• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A computer-implemented performance calculation method for an aircraft is disclosed comprising the steps of collecting data from a plurality of data sources including avionics-type data sources and non-standard data sources. external avionics; process the collected data in an EFB electronic device or electronic flight bag; and perform the performance calculation. Developments describe the extraction of data from images or audio streams; handling of alarm type data, INOP, aircraft status, air conditioning and anti-icing, runway, ATIS, meteorological and / or NOTAM; interfaces with an FPS or flight planning system and / or a CMS or centralized maintenance system. System and software aspects are described. 131 words
    公开号:FR3023912A1
    申请号:FR1401621
    申请日:2014-07-18
    公开日:2016-01-22
    发明作者:Francois Fournier；Reun Heloise Le；Marc Boyer
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of avionics and in particular that of the performance calculation for aircraft. STATE OF THE ART The "performance calculation" for an aircraft, for example an aircraft, refers to the set of operations consisting in calculating a certain number of values required for the flight or the mission. This calculation, for example, may include determining or verifying the value of take-off speed, speed limit, take-off weight, runway length at take-off or landing, and so on. The calculations are made using charts or generally using on-board computers and / or specialized software, mainly during the preparation of the flight or mission. In detail, depending on the specific context associated with each aircraft, the airport context specific to each airport and other flight environment variables, the input data to be used for the performance calculation, may differ substantially, making the calculations complex. Existing solutions for establishing the performance calculation have limitations, defects, slowness, under-optimizations and consequently increase the risk of errors.
    [0002] In particular, the existing solutions require or require many manual operations, generally tiresome and unnecessarily tiring, on the part of the pilot. For example, the manipulation of documentation in paper form slows down operations significantly. There is a need for methods and systems that improve this performance calculation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION There is disclosed a computer implemented performance calculation method for an aircraft, comprising the steps of collecting or receiving data from a plurality of data sources, which sources include data sources of avionics type and non-avionic data sources (e.g., external data sources); process the collected data in an EFB electronic device or electronic flight bag; and perform the performance calculation (strictly speaking, the terminology is dedicated). In a development, the step of collecting data comprises a step of acquiring one or more images in the cockpit of the aircraft, said cockpit comprising one or more display screens, and a step of extracting data from at least one image acquired in the cockpit. For example, a screen may be a Multi Purpose Display Unit (MCDU). The extraction of data (for example textual) can be done by "scraping" (confer below). Data such as text, numeric values, cursor or dial positions, etc. can be extracted. In a development, the step of collecting data includes a step of extracting data from an audio stream. For example, it will be possible to recognize the speech in an audio stream, then to the text transcription of this audio stream. This extraction from an audio stream (for example emitted by the airport) can be done in addition (or substitution) of the step of extracting data from images. In a development, the data collected includes one or more alarm type data, INOP, aircraft status, air conditioning and anti-icing, runway, ATIS, meteorological and / or NOTAM. In one development, the processing step includes one or more operations among data interpretation, filtering, and conversion operations. In a development, the avionics data sources are transmitted by the interface equipment of the aircraft from data derived from an FPS (or flight planning system or "Flight 20 Planning System") and / or a CMS (or Centralized Maintenance System). In one development, the external data sources are transmitted by one or more ground servers and the external data including meteorological data and / or NOTAM records. In a development, external data sources also include data from the Internet (for example, local weather data).
    [0003] In a development, the operation of interpretation of the data collected is done using a model of avionics protocols. In a development, the conversion operation of the collected data is carried out by means of a predefined conversion file. In a development, the step of performing the performance calculation is preceded by the receipt of a correction or validation of one or more data by the driver for performance calculation. A computer program product is disclosed, said computer program comprising code instructions for performing the steps of the method according to any of the steps of the method, when said program is run on a computer. There is disclosed a system comprising means for carrying out one or more steps of the method. According to one aspect of the invention, the various data relevant to the performance calculation are advantageously centralized (in particular the aircraft status data, alarms, weather, NOTAM, weight, track, weight, ATIS). In another aspect of the invention, the data is appropriately distributed and verified: the relevant data is selected and processed to optimize performance calculation. Advantageously, embodiments optimize the driver's cognitive load, which is relieved of a number of tedious tasks and may instead focus on more critical intellectual tasks for the flight. For example, the tasks of identification and management by the pilot of the specific context of a flight are facilitated (the data allowing the calculation are searched for and integrated into the performance calculation).
