• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for real-time monitoring of the operating state of a capacitive sensor capable of being mounted on a rotating machine, and connected to an electronic measurement module via a high frequency transmission line, this method comprising the steps of: - generation within the electronic module of a compensation signal in parasitic effects capacity of the transmission line and the sensor, - generation within the electronic module of a compensation signal in effect conductance interference from the transmission line and the sensor, - taking a signal representative of the capacitance compensation and a signal representative of the conductance compensation so as to determine a point of operation of the sensor, - analysis of the operating point to check if it is in a predetermined area.
    公开号:FR3022342A1
    申请号:FR1455403
    申请日:2014-06-13
    公开日:2015-12-18
    发明作者:Christian Neel；Nicolas Billiard
    申请人:Fogale Nanotech SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] - 1 - "Method of real-time monitoring of the operating state of a capacitive sensor." The present invention relates to a method for monitoring the operating state of a capacitive sensor. It finds a particularly interesting application, but not only in the measurement of blade passages in a rotating machine or a turbomachine such as a turbojet engine or an airplane turboprop, or an electric generator turbine, for example. The invention is of a broader scope since it can be applied to any system using a capacitive sensor under very difficult environmental conditions. During operation of the turbomachine, it is known to mount a capacitive sensor on the housing. US2010268509 discloses an electrode constituted by the rotor and a counter-electrode constituted by the housing, in particular the inner layer of the housing including several sheets. In general, it is possible to measure non-intrusively in real time in a rotating machine or a turbomachine the passages of the blades to extract the clearance between the housing and the head of the blade and the vibrations of the blade. 'dawn. These two pieces of information, play and vibrations, are key information about the state of life of dawn, ie its mechanical integrity. They can be monitored in real time over the entire operating life of the machine, including blade status monitoring (BHM for "Blade Health Monitoring"). It is known that the capacitive measurements under these conditions are strongly affected by the electrical losses of line, due to the electrical impedance of the transmission line. Document JP2006170797 describes a principle of compensation of parasitic elements of the transmission line. The document FR2784179 describes a system for compensating the leakage currents of the transmission line by producing feedback loops from signals representative of capacitance and conductance compensation. - 2 - However, just like its environment, crankcase, dawn, tracking, the non-intrusive sensor used for measurement of play and vibrations evolves over time depending on the thermal and mechanical loads that apply to it in operation .
    [0002] The present invention aims to monitor in real time the state of the sensor. The present invention also aims to perform diagnostics on the risk of performing unreliable measurements.
    [0003] At least one of the objectives is reached with a method for real-time monitoring of the operating state of a capacitive sensor that can be mounted on a rotating machine and connected to an electronic measurement module via a transmission line. high frequency.
    [0004] According to the invention, this method comprises the steps of: - generation within the electronic module of a compensation signal in parasitic effects capacity of the transmission line and the sensor, - generation within the electronic module of a conductance compensation signal for parasitic effects of the transmission line and the sensor, - sampling of a signal representative of the capacitance compensation and a signal representative of the conductance compensation so as to determine an operating point of the sensor, - analysis of the operating point so as to check whether it is in a predetermined zone. Depending on the implementation modes, the predetermined area may be wider than, or less wide than, or similar to, a normal temperature related operating area.
    [0005] The rotary machine may comprise, in particular, a turbomachine such as a turbojet engine or an airplane turboprop, or an electric generator turbine. With the method according to the invention, a real-time monitoring of the state of life of the capacitive sensor is provided, which can thus be completely integrated in an optimized overall management of the measurement chain. An so-called active technology is advantageously used insofar as the electronic module implements a conversion of the physical signal into an analog signal as well as capacitance and conductance compensations for spurious effects of the measurement system.
