• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a machine (10) for producing columns in a soil, of the type comprising a carrier (12) provided with a mast (14) extending in a longitudinal direction; a movable carriage (16) slidably mounted along the mast (14); a soil piercing tool (20), extending along a longitudinal axis parallel to said longitudinal direction and integral with said movable carriage, having an upper end connected to supply means of a construction material, and a lower end provided with an orifice (28) for injecting the first building material; a rotation drive system (18) of the perforation tool (20); and a body (40) extending around the perforating tool (20) so that the perforating tool is slidable through said body. According to the invention, the machine comprises a fastening system (60) in translation and in rotation of the body (40) with the perforation tool (20).
    公开号:FR3026754A1
    申请号:FR1459355
    申请日:2014-10-01
    公开日:2016-04-08
    发明作者:Marie Lebreton；Frederic Masse；Jean-Francois Mosser
    申请人:Soletanche Freyssinet SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of soil improvement techniques and that of deep foundations. In general, soil improvement techniques are intended to consolidate land with a heterogeneous structure, especially when they are inconstructible. Among these techniques, it is known to produce a mesh of rigid structures, commonly called rigid inclusions, in the soil. These structures are made to improve the bearing capacity of the soil and to reduce settlements. The present invention more specifically relates to a machine for producing rigid structures in a soil, and a method using said machine. It is particularly suitable for the realization of such structures known as low ground. This is usually called a low ground structure when the top end of a structure is several meters below the work platform. The techniques known to date for the realization of such structures generally provide that a continuous column is made up to the level of the working platform and that it is retrieved to the level of the desired level, for example using a mechanical shovel when the material is still fresh, or by destruction when the material is already hardened (for example by jackhammer, burst, or by chemical splitting). These different techniques involve several phases of work, which lead to an increase in lead times. They also require the implementation of several different tools. The coppicing on cured material also has problems related to the safety and health of the operators (noise and vibration for the use of jackhammers, projection risk for chemical processes). The coppicing of fresh material involves large-scale excavations that destroy the soil and destabilize the work platform. Patent application FR 2 960 571 of the applicant discloses a machine making it possible to produce with a single tool and in a single phase a mixed column comprising a lower portion forming a rigid structure and an upper ballast portion. This machine comprises a soil perforation tool and a reservoir disposed around the perforating tool, intended to be vibrated for its introduction into the ground, either by the vibration of the perforation tool which it is secured, or by the action of an independent vibrator. Concrete is introduced into the soil by the perforation tool, on a first length, forming the lower portion of the column, and the ballast is discharged into the soil by the tank, during the ascent of the latter.
    [0002] Tests have shown that this machine is not suitable for the realization of structures with low ground, the tank can not be introduced in all the grounds over a sufficient height. It has also been found in use that the vibration of the tank had a detrimental effect on the mast, the sum of the vibrations of the perforating tool and the tank, respectively at the top and bottom of the mast, considerably weakening the machine. OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to provide a machine and a method for producing rigid structures in a floor, in particular low-pile structures, which remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art. This object is achieved with a machine according to the invention comprising: a carrier provided with a mast extending in a longitudinal direction; A mobile carriage slidably mounted along the mast; a soil perforation tool, extending along a longitudinal axis parallel to said longitudinal direction and integral with said movable carriage, having an upper end connected to supply means of a construction material, and a lower end provided with an orifice for the injection of the construction material; a system for rotating the punching tool; and a body extending around the perforating tool so that the perforating tool is slidable through said body; The machine being characterized in that it further comprises a system for securing the body with the perforating tool, configured so that, in at least one configuration, the rotation of the perforating tool causes the rotation of the body and the translation of the perforation tool causes the translation of the body. In the present invention, it is understood that, when the body is secured to the perforating tool, the rotation of the perforating tool is transmitted directly to the body, which can thus be easily introduced into the ground, and this, until at significant depths, and regardless of its diameter. Moreover, the body being secured in translation to the perforation tool, it is not necessary to provide additional means of movement of the body in the longitudinal direction of the mast. The machine therefore has a limited number of components, which simplifies its assembly, and makes it easier to use. It will be understood that the fastening system is capable, in a first configuration, of fastening the perforating tool and the body in rotation about the longitudinal axis in at least one direction of rotation and in translation along the longitudinal axis. , and, in a second configuration, to release said rotational and translational movements. An example of a fastening system that can be used is a bayonet system.