    [0004] Advantageously, embodiments establish a direct link between the performance calculation function and the various data associated with the airplane context, the airport context and the context of the flight environment. Advantageously, the solution makes it possible to directly take into account the airplane context information or alarms, the airport information and the weather information and to inform the pilot quickly of the correct input data for his calculations. Advantageously, the driver decreases its data input load and can focus only on data verification. According to one aspect of the invention, the security and integrity of the data are advantageously managed. Certain embodiments indeed make it possible to create a gateway or an advantageous articulation between a rather "open" environment, that is to say a non-certified environment (eg EFB, Flight 15 Planning System) and a rather "closed" avionics environment. 'ie certified and regulated (FMS, interface equipment). DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Various aspects and advantages of the invention will appear in support of the description of a preferred mode of implementation of the invention, but without limitation, with reference to the figures below: FIG. overall technique of the invention; Figure 2 shows an overview of the method according to the invention; Figure 3 details some aspects of the method according to the invention.
    [0005] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Certain terms and technical environments are defined below. An "Electronic Flight Bag" acronym or acronym EFB corresponds to embedded electronic libraries. Generally translated as "electronic flight bag 5" or "electronic flight bag" or "electronic flight tablet", an EFB is a portable electronic device and used by flight personnel (eg drivers, maintenance, cabin ..). An EFB can provide flight information to the crew, helping them to perform tasks (with fewer papers). In practice, it is generally a commercial computer tablet. One or more applications allow the management of information for flight management tasks. These general-purpose computing platforms are intended to reduce or replace paper-based reference material, often found in the "Pilot Flight Bag" hand luggage and which can be tedious to handle. Reference paper documentation usually includes flight manuals, navigation charts, and ground operations manuals. These documentations are advantageously dematerialized in an EFB. In addition, an EFB can host software applications specially designed to automate manually conducted operations in normal times, such as, for example, take-off performance calculations (limit speed calculation, etc.). Different classes of EFB material exist. Class 1 EFBs are portable electronic devices (PEDs), which are not normally used during take-off 25 and landing operations. This device class does not require a specific certification or authorization administrative process. Class 2 EFB aircraft are normally located in the cockpit, e.g. mounted in a position where they are used during all phases of flight. This class of devices requires prior authorization for use. Class 1 and Class 2 devices are considered portable electronic devices. Class 3 fixed installations, such as computer media or fixed docking stations installed in aircraft cockpits generally require approval and certification by the regulator.
    [0006] The acronym or acronym FMS corresponds to the English terminology "Flight Management System" and refers to the "flight management system" of an aircraft. In particular, the acronym designates the on-board computer. During the preparation of a flight or during a diversion, the crew proceeds to enter various information relating to the progress of the flight, typically using a flight management device of an FMS aircraft. An FMS comprises input means and display means, as well as calculation means. The acronym or acronym FPS corresponds to the English terminology "Flight Planning System" and refers to the "flight planning system" of an aircraft. This system manages in particular the fuel consumption and the ATC (Air Traffic Control) requirements. The acronym HMI corresponds to "Human Machine Interface" (HMI). The input of the information and the display of the information entered or calculated by the display means constitute such a man-machine interface. In general, the HMI means allow the entry and consultation of flight plan information. The term "Centralized Maintenance System" acronym CMS, denotes a centralized maintenance system, which ensures in particular the maintenance of an aircraft on the ground, maintenance which comprises various stages, including in the first place intelligence by the personnel on board a logbook, or "Logbook" according to the English term, listing all the alarms, anomalies, or other events recorded by the crew during the flight. The maintenance staff have different sources of documentation generally dispersed, and several levels of documents detailing the procedures and the different individual tasks to be carried out. Some alarms may have an impact on performance calculation.
