• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An aircraft turbomachine generally comprises at least one assembly formed of a first piece (70) on which a second piece (72) is fixed by means of fastening means (18) comprising a head (26) applied on the first piece and a body (19) cooperating with the second piece to operate a clamping parts. The housing of the head (26) of such a fastening means requires a boss at the first piece, complex and expensive to achieve with conventional techniques. Such a boss may be replaced by a removable cup (80) comprising an orifice (82) through which the body (19) passes and forming a housing for the head (26), a bearing surface for the head (26). and abutment means (92) applied to the first piece to prevent displacement of the cup (80) towards the second piece.
    公开号:FR3027073A1
    申请号:FR1459754
    申请日:2014-10-10
    公开日:2016-04-15
    发明作者:Cyrille Francois Antoine Mathias；Julien Vitra；Herve Simonotti
    申请人:SNECMA SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of machines such as aircraft turbomachines, and more particularly relates to the assembly of two parts intended to be part of the invention. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION of such a machine. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART An aircraft turbomachine generally comprises relatively thin wall-shaped parts on which other parts are fixed by means of screws, rivets, or similar fastening means. These relatively thin parts are, for example, sectors circumferentially mounted end-to-end to form an outer shell of an intermediate housing hub, internally defining the secondary flow channel of the turbomachine, and / or an inner shell of such a device. intermediate casing hub, externally defining the primary flow channel of the turbomachine. Components housed in a space defined between the two aforementioned ferrules are in fact fixed on one or the other of the ferrules. The components attached to these relatively thin parts are for example air or oil conveying ducts. In addition, the relatively thin walls are generally themselves fixed on housings, also by means of fixing means of the type described above. In general, these relatively thin walls do not allow to house the heads of the fastening means in the thickness of these walls. Therefore, in order to accommodate the head of each fastening means, such a relatively thin wall-shaped piece is provided with bosses.
    [0002] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a relatively thin first piece 10, such as a ferrule sector of the type described above, on which a second piece 12 is fixed in a known manner. For this purpose, the two parts 10 and 12 are respectively provided with a first through hole 14 and a second through hole 16 positioned opposite one another, and through which a screw 18 extends. comprising a threaded body 19 screwed into threaded means 20 fixed to the second part 12 or integrated therewith. The first piece 10 is provided with a boss 22 in which is formed a housing 24 for the head 26 of the screw. Such a boss thus makes it possible to prevent the head 26 of the screw from protruding outwardly from the first part 10. However, the production of such bosses requires the use of complex and costly machining techniques to be implemented. artwork. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is in particular to provide a simple, economical and effective solution to this problem. It proposes for this purpose an assembly, in particular for a machine such as an aircraft turbomachine, comprising a first part provided with a first through hole, a second part provided with a second through hole 20 positioned opposite the first part. through-hole of the first piece, and a fastening means which extends through said first and second through holes, and which has a head exerting a bearing on the first piece and a body cooperating with the second piece so that the means fastening secures the second piece to the first piece.
    [0003] According to the invention, the assembly comprises a cup, independent of the first and second parts and the fixing means. This cup is mounted in the first through hole, and the cup comprises: a cup orifice in which is housed the head of the fixing means and through which extends the body of the fixing means, a surface of support on which the head of the fixing means is applied, and - stop means cooperating with a periphery of the first through hole to prevent movement of the cup towards the second part. The support of the head of the fastening means on the first part is thus exerted via said abutment means. The invention therefore proposes to house the head of the fastening means within cups independent of the parts to be assembled, and therefore removable. The invention thus makes it possible to avoid the use of expensive and complex machining techniques. The invention is applicable to all types of parts to be assembled but is particularly advantageous when at least one of the parts is relatively thin, in particular in the case where it would not be possible to house the head of a screw, a rivet or similar fastening means in the thickness of the piece. Preferably, the assembly comprises a first axis defined with respect to the second part.
    [0004] In addition, said cup orifice preferably defines a second axis. The bearing surface is advantageously configured to center the head of the fastening means relative to said second axis, and the cup advantageously comprises an outer lateral surface mounted fitted into the first through hole so that the first and second axes coincide.