    [0003] The perforation tool and the body can thus be introduced together into the ground in the secured state, and can then be detached so that the perforating tool can penetrate the ground deeper than the body, by sliding through the latter. . The machine according to the invention thus makes it possible to carry out in the ground with a single tooling, in a single phase and with precision, a column comprising a lower portion made with the perforation tool, and an upper portion produced by the introduced body. in the ground. It is understood that the geometric shape of the upper portion of the column corresponds to the geometric shape (imprint) of the body. In particular, the upper portion of the column has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion. The machine according to the invention makes it possible, for example, to form so-called mixed columns, a lower portion of which consists of a first building material and of which an upper portion consists of at least one second building material different from the first.
    [0004] In this case, the first material is usually concrete or mortar, and the second material is generally a filling material such as ballast, aggregates, sand, liquid fill, grout or mortar.
    [0005] The machine according to the invention therefore makes it possible to produce in the ground rigid structures surmounted by a filling material that can be temporary (because intended solely to temporarily seal the borehole formed to produce the structure, and to avoid the pollution of the structure ) or intended to remain in place permanently, especially to form a stress distribution mattress or a column head. It is understood that the base of the structure is then at the junction between the lower portion and the upper portion of the column. The level of the arase, which corresponds to the level of the lower end of the body once introduced into the ground, can thus be determined accurately. Advantageously, the machine thus comprises means for supplying a first building material connected to the upper end of the perforating tool, and means for supplying at least a second material of construction different from the first, connected for example to the upper end of the perforating tool or to the body. The body, rotated, can penetrate the soil to a high depth, including when it has a large diameter. The machine according to the invention is therefore suitable for producing so-called low pile structures. In particular, it makes it possible to produce such a structure with a single tool, in a single phase, and in a safe manner. The machine according to the invention also makes it possible, as will be described hereinafter, to produce mono-material columns, called bi-diameter columns or piles, comprising a lower portion and an upper portion of diameter greater than the lower portion. In this case, the lower portion and the upper column portion are made of the same building material. According to a first embodiment of the invention, the body is not attached to the mast. More particularly, the body is never attached to the lower end of the mast. It is independent of the mast. It is understood that according to this embodiment, the body is not connected directly to the mast, nor is it connected to the mast via an intermediate device attached to the lower end of the mast. The body is only connected to the mast via the perforation tool and the fastening system. With such a configuration, the mast is preserved from vibration forces that could damage it.
    [0006] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the machine further comprises a second rotation drive system, mounted on the mast, configured to drive the body in rotation. The second rotation drive system increases the torque applied to the body, which can be advantageous or necessary, especially when the body must be introduced into the ground to a high depth. In the first embodiment and preferably also in the second embodiment, the means for moving the body in the longitudinal direction of the mast are formed by the perforating tool. In the second embodiment, more particularly, the second rotary drive system is for example mounted on a carriage, itself mounted free in translation along the mast and adapted to be driven in the longitudinal direction of the mast by the body and the punching tool. In other words, there are no other means for moving the body in translation along the mast, in particular mounted on the mast. The rotary perforation tool is advantageously of the type comprising a central core extending along the longitudinal axis and surrounded by a helical blade, forming an auger. According to an advantageous example, the perforation tool is a discharge auger, the penetration into the soil causes a lateral clamping of the soil without vibration or remounting of cuttings along the borehole. The body generally includes a cylindrical outer shell for contacting the ground and extending around the perforating tool. It is understood that when the body and the perforation tool are secured, the rotation of the perforation tool is transmitted to the outer casing of the body, which then rotates in contact with the ground. To facilitate its penetration into the ground, the outer casing carries for example, on its outer face, a helical blade. The outer shell is, for example, in the form of a substantially constant circular section tube.
    [0007] It is sometimes desirable for the upper column portion to have a diameter substantially larger than the lower column portion. This is particularly the case when it is desired to make bi-diameter piles.
    [0008] According to one example, the diameter of the outer casing is at least 1.2 times greater than the diameter of the perforating tool, preferably at least 1.5 times greater than this diameter. In the present application, denotes by diameter of the outer casing its maximum outside diameter.