    [0007] The term "NOTAM", in English "Notice To Airmen", designates a type of message intended for the aircrew. NOTAM notices are generally messages published by the air navigation control systems in order to inform the pilots of developments on the infrastructures. Lin NOTAM can be published when a ground installation is modified, for example to inform or notify of the presence of obstacles (for example a crane or construction zones) near an airport. More generally, a NOTAM can inform about any danger to air navigation. It can also define prohibited areas of overflight. During the preparation of a flight, the pilot must consult these messages. The term "INOP" corresponds to the alarms issued by the Flight Warning System. Some alarms may have an impact on the performance calculation. The term "ATC", in English "Air Traffic Control" refers to the control of air traffic. Air traffic control is one of three types of air traffic services. It is delivered by air traffic controllers to aircraft to assist in the safe, rapid and efficient performance of flights. It aims to prevent collisions between aircraft or between an aircraft and an obstacle. It also involves speeding up and ordering air traffic. The term "ATIS", in English "Automatic Terminal Information Service", is an automatic terminal information service. This service usually loops important information about a given airport (congestion problem, track condition, etc.). Figure 1 illustrates the overall technical environment of the invention. Avionics equipment or airport means 100 (for example a control tower in connection with the air traffic control systems) are in communication with an aircraft 110. An aircraft is a means of transport capable of evolving within the atmosphere. earthly. For example, an aircraft may be an airplane or a helicopter (or a drone.) The aircraft comprises a cockpit or a cockpit 120. Within the cockpit are 121 (so-called avionics equipment) flying equipment, comprising for example, one or more on-board computers (means for calculating, storing and storing data), including an FMS, means for displaying or displaying and for data input, communication means, as well as (possibly The EFB can be on board, in a portable manner or integrated into the cockpit, and the EFB can interact (two-way communication 123) with the avionics equipment 121. The EFB can also be in communication. with external computing resources, accessible by the network (eg cloud computing or "cloud computing" 125. In particular, calculations can be done locally on the EFB or 20 partial or total in the calculation means accessible by the network. The on-board equipment 121 is generally certified and regulated while the EFB 122 and the connected computer means 125 are generally not (or to a lesser extent). This architecture makes it possible to inject flexibility on the EFB 122 side by ensuring a controlled security on the onboard avionic side 121. Several EFBs can be embedded. Figure 2 shows an overview of the method according to the invention. In one embodiment, the method is implemented in whole or in part on one or more EFB 200 type systems. In particular, an EFB 200 may include an application (or function within an application) "Performance Calculations" 201 which can access or contain one or more databases 202, for example an "airport" database or an "obstacle" database. In general, all the data can be collected / received (and processed) automatically, for example in the EFB, relieving the driver of tedious tasks. To do this, two data sources are combined: "airplane" systems and "ground" systems. The EFB 200 may be connected to the "aircraft" interface equipment 210, which is the on-board operational system, which may seek and / or access and / or process different sources of information (Aircraft Systems 220). These sources of information may in particular comprise: information of the "airplane context" type, mainly via the Flight Warning System function 221 or from the display screens 15 - information from the Centralized Management System (CMS) 222. The EFB 200 may also be connected or in communication with the airport facilities, or "ground" systems, for example the ground servers 211. Through this channel, the EFB may retrieve additional information, so as to supplement or supplement or correct 20 or to amend the information coming from the on-board operational systems: - meteorological type information 223; from the meteorological information, the state of the tracks, the wind or the temperature can be determined is taken into account in the calculation of performances; For example, the aircraft status information can be amended according to the NOTAM information and the meteorological information.
    [0008] From the airplane data, the "Performance Calculations" function can determine the "INOPs", and from the NOTAM information, it can determine the modifications to be made to the "obstacles" database. From the ATC data the application can determine the track chosen for the calculation. From the digital loadsheet, the application can determine the weight of the aircraft. From ATIS data pre-processed on the ground or digital ATIS, the application can determine the state of the track. The driver can validate or correct one or more data or information or values or selections as entered for the performance calculation. Once all the values or information have been verified or validated, the performance calculation can be performed or performed. Specifically, in a particular embodiment, the "Performance Calculations" function of an application installed on the EFB retrieves the "aircraft status" and the associated alarms, meteorological information 15 as well as NOTAM notices. The data is then proposed to the pilot for verification and / or validation to perform the performance calculation itself. Regarding the data collection mode 316, a particular embodiment is described below. A "scraping" operation is an extraction of information by means of the acquisition of one or more images, and the subsequent processing of these images. The operation refers to an operation for retrieving or capturing information on a digital object, said retrieval or capture being not originally provided by the digital object. For example, this retrieval of information may include acquiring one or more images and then recognizing characters within the captured images. Such an "opportunistic" operation of recovery or evasion or capture of information makes it possible to establish a link between certified avionics systems (that is to say, among other things controlled and regulated, rather closed, whose computer security is comparatively more controlled or