• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for cutting multiple objects in a sheet material using a press, comprising in particular a grooved and perforated matrix and a movable set of punches and knives. This device allows the cutting of several identical objects to each other in a single cutting operation. This invention is particularly intended for cutting and pre-cutting multipacks of plastic pots in a strip of previously thermoformed material. The main characteristic of the invention consists in that the grooves are interrupted at the level of the openings and that they cover the openings only over a length specified by the invention. This invention allows a significant increase in the quality of the cut edges and an improvement in the control of the cutting process, in particular by removing the pins appearing on the cut objects and dust on the cutting station.
    公开号:FR3022818A1
    申请号:FR1401541
    申请日:2014-06-30
    公开日:2016-01-01
    发明作者:Stephane Goulard
    申请人:Sogameca SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention is in the field of press tools for cutting according to the method known as punch-matrix or knife-matrix, and particularly relates to the geometry of cutting tools used for cutting and precut on grooved matrix of multiple objects in a sheet material.
    [0002] The cutting of a sheet material is often performed with a press-mounted device and having sharp-edged members movable towards each other. In the case of punch-die cutting, these cutting edge members are composed, on the one hand, of a shaped punch corresponding to the perimeter to be cut and, on the other hand, of a fixed die having a corresponding aperture. to the perimeter to be cut. The geometry of the aperture is combined with that of said punch to obtain the desired cut-out shape. In the case of knife-groove cutting, these cutting edge members are composed, on the one hand, of a knife of shape corresponding to the open perimeter to be cut, most often a straight segment, and, on the other hand, a fixed die having a groove. The geometry of the groove is conjugated to that of said knife to obtain the desired cutting line. Vertical movement of the moving tool through the sheet positioned at the surface of the die allows shearing / incising cutting of the material. The cutting edge of the moving tool moves beyond the sheet and enters the aperture or the groove of the die to a depth called penetration depth. The cutting edge of the moving tool and that of the die are separated by a horizontal cutting set. Process parameters - clearance, depth of penetration, knife angle, hardness of tool materials, moving tool speed - influence cutting forces, cut edge quality and tool life. tools. The case of knife-anvil cutting also exists. In this case, there is no penetration of the moving tool. The moving tool advances to the breaking of the sheet or to contact with the surface of the matrix-anvil.
    [0003] The cutting tools are fixed on a column block typically comprising a bottom rail, a top rail, columns and stops allowing vertical linear relative movement of the knives and punches.
    [0004] The movement of moving parts and the force required for cutting result from the action of a press. The cutting edges and the surfaces coming into contact or friction with the sheet or with another tool surface are called the active parts.
    [0005] For cutting multiple objects, a device comprising a fixed matrix with perforations arranged at regular intervals on the one hand, a set of punches and knives fixed on a movable tool-holder plate on the other hand, and a column block ensuring the linearity of the movement of the tools and the geometric accuracy of the device is used in such a way that many identical objects can be cut in a single operation. This cutting technique is very often used, for example in cutting stations integrated in automated high speed food packaging thermoforming machines. These machines are used to form, fill, seal and cut jars of yogurt, compote, water, or other drinks or foods. A description of this type of machine can be found in [EP0351290]. In this example, the punches and openings are generally star-shaped and the knives are placed between the points of the stars. These shapes and this arrangement corresponds to a cutting strip plan that allows the production of yogurt packs, for example 2 x 2, 2 x 3, or 2 x 4 pots, etc. the pots having a rounded angle thanks to the star shape which is punched. A description of this type of pack can be found in [EP1706445]. In order to manufacture the products described in this example given for information only, the setting of the height of the knives makes it possible to define the cutting lines which delimit the pack of yogurt pots, and also the precut lines where the plastic sheet is only incised. , that is to say that the thickness of the sheet is only partially cut, which ensures the secability of the pots constituting the same pack. Two versions of this type of device exist. In the case of the first version, the cut (and the precut) is performed on anvil. In this case, the mastery of the advance of the moving tools is particularly delicate to avoid contact between the cutting edge of the knife and the surface of the upper plane of the matrix and also the premature wear of the tools. Control devices for the position and the force applied to the knives are necessary as those described in [EP2448728]. In the case of the second version, the cutting (and pre-cutting) is performed on a groove. As described below, the present invention relates to this version. A description of this type of cut can be found in [FR2443386] and [EP0615910]. Typically, the materials used are thermoplastic polymers, in particular polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polylactic acid (PLA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-alcohol vinyl (EVOH), polyethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Multilayer packaging materials are also used. They may be composed of several layers of different polymers or of several layers of the same type of polymer. In the latter case, the structuring of the material can also make it possible to have several layers of different densities. The total thicknesses of the sheets are typically