    [0009] In the same way, the diameter of the perforation tool is defined as its maximum outside diameter. In one example, the body further includes an inner wall disposed between the outer shell and the perforation tool. In the case where it is desired to produce mixed columns, the body 15 may be intended to receive a second construction material, and may be provided at its lower end with an opening for discharging said second material. The space delimited between the outer envelope and the inner wall is then intended to receive the second material before it is discharged through the opening. In one example, the perforation tool further comprises a shutter capable of closing the orifice. Advantageously, said shutter is arranged in such a way that it closes the orifice when the lower end of the perforation tool 25 comes into contact with the lower end of the body. The invention also relates to a method for producing a column in a soil using a machine as defined above, in which: a) the perforation tool is made to penetrate into the soil by rotating them; and the body secured in rotation and in translation, to a first predetermined depth; b) separating the body and the perforating tool; c) the perforation tool is lowered to a second predetermined depth greater than the first; D) raising the perforation tool from said second predetermined depth while introducing a first construction material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool to form the lower portion of the column, and e) the perforation tool and the body are raised.
    [0010] It will be understood that during step a), the displacement of the perforation tool (in rotation and in translation towards the depth of the ground) is effected by moving the mobile carriage along the mast and by actuating the system. rotational drive of the tool, and this displacement of the perforation tool is transmitted to the body via the fastening system. According to an exemplary implementation, the body is only driven in rotation and in translation by the perforation tool. According to another example of implementation, the machine comprises a second rotation drive system, mounted on the mast, configured to drive the body in rotation, and during step a), the body is further driven into rotation by the second rotary drive system. According to an exemplary implementation, during step e), at least one second construction material is poured into the soil by raising the perforation tool and the body. It is understood that the second building material may be different from or identical to the first building material. In the case where the second building material is different from the first, the body may be adapted to receive the second building material, and may be provided at its lower end with an opening for discharging said second building material, so that during step e), the second material is discharged through said opening. In the case where the second building material is identical to the first building material, during step e), the second building material can be discharged through the injection hole of the perforating tool. According to an exemplary implementation, during step d), the perforation tool is moved up to the first predetermined depth and the body and the perforation tool are secured in rotation; then, during step e), the assembly formed by the body and the perforating tool is rotated by rotating them, while pouring into the ground the second building material. In one example, the method may comprise a preliminary step a0) carried out before step a) and intended to decompress the soil if it is too compact, to facilitate the introduction of the body into the soil. During this preliminary step, for example, the perforation tool is first lowered into the ground at least up to the first predetermined depth, and is then raised. In one example, the method comprises a step subsequent to step e), during which at least one reinforcement cage is introduced into the column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below, by way of indication but without limitation, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 represents a machine for producing columns in a soil according to a first embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of the lower part of the machine of Figure 1; FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate the system for securing the perforation tool and the body; FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the operating principle of the shutter disposed at the lower end of the perforation tool; FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e) illustrate the various steps of the method of producing a column, using the machine of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 illustrates a variant of the method described with reference to FIG. 6; Figure 8 shows a mixed column made by the process according to the present invention; FIG. 9A represents a machine for producing columns in a floor according to a second embodiment of the invention; Figure 9B shows in greater detail the second body rotation drive system illustrated in Figure 9A; Figs. 10 (a) to 10 (e) illustrate the various steps of the method of making a column, using the machine of Fig. 9A; FIG. 11 illustrates a two-diameter pile produced by the method according to the present invention.
    [0011] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 shows a machine 10 for producing columns in a floor S according to a first embodiment of the invention.
    [0012] The drilling machine 10 comprises a carrier 12 on which is mounted, generally in an articulated manner, a drillpole 14. On the carrier 12 may also be mounted other equipment such as the control panel of the drilling machine 10. A movable carriage 16 is slidably mounted along the mast 14. This sliding carriage 16 can be moved along the mast 14 by means otherwise known and not detailed here. A rotational driving device (first rotary drive) in the form of a rotation head 18 is mounted on the carriage 16. The rotation head 18 is connected to the upper end of a perforation tool 20, that it is adapted to rotate to perform the perforation of the ground S. For the following, defines a lower end 20b of the perforation tool 20 directed towards the ground in position ready to drill, and an upper end 20a of said tool, directed towards the sky in the same position. The perforation tool 20 comprises a hollow central core 22 extending along a longitudinal axis X parallel to the mast 14 and delimiting a longitudinal pipe, and a cutting tool 26 at its lower end, allowing the cutting of the soil S In the particular example illustrated, the perforation tool 20 is an auger, and more particularly a discharge auger, adapted to perforate the soil without extraction of cuttings. This example is not, however, limiting. The operation of a discharge auger is well known per se, and is therefore not described in detail later. It is simply retained here that the perforation tool 20 comprises a helical blade 24, of substantially constant diameter, extending over a lower portion 30 of the central core 22 (see in particular Figure 3A). In the example, the lower portion 30 is surmounted by an upper portion 32 of greater diameter, for laterally discharging the ground cut by the helical blade 24 during drilling.
