专利摘要:
The compact excitation module comprises two RF radiofrequency exciters (11, 12) and a rotating joint (13) coupled to each other along a common longitudinal axis (5), the rotary joint comprising two distinct parts, respectively fixed (14) and rotary (15) around the common longitudinal axis (5), the two radiofrequency exciters being mounted on either side of the rotary joint, respectively on the fixed and rotary parts, and axially coupled together by means of the rotary joint . The compact excitation module further comprises a rotary actuator (18) provided with an axial through opening (40), the rotary joint (13) being housed in the axial through opening (40) of the rotary actuator.
公开号:FR3029018A1
申请号:FR1402674
申请日:2014-11-26
公开日:2016-05-27
发明作者:Jerome Lorenzo;Pierre Bosshard;Jerome Brossier;Benjamin Monteillet;Abdelkader Meziani
申请人:Thales SA;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a compact radiofrequency excitation module with integrated kinematics and a compact biaxial antenna comprising such a compact module. It applies to pointing agile antennas which must offer a wide range of azimuth and elevation pointing as well as operation in transmission, reception and / or bipolarization. It applies in particular in the field of space, antennas mounted on satellites. For low-orbiting satellites with low volumes for antenna equipment, when the mission requires both strong pointing agility and transmitting, receiving and transmitting antenna operation. bipolarization, the volume allocated in height to implement the antenna is often critical. The antenna solutions with known pointing agility do not make it possible to ensure both pointing kinematics as well as operation in bipolarization and operation in transmission and reception in a constrained volume. It is in particular known to produce a reflector antenna comprising a fixed fixed source in which the reflector has a symmetry of revolution and comprises a pointing mechanism which actuates it in rotation along two axes azimuth and elevation. The agility of pointing is obtained thanks to the movement of the reflector. However, the symmetry of revolution of the reflector does not make it possible to maximize the gain of the antenna at the edge of the coverage or to control the polarization performance over a wide scanning range. In addition, it is difficult to minimize the height of the antenna due to the position of the source which is generally very far from the reflector and the length of the waveguide to reach the source is important. Moreover, this antenna solution does not allow operation with high elevation angles. It is also known to produce a dual reflector antenna comprising a source placed in front of the secondary reflector in which the pointing agility of the antenna is obtained on an azimuth axis by virtue of the movement of all the two reflectors. and the source. The pointing agility of the antenna on an elevation axis is obtained thanks to the movement of all the two reflectors with respect to the source which remains fixed. The disadvantages are that this antenna solution does not allow operation in bipolarization and furthermore, the volume necessary for the implantation of the kinematics of the antenna is important. It is also known to produce an antenna comprising a centered reflector in which the agility of pointing is obtained by a set of three linear actuators associated with articulated arms. The radiofrequency bipolarization junction is provided by two coaxial cables. The disadvantages are that this solution has a large footprint, mass and cost. In addition, radiofrequency links made by flexible coaxial cables pose problems of service life.
[0002] The object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of known pointing agility antennas and to produce a compact radiofrequency excitation module with integrated kinematics capable of being connected to a radiating element of an antenna, making it possible to provide pointing agility of the antenna in azimuth and elevation and allowing operation in one or more frequency bands and for one or two different polarizations. For this, the invention relates to a compact radiofrequency excitation module comprising two radiofrequency exciters and a rotating joint coupled to each other along a common longitudinal axis, the rotary joint comprising two distinct parts, respectively fixed and rotatable around the longitudinal axis. common, the two radiofrequency exciters being mounted on either side of the rotary joint, respectively on the fixed and rotary parts, and coupled axially between them via the rotary joint. The compact module further comprises a rotary actuator provided with an axial through opening oriented along the common longitudinal axis, the rotary joint being housed in the axial through opening of the rotary actuator.