    [0005] The cup therefore allows reciprocal centering of the fastening means and the first piece relative to the first axis. Due to the fitting of the cup in the first orifice, the invention thus allows optimal relative positioning of the first piece relative to the second piece. The bearing surface is preferably a countersink, in which case the head of the fastening means is a countersunk head. Alternatively, the bearing surface may be formed by the bottom of a counterbore formed around the cup orifice. Furthermore, the fixing means is preferably a screw, and the second part is advantageously provided with threaded means defining said first axis, the latter thus forming a screw axis for the screw.
    [0006] In addition, said abutment means advantageously take the form of an annular rim extending around the cup projecting outwardly therefrom. Where appropriate, the annular rim protrudes from the outer lateral surface of the cup.
    [0007] Preferably, the assembly further includes an axial stopper cooperating with the cup and with the first piece to retain the cup in the first through hole. The axial stop device makes it possible to prevent displacement of the cup in the opposite direction to the second piece. This device and the abovementioned abutment means thus together ensure the retention of the cup on the first piece. This limits the risk of loss of the cup during assembly operations of the two parts. Preferably, the cup comprises a first annular groove, and the axial stop device comprises a detachable locking member engaged in said first annular groove. The axial stop device can thus be put in place after mounting the cup in the first through hole, while being of a simple design. The removable locking member preferably takes the form of a snap ring.
    [0008] In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the second part has a contact surface applied against the first part, said second through hole comprises an enlarged part opening through said contact surface, and part of the cup. extends into said enlarged portion of the second through hole.
    [0009] In a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the assembly further comprises a spacer interposed between said first and second parts and surrounding a portion of the cup. Preferably, the spacer comprises a second annular groove in which said detachable locking member is partially engaged, so that the spacer and the cup hold each other to the first piece.
    [0010] The invention also relates to a machine, in particular a turbomachine, comprising at least one assembly of the type described above, in which one of the first and second parts constitutes at least a portion of an annular wall delimiting a channel. Flow flow of the machine.
    [0011] Preferably, the other of the first and second parts constitutes at least a portion of a structural housing of the machine or part of a conduit for the circulation of a fluid. The invention finally relates to a method of making an assembly 10 of the type described above, comprising the steps of: - setting up the cup in the first through hole of the first piece; positioning the second piece, so that the second through hole is located opposite the first through hole; Placing the fastening means through the first and second through-holes until a compressive stress is applied between the first and second pieces and the tightening of the first piece and the second piece is achieved. , due to a support exerted by the head of the fastening means on the first part and due to a cooperation of the body of the fastening means with the second part.
    [0012] Preferably, the method further comprises a step of activating an axial stopping device such that said device cooperates with the cup and with the first piece to retain the cup in the first through hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood, and other details, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: Figure 1, already described, is a partial schematic view in axial section of an assembly of two parts of a known type; FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view in axial section of an aircraft turbomachine according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view in axial section of an assembly of two parts according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, intended to equip the turbomachine of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view in axial section of an assembly of two parts according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention, intended to equip the turbomachine of FIG. 2; FIG. 4a is a view on a larger scale of part IVa of FIG. 4.
    [0013] In all of these figures, identical references may designate identical or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 2 illustrates an aircraft turbomachine 30, for example a turbofan engine, generally comprising a fan 32 intended for the suction of a stream of air dividing downstream of the engine. the fan in a primary flow supplying a core of the turbomachine and a secondary flow bypassing the core 34. This core generally comprises a low pressure compressor 36, a high pressure compressor 38, a combustion chamber 40, a high pressure turbine 42 and a low pressure turbine 44. The turbomachine is streamlined by a nacelle 46 surrounding the flow space 48 of the secondary flow. The rotors of the turbomachine are rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis 50 of the turbomachine. The turbomachine 30 comprises in particular relatively thin wall-shaped parts, on which other parts are fixed by means of screws, rivets, or similar fastening means.
    [0014] These include circumferentially mounted end-to-end sectors for forming the outer shell 52 of an intermediate housing hub, internally defining the flow space 48 of the secondary flow, and end-to-end mounted sectors. circumferentially end to form the inner ferrule 54 of such an intermediate housing hub, the ferrule 54 externally defining 3027073 7 the flow space 56 of the primary flow. Components (not visible in Figure 2) housed in the space 58 defined between the two rings 52 and 54 are fixed on one or the other of these rings. In addition, these rings are themselves fixed to an intermediate casing 60 of the turbomachine, for example on structural arms 62 belonging to this casing.