    [0013] The upper end 20a of the perforation tool 20 is connected to supply means 34 in a first building material, in this case concrete. The lower end 20b of the perforation tool 20 is provided with an orifice 28 for the injection of the first construction material into the ground S. According to the invention, the machine 10 further comprises a body 40 , here forming reservoir, extending around the perforation tool 20. As is particularly apparent from Figures 2 and 3, the body 40 has a cylindrical outer shell 42 intended to come into contact with the ground S and extending around The outer casing 42 of the body 40 is coaxial with the perforating tool 20 and carries, on its outer face, a helical blade 44, intended to facilitate the penetration, by rotation, of the body 40. in the ground. The diameter of the outer casing 42 is generally at least 1.2 times greater than the diameter of the perforating tool 20. By way of example, the diameter of the outer casing is 600 mm, for a diameter of 1 mm. perforation tool equal to 420 mm. In the example, the body 40 is intended to receive a second building material and comprises an internal wall 46 in the form of a tube disposed inside the outer envelope 42 and defining with it a space ring 48 for receiving said second material, in this case ballast. It is understood that the annular space 48 extends radially between the inner tube 46 and the outer casing 42.
    [0014] The body 40 is provided at its lower end with at least one opening (in this case two) 50 to discharge the second building material. In the example, the lower end of the body further comprises at least one valve (in this case two) 52 sized to cover the opening 50 of the body. In other words, each valve 52 is intended to plug an opening 50.
    [0015] In this case, each valve 52 is pivotally mounted about an axis 54 mounted on the outer casing 42. In the example, each valve is configured to close during the descent of the body 40 because of its support against the ground and to open gravitarily during the ascent under the effect of the thrust of the second material dumped by the corresponding opening 50. In the example illustrated, the upper end of the outer casing 42 is further secured a funnel portion 56 which facilitates the filling of the body 40 with the second construction material. In the illustrated embodiment, the movement of the body 40 is done exclusively by means of the perforation tool 20. The body 40 is not mounted on the mast 14 of the machine 10. It is independent of the mast 14 .
    [0016] The machine 10 is equipped with a securing system 60 to allow the fastening of the body 40 with the perforating tool 20, in rotation and in translation. These securing means 60, the principle of operation of which is better understood by means of FIGS. 3A and 3B, comprise in this case at least a first element attached to or forming an integral part of the perforating tool 20 and at least a second element attached to or integral with the body 40, said elements being adapted to cooperate to form a bayonet connection. In the example, the first element is a lug 62 formed at the periphery of the central core 22. More particularly, the perforation tool 25 here has two lugs, diametrically opposed. The second element is an L-shaped lumen 64 formed in an upper part of the body 40, of which a first branch 66, open at its lower end, extends in the longitudinal direction, and the other 68 forms a housing extending orthogonally. at said first branch 66, in the direction F1 of rotation of the body 40. More particularly, the body here has two diametrically opposite slots 64. Note that the securing means 60 may also take a different form. According to a variant, in particular, the at least one first element may be a light and the at least one second element may be a lug.