    [0006] The invention is particularly clever, but not only, in that the compensating signals are used as parameters for monitoring the state of life of the sensor beyond the simple verification of its temperature. Indeed, such a sensor bathes in a very hostile environment related to high temperatures, the variation of these temperatures, but also to moisture and other pollutants. While compensation signals are generally used only for compensation, the present invention takes advantage of their presence to develop a surveillance and diagnostic policy. To do this, we consider the space of capacitance and compensating conductance values, that is to say a two-dimensional space having abscissa and ordinate capacitance and conductance values, or vice versa. Then a tolerance zone is determined, said predetermined zone in which the sensor is operational. Outside this predetermined zone, it is considered that the sensor is faulty for various reasons. An operating point is a point in the space of compensation values. It is known that the operating point follows an evolution as a function of temperature. It is expected that the predetermined zone is preferably substantially wider than the temperature dependent evolution curve. This means that other elements of failure are taken into account in addition to the temperature. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the method may also comprise a step of triggering an alarm signal when the operating point is outside the predetermined zone. This may be an all-or-nothing check to warn an operator that the current operating point is obtained with a non-operational sensor. Advantageously, the method according to the invention may comprise a step of analyzing the evolution of the operating point in order to deduce a diagnosis. This evolution can be concretized by a trajectory and / or a speed and / or an acceleration. With the present invention, the operating point is analyzed.
    [0007] But we also analyze its evolution over time so as to deduce a number of lessons such as for example the type of defect or risk as discussed below. By following the evolution over time of the compensations, it is possible to make a diagnosis of the state of life of the sensor during its use. In the case of capacitive measurement, this can be done by following the evolution of the conductance and capacitance compensation. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the predetermined zone is defined from temperature limit values. of the sensor and / or the transmission line, and capacitance and conductance limit values representative of at least one of the following parameters: sensor electrode short circuit, break or short circuit of the connection between the electronic module and the sensor, crack of a ceramic contained in the sensor.
    [0008] Thus the development of the predetermined zone is made from many parameters obtained by experiment or by calculation from the resistances and parasitic capacitances of the measurement chain. These parameters are directly related to the sensor. In addition to the above, the predetermined zone can be further defined from capacity and conductance limit values representative of at least one of the following parameters of the transmission line: breaking of connection means to the mass, breaking means of connection to a guard. These parameters are directly related to the transmission line. It is thus possible to diagnose faults due to the transmission line or the sensor, and what type of failure. By way of nonlimiting example, several parameters and their influence in the determination of the predetermined zone can be cited. For example, a risk factor related to the electrode short-circuit of the sensor is determined when the operating point tends towards values of conductance and saturation capacitance. It is therefore relatively easy to deduce a risk of evolution towards a short-circuit fault by analyzing the fact that the operating point evolves towards maximum values of capacitance and conductance. One can also determine a risk factor related to a ceramic crack of the sensor when the operating point evolves towards increasingly higher conductance values. A large variation of the conductance value independently of the variation of the capacitance value can thus predict embrittlement of the ceramic constituting the sensor. It is also possible to determine a risk factor related to a high sensor temperature as the operating point evolves towards increasingly higher conductance and capacitance values. It is also possible to determine a risk factor related to a high temperature of the transmission line as the operating point changes to higher and higher negative conductance values in absolute value and higher and higher positive capacitance values. . Finally, it is possible, for example, to determine a risk factor related to a rupture of connecting means to the mass of the transmission line when the operating point evolves towards increasingly lower conductance and capacitance values. The ground connection means may simply be grounded connectors. It is also possible to determine a risk factor related to a break in means of connection to a guard of the transmission line when the operating point evolves towards higher and higher capacitance values. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, each measurement made by the capacitive sensor may be accompanied by the determination of said operating point; the measurement being validated only when the operating point is within the predetermined zone. This is a monitoring process that can be automatic so that only measurements made in good conditions are taken into account. Preferably, there is provided a step of emitting an audible and / or visual signal when the operating point is outside the predetermined zone.
    [0009] The invention also provides the use of the method as described below, for measuring the passage time of the blade tips in a rotating machine. It also provides a capacitive measuring chain comprising: - a capacitive sensor adapted to be mounted on a rotating machine, - an electronic measuring module, and - a high frequency transmission line connecting the sensor to the electronic module. According to the invention, the electronic module is configured to carry out a real-time monitoring of the operating state of the sensor by the steps of: generating a compensation signal in the parasitic effect capacitance of the transmission line and the sensor, - generation of a conductance compensation signal of parasitic effects of the transmission line and of the sensor, - sampling of a signal representative of the capacitance compensation and a signal representative of the conductance compensation in a manner to determine a point of operation of the sensor, - analysis of the operating point so as to check whether it is outside a predetermined zone.