[0003] Advantageously, the fixed and rotary parts of the rotary joint are fitted together, without contact, parallel to the common longitudinal axis, the two fixed and rotary parts each having a cylindrical axial aperture 5 forming an axial cylindrical waveguide. . Advantageously, the fixed and rotary parts of the rotary joint are separated by an intermediate space and, in the intermediate space, at least one of the fixed or rotary parts may comprise walls provided with corrugations.
[0004] Alternatively, in the intermediate space, at least one of the fixed or rotatable parts may comprise walls provided with at least one cavity.
[0005] Advantageously each radiofrequency exciter comprises a main waveguide mounted along the common longitudinal axis and coupled to the axial cylindrical waveguide of the rotary joint. Advantageously, each RF exciter may comprise an orthomode transducer OMT coupled to the main waveguide of the RF exciter. Alternatively, each RF exciter may comprise a polarizer coupled to the main waveguide of the RF exciter.
[0006] The invention also relates to a compact biaxial antenna comprising two compact excitation modules and a radiating horn associated with a polarizer, the longitudinal axes of the two compact modules being oriented perpendicular to one another, the second compact module being connected to the polarizer to which is connected the radiating horn. Finally, the invention relates to a compact biaxial antenna comprising a single compact excitation module, a radiating horn associated with a polarizer, a reflector and a plane mirror placed around the radiating horn and inclined with respect to an elevation axis, the radiating horn being placed in front of the reflector, the compact excitation module having a longitudinal axis oriented along an azimuth axis.
[0007] Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description given by way of purely illustrative and nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings which show: FIG. 1: a block diagram of FIG. a compact excitation module with integrated kinematics, according to the invention; FIG. 2: an exploded diagram of the axial arrangement of the compact excitation module with integrated kinematics, according to the invention; FIG. 3a is a diagram in axial section of a first exemplary embodiment of the rotary joint, according to the invention; FIG. 3b: a diagram in axial section of a second exemplary embodiment of the rotary joint, according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional diagram of an exemplary RF exciter suitable for use in the compact excitation module corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 according to the invention; FIGS. 5a and 5b are two diagrams in axial section of two examples of arrangements of a rotary joint in an axial orifice of a rotary actuator according to the invention; FIG. 6: a block diagram of a first example of a very compact biaxial mobile antenna architecture, comprising a set of two compact excitation modules coupled together and a radiating horn coupled to this assembly, according to the invention; FIGS. 7a and 7b: a compact view and an exploded view of the antenna corresponding to FIG. 6, according to the invention; FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a second example of a very compact biaxial mobile antenna architecture, comprising a compact excitation module coupled to a radiating horn, a parabolic reflector and a movable reflector mirror in elevation, according to FIG. invention; FIGS. 9a and 9b: two perspective and profile views of the antenna corresponding to FIG. 8, according to the invention.
[0008] According to the invention, the compact excitation module 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises two RF radiofrequency exciters 11, 12 coupled together in parallel to a longitudinal axis 5 via a coupled rotating joint 13. to a rotary actuator 18. As shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the rotary joint consists of two distinct parts 14, 15, respectively fixed 14 and rotary 15, fitted together, without contact, parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 the two fixed and rotatable parts having a cylindrical axial through opening forming a cylindrical axial waveguide 17 common to both fixed and rotary parts 14, 15.