    [0017] In the example illustrated, it is easy to understand that in a first position (coupled position) in which each lug 62 abuts against the bottom wall 68c of a housing 68 (pin shown in dotted line in FIG. 3B), perforation tool 20 causes the body 40 in its movement when it is rotated about its axis X in the direction F1. When, at the same time, the perforation tool is moved downstream, that is to say toward the ground, each lug 62 abuts against the upstream wall 68b of the housing 68. perforation tool 10 drives the body 40 in its translational movement. Conversely, in a second position (uncoupled position) in which each lug 62 is extracted from the housing 68 (lug shown in full in FIG. 3B), the central core 22 is entirely free to slide through the body 40 and It can then, as will be described in more detail below, be lowered into the soil S to the desired depth P2 for the column, then back to the body by pouring the first material of construction through its orifice 28. It is noted that in the example, the slots 64 are formed in an upper part of the body 40 configured so that, regardless of the angular position of the central core 20 relative to in the body 40, the lugs 62 abut against said portion in their highest position. It is thus understood that the perforation tool 20 always drives the body 40 in its upward movement along the axis X, the lugs 25 abutting against the body 40. The upper portion in question is here an upper portion of the inner tube 46, of reduced internal diameter. It should be noted that, in the aforementioned upstroke movement, it is desired to stop the pouring of the concrete once the lower end 20b of the tool has come into contact with the lower end 40b of the body 40. To do this, and as illustrated 4 and 5, a shutter 70 is pivotally mounted at the lower end 20b of the perforation tool 20 about an axis of rotation 74. More specifically, the shutter 70 has a surface of stop 72 adapted, when the perforating tool 35 is raised near the body 40, to cooperate with the lower end of the inner tube 46 in a cam mechanism, to cause the rotation of the shutter 70 around the axis 74 after which the latter closes the orifice 28. Thus, the flow of concrete is stopped. With the aid of FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e), an example of the method for producing a mixed column C in a soil S according to the invention using the machine 10 that will be described will now be described. we have just described. In step (a), the carriage 16 is positioned at the top of the mast 14, so that the body 40 and the perforation tool 20, secured, are arranged out of the ground. In step (b), the rotation head 18 is actuated and the carriage 16 is moved towards the lower end of the mast 14 so that the body 40 and the perforating tool 20 penetrate the soil S until at a first predetermined depth P1. The body 40 and the perforation tool 20 are integrally rotated in the direction of the arrow F1. In step (c), the perforation tool 20 is pivoted in the opposite direction by a few degrees, so as to extract the lug 62 from the housing 68 and place it in line with the second branch 66 of the slot 64. The body 40 remains in place, and in particular does not rotate, because of the friction of the ground S against its outer casing 42. The body 40 and the perforating tool 20 are then in their decoupled position. The carriage 16 is then moved along the mast 14 towards its lower end 14b, causing the perforation tool 40 to descend into the ground S to a second depth P2 greater than the first depth P1. In step (d), the carriage 16 is returned to the upper end 14a of the mast 14 so as to raise the perforation tool 20. During the ascent, the shutter 70 is open and concrete B is introduced in the soil through the orifice 28, whereby a lower portion of column C1 is formed. In this step, the body 40 is held down in the ground on the first depth P1, and does not move. As has been seen previously, the shutter 70 closes when the perforation tool 20 is raised to said first depth P1. At this time, the perforation tool 20 is pivoted in the direction of rotation a few degrees so that the lug 62 enters the slot 64 and finally 35 fit into the housing 68. The perforation tool 20 and the body 40 are then secured in rotation and in translation.
    [0018] In step (e), the perforation tool 20 is raised while driving it in rotation. During the ascent of the body 40, the ballast M is poured into the ground through the opening 50 of the body, above the lower column portion C1, so as to form the upper column portion C2. Note that although in the illustrated example, the entire body cavity 40 is filled with the second building material, it is also possible to fill only a part. It is understood that in this case, the upper surface of the second column is located below the surface of the ground. It should also be noted that the upper portion of the column may also consist of several different materials. For example, it may comprise a first section made of ballast and a second section, surmounting the first, made of a less noble material.
    [0019] In the example, at the end of step (e), we obtain the mixed column C shown in FIG. 8, consisting of a lower portion C1 of concrete B, and an upper portion C2 of ballast M The machine 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to produce mono material columns. To do this, during step (d), the perforation tool 20 is raised while pumping the second building material - here concrete - into the soil S so as to form the lower portion C1 of the column. . The concrete may be conveyed by the longitudinal pipe and poured through the orifice 28 located at the lower end 20b of the perforating tool 20.
    [0020] Then, during step (e), the assembly formed of the body 40 and the perforation tool 20 is completely raised while pumping concrete into the soil S so as to form the upper portion C2 of the column. It is understood that in this embodiment, the upper and lower portions are made of concrete, introduced into the ground in a single phase. The concrete can again be conveyed by the longitudinal pipe and then discharged through the orifice 28. It is understood that, in this particular use, the body 40 could be devoid of spill opening 50. In case, it is expected that the shutter 70 remains open to allow pumping of concrete during this ascent phase.