between 0.5 millimeters and 2 millimeters. The following description of the state of the art shows that cutting defects appear directly related to the geometry of the matrix. In the case of cutting multiple objects on a grooved die, the grooves are continuous over the entire length of the die. The profile of the groove opens on the opening associated with the wedge shape of the cut pot. The cutting edge on the contour of the aperture is not entirely localized on the upper plane of the matrix. In other words, the contour of the opening for maintaining the band during cutting is not complete. This is the case for the geometry of the matrix described in [EP0615910] already mentioned above. This geometry is consecutive to the machining method usually adopted. This consists of using the grinding to make continuous lines from one side of the matrix through the already machined holes. In fact, the geometry of the matrix, which must be combined with that of the moving tools, is achieved by machining, for example by milling or turning, rectification, and by various electroerosion processes. The plastic sheet is not supported in the area above the junction of the groove and the ajour. This results in significant deformations of the material cut in this area. This area may have characteristic defects such as "pins" on the underside of the sheet or plastic wires. These defects result from the configuration "whistle" of the cut, that is to say that the angle between the sheet and the punch is no longer 90 °. Cutting dusts can also be observed on the cutting station. Such defects on the finished product are sometimes difficult to accept. This is particularly the case for food packaging intended for infant feeding. This is also the case if the dimensional tolerances or the surface appearance is very important for the finished product, for example in the field of smart cards or electronics. In general, the requirements for the quality of the cut edges can be very important. The presence of dust resulting from cutting can also be a problem, especially in the food industry or in the medical field where health requirements are important.
    [0006] The object of the invention is to propose a device in which the geometry of the matrix for cutting and precutting multiple objects comprising openings and grooves makes it possible to eliminate the recurrent defects of cutout appearing at the junction between the openings. of the matrix and the groove. The invention discloses a device for cutting multiple objects in a sheet material by means of a press: having a die with sharp edges with perforations arranged at regular intervals and grooves between the openings and connecting the in days ; comprising a set of punches with sharp edges and knives, disposed in a geometry conjugated to that of the die with a cutting clearance between the cutting edges of the knives and punches and those of the die; allowing a linear relative movement of the knives and punches to the die and ensuring the cutting and pre-cutting of several objects by penetration of the edges of the punches and knives in the die, all in a single cutting operation. The main characteristic of the invention consists in that the grooves are interrupted at the openings and that the grooves only open partially into the openings, each of the grooves covering one of the openings to a shorter length L, for example to the radius of the groove. ajour having a circular shape or more complex, or less than the half-diagonal of the openwork having a rectangular or square type of shape. The invention thus makes it possible to completely make the outline of the aperture at the level of the upper plane of the matrix and to maintain the sheet to be cut during the cutting operation. This modification of the geometry makes it possible to improve the cut by significantly reducing the deformation of the material in the area where the recurring defects appear with a matrix according to the state of the art.
    [0007] The necessary continuity between the edges of the knife and the punch requires that the groove debouch in the ajour. The invention therefore proposes that the groove covers the aperture over a precise length, this length being specified by the invention. Tests on the plastics mentioned above show that the defects typically observed with the groove dies of the state of the art are eliminated if the overlap length is less than a length L defined by a function f inverse to the elongation at break A of the material of the sheet characterized in standard tensile test. L = f (1 / A) The following ranges for L were determined for thermoplastic sheet thicknesses between 0.7 and 1.8 millimeters. Lengthening (%) L (mm) 1 - 5 0.3 - 5 5 - 10 0.1- 0.3 10 - 30 0.05 - 0.1 50 - 200 0.01 - 0.05 The invention therefore proposes that the geometry in the junction zone between the groove and the 'ajour is characterized by the lap length L and the outline of the ajour. The invention also proposes that the geometry at the end of the groove for the connection between the stop of the groove not participating in the cutting and the stop (the contour) of the aperture consists of a radius for not mark the underside of the leaf.
    [0008] The invention also proposes that the edges of the groove defined by the invention which do not participate in cutting, ie those which are not part of the outline of the pot, have a rounding so as not to mark the surface of the plastic sheet, which would be in tension in contact with a sharp stop if the rounding was not carried out.
    [0009] The validations of the beneficial effect of the invention were carried out under industrial conditions and according to the preferred embodiment described below. The embodiment of the invention has made it possible to eliminate the cutting defects appearing with a matrix according to the state of the art, namely: pinch, fine dust and coarse dust. This invention allows a significant increase in the quality of the cut edges and an improvement in the control of the cutting process which will also guarantee the longevity of the cutting edges and increase the tool life. The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly with reference to the appended figures, a brief description of which is given below by way of indication.
