• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a system for generating pulsed powers (1), comprising an input (E1) for receiving an input pulse (Ve) and a generator (2) for high voltage pulses (Vs). comprising a first input (EA) for receiving a signal (Vch) from the input pulse in a generator charging phase and a second input (ED) for receiving a trigger signal (ld ) of a generator discharge phase, characterized in that it comprises a control circuit (3, 4, 5) connected, on the one hand, to the input (El) for receiving the pulse of input and, secondly, to the second input (ED) of the generator, the control circuit being configured to generate a trigger signal (ld) on detection of the end of the input pulse (Ve).
    公开号:FR3019700A1
    申请号:FR1453100
    申请日:2014-04-08
    公开日:2015-10-09
    发明作者:Baptiste Cadilhon；Bruno Cassany
    申请人:Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The field of the invention is that of the generation of high pulsed powers according to the principle of slow storage of a certain amount of energy and its rapid restitution. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION STATE OF THE PRIOR ART High pulsed powers find application in various fields. A first field of application is that of pulsed power supplies for lasers, X diodes, magnetrons, electron beams or UV flashes. A second area of application is the generation of electromagnetic waves that are useful in radar or electronic jammers. Another area of application is that simulators, such as lightning wave simulators, electromagnetic compatibility or electromagnetic launchers. And a fourth area concerns the clearance of gases, solids or liquids by methods of pulsed electric fields, crown effects or shock waves, as well as surface treatments. In general, a high voltage pulse generator includes a storage capacitor charged through a resistor by a power source. Once the energy is stored, it is quickly returned to the use via a switch triggered for this purpose. When the amplitudes of the voltages required at the output are higher than those delivered by the power supply, voltage amplifying devices, such as for example a Marx generator, may be used. The principle of a Marx generator is to charge at an initial voltage VO n associated capacitors in parallel, and then discharge them after associating them in series by means of switches, so as to apply the voltage n * V0 on the 'use. Two voltage signals are required for the operation of such a high-voltage pulse generator: one relating to the power supply of the generator for charging the capacitor or capacitors, the other corresponding to a signal control device for triggering the one or more switches for discharging and generating the pulse. As an example of a commercial generator, mention may be made of the PT-55 generator from Pacific Atlantic Electronics. This generator is associated with an auxiliary module PT-70 which provides a continuous high voltage signal (7kV) via an HV cable and a control signal (250V) through a coaxial cable. It also includes a Nickel 63 radioactive source (encapsulated in a vacuum bulb) for switching electrical energy. One can also cite the 40168 generator of the company L3 Communications which uses a thyratron (mercury vapor tube) to produce a high voltage pulse of 50kV. This generator requires a supply of pressurized air to ensure its stability of operation, a mains power cable and a coaxial cable for the control of thyratron triggering. This generator has the disadvantage of a high sensitivity EMC which greatly alters its operation in disturbed environment. L3 Communications also offers the TG-75 generator that operates at 50kV from the 220V / 50Hz network for its power supply and a control signal provided by an optical fiber. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is a high-voltage pulse generator which does not have the drawbacks involved, in particular a generator which is simpler to implement in that it can be controlled by a single and single cable. It proposes for this purpose a system for generating pulsed powers as described below.
    [0002] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other aspects, objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting example, and made in reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 shows a system for generating pulsed powers according to a possible embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 illustrates a possible embodiment of synchronized triggering of switches that can be implemented in the invention; FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the dual polarity operation of a Marx generator that can be used in the invention; FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate a high voltage pulse obtained by a generation system according to the invention, according to two different time scales. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS With reference to FIG. 1, the invention relates to a system for generating pulsed powers 1, comprising an input E1 for receiving an input pulse Ve and a generator 2 for pulses. high-voltage signal Vs comprising a first input EA for receiving a signal Vch directly or not from the input pulse Ve in a generator charging phase and a second input ED for receiving a trigger signal Id of a discharge phase of the generator. The input pulse Ve is a low voltage signal typically taking the form of a rectangular pulse.