    [0021] To do this, the lower end of the perforating tool protrudes slightly from the lower end of the body so as not to cause the closing of the shutter. According to a particular arrangement, the inner wall 46 could also be omitted. According to another example of implementation, it could be provided, on the contrary, that the concrete is conveyed through the body 40, and poured through the opening 50 provided at the lower end of the body. In some cases, the soil to be perforated, very compact, makes it difficult for the body 40 to penetrate the soil S, in particular when the body 40 has a large diameter and the first depth Pi is high. In this case, a solution according to the invention may consist in carrying out a preliminary step of decompression of the soil S, before penetrating the secured assembly of the body 40 and the perforating tool 20 as described in connection with step (a) above, and continue the implementation with steps (b) to (e). This prior decompression step, illustrated in FIG. 7, consists in descending into the ground, generally at least up to the first depth P1, the perforation tool 20 disengaged from the body 40 (remaining above it, above the surface of the ground), then to reassemble it, before joining the body 40 and the perforating tool 20. FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate a machine 110 according to a second embodiment of the invention, and particularly adapted to the realization of bi-diameters piles. Note that the elements identical or similar to those of the machine 10 of the first embodiment bear the same numerical references incremented by 100. This machine 110 comprises a longitudinal mast 114 attached to a carrier 112, and a carriage 116 sliding on along the mast 114, similar to the carriage 16 of the first embodiment, on which is mounted a first rotational drive system 118 for rotating a perforation tool 120. The machine 110 further comprises a body 140 similar to body 40 of the first embodiment. It should be noted, however, that the length of the body here is larger than in the case of the production of a low-pile structure. The body here has a length of about 6 meters. A securing system 160 between the body 140 and the perforating tool 120, similar to that of the first embodiment, is also provided. The machine 110 according to this second embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that it further comprises a second carriage 180, slidably mounted along the mast 114, below the first carriage 116. In the illustrated example, second carriage 180 carries a second rotary drive system 182, coupled to the body 140. The second rotary drive system 182 here comprises a ring 184 connected to the outer casing 142 of the body 140, for example by welding on its outer surface. The ring is itself connected to a motor 186 driving it in rotation. The body 140 being driven in translation by the perforation tool 120, the carriage 180 is here free to translate along the mast 114 being driven by the body 140. No own drive means in translation of the second carriage 180 n It is understood that the second rotary drive system 182 is intended to act in addition to the perforation tool 120, which, when secured to the body 140, drives it into position. rotation. The torque applied to the body 140 during the drilling phase of the soil is thus increased, allowing easier drilling, especially when the body 140 is of large diameter, when the first depth Pi is high, and / or when the soil is particularly compact. With the aid of FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (e), a method according to the invention for producing a two-diameter pile with the aid of the machine 110 of the second embodiment illustrated on FIG. Figures 9A and 9B. In step (a), the first carriage 116 is disposed at the upper end of the mast 114. The perforation tool 120 and the body 140 are in the up position, out of the ground S, and are secured. In step (b), the perforation tool 120 is rotated and the carriage 116 is lowered to the lower end of the mast 114, driving the assembly formed by the perforating tool 120 and the body 140. secured together with the second carriage 180, integral with the body 140. At the same time, the second rotating head 182 rotates the body 140 in the same direction as the perforating tool 120. The assembly formed by the body 140 and the perforation tool 120 is lowered to the first depth P1. In step (c), the perforation tool 120 and the body 140 are disengaged, and the perforation tool 140 is lowered into the ground S to a second depth P2 greater than the first depth P1. In step (d), the perforating tool 120 is raised to the depth P1, introducing concrete B into the ground, whereby a lower pile portion is formed, and then the perforation tool. 120 and the body 140 are secured (in rotation and in translation). In step (e), the assembly formed by the perforation tool 120 and the body 140 is finally wound up, while still injecting concrete B through the orifice 128 of the perforating tool, so as to form the upper portion of the pile. Optionally it is possible, in an additional step (f), and while the concrete is not yet hardened, to introduce in the first 20 and / or the second column portion at least one reinforcing cage 190, intended to strengthen the stake. For example, it is possible to have at least in the first column portion a first reinforcement cage having a first diameter, and in the second column portion a second reinforcement cage having a larger diameter. In this case, the second reinforcement cage may possibly surround an upper portion of the first reinforcement cage. It is also possible to have in the first and second column portions a single cage of variable diameter reinforcement. After hardening of the concrete, a concrete double-diameter pile C 'is obtained, as illustrated in FIG. 11, having a lower portion C1' and an upper portion C2 'of greater diameter, reinforced by metal reinforcements. It is understood that in this second embodiment, the openings 50 and the valves 52 of the body can be omitted. In this case, it is also provided that the shutter 70 remains open by allowing the lower end of the perforation tool to protrude slightly out of the body.