    [0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an assembly 66 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, comprising a first part 70, which is for example a sector of the outer shell 52, and a second part 72, which is for example a wall an air or oil delivery duct. Alternatively, the second part 72 may in particular be a part of a structural arm 62 intermediate housing 10. The two parts 70 and 72 are provided, respectively, with a first through hole 74, and a second through hole 76 positioned facing the first through hole 74. A fastening means 18 extends through the two through orifices 74, 76. This fixing means 18 has a head 26 intended to exert a bearing on the first piece 70 and a body 19 intended to cooperate with the second piece so that the fastening means 18 ensures attachment of the second piece on the first piece. Moreover, a first axis 28 for the positioning of the fixing means is defined with respect to the second piece 72.
    [0016] In the illustrated example, the fixing means takes the form of a screw 18. The aforementioned head 26 forms the head of the screw while the body 19 comprises the thread of the screw. In addition, the first axis 28 is a screw axis defined by retaining means, such as threaded means 20 attached to the second part 72, in the extension of the second through hole 76, in a manner known per se.
    [0017] The assembly 66 further comprises a cup 80, forming a part independent of the first and second parts 70, 72 mentioned above and the fixing means 18. The cup 80 thus has a removable character. The cup 80 has, for example in its center, a cup orifice 82 in which is housed the head 26 of the fastening means and through which extends the body 19 of the fastening means. The cup 80 further comprises a bearing surface 86 delimiting an inlet section of the cup orifice 82 and on which the head 26 of the fastening means 18 is applied. In the illustrated example, the cup orifice 82 defines a second axis 84, and the bearing surface 86 is shaped to center the fastening means 18 along the second axis 84. In the preferred example shown, the head 26 of the fastening means 18 is a countersunk head, and the bearing surface 86 is a countersink. The cup 80 has an outer side surface 90 mounted fitted into the first through hole 74, so that the second axis 84 merges with the first axis 28. The outer side surface 90 and the first through hole 74 are preferably cylindrical in shape. The cup 80 further comprises stop means 92 cooperating with a periphery of the first through-hole 74 to prevent movement of the cup 80 towards the second piece 72. As shown in FIG. The support of the head 26 of the fastening means 18 on the first part 70 is thus exerted via the abutment means 92 of the cup. In the illustrated example, the abutment means take the form of an annular flange 92, or flange, extending around the cup orifice 82, projecting radially outwardly of the cup, from the outer side surface 90. This annular flange 92 is applied to the periphery 94 of the first through-hole 74. In this example, the first part 70 has a counterbore 95 having a bottom forming the periphery 94 of the first through-hole 74 on which the annular flange 92 is applied. In addition, in the illustrated example, the annular flange 92 is integrally housed in the counterbore 95. Alternatively, the annular flange 92 may protrude out of the counterbore 95, beyond the surface of the first workpiece 70, without depart from the scope of the invention. The assembly 66 further comprises an axial stop device comprising a removable locking member 96 cooperating with the cup 80 and with the first piece 70 to retain the cup 80 in the first through hole 74.
    [0018] In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the cup 80 comprises a first annular groove 98 formed in the external lateral surface 90 of the cup, and the removable locking member is a snap ring 96 engaged in the first Annular groove 98. More precisely, a radially inner annular portion of snap ring 96 is housed in the first annular groove 98 while a radially outer annular portion of snap ring 96 projects out of the first annular groove of so as to form a stop vis-à-vis the periphery of the first through-orifice 74, preventing displacement of the cup 80 in the direction from the second piece 72 to the first piece 70. In the example shown, the stop formed by the retaining ring 96 is not active in the clamping position of the two parts visible in FIG. 3, but nevertheless makes it possible to prevent the cup 80 from dissociating from the first piece 70 at the bottom In the first preferred embodiment of the invention, the second part 72 has a contact surface 100 applied against the first part 70, the second through orifice 76 has a enlarged portion 102 opening through the contact surface 100, and a portion 104 of the cup 80 extends axially in the enlarged portion 102 of the second through hole. In this first embodiment, the cup 80 is thus partially housed in the second through-orifice 76 of the second piece 72.