[0009] The two fixed and rotating portions 15 of the rotary joint 13 respectively form a stator and a rotor rotatable around the longitudinal axis 5. The two RF exciters 11, 12 are mounted on either side of the rotary joint 13, respectively on the fixed 14 and rotary 15 parts, of the rotary joint. The first RF exciter 11 mounted on the stator of the rotating seal 15 is fixed while the second RF exciter 12 mounted on the rotor of the rotary joint is rotatable about the longitudinal axis 5. The compact excitation module shown on FIG. 1 furthermore comprises at least one input port connected to a corresponding port of the first RF exciter 11 and at least one output port connected to a corresponding port of the second RF exciter 12. The number of input ports and The output of the compact excitation module 10 is equal to the number of channels of each RF exciter. For example, this number is equal to 1 when each RF exciter used is single-channel, and equal to two when each RF exciter is bivoies as shown in the example of FIG. 1 which has two input ports 24, 25 and two output ports 26, 27. It is also possible to use RF exciters having an input / output number greater than two. In the example of FIG. 3a, the two parts, fixed 14 and movable 15 respectively, of the rotary joint have complementary shape geometries, male and female, and are separated by an intermediate space 16. In the example explicitly shown, the rotor 15 is the female part and the stator 14 is the male part, but alternatively, it is also possible to have the opposite configuration in which the rotor is the male part and the stator the female part . In the intermediate space 16 separating the two male and female parts of the rotary joint 13, the walls of the male and female parts may be flat and smooth as shown in FIG. 3a. Alternatively, in the intermediate space 16, the walls of the male and / or female parts may comprise corrugations which constitute radiofrequency traps, each radiofrequency trap being equivalent to an electrical short circuit, which makes it possible to avoid electromagnetic leakage. between the two parts of the rotating joint. Alternatively, in the intermediate space 16, the radiofrequency trap may consist of a cavity 8 formed in the wall of the male part 14 and / or of the female part 15 of the rotary joint 13, as represented for example in FIG. 3b , or by several successive cavities. The through-cylindrical axial opening 17 of the rotary joint 13 forms a circular-section waveguide allowing, for example, the propagation of two electromagnetic waves in circular circular polarization between the two RF exciters 11, 12. Each RF exciter comprises a guide of FIG. main wave 15 mounted along the common longitudinal axis 5 and coupled to the axial cylindrical waveguide 17 of the rotary joint 13. The architecture of the RF exciters 11, 12 is not important from a functional point of view. It is only necessary that the exciters are made in a waveguide technology and that they are able to develop one or more RF waves either in the circularly polarized TE11 fundamental electromagnetic mode, or in an electromagnetic mode with symmetry of revolution. , such as the TMO1 mode for example. It is thus possible to use known RF exciters having a single RF channel and a single operating frequency band or exciters having two RF channels operating in bi-polarization and in a single frequency band. Similarly, in a known manner, for operation in two or more different operating frequencies, it is possible to use an RF exciter with two or more stages, each stage being dedicated to a particular frequency, or to combine the RF exciter with a polarizer. In the case of bipolarization operation, each RF exciter may comprise a septum polarizer or an OMT orthomode transducer. By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a two-way planar compact RF exciter 11 for single-frequency and bipolarization operation that can be used in the compact excitation module of the invention. In the example of FIG. 4, the RF exciter 11 comprises a planar RF radiofrequency circuit consisting of a two-branched orthomode transducer OMT 30 and two RF recombination circuits 28, 29 connected to the two input ports. / output 24, 25 via a coupler. The OMT comprises a main waveguide 23 of circular section having a longitudinal axis arranged parallel to the axis 5 and has two transverse branches located in a plane perpendicular to the axis 5 and respectively coupled to the main waveguide by two axial coupling slots. The two axial coupling slots pass through the wall of the axial waveguide and are angularly spaced at an angle of 90 °. The two transverse branches of the OMT are respectively connected to the two RF recombination circuits 28, 29 of the RF exciter 11 by means of filters. The two RF recombination circuits 28, 29 make it possible to produce two waves in right and left circular polarization in the main cylindrical waveguide 23 of the OMT. The radiofrequency components have a planar structure perpendicular to the axis 5 and are dedicated to the processing of RF radio frequency signals corresponding to the same frequency band. Of course, the invention is not limited to this type of RF exciter. Any other single-channel or multi-channel exciter can also be used. The number of input / output ports of the exciter is directly related to the number of channels of the RF exciter. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the two RF exciters 11, 12 are mounted on either side of the rotary joint 13, the main waveguides of the two RF exciters 11, 12 being coupled to one another via the 25 axial waveguide 17 of the rotary joint 13. The main waveguide of the first compact exciter 11 is fixed to the stator portion of the rotary joint 13 and in the extension of the axial waveguide 17 of the rotary joint, the guide The main wave of the second compact exciter 12 is fixed to the rotor portion of the rotary joint 13 and in the extension of the axial waveguide 17 of the rotary joint. The main waveguides of the two compact exciters 11, 12 and the axial waveguide 17 of the rotary joint 13 are therefore aligned along the same common longitudinal axis, parallel to the axis 5 and form a common cylindrical waveguide for ensuring the radiofrequency link, that is the propagation of the electromagnetic waves, between the input port (s) 24, 25 of the first exciter 11 and the corresponding output port (s) 26, 3029018 of the second exciter 12. The compact excitation module further comprises a rotary actuator 18 having a cylindrical axial through opening 40 oriented along the longitudinal axis 5, in which is housed the rotary joint 13, as shown in FIGS. 5b. The rotary joint and the rotary actuator are therefore coaxial. The rotary actuator 18 comprises a rotor 19 coupled to the rotor 15 of the rotary joint 13 and a stator 20 coupled to the stator 14 of the rotary joint 13. As shown in the example of FIG. 5b, the stator can be mounted on a first part support 21 and the rotor 15 can be mounted on a second support member 22. In this case, the second support member 22 may comprise an end mounted on the first support part 21 via an interface piece such as for example, a ball bearing 3. In operation, the rotary actuator 18 drives the rotor of the rotary joint 13 in rotation about the longitudinal axis 5 which in turn drives the second exciter 12 secured to the rotor of the rotary joint. The first exciter 11 secured to the stator of the rotary joint 13 remains fixed. The radiofrequency link between the two exciters 11, 12 is provided by the longitudinal waveguide 17 of axis 5 common to the two compact exciters 11, 12 and the rotary joint 13.
[0010] The compact excitation module 10 thus makes it possible, in a reduced volume, to provide the mechanical motorization and the radiofrequency link between two parts of an antenna respectively fixed and mobile in rotation. It thus makes it possible to ensure the orientation of an element of an antenna, for example a radiating element, by rotation about the axis 5, of the second exciter 25 12 secured to the rotor 15 of the rotary joint 13. For this , the accesses of the radiating element of the antenna must be respectively connected to the output ports of the second exciter 12 secured to the rotor 15 of the rotary joint. It is possible to combine two rotational drive movements along two different axes, for example orthogonal to each other, and to obtain, for example, a rotation of a pointing axis of an antenna in azimuth and in elevation, for example by combining two identical compact excitation modules 10, 50 coupled in series. The series coupling of the two compact excitation modules 10, 50 can for example be achieved by means of coaxial cables or bent waveguides as shown in FIGS. 6, 7a, 7b.
[0011] FIG. 6 illustrates a first example of a block diagram of a very compact biaxial mobile antenna architecture, comprising a set of two compact excitation modules 10, 50 coupled together and a radiating horn 34 associated with a polarizer 33. coupled to this assembly, according to the invention. A compact view and an exploded view of the corresponding antenna are illustrated in FIGS. 7a and 7b. The antenna comprises a first compact module 10 having a longitudinal axis oriented along a first azimuth axis of rotation Z and a second compact module 50 having a longitudinal axis oriented along a second axis of rotation in elevation X perpendicular to the first axis Z. The two compact modules 10, 50 are connected perpendicularly to one another, for example by angled waveguides or coaxial cables 35, 36 connected between two outputs of the first compact module 10 and two inputs of the second compact module 50. the two compact modules, the second compact module 50 is connected at the input of a polarizer 33 at the output of which is connected the radiating horn 34. Each compact module 10, 50 comprises two exciters 11, 12 coupled together by a rotary joint 13 housed in an axial opening of a respective rotary actuator 18 as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The first compact module 10 comprises a first rotary actuator which drives the rotor of a first rotary joint and the exciter which is secured to this rotor in a rotational movement about the Z axis. The second compact module 50 comprises a second rotary actuator which drives the rotor a second rotary joint