    [0022] Note however that the machine according to this second embodiment can be used in the same way for the production of mixed columns, and in particular for the production of low-pitched concrete structures, surmounted by a temporary embankment, as described in FIG. connection with the first embodiment.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Machine (10, 110) for producing columns in a floor (S), comprising: a carrier (12, 112) having a mast (14, 114) extending in a longitudinal direction; - a movable carriage (16, 116) slidably mounted along the mast (14, 114); a soil perforation tool (20, 120), extending along a longitudinal axis (X) parallel to said longitudinal direction and integral with said movable carriage, having an upper end (20a, 120a) connected to feeding means a building material, and a lower end provided with an orifice (28, 128) for injecting the building material; a system for rotating the perforation tool (18, 118); and - a body (40, 140) extending around the perforating tool (20, 120) so that the perforating tool is slidable through said body; said machine being characterized in that it further comprises a fastening system (60, 160) of the body (40, 140) with the perforation tool (20, 120), configured so that in at least one configuration the rotation of the perforation tool (20, 120) causes the body (40, 140) to rotate and the translation of the perforation tool (20, 120) causes the body (40, 140) to be translated.
    [0002]
    2. Machine (10, 110) according to claim 1, wherein the securing system (60, 160) is a bayonet system.
    [0003]
    Machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the body (40) is not attached to the mast (14).
    [0004]
    The machine (110) of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second rotational drive (182), mounted on the mast (14,114), congested to drive the body (140) in rotation.
    [0005]
    Machine (10, 110) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the perforation tool (20, 120) comprises a central core (22, 122) extending along the longitudinal axis (X ) and surrounded by a helical blade (24, 124).
    [0006]
    Machine (10, 110) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the body (40, 140) comprises a cylindrical external envelope (42, 142) intended to come into contact with the ground and extending around the perforation tool (20, 120).
    [0007]
    The machine (10, 110) according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the outer shell (42, 142) is at least 1.2 times greater than the diameter of the perforation tool (20, 120), preferably at least 1.5 times greater than this diameter.
    [0008]
    8. Machine (10, 110) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the outer casing (42, 142) carries a helical blade (44, 144) on its outer face.
    [0009]
    Machine (10, 110) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the body (40, 140) further comprises an inner wall (46, 146) disposed between the outer casing (42) and the outer casing (42). perforation tool (20, 120).
    [0010]
    10. Machine (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the body (40) is intended to receive a second building material, and is provided at its lower end with an opening (50). for discharging said second building material.
    [0011]
    11.Machine (10, 110) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the perforation tool (20, 120) further comprises a shutter (70) adapted to close the orifice (28, 128). .
    [0012]
    Machine according to claim 11, wherein said shutter (70) is arranged in such a way that it closes the orifice when the lower end of the perforating tool (20, 120) comes into contact with the end lower body (40, 140).
    [0013]
    13. A method of producing a column in a soil with the aid of a machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: a) is made to penetrate the soil by rotating the tool of perforation (20, 120) and the body (40, 140) secured in rotation and in translation, to a first predetermined depth (P1); b) disengaging the body (40, 140) and the perforation tool (20, 120); c) the perforation tool (20, 120) is lowered to a second predetermined depth (P2) greater than the first (P1); d) raising the perforation tool (20, 120) from said second predetermined depth (P2) while introducing a first construction material into the soil through the end port (28, 128). lower part of the perforation tool (20, 120); and e) raising the perforation tool (20, 120) and the body (40, 140).
    [0014]
    The method according to claim 13, wherein, in step e), at least one second building material is poured into the soil by raising the perforation tool (20, 120) and the body (40, 140). ).
    [0015]
    15. The method of claim 14, wherein during step e), said at least one second construction material is poured through the orifice (28, 128) of the perforation tool (20, 120). 302 6 754 22
    [0016]
    The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the body (40, 140) is adapted to receive the at least one second building material, and is provided at its lower end with an opening (50, 150). ) for discharging said second building material, and during step e), pouring the second material through said opening (50, 150).
    [0017]
    17. A method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, comprising prior to step a) a step a0) in which the perforation tool (20, 120) is first lowered into the ground at least until at the first predetermined depth (P1), and then back up. 15
    [0018]
    The method of any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the machine comprises a second rotation drive system (182), mounted on the mast (14, 114), configured to drive the body (140) into rotation, and in step a), the body is rotated by the first rotational drive system (18,118) and the second rotational drive system (180).