    [0010] According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the transmission line may comprise a triaxial or coaxial cable. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the capacitive measuring chain may comprise a capacitive sensor of the triaxial or coaxial type. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description of an embodiment which is in no way limitative, and the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of an active measuring chain adapted to the implementation of the invention, FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic view of the integration of the diagnostic method according to the invention in an active measurement chain; FIG. 3 is a curve illustrating the predetermined area for a coaxial sensor, and FIG. 4 is a curve illustrating the predetermined area for a triaxial sensor. Although the invention is not limited thereto, a measuring chain comprising a capacitive sensor mounted on a casing of a turbomachine for measuring the passage time of the blade tips will now be described. The aerodynamic, thermal and mechanical stresses of the operating turbomachine can modify the reliability of the sensor, thus distorting the measurements. In the context of a general monitoring of the state of the blades, it is necessary to also take into account the evolution of the state of the sensor. The implementation of the invention will be described in relation to an embodiment of a capacitive detection chain implementing an automatic compensation of capacitances and leakage conductances as described in the document FR2784179. Of course, the invention can be implemented with other embodiments of a capacitive detection chain that implements a capacitance compensation and leakage conductances. For the sake of clarity and brevity, FIG. 1 and the description therein below are essentially taken from this document FR2784179. With reference to FIG. 1, the capacitive measuring chain comprises an input circuit CE and a capacitive measuring circuit CMC. The input circuit CE essentially comprises a capacitive sensor 1, a high frequency transmission line 2 and a transformer 3 connected to a high frequency voltage source 4. In the embodiment shown, the capacitive sensor 1 is of the triaxial type and comprises first, second and third concentric electrodes 11, 12 and 13. The first electrode is a central measuring electrode 11, of the order of a few millimeters in diameter, for example. The electrode 11 has a free end which is arranged opposite a part A connected to a reference potential such as the mass M of a device including the part A, directly or by parasitic capacitances specific to the device. The distance 3 between the end of the measuring electrode 11 and the part A is to be measured. For example, the part A is constituted successively by the blades of a turbine rotating about an axis perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, along the arrow F. The distance 3 is the variable clearance, of the order of a millimeter, between the ends of the blades A passing successively in front of the central electrode 11. The variation of the game 3 generates a low frequency signal of which variations in amplitude from one period to the next vary little, each period corresponding to the passage of a respective blade. The low frequency signal amplitude-modulates a frequency carrier Fo to a modulated signal having a variable amplitude as a function of the clearance. The second electrode 12 surrounds the first electrode 11 and constitutes a guard electrode. The third electrode 13 is a shielding electrode connected to the mass M and surrounding the electrode 12 and constitutes the cylindrical metal body of the sensor 1. The front face of the sensor body is fixed in a hole of the revolution housing CT, by cylindrical or conical example of the turbine. The parasitic impedance values, both at the sensor 1 and at the connecting line 2, are variable with the temperature, and the 1-step chain must be very tolerant for these variations in capacitance and resistance. The connecting line 2, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, comprises a triaxial cable section with three concentric conductors 21, 22 and 23 respectively connected to the electrodes 11, 12 and 13 of the sensor 1. In general, the connecting cable comprises a rigid triaxial cable LTR typically of a few meters in length one end is welded directly to the sensor, and a flexible triaxial cable LTS whose length can be from a few meters to a few tens of meters. The connecting cable may also include a coaxial cable section on the electronics side. According to other embodiments, the capacitive sensor 1 may be of the coaxial type. In this case it comprises only a first measuring electrode 11 and a third shielding electrode 13 connected to the ground M. In this case, the connecting line 2 is a coaxial cable which comprises two concentric conductors 21 and 23 respectively. connected to the electrodes 11 and 13 of the coaxial