and the exciter which is secured to it in a rotational movement about the X axis. The radiating horn 34 associated with the polarizer 33 coupled to the rotating part of the second compact module 50 is therefore rotated. around the elevation axis X via the rotor of the second rotary joint and around the azimuth axis Z via the rotor of the first rotary joint, the azimuth rotation angle being typically between -180 ° and 180 °, the angle of rotation in elevation being typically between -70 ° and + 70 °. These two combined rotations make it possible to ensure an orientation of the radiating horn 34 of the antenna with respect to two orthogonal axes Z of azimuth and X of elevation and to ensure a pointing of the radiofrequency beam radiated by the antenna in a 3029018 10 direction chosen in an apex angle cone of the order of 70 ° to 800 alternatively, according to another embodiment of the invention, it is possible to combine two rotational drive movements along two axes different, for example orthogonal to each other, and to obtain for example a rotation of a pointing axis of an antenna in azimuth and elevation, by combining a compact excitation module with an inclined plane mirror as shown in FIGS. 8, 9a, 9b. FIG. 8 illustrates a second example of a block diagram 10 of a very compact biaxial mobile antenna architecture, comprising a compact excitation module 10 coupled by a radiofrequency link to a radiating horn 34 associated with a polarizer 33, a reflector 31 and a plane mirror 32 inclined relative to an axis of elevation X, according to the invention. The reflector 31 can be parabolic surface or preformed surface (in English, shaped reflector). A perspective view and a side view of the corresponding antenna are illustrated in Figures 9a and 9b. The reflector 31 and the plane mirror 32 are mounted on a plate 38 of the mobile antenna rotated about an azimuth axis Z. Alternatively, the reflector and the mirror may be mechanically connected to each other by means of bridges. .
[0012] This antenna architecture comprises only one compact excitation module 10 comprising a longitudinal axis oriented along the azimuth axis Z. The compact excitation module 10, housed inside the plate 38 and not shown in Figures 9a and 9b, comprises two exciters coupled together by a rotary joint housed in an axial opening of a respective rotary actuator 25 as described in connection with Figures 1 and 2. The rotary actuator drives the plate 38 of the antenna and the rotor of the rotary joint as well as the exciter which is secured to this rotor in a rotational movement about the azimuth axis Z. The radiating horn associated with the polarizer is coupled to the exciter integral with the rotor of the rotary joint which drives it in rotation about the azimuth axis Z. The radiating horn 34 is placed in front of the reflector 31 which ensures the reflection of the radiofrequency wave radiated by the horn 34 in the direction of the plane mirror 32 placed around a radiating horn 34 and oriented towards an elevation direction forming an adjustable elevation angle. The plane mirror 32 reflects the radiofrequency wave emitted by the radiating horn 34 and reflector 31 in the desired direction.
[0013] The azimuth mechanical misalignment of the beam emitted by the antenna is achieved by the joint rotation of the plate 38 of the antenna and the rotor of the rotary joint and the elevation misalignment is achieved by the modification of the angle of rotation. inclination of the plane mirror 32 relative to the axis of elevation. This very compact antenna architecture allows an emission of a radio frequency wave in bipolarization in any chosen direction, in a wide range of angular sweeps corresponding to an azimuth rotation angle typically between -180 ° and 180 °. , and at an elevation angle of rotation typically between -70 ° and + 70 °.
[0014] Although the invention has been described in connection with particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if These are within the scope of the invention. Thus, the invention is not limited to any particular type of RF exciter but can be applied to any type of RF exciter, TMO1 or TE01 mode, equipped with a polarizer and / or an OMT, having one or more RF channels. Likewise, the input / output number of each exciter is not limited to one or two, but may be greater than two. 20
权利要求:
Claims (9)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. Compact radiofrequency excitation module, characterized in that it comprises two RF radiofrequency exciters (11, 12) and a rotating joint (13) coupled together along a common longitudinal axis (5), the rotary joint comprising two distinct parts, respectively fixed (14) and rotatable (15) about the common longitudinal axis (5), the two radiofrequency exciters being mounted on either side of the rotary joint, respectively on the fixed and rotatable parts, and axially coupled to each other through the rotary joint, and in that it further comprises a rotary actuator (18) provided with an axial through opening (40) oriented along the common longitudinal axis (5), the rotary joint (13). being housed in the axial through opening (40) of the rotary actuator.