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    BE496140A|
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3002371A1|2016-04-06|
    US20160097177A1|2016-04-07|
    US9624638B2|2017-04-18|
    PL3002371T3|2017-12-29|
    FR3026754B1|2016-12-02|
    EP3002371B1|2017-06-28|
    HUE034523T2|2018-02-28|
    CA2906244A1|2016-04-01|
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    EP1878833A1|2006-07-12|2008-01-16|Compagnie du Sol|Mixing tool for treating a portion of soil|
    FR2960571A1|2010-05-27|2011-12-02|Soletanche Freyssinet|MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLUMNS IN A SOIL|
    US3604214A|1968-08-16|1971-09-14|Lee A Turzillo|Means and method of making columnar structures in situ|
    US3512366A|1969-02-14|1970-05-19|Lee A Turzillo|Method for forming cast-in-place reinforced concrete pile|
    US3690109A|1970-03-16|1972-09-12|Lee A Turzillo|Method and means for producing pile or like structural columns in situ|
    US3886754A|1973-07-27|1975-06-03|Lee A Turzillo|Method of extending augered pile cavity through rock or like obstruction|
    JPH0452333B2|1985-03-12|1992-08-21|Nit Co Ltd|
    US6183166B1|1999-04-01|2001-02-06|Verne L. Schellhorn|Method of centrifugally forming a subterranean soil-cement casing|
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    ITUB20159641A1|2015-12-18|2017-06-18|Soilmec Spa|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HANDLING AND MUTUAL ASSEMBLY OF SEGMENTS OF AN EXCAVATION BATTERY, FOR EXAMPLE SEGMENTS OF PROPELLER OR ROD.|
    FR3078739B1|2018-03-09|2020-03-27|Soletanche Freyssinet|DRILLING MACHINE COMPRISING A CONNECTION DEVICE FOR A VERTICALITY MEASURING DEVICE|
    US10889955B2|2018-07-30|2021-01-12|Schnabel Foundation Company|Cutting tool adapter and method of underpinning structures using cutting tool adapter for soil mixing|
    FR3097588A1|2019-06-21|2020-12-25|Soletanche Freyssinet|Machine for drilling a soil covered with a porous layer, and corresponding method|
    CN110374097A|2019-07-26|2019-10-25|北京中岩大地科技股份有限公司|The construction method for improving bearing capacity of pile foundation is stirred based on major diameter|
    US11051795B2|2019-07-31|2021-07-06|Covidien Lp|Tissue retrieval bag|
    US11253240B2|2019-09-10|2022-02-22|Covidien Lp|Tissue specimen retrieval devices|
    US11172949B2|2019-10-07|2021-11-16|Covidien Lp|Tissue specimen retrieval devices|
    WO2021092437A1|2019-11-08|2021-05-14|Ojjo, Inc.|Systems, methods, and machines for automated screw anchor driving|
    US11160543B2|2020-02-13|2021-11-02|Covidien Lp|Magnetic suture tab for free standing specimen bag|
    US11224413B2|2020-02-19|2022-01-18|Covidien Lp|Retrieval device with bag release mechanism|
    WO2021211065A1|2020-04-13|2021-10-21|Seafco Public Company Limited|Pile installation system and method|
    US11246613B2|2020-05-15|2022-02-15|Covidien Lp|Actuation mechanisms for tissue specimen retrieval devices and tissue specimen retrieval devices incorporating the same|
    法律状态:
    2015-09-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-04-08| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160408 |
    2016-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1459355A|FR3026754B1|2014-10-01|2014-10-01|MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLUMNS IN A SOIL|FR1459355A| FR3026754B1|2014-10-01|2014-10-01|MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLUMNS IN A SOIL|
    CA2906244A| CA2906244A1|2014-10-01|2015-09-25|A machine and a method for making columns in ground|
    US14/868,504| US9624638B2|2014-10-01|2015-09-29|Machine and a method for making columns in ground|
    PL15187924T| PL3002371T3|2014-10-01|2015-10-01|Machine and method for building columns in a floor|
    HUE15187924A| HUE034523T2|2014-10-01|2015-10-01|Machine and method for building columns in a floor|
    EP15187924.4A| EP3002371B1|2014-10-01|2015-10-01|Machine and method for building columns in a floor|
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