at least monitored) and non-avionic systems (non-certified open systems, more prone to computer attacks but correlatively whose evolutions are faster). Remarkably, the information retrieval or capture operation is one-sided: information retrieval takes place from avionics systems to open systems (not the other way around). For example, no data and / or non-avionics programs are injected into the avionics systems (or in a controlled manner). In the present avionics context, several embodiments are described. In one embodiment, the pilot or the co-pilot or other flight crew triggers an acquisition of images, for example by means of the electronic tablet EFB equipped with a camera. The shot is then analyzed, cut off, and the captured information is extracted from the image. Pre-established knowledge of the type of captured image allows for specific recognition. For example, an alarm displayed on the FWS will be in a pre-established and known format. As a result the capture of information will be optimized. In a variant, the shooting will be of video type (that is to say acquisition of a succession of still images, the large number of captured images allowing in particular an optimization of the capture of information and / or a robustness to the movements of the user carrying the image acquisition means, according to another embodiment, the image acquisition means are fixedly mounted in the cockpit of the aircraft. the capture or the retrieval of information can be carried out continuously According to another embodiment, the image acquisition means can correspond to cameras or video cameras fixed on virtual or augmented reality helmets. Another extraction means corresponds to the extraction of data from an audio stream, by speech recognition ("speech-totext") In this case, the "Alarms" information is available on the screen. pilot visualization, and so It is also available via the Multipurpose Display Unit (MCDU) located in the cockpit of the aircraft, for example by consulting the reports of the centralized maintenance computer. Air Conditionning and Anti-Ice data are often buttons in the cockpit or information available on the on-board instrumentation screen views. The data concerning the active tracks (for example the direction of take-off) is communicated in airport information called ATIS and accessible on screen MCDU or visualization. The track and input data are provided by radio, that is, in non-visual form. In this case, the data extraction can still take place by voice recognition, transcription and processing of the transcribed text data. The information concerning the weather of the runway is generally communicated in the airport information called ATIS and are accessible on screen MCDU or visualization. Figure 3 details some aspects of the method according to the invention. One or more EFB type apparatus 300 interact with several data sources, for example aircraft alarm data 311, air conditioning data and anti-icing systems 312, input and intersection type track data 313, meteorological data 314 and NOTAM data 315. The EFB searches for and / or interprets and / or manipulates 301 these data, so as to transmit them to one or more software applications (or application functions) installed within the EFB. as for example an application or function "Logbook" 303, an application or function "Maintenance" 304, or even - and precisely - an application "Performance calculation" 305. This last application or function leads in whole or in part the operations of manipulation of data 301, which includes (non-exhaustive list) collection and / or interpretation operations (eg using avionics protocol template s) and / or addition (the EFB can supplement data) and / or filtering and / or conversion. Materially, these logic operations are enabled by hardware computing means 306, random access memory or non-persistent memory 307, input / output I / O 308 network type or HMI (input devices or audio-visual reproduction) and mass storage 309. The hardware means can be implemented locally and / or via remote access. For example, at least a portion of the computing and / or storage means may be accessible by means hosted in the network ("cloud computing" or "cloud computing") modulo latency requirements, which themselves can be optimized. The traffic can be encrypted.
    [0009] The display means 308 may in particular comprise one or more screens (for example tactile), and / or one or more projectors (including laser), and / or one or more virtual and / or augmented reality headsets, and / or a or a plurality of haptic feedback means (eg force feedback), and / or securing means (eg fingerprint or biometric authentication or smart card, and / or image acquisition means (eg digital camera or video camera), and / or data entry means (eg real or virtual keyboard or voice dictation or pen writing recognition) Details concerning the data processing are described below.
    [0010] Regarding the processing of "INOP items" (alarms 311), the aircraft system (Flight Warning) transmits on the avionics bus (for example A429) the report of the alarms. The aircraft interface equipment retrieves data from the avionics bus and transmits them to the EFB (via USB or Ethernet). The EFB retrieves the data, interprets the avionics protocol and retrieves the alarms (code + message). The EFB filters the alarms that have an impact on the performance calculation (for example by means of an alarm file having an impact on the performance calculation). The EFB converts the alarm data into "INOP items" data (for example by means of an alarm conversion file, including a code and a message, in "INOP items"). The EFB then completes the input file of the performance calculation module. Regarding the data processing "Air Conditioning & Anti-Ice" 312, the aircraft system transmits on the avionics bus (A429) or by discrete the status of air conditioning systems and anti-ice. The aircraft interface equipment retrieves data from the avionics bus and transmits them to the EFB (via USB or Ethernet). The EFB retrieves the data, interprets the avionics protocol and retrieves the statuses. The EFB converts the status of aircraft systems into the input status of the calculation (for example by means of a status conversion file). The EFB then completes the input file of the performance calculation module. Concerning the processing of runway data, two solutions can be considered. According to a first solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits to the aircraft systems the information of runway and inputs / intersections. The aircraft interface equipment retrieves data from the avionics bus and transmits them to the EFB (via USB or