    [0010] Figure 1 shows schematically a cutting tool according to the state of the art. FIG. 2 diagrammatically represents the principle of cutting in the punch-die configuration, grooved knife-matrix, and knife on anvil according to the state of the art. Figure 3 schematically shows the geometry of a matrix for cutting multiple objects with openings and grooves according to the state of the art, the corresponding band plane and a pot pack formed. Figure 4 schematically shows the defect typically observed on pots cut with a matrix according to the state of the art. FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents the groove and the aperture according to the state of the art, in a view from above and a view of the profile of the height of the cutting edge of the die. FIG. 6 diagrammatically represents the groove and the aperture according to the general principle of the present invention, with a view from above and a view of the profile of the height of the cutting edge of the die.
    [0011] Here is presented in detail the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings cited above. The advantages of the invention will also appear clearly in comparison with the description of a device according to the state of the art. Figure 1 shows schematically the typical environment of the device. The matrix (1), comprising the openings (2) and grooves (3), is fixed on a lower cross member (4). The knives (5) and punches (6), arranged in conjunction with the geometry of the die (1), are fixed on a tool plate (7). According to the state of the art, the knife attachment system (5) on the tool plate can contain a device for adjusting the height of the knife to make the choice between cutting and pre-cutting for each of the knives (5). The tool plate is fixed on the top rail (8). The columns (9) ensure the verticality of the movement of the moving parts. The stops (10) allow the movement of the moving tools to stop depending on the penetration depth chosen. FIG. 2.a schematically represents the elements of the device for cutting the sheet of material (11) in the configuration where the punch (6) can penetrate into the aperture (2) of the die (1), the sheet being sheared between the stop (12) of the contour of the ajour (2) and the stop (13) of the punch, the waste (14) falling into the ajour (2) and being evacuated. In FIG. 2.b, the knife (5) can penetrate into the groove (3), the sheet being sheared between the edge (15) of the knife (5) and the stop (16) of the groove (3). . In this example, the groove (3) has a triangular section. The stop (17) of the groove (3) does not participate directly in the cutting. The stop (13) (15) of the punch (6) or the knife (5) is separated from the stop (12) (16) of the opening (2) or the groove (3) by a clearance ( j) horizontal. In FIG. 2.c, in the low position, the punch (6) has penetrated into the opening (2) over a chosen depth of penetration (p). Fig. 2.d schematically shows the device for anvil cutting of the sheet (11) in the configuration where the stop (15) penetrates into the sheet (11) to a depth corresponding to a vertical clearance (18) between the stop (15) and the upper plane (19) of the matrix. This type of cutting is not used by the device according to the invention. FIG. 3.a schematically represents the band plane chosen to cut out and pre-cut 12 objects (20), such that in fact two sets (21) of six objects (20) are produced, each of the objects in one of the sets being precut so that it can then be separated manually. Here we want to form objects (20) with a corner (23) cut (chamfer). Figure 3.b shows schematically the geometry of the matrix (1) corresponding to the band plane of Figure 3.a. We can see the cells (35) where are placed the previously shaped pots, the openings (2) placed periodically, and the grooves (3) here as described in the state of the art. According to the band plan, the openings (2) have the form of a square. FIG. 3.c schematically represents one of the two sets (21) cut along the strip plane of FIG. 3a and cut with the aid of the matrix of FIG. 3b, where the cut objects (20) are pots of yogurt previously shaped by thermoforming in the sheet (11) of polymers. FIG. 4.a schematically represents the band plane and indicates the zones (24) at which a defect (22) as shown in FIG. 4.b is present when the cutting is performed with a device comprising a matrix ( 1) according to the state of the art. Figure 4.b schematically shows an object (20) cut with a device according to the state of the art where the defect (22) having the shape of a pin is present on the cut edge. It can clearly be seen here that the corner (23) of the cut object (20) will have a shape corresponding to the shape of the aperture (3) of the matrix (1) described by the strip plane.