sensor 1. A significant difference between the coaxial and triaxial sensors is that the loss impedances in the coaxial sensors are more dependent on the temperature. Depending on the applications, it may be useful to minimize this dependency, or to increase it voluntarily. The AC voltage source 4 is a high frequency oscillator HF, driven by a quartz at a carrier frequency Fo, and amplitude-controlled so as to improve the generated carrier waveform and to guarantee the constancy of the characteristics of the carrier. the measuring chain. The carrier, which is a sinusoidal bias voltage, is applied by the oscillator 4 to the sensor 1 through the transformer 3. In the embodiment shown, this carrier typically has an amplitude of the order of a few volts to 10 volts. effective, and a frequency Fo of the order of the MHz. The oscillator also provides two reference voltages in phase and quadrature: VR p = VR sin (cot) and VRQ = VR sin (cot + n / 2) with co = 27 [F0 the pulse of the RF carrier. The voltages VR p and VRQ 25 are used to drive synchronous detectors and to generate active compensation voltage signals necessary for the operation of the capacitive measuring circuit CMC. In the input circuit CE, the transformer 3 has a primary connected to output terminals of the oscillator 4 producing the carrier Vo sin (cot) 30 of frequency Fo and a secondary, constituting a floating source connected by a part of the sensor 1 through the connecting line 2 and secondly to the inputs of a charge amplifier 5 included in the measuring circuit CMC. As will be seen in the following, the connecting line may be of the triaxial or two-wire shielded or coaxial type; a conductor of the connecting line connects the measuring electrode 11 to the inverting input (-) of the amplifier 5 through the secondary of the transformer 3. A shielding conductor of the connection line connects to the less the shielding electrode 13 of the sensor 1 to the ground terminal M. The charge amplifier 5 is an operational amplifier 30 whose output is connected in feedback to the inverting input (-) through a capacitor of feedback 51 of capacitance C51 and a feedback resistor 52 in parallel, and through a phase lock loop described hereinafter. The servocontrol loop comprises a bandpass filter 61 and an amplifier 62 connected in cascade to the output of the charge amplifier 5, as well as two parallel channels between the output of the amplifier 62 and the inverting input (- ) of the charge amplifier 5. The channels are assigned to phase (P) and quadrature (Q) signal processing. Each channel comprises in cascade a synchronous detector 7, 7, an integrator 8, 8, a multiplier 9, 9Q and a reference capacitor Cp, CQ with reference capacitor CR. The channel comprising the synchronous detector 7, the integrator 8p, the multiplier 9p and the reference capacitor Cp make it possible to compensate for the reactive part of the loss impedance of the sensor 1 and of the connection line 2.
    [0011] The channel comprising the synchronous detector 7, the integrator 8, the multiplier 9Q and the reference capacitor CQ makes it possible to compensate for the resistive portion of the loss impedance of the sensor 1 and of the connection line 2. This loss impedance can be modeled globally as parasitic capacitance and resistance in parallel between the inverting input (-) of the charge amplifier 5 and the ground M. The bandwidth AF of the filter 61 is centered on the frequency Fo of the oscillator 4 and has a width typically set at about 300 kHz. The amplifier 62 is a unit gain amplifier-follower and produces a filtered and amplified SFA voltage signal whose amplitude varies inversely with the set 3 in the sensor 1. This signal is applied to the two synchronous detectors 7p and 7q which are driven by the phase and quadrature reference voltages VRp and VRQ provided by the oscillator 4. The synchronous detectors 7p and 7q are phase detectors which amplitude-demodulate the filtered and amplified voltage signal SFA into two component signals in phase and in quadrature Sp and SQ, one of which, Sp, is used to measure the set J. The low frequency component signals Sp and SQ are respectively integrated in the integrators 8p and 8q into a phase voltage Vp and a quadrature voltage VQ to stabilize the servo loop. The voltages Vp and Vq coming out of the integrators are applied to first inputs of the two multipliers 9p and 9q of multiplication factor K so as to multiply the voltages Vp and Vq respectively by the reference voltages VRp = Vp sin (2cot) and VRQ = Vp sin (2cot + n / 2) applied to second inputs of the multipliers. The amplitude modulated signals [K Vp Vp sin (2cot)] and [K Vp Vp sin (2cot + 7c / 2)] produced by the multipliers 9p and 9q are fed back to the inverting input (-) of the amplifier of charge 5 via the reference capacitors Cp and CQ with suitable phases and added to the measurement signal transmitted by the sensor 1 via the transformer 3 in order to obtain the stability of the servocontrol.