Ethernet). According to a second alternative solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits to the ground server administering the different EFBs the track information and inputs / intersections for the flights of the company. The ground server administering the EFBs then determines the EFB (s) concerned to transmit the data to them (for example by means of a database associating the flights with the EFBs). The EFB retrieves the data (interprets the avionics protocol if necessary) and retrieves the track / entry / intersection information for the flight concerned. The EFB converts the alarm data to the input data of the calculation (for example by means of a track / input / intersection information conversion file). For the meteorological data processing, the data can be of two categories. "Airport Weather" data includes, for example, wind direction and speed, temperature, and local pressure. "Track Weather" data includes track conditions (eg "dry", "snow"). Two data collection solutions can be considered. According to a first solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits to the aircraft systems the weather information. The aircraft interface equipment retrieves data from the avionics bus and transmits them to the EFB (via USB or Ethernet). According to a second solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits to the ground server administering the EFBs the weather information for the flights of the company. The ground server administering the EFBs determines the EFB (s) concerned and transmits the data to them. With either alternative, the EFB retrieves the data (interprets the avionics protocol if necessary) and retrieves the Airport Weather and Track information for the flight concerned. The EFB then converts the airport and runway weather data according to the selected runway into the input data of the calculation (possibly using runway data processing information and / or a weather information conversion file). ). Lastly, the EFB completes the input file of the performance calculation module Concerning the processing of NOTAM data (Notice To Airmen), the records may include input data relating to the airport, its type, the runway, the beginning and end of the track. Two data collection solutions can be considered. According to a first solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits NOTAM information to the aircraft systems. The aircraft interface equipment retrieves data from the avionics bus and transmits them to the EFB (via USB or Ethernet). According to a second solution, the ATC or the airport or the company transmits to the ground server administering the EFBs the information of NOTAM for the flights of the company. The ground server administering the EFBs determines the concerned EFB (s) and transmits the data to them. With either alternative, the EFB retrieves the data (interprets the avionics protocol if needed) and retrieves the NOTAM information for the flight concerned. The EFB analyzes and filters the NOTAMs to take into account those concerning the selected track (for example by means of track information "Track data processing"). The EFB then converts the NOTAM data into input data of the calculation in relation to the airport database used by the calculation module (for example by means of an airport database). The EFB completes the input file of the performance calculation module. The present invention may be implemented from hardware and / or software elements. It may be available as a computer program product on a computer readable medium. The support can be electronic, magnetic, optical or electromagnetic.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A computer implemented performance calculation method for an aircraft, comprising the steps of: - collecting data from a plurality of data sources comprising avionics-type data sources and non-avionics-type data sources external; - process the data collected in an EFB electronic device or electronic flight bag; - perform the performance calculation. 10
    [0002]
    2. The method of claim 1, the step of collecting data comprising a step of acquiring one or more images in the cockpit of the aircraft, said cockpit comprising one or more display screens, and a step of extracting data from at least one acquired image in the cockpit. 15
    [0003]
    The method of claims 1 or 2, the step of collecting data comprising a step of extracting data from an audio stream.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, the collected data comprising one or more alarm type data, INOP, aircraft status, air conditioning and anti-icer, runway, ATIS, meteorological and / or NOTAM.
    [0005]
    5. The method of claim 1, the processing step comprising one or more operations among operations of interpretation, filtering and data conversion. 25
    [0006]
    6. The method of claim 1, the avionics data sources being transmitted by the aircraft interface equipment from data from an FPS or flight planning system and / or a CMS or centralized maintenance system. .
    [0007]
    7. The method of claim 1, the external data sources being transmitted by one or more ground servers and the external data including meteorological type data and / or NOTAM notices.
    [0008]
    8. The method of claim 1, the external data sources further comprising data from the Internet.
    [0009]
    9. The method of claim 5, the operation of interpreting the collected data being effected by means of a model of avionic protocols.
    [0010]
    10. The method of claim 5, the conversion operation of the collected data being effected by means of a predefined conversion file. 15
    [0011]
    11. The method of claim 1, the step of performing the performance calculation being preceded by the receipt of a correction or validation of one or more data by the driver for the performance calculation.
    [0012]
    A computer program product, said computer program comprising code instructions for performing the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 11, when said program is run on a computer.
    [0013]
    13. System comprising means for carrying out one or more steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 1
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1401621|2014-07-18|
    FR1401621A|FR3023912B1|2014-07-18|2014-07-18|PERFORMANCE CALCULATION FOR AIRCRAFT|FR1401621A| FR3023912B1|2014-07-18|2014-07-18|PERFORMANCE CALCULATION FOR AIRCRAFT|
    EP15176331.5A| EP2975362B1|2014-07-18|2015-07-10|Performance calculation for an aircraft|
    US14/803,042| US10109117B2|2014-07-18|2015-07-18|Aircraft performance computation|
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