    [0012] Figure 5 schematically shows the top view of an aperture (3) with the grooves (2) of width (I) according to the state of the art. The defect (22) described in Figure 4 is caused by the fact that the sheet is not supported in the region (24) of junction between the groove (2) and the ajour (3). Figure 6 schematically shows the top view of an aperture (3) with the grooves (2), according to the principle of the invention. The grooves (2) are interrupted at the openings (3). The grooves (2) only partially cover the opening (3). It can be seen that a groove (2) covers the opening (3) only over the length (L) defined by the invention. Thus the zone (24) of junction between the groove (3) and the aperture (2) is filled by an element of material whose geometry is constrained by the stop (12) of the contour of the aperture (3) and by the length (L) described by the invention. Polystyrene (PS) is the most used material for the packaging of thermoformed pots. With a standard tensile test (ISO 527) it can be characterized that this material has an elongation at break of between 5% and 10%. According to the present invention, a matrix (1) is produced with a length (L) of the order of 0.2 millimeters. The preferred embodiment of the invention also proposes that the end of the groove has an end radius for the connection between the edge (25) of the groove not participating in the cut and the edge (26) of the end. of the groove, the value of this radius of curvature being of the order of magnitude of the width (I) of the groove. The preferred embodiment of the invention also proposes that the ridges (25) (26) have a rounding of between one tenth of a millimeter and one millimeter. These two geometrical features make it possible not to mark the underside of the plastic sheet which is in tension and friction with these edges during cutting. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the matrix (1), the knives (6) and the punches (5) will be made of martensitic stainless steel manufactured according to a conventional metallurgical process or from the powder metallurgy, and ensuring a compromise between the corrosion resistance required for agrifood applications and the mechanical resistance. The manufacture of the matrix (1) will typically be carried out by flow in a martensitic stainless steel plate. The cells (35) will be roughened and finished by milling. The openings (3) will be milled and finished by electroerosion. The setting of the thickness of the matrix (1) will be carried out by plane grinding. The grooves (2) will be made by sinking EDM. Polishing, deburring and final cleaning will also be done. Various heat treatments will be carried out during the manufacturing process: normalization, quenching and tempering. The person skilled in the art knows that the heat treatments carried out must ensure a difference in hardness standard HRC between the punches (6) and knives (5) on the one hand and the matrix (1) on the other hand, the latter having to have in general, some points of hardness less. The matrix (1), the knives (5) and the punches (6) also have the geometric elements (holes, etc.) necessary for their attachment to the column block described in FIG.
    [0013] To ensure the wear resistance of the invention at the junction between the groove (2) and the aperture (3) and also for the cutting edges (12) (13) (16) (17), a Chromium nitride hardening deposit will be carried out by physical evaporation under vacuum, this deposition being carried out at low temperature so as not to modify the hardnesses obtained after the heat treatment of income.
    [0014] All machining and assembly operations must be performed in the rules known to those skilled in the art with a precision necessary to control the parameters of the cut, in particular cutting sets (j) typically between 0.005 millimeter and 0.1 millimeter, and the penetration depth (p) typically between zero and a few millimeters. The preferred embodiment which has just been described is particularly intended for a high-speed cutting device adapted to a press at the end of an automated machine for thermoforming, filling, and sealing of packs of jars of food products. In some cases, these positions may allow the selection, automated or not, of the height of the knives. These presses can be adapted to cutting processes in one or more steps. It can easily be envisaged that this invention is applied in a configuration of the tools where it is the matrix (1) which is movable and the set of punches (6) and knives (5) which is fixed. Similarly, it can easily be envisaged that this invention is carried out in a mode where the die (1) is located in the upper position and all the knives (5) and punches (6) is located in the lower position. It is readily conceivable that this invention is realized by considering a strip plane in which the forms of perforations (3) and punches (6) represent a four-pointed star, a round or other simple planar geometrical shapes. It can easily be envisaged that this invention is achieved by considering triangles instead of quadrilaterals for the shape of the cut objects. In this embodiment, the shapes of the openings (3) and punches (6) may be triangles, rounds, three-pointed stars or other simple geometric shapes. For applications that do not require a resistance to corrosion, the invention may be made of non-stainless tool steels. The hardening coating may also be of the type comprising other hard metal nitrides, hard metal oxides, metal oxynitrides or carbides. The invention can be directly applied to the thermoplastics used in the food package described above, after determining their breaking elongations by a standard tensile test already mentioned. The invention can be directly applied to harder materials - thermoset polymers, composites with thermoplastic polymers and reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers, ductile metals such as copper-based alloys or alloys based on aluminum, or magnesium - after determining their breaking elongations by a standard tensile test already mentioned. It is easy to envisage that some of the different embodiments presented can be combined.