    [0019] The assembly according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention can be carried out by means of the steps consisting successively of: placing the cup 80 in the first through orifice 74 of the first piece 70; in the illustrated example, this step comprises the insertion of the annular rim 92 into the counterbore 95; Activate the axial stop device 96; in the illustrated example, this step comprises the insertion of the radially inner annular portion of the snap ring 96 into the first annular groove 98; this optional step makes it possible to make the cup 80 "captive", that is to say to avoid its inadvertent detachment during the next step; - Put in place the second piece 72, where appropriate provided with threaded means 20, so that the contact surface 100 of the second piece 72 is applied against the first piece 70 and the second through hole 76 is located view of the first through hole 74; 5 activate the cooperation of the body 19 of the fastening means 18 with the second piece 72 until the application of a compressive stress between the parts 70 and 72 and obtaining the tightening of the two parts 70, 72; in the example illustrated, it is a question of screwing the screw 18 in the threaded means 20 by passing it through the first through-hole 74.
    [0020] In the second preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4, the assembly 66 further comprises a spacer 110 interposed between the first piece 70 and the second piece 72. The spacer 110 surrounds a part of the cup 80. More specifically, the spacer 110 is substantially in the shape of a ring, or cylinder of revolution, mounted fitted around the outer lateral surface 90 of the cup. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the assembly comprises an axial stop device comprising a removable locking member, for example a snap ring 96 of the same type as that of the first embodiment described above, and the cup 80 has a first annular groove 98 formed in the outer side surface 90. In addition, the spacer 110 has a second annular groove 112 formed in a radially inner surface 114 of the spacer (Fig. 4a). The removable locking member 96 comprises a radially inner annular portion engaged in the first annular groove 98 and a radially external annular portion engaged in the second annular groove 112, so that the spacer 110 and the cup 80 hold each other the first piece 70. The assembly according to the second preferred embodiment of the invention can be achieved by means of the steps consisting successively in: - setting up the cup 80 in the first through hole 74 of the first piece 70; in the example illustrated in FIG. 4, this step comprises the insertion of the annular flange 92 into the counterbore 95; 3027073 11 activate the axial stop device 96; in the illustrated example, this step comprises inserting the radially inner annular portion of the snap ring 96 into the corresponding first annular groove 98; this optional step makes it possible to make the cup 80 "captive", that is to say to avoid its untimely detachment during the two following 5 steps; mounting the spacer 110 around the outer lateral surface 90 of the cup 80 so that the spacer 110 is applied against the first piece 70; in the illustrated example, this step comprises forcing the radially outer annular portion of the snap ring 96 into the second annular groove 112 so as to ensure that the spacer 110 is retained at the first part 70 ; this optional step thus makes it possible to make the spacer 110 "captive", that is to say to avoid its inadvertent detachment during the next step; putting in place the second piece 72, if necessary provided with threaded means 20, so that its contact surface 100 is applied against the spacer 110 and the second through hole 76 is located opposite the first through hole 74; - Activate the cooperation of the body 19 of the fastening means 18 with the second part 72 until the application of a compressive stress between the parts 70 and 72 and obtaining the tightening of the two parts 70, 72; in the illustrated example, it is to screw the screw 18 in the threaded means 20 by passing through the first through hole 74. The invention has been described in the case of a fastening by screwing fixing means in the form of a screw. In the case of an assembly using a rivet, an end portion of the rivet body is able to widen radially outwardly with respect to the first axis. This enlarged end portion is intended to be applied against the second part and to cooperate with it, while exerting a compressive stress between the first and second parts until the tightening of the latter.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Assembly (66), in particular for a machine such as an aircraft turbomachine, comprising: a first part (70) provided with a first through hole (74); a second piece (72) provided with a second through hole (76) positioned facing the first through hole (74) of the first piece; and fastening means (18) extending through said first and second through holes (74, 76) and having a head (26) bearing on the first piece (70) and a body (19). ) cooperating with the second piece so that the fastening means (18) secures the second piece to the first piece; said assembly being characterized in that it comprises a cup (80), independent of the first and second parts (70, 72) and the fixing means (18), the cup (80) being mounted in the first through-hole (74) ) and comprising: - a cup orifice (82) in which is housed the head (26) of the fastening means and through which extends the body (19) of the fastening means (18), - a surface of support (86) on which the head (26) of the fastening means (18) is applied, and - stop means (92) applied on a periphery (94) of the first through hole (74) to prevent movement of the cup (80) towards the second piece (72).