    [0012] Given the very large amplification factor at low frequencies provided by the integrators, the average value of the ER error signal at the output of the amplifier 5 and therefore the average values of the signals Sp and SQ are kept zero. The phase current flowing through the sensor 1 and having the amplitude (VID C13co) is compensated by the current flowing through the phase capacitor Cp, having the amplitude: Ip = K Vp Vp CpC0 The quadrature current due to the losses of the sensor and having for amplitude V0 / R13 is compensated by a current flowing through the quadrature capacitor CQ, having the amplitude: IQ = K VQ Vp CpC0 The capacitor CQ fed by the quadrature current behaves like a resistor supplied with a current in phase . It thus allows compensation of the resistive losses, but avoiding the thermal noise that would be introduced by the use of a resistor. The nominal sensitivities at the outputs of integrators Ip and IQ are: Vp Vo 1 35 S (Vp) = V / pF, and C13 KVR CR-12-VQ Vo 1 S (VQ) -V / Siemens. KVR CR At the output of the amplifier 5, the error signal ER is normally zero when the piece A is stationary. In operation, when the turbine is rotating, the signal ER comprises only the background noise of the capacitive sensor 1, as well as transient signals, for example the passage of a blade A, which are in the limited bandwidth AF of the servo. The sp (or SQ) signal for passing a blade is at the output of the game measurement chain in the form of a zero average value signal.
    [0013] The simplified diagram of FIG. 2 is a functional representation of a measurement and processing chain implementing the method according to the invention. In the embodiment shown, it comprises an electronic module 26 integrating the electronic elements of FIG. According to the invention, the electronic module 26 further comprises a signal processing unit 24 adapted to implement the method according to the invention. The sensor 20 is disposed at the end of a transmission line 21 constituted by a triaxial cable. In the embodiment shown, the sensor 20 is a coaxial sensor, the electrodes of which are respectively connected to the measurement conductor and the cable ground conductor. Other cables can of course be used such as in particular a coaxial cable. The input of the electronic module 26 is provided by the preamplifier 22 comprising in particular the charge amplifier 5 of FIG. Conductance and capacitance compensation signals are generated by the signal processing unit 24 and are injected into the preamplifier 22. An amplifier 23, incorporating in particular the amplifier 6 of FIG. 1, feeds, after amplification, the signal processing unit 24 from a signal from the preamplifier 22. The processing unit 24 advantageously comprises the synchronous detectors and the integrators of FIG. 1 and a microcontroller 27 configured to implement the method according to the invention. This microcontroller 27 receives the signals VQ and VP, then deduces values of conductance and capacity knowing that VQ is proportional to the conductance that can be named GL, and VP is proportional to the capacity that can be named CL . The signal processing unit 24 is able to generate an output signal Vout which is proportional to the capacitance measured by the sensor 20, Vout = kC, where k is a real number. This output signal can power an RMS / DC converter 28.
    [0014] The microcontroller is configured to determine in real time the values of GL and CL and store these values in memory so as to have a follow-up of their evolutions. A value GL associated with a value CL constitutes an operating point that can be represented in a two-dimensional space having the abscissa axis, the values of CL, and for the ordinate axis the values of GL. In FIG. 3 are illustrated curves representative of the operating point variations in a GL / CL frame for a coaxial sensor. A first curve T is distinguished as an oblique segment in the range of positive values of conductance and capacitance.