    [0015] The industrial applications of the invention are obvious given the description of the state of the art, the principle of the invention and the embodiments envisaged.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. The embodiments of the invention, for which an exclusive right of ownership or privilege is claimed, are defined as follows: Device for cutting multiple objects (20) in a sheet material (11) with the aid of a press, of the type: comprising a matrix (1) with cutting edges (12) (16) with openings (2) arranged at regular intervals and grooves (3) located between the openings (2) and connecting the openings ( 2); comprising a set of punches (6) and knives (5) with sharp edges (13) (15) disposed in a geometry conjugate to that of the die with a cutting clearance (j) between the cutting edges (12) ( 13) (15) (16) knives (5) and punches (6) and those of the die (1); allowing a linear relative movement of the knives (5) and punches (6) to the die (1) and ensuring the cutting and pre-cutting of several objects (20) by penetration of the punches (6) and knives (5) into the die ( 1), all in a single cutting operation, characterized in that the grooves (3) of the matrix are interrupted at the openings (2) and that the grooves (3) only partially open into the openings (2) , each of the grooves (3) covering one of the openings (2) to a length (L) less than the radius or half-diagonal of the opening.
    [0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) of overlap of the groove (3) on the aperture (2) is between 0.01 millimeter and millimeter.
    [0003]
    3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) covering the groove (3) on the aperture (2) is between 0.01 millimeter and 0.05 millimeter.
    [0004]
    4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) of covering the groove (3) on the aperture (2) is between 0.05 and 0.1 millimeter.
    [0005]
    5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) covering the groove (3) on the aperture (2) is between 0.1 and 0.3 millimeter.
    [0006]
    6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) of overlap of the groove (3) on the aperture (2) is between 0.3 and 5 millimeters.
    [0007]
    7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the end of the groove (3) is curved with a radius of curvature of the order of the width of the groove.
    [0008]
    8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 i, characterized in that the edges (25) (26) of the groove which do not participate directly in the cut have a radius of radius between 0.1 and 1 millimeter.
    [0009]
    9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the active parts have undergone a chromium nitride hardening surface treatment by deposition by vacuum evaporation at low temperature.
    [0010]
    10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the active parts have undergone hardening surface treatment of carbide type, metal oxide or hard metal nitride.
    [0011]
    11. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is used for cutting and pre-cutting thermoplastic polymer sheet materials, including polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , polystyrene (PS), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) , polyethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), or polymethyl methacrylate (PUMA).
    [0012]
    12. Use according to claim 11, for cutting sheets of polymers having several layers, in particular of different polymers, or of several layers of different densities of the same polymer.
    [0013]
    13. Use of the device according to one of claims 10 or 11, for cutting a sheet of polymers (11) previously shaped in the form of packaging for the food industry by a thermoforming process, in particular under the shape of pots.
    [0014]
    14. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in the cutting of composite sheet materials composed of polymers and reinforcing fibers.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3022818B1|2016-06-03|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2443386A1|1978-12-09|1980-07-04|Applic Plastique Mec Elec|Stamping press to cut prepacked containers from film - number stamped out is adjustable by moving specific areas|
    EP0615910A1|1993-02-18|1994-09-21|G. WACHSMUTH & CO. WERKZEUGBAU GmbH|Apparatus for cutting out one or more cups out of a plastic web|
    EP2690189A1|2011-03-25|2014-01-29|Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.|Steel plate with excellent durability for band-shaped die-cutting blade, and band-shaped die-cutting blade|ES2730120A1|2018-05-07|2019-11-08|Ind Tecnologicas De Mecanizacion Y Automatizacion S A|PACKING CUTTING DEVICE |
    ES2730090A1|2018-05-07|2019-11-08|Ind Tecnologicas De Mecanizacion Y Automatizacion S A|CONTAINER PRESSURE DEVICE |
    EP3566834A1|2018-05-07|2019-11-13|Industrias Technológicas de Mecanización y Automatización, S.A.|Container cutting die|
    ES2786824A1|2019-04-10|2020-10-13|Ind Tecnologicas De Mecanizacion Y Automatizacion S A|MULTIPACK AND MACHINE FOR ITS MANUFACTURE |
    法律状态:
    2015-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-01-01| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160101 |
    2016-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-05-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-06-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-01-02| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-03-13| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20200206 |
    2020-06-05| RN| Application for restoration|Effective date: 20200427 |
    2020-06-12| FC| Favourable decision of inpi director general on an application for restauration.|Effective date: 20200430 |
    2020-06-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-05-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1401541A|FR3022818B1|2014-06-30|2014-06-30|IMPROVEMENT TO TOOLS FOR GROOVED MATRIX CUTTING OF MULTIPLE OBJECTS IN SHEET MATERIAL|FR1401541A| FR3022818B1|2014-06-30|2014-06-30|IMPROVEMENT TO TOOLS FOR GROOVED MATRIX CUTTING OF MULTIPLE OBJECTS IN SHEET MATERIAL|
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