[0002]
2. Compact excitation module according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed and rotary parts (14, 15) of the rotary joint (13) are fitted together, without contact, parallel to the common longitudinal axis (5). ), the two fixed and rotatable parts each having a cylindrical axial opening therethrough (17) forming an axial cylindrical waveguide.
[0003]
3. compact excitation module according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixed and rotary parts of the rotary joint are separated by an intermediate space (16) and in that, in the intermediate space, at least one of the fixed or rotary parts comprises walls provided with corrugations (16).
[0004]
4. compact excitation module according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixed and rotary parts of the rotary joint are separated by an intermediate space (16) and in that, in the intermediate space, at least one of the parts fixed or rotatable comprises walls provided with at least one cavity (8). 3029018 13
[0005]
5. compact excitation module according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each RF exciter (11, 12) comprises a main waveguide (23) mounted along the common longitudinal axis and coupled to the guide axial cylindrical wave of the rotary joint. Compact excitation module according to claim 5, characterized in that each RF exciter (11, 12) comprises an orthomode transducer OMT (30) coupled to the main waveguide (23) of the RF exciter. Compact excitation module according to claim 5, characterized in that each RF exciter comprises a polarizer (33) coupled to the main waveguide (23) of the RF exciter. A compact biaxial antenna characterized in that it comprises two compact excitation modules (10, 50) according to one of the preceding claims and a radiating horn (34) associated with a polarizer (33), the longitudinal axes of the two compact modules. being oriented perpendicular to each other, the second compact module being connected to the polarizer to which the radiating horn is connected. A compact biaxial antenna characterized in that it comprises a single compact excitation module (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, a radiating horn (34) associated with a polarizer (33), a reflector (31) and a plane mirror (32) placed around the radiating horn and inclined with respect to an elevation axis, the radiating horn being placed in front of the reflector, the compact excitation module (10) having a longitudinal axis oriented along an axis of azimuth. 5
[0006]
6. 10
[0007]
7. 15
[0008]
8. 20
[0009]
9. 25
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
EP3026754A1|2016-06-01|
FR3029018B1|2016-12-30|
US20160149280A1|2016-05-26|
US9768482B2|2017-09-19|
CA2913372A1|2016-05-26|
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2015-10-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2016-05-27| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160527 |
2016-10-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2017-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
2018-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
2019-10-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
2020-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
2021-11-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1402674A|FR3029018B1|2014-11-26|2014-11-26|COMPACT RADIOFREQUENCY EXCITATION MODULE WITH INTEGRATED CINEMATIC AND COMPACT BIAXE ANTENNA COMPRISING LESS SUCH COMPACT MODULE|FR1402674A| FR3029018B1|2014-11-26|2014-11-26|COMPACT RADIOFREQUENCY EXCITATION MODULE WITH INTEGRATED CINEMATIC AND COMPACT BIAXE ANTENNA COMPRISING LESS SUCH COMPACT MODULE|
EP15195396.5A| EP3026754A1|2014-11-26|2015-11-19|Compact radiofrequency excitation module with integrated kinematics and biaxial compact antenna comprising at least one such compact module|
US14/949,548| US9768482B2|2014-11-26|2015-11-23|Compact radiofrequency excitation module with integrated kinematics and compact biaxial antenna comprising at least one such compact module|
CA2913372A| CA2913372A1|2014-11-26|2015-11-23|Compact radiofrequency excitation module with integrated kinematics and compact biaxial antenna comprising at least one such compact module|
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