    [0015] In a so-called normal state of life, depending on the variation of environmental parameters such as temperature, the line compensation, represented by the capacitance CL and the conductance GL, remains in or near the predetermined curve T, and the capacitance CL and GL conductance follow a monotonous evolution with respect to each other (for example, conductance increases as capacity increases). In the event of a sensor or cable failure, the operating point represented by the capacitance CL and the conductance GL moves away from the normal operating curve T. The detection of the evolution of these parameters away from the normal operating curve makes it possible to detect failures and / or to invalidate measurements, for example in the context of a monitoring of the pale state (BHM for " blade health monitoring "). Under normal conditions, the current operating point PF may change on the curve T between a lower point corresponding to a temperature Tmin and a higher point corresponding to a temperature Tmax. According to the invention, to detect failures and risks, a curve defining a predetermined zone ZP can be defined beforehand. This predetermined zone includes the curve T. It is thus possible to implement the following detection method: when the operating point is no longer on the curve T but within the predetermined zone, it is estimated that that there is a risk on the operating state of the sensor and that it is necessary to follow the evolution; - Beyond the predetermined area, the measurement is considered unreliable. Fig. 3 shows arrows E1-E4 which start from the operating point to different directions. Each arrow represents a risky evolution due to one or more predefined characteristics. For example, the evolution in the direction of the arrow El (the capacity increases when the conductance decreases) is characteristic of an evolution towards a cut of the transmission line. The evolution in the direction of the arrow E2 (increase of the capacitance for a fixed value of the conductance) is characteristic of an evolution towards a break of a guard connection of the transmission line. The evolution in the direction of the arrow E3 (decrease of the capacity for a fixed value of the conductance) is characteristic of a evolution towards a rupture of the electrode of the sensor. The evolution in the direction of the arrow E4 (increase of the conductance for a fixed value of the capacitance) is characteristic of an evolution towards a short circuit at the sensor or the transmission line. In FIG. 4 shows a curve Ti of normal operation in a predetermined zone ZP1 for a triaxial sensor. In this case, the curve Ti is a curve passing through zero and having a minimum (corresponding to a temperature value Tmin) in the dial of positive conductances and negative capacitances. The maximum (corresponding to a temperature value Tmax) is in the dial of negative conductances and positive abilities. As explained previously, the present invention makes it possible to carry out various diagnoses from the analysis of the operating point and its evolution. Different scenarios are described hereinafter merely as non-limiting examples. Concerning the capacitive sensor: A crack in the ceramic which constitutes the insulator between the electrodes can cause absorption of moisture or pollutants. It is characterized by abnormally high GL leak conductance values. The associated risks are an oxidation, a final pollution, a rupture and thus the destruction of the sensor; a temperature that is too high causes an increase in the dielectric permittivity of the insulator. It is characterized by unusually high leakage capacitance LC and leakage GL values. The associated risks are irreversible degradation or destruction of the sensor; a short-circuit initiation between the measurement electrode and the ground is characterized by saturations of the compensation voltages and overconsumption of the oscillator 4 which excites the transformer. The risk is also a destruction of the sensor; - a break in the electrical connection with the measuring electrode, in addition to the absence of measurement signals, is characterized by a decrease in the leakage capacitance CL due to the fact that the residual leakage capacity concerns only the section of the measuring line until breaking. Concerning the cable, and in particular a triaxial cable: a too high temperature causes an increase in the dielectric permittivity of the insulator (generally mineral). It is characterized by abnormally high values of leak capacitance CL and leak conductance GL in absolute value, the leak conductance GL (equivalent) having a negative sign due to the phase shift introduced by the resistance of the guard cable; a break in the connection of the ground conductors is characterized by abnormally low values of leak capacitance CL and leakage conductance GL, since they correspond to a length of cable (up to break) less than the normal length ; - A break in the connection of the guard conductors is characterized by abnormally high LC leak capacitance values, since they correspond to increased leakage capacity to the mass. Thus, it may be noted that the invention makes it possible to diagnose causes of failure, or groups of causes of failures, or an abnormal state, by detecting at least one of the following events: an abnormal change of a parameter among the leakage capacity CL and the leakage conductance GL, the other parameter retaining a normal value, an abnormal change of the two parameters, the leakage capacity CL and the leakage conductance GL. Of course, the field of possible failures or a more precise identification of the failure can be achieved according to the invention by integrating into the analysis additional information, such as: external temperature measurements; - the quality of the measures, or the lack of measures; - a monitoring of the electrical consumption, in particular to detect saturated components.
    [0016] Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method for real-time monitoring of the operating state of a capacitive sensor capable of being mounted on a rotating machine, and connected to an electronic measurement module via a high-frequency transmission line, this method comprising the steps of: generation within the electronic module of a compensation signal in the parasitic effects capacitance of the transmission line and the sensor; generation within the electronic module of a conductance compensation signal of parasitic effects of the transmission line; transmission and of the sensor, - sampling of a signal representative of the capacitance compensation and of a signal representative of the conductance compensation so as to determine a point of operation of the sensor, - analysis of the operating point so as to verify it is in a predetermined area.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a step of triggering an alarm signal when the operating point is outside the predetermined zone.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a step of analyzing the evolution of the operating point in order to deduce a diagnosis.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined zone is defined from temperature limit values of the sensor and / or the transmission line and capacitance and conductance limit values representative of at least one of the following parameters: electrode short circuit of the sensor, rupture or short circuit of the connection between the electronic module and the sensor, crack of a ceramic contained in the sensor.