    [0002]
    2. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a first axis (28), defined with respect to the second piece (72), for positioning the fastening means (18).
    [0003]
    3. An assembly according to claim 2, wherein: said cup orifice defines a second axis (84), the bearing surface (86) is configured to center the fastener head (26) with respect to said second axis (84), and 3027073 13 - the cup (80) comprises an outer side surface (90) mounted fitted into said first through hole (74) so that said first and second axes (28, 84) are merged. 5
    [0004]
    4. The assembly of claim 3, wherein the centering surface (86) is a countersink and the head (26) of the fastening means is a countersunk head.
    [0005]
    An assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the fastening means (18) is a screw, and the second piece (72) is provided with tapped means (20) defining said first axis (28). .
    [0006]
    An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said abutment means is in the form of an annular flange (92) extending around the cup (80) projecting outwardly therefrom. this.
    [0007]
    An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an axial stop device (96) cooperating with the cup (80) and with the first piece (70) to retain the cup in the first port through (74).
    [0008]
    8. The assembly of claim 7, wherein the cup (80) has a first annular groove (98), and said axial stop device comprises a removable locking member (96) engaged in said first annular groove. 25
    [0009]
    9. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: - the second piece (72) has a contact surface (100) applied against the first piece (70), - the second through hole (76) comprises an enlarged portion (102) opening through said contact surface (100), a portion (104) of the cup (80) extending axially into said enlarged portion (102) of the second through-hole .
    [0010]
    An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a spacer (110) interposed between said first and second pieces (70, 72) and surrounding a portion of the cup (80).
    [0011]
    The assembly according to the combination of claims 8 and 10, wherein the spacer (110) has a second annular groove (112) in which said releasable locking member (96) is partially engaged, so that the spacer ( 110) and the cup (80) hold mutually to the first piece (70).
    [0012]
    Machine, in particular a turbomachine, comprising at least one assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein one of the first and second parts (70) constitutes at least a portion of an annular wall (52). , 54) defining a flow flow channel (56, 48) of the machine, and the other of the first and second parts (72) constitutes at least a portion of a structural housing (60) of the machine or a part of a conduit for the circulation of a fluid. 20
    [0013]
    13. A method of producing an assembly (66) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of: - placing the cup (80) in the first through hole (74) of the first piece (70); - Set up the second piece (72), so that the second through hole 25 (76) is located opposite the first through hole (74); placing the fastening means (18) through the first and second through-holes (74, 76) until a compressive stress is applied between the first and second pieces (70, 72) and securing the clamping of the first piece (70) and the second piece (72), due to a support exerted by the head (26) of the attachment means (18) on the first piece (70) and due to a cooperation of the body (19) of the fastening means (18) with the second piece (72).
    [0014]
    The method of the preceding claim, further comprising a step of activating an axial stopping device (96), whereby said device cooperates with the cup (80) and with the first piece (70) to retain the cup in the first through hole (74). 10
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN106795779B|2020-01-10|
    US20170298775A1|2017-10-19|
    WO2016055747A1|2016-04-14|
    EP3204654B1|2018-12-12|
    FR3027073B1|2017-05-05|
    EP3204654A1|2017-08-16|
    CN106795779A|2017-05-31|
    US10533455B2|2020-01-14|
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    法律状态:
    2015-10-15| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-04-15| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160415 |
    2016-10-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-02-09| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20170717 |
    2018-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-09-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-09-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1459754A|FR3027073B1|2014-10-10|2014-10-10|TWO-PIECE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A REMOVABLE CENTERING CUTTER FOR AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE|FR1459754A| FR3027073B1|2014-10-10|2014-10-10|TWO-PIECE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A REMOVABLE CENTERING CUTTER FOR AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE|
    US15/516,710| US10533455B2|2014-10-10|2015-10-09|Assembly of two parts comprising a removable centring seat for an aircraft turbine engine|
    EP15787259.9A| EP3204654B1|2014-10-10|2015-10-09|Assembly of two parts comprising a removable centering seat for an aircraft turbine engine|
    CN201580054864.4A| CN106795779B|2014-10-10|2015-10-09|Assembly of two parts comprising a removable centring base for an aircraft turbomachine|
    PCT/FR2015/052722| WO2016055747A1|2014-10-10|2015-10-09|Assembly of two parts comprising a removable centring seat for an aircraft turbine engine|
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