    [0005]
    5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the predetermined zone is furthermore defined from capacitance and conductance limit values representative of at least one of the following parameters of the transmission line: connection to ground, breaking means of connection to a guard.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that determines a risk factor related to the electrode short circuit of the sensor when the operating point tends to values of conductance and saturation capacity. .
    [0007]
    7. Method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that determines a risk factor related to a ceramic crack of the sensor when the operating point evolves to conductance values of higher and higher.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that determines a risk factor related to a high temperature of the sensor when the operating point evolves towards values of conductance and capacity more and more. high.
    [0009]
    9. A method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a risk factor is determined related to a high temperature of the transmission line when the operating point evolves to negative conductance values of more and higher in absolute value and higher and higher positive capacity values.
    [0010]
    10. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that determines a risk factor related to a rupture of connection means to the mass of the transmission line when the operating point evolves to values conductance and capacity increasingly weaker.
    [0011]
    11. A method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that a risk factor is determined related to a rupture of connecting means to a guard of the transmission line when the operating point. evolves towards higher and higher capacity values.
    [0012]
    12. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each measurement performed by the capacitive sensor is accompanied by the determination of said operating point; the measurement being validated only when the operating point is within the predetermined zone.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of emitting an audible and / or visual signal when the operating point is outside the predetermined zone.
    [0014]
    14. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 for measuring the passage time of the blade tips in a rotating machine.
    [0015]
    15. A capacitive measuring chain comprising: a capacitive sensor adapted to be mounted on a rotating machine; an electronic measurement module; and a high-frequency transmission line connecting the sensor to the electronic module, characterized in that the module electronics is configured to perform a real-time monitoring of the operating state of the sensor by the steps of: - generating a compensation signal in parasitic effects capacity of the transmission line and the sensor, - generation of a conductance compensation signal for parasitic effects of the transmission line and the sensor, 30- sampling of a signal representative of the capacitance compensation and a signal representative of the conductance compensation so as to determine an operating point of the sensor, - analysis of the operating point so as to check whether it is outside a predetermined zone. 35- 2 0 -
    [0016]
    16. Capacitive measuring chain according to claim 15, characterized in that the transmission line comprises a triaxial or coaxial cable.
    [0017]
    17. Capacitive measuring chain according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that it comprises a capacitive sensor of the triaxial or coaxial type.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2686522C2|2019-04-29|
    FR3022342B1|2016-07-01|
    RU2017100501A|2018-07-16|
    RU2017100501A3|2018-11-27|
    JP6605026B2|2019-11-13|
    EP3155376A1|2017-04-19|
    JP2017517754A|2017-06-29|
    WO2015189232A1|2015-12-17|
    EP3155376B1|2018-08-01|
    US9897641B2|2018-02-20|
    US20170248649A1|2017-08-31|
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    法律状态:
    2015-06-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-12-18| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20151218 |
    2016-06-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-06-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-06-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-06-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1455403A|FR3022342B1|2014-06-13|2014-06-13|METHOD FOR REAL-TIME MONITORING OF THE OPERATING STATE OF A CAPACITIVE SENSOR|FR1455403A| FR3022342B1|2014-06-13|2014-06-13|METHOD FOR REAL-TIME MONITORING OF THE OPERATING STATE OF A CAPACITIVE SENSOR|
    RU2017100501A| RU2686522C2|2014-06-13|2015-06-10|Method for real-time monitoring of operating conditions of capacitive sensor|
    EP15731862.7A| EP3155376B1|2014-06-13|2015-06-10|Method for real-time tracking of the operational status of a capacitive sensor|
    US15/318,491| US9897641B2|2014-06-13|2015-06-10|Method for real-time monitoring of the operational state of a capacitive sensor|
    JP2017517398A| JP6605026B2|2014-06-13|2015-06-10|Method for monitoring the operation state of a capacitance sensor in real time|
    PCT/EP2015/062875| WO2015189232A1|2014-06-13|2015-06-10|Method for real-time tracking of the operational status of a capacitive sensor|
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