    [0003] A high voltage pulse Vs at the output of the generator 2 has a voltage of amplitude greater than 1 kV, typically an amplitude of the order of a few tens of kilovolt. This amplitude is adjustable: it depends on the duration and / or the amplitude of the input low voltage pulse, the number of stages that can compose the generator 2 and the charge voltage of each stage. With reference to FIG. 1, the system 1 can comprise a voltage booster circuit 6 arranged between the reception input E1 of the input pulse, for example in series with an inductance Ls present at the reception input El , and the first input EA of the generator 2. The voltage booster circuit 6 can be configured to supply a high-voltage DC signal to the first input EA of the generator 2. It is for example a DC / DC converter 12V to 1500V. The pulsed power generation system 1 according to the invention furthermore comprises a control circuit 3, 4, 5 connected, on the one hand, to the input input reception input E1 and, on the other hand, to on the other hand, the second ED input of the generator, the control circuit being configured to generate a trigger signal Id on detection of the end of the input pulse Ve. Thus, the two voltage signals necessary for the operation of the generator 2, ie at the load of the capacitor (s) and at the triggering of the switch (s), come from the same input signal, the pulse of input Ve, and can thus be conveyed to the system according to the invention, for example from a low-voltage signal source, by means of a single cable, in particular by a single low-voltage coaxial cable, for example a cable 50. The control circuit may in particular comprise a differentiator circuit 3 configured to detect a positive or negative part of the derivative of the input pulse, and a trigger circuit 4 configured to provide said trigger signal Id following detecting, by the differentiator circuit 3, a positive or negative part of the derivative of the input pulse. Taking the example of a positive rectangular pulse, respectively negative, the differentiator circuit 3 makes it possible to detect a negative or positive part, respectively, of the derivative of the pulse synonymous with the end of the pulse, that is to say the falling edge, respectively the rising edge, of the rectangular pulse. As shown in FIG. 1, the trigger circuit 4 can comprise a capacitor C1 connected to the first input EA of the generator, for example via a first resistor. R1, and on the other hand, to the second input of the generator ED via a switch 01 and a second resistor R2. The switch 01 is controlled in such a manner as to be open during the charging phase of the generator 2, thus enabling charging of the capacitor C1 via the first resistor R1. The switch 01 is moreover controlled to close following the detection, by the differentiator circuit 3, of the end of the input pulse, thus allowing the discharge of the capacitor C1 and the generation of a current pulse Id serving trigger signal of a discharge phase of the generator 2 delivered to the second ED input of the generator 2. As also shown in FIG. 1, the differentiator circuit 3 may comprise a first branch for generating a control signal of the circuit trigger 3 and a second processing branch of the input pulse. The second branch derives the input pulse and provides a control signal to the first branch when the derivative is negative. More specifically, the first branch comprises a series RC circuit consisting of a third resistor R3 and a second capacitor C2, the input of which is connected to the input El of the system 1 to allow the storage of energy in the second capacitor in the presence of a pulse Ve on the input El. The output of the series RC circuit is connected to ground by means of two MOSFET transistors (second transistor Q2 and third transistor Q3) connected in series and of opposite polarities, the second transistor Q2 being of type P and the third transistor Q3 being of type N (mounting type "push-pull"). The midpoint between the transistors Q2, Q3 constitutes the output of the differentiator circuit 3, on which is found, on detection of the end of the input pulse Ve, a signal controlling the closing of the switch 01 of the trigger circuit 4. 6 The gates of the transistors Q2, Q3 are furthermore interconnected and at a mid-point between a fourth resistor R4 connected to the output of the circuit RC and a fourth transistor Q4 of type Ni connected to the ground and whose gate is connected to the output of the second branch of the differentiator circuit. When the second branch detects that the derivative of the input pulse is positive or zero, no signal is applied to the gate of the fourth transistor Q4 which is thus blocked. The gates of the second and third transistors Q2, Q3 are then connected to the input E1 via the RC circuit, so that the second transistor Q2 is off while the third transistor Q3 is on. The midpoint between the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 is then grounded. When the second branch detects that the derivative of the input pulse is negative, a signal is applied to the gate of the fourth transistor Q4 which is therefore on. The gates of the second and third transistors Q2, Q3 are connected to ground, with isolation provided by the fourth resistor R4, so that the second transistor Q2 is on while the third transistor Q3 is off. The midpoint between the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 is then connected to the output of the circuit RC and then delivers a pulse corresponding to the discharge of the second capacitor C2. The second processing branch of the input pulse comprises in series between the ground and the input E1 of the system 1, a capacitor C3 and a parallel connection of a sixth resistor R6 with a fifth resistor R5 in series with a D2 diode whose cathode is directed to the ground. At the terminals of the parallel assembly, the signal derived from the signal at the input E1 of the system is found. The cathode of a diode D1 is connected to the midpoint between the diode D2 and the fifth resistor R5. The primary winding L3 of a transformer is connected, on the one hand, to the anode of the diode D1 and, on the other hand, to the ground via a seventh resistor. The secondary winding L4 of the transformer is connected, on the one hand, to ground via an eighth resistor R8 and, on the other hand, to the gate of the fourth transistor Q4. This arrangement ensures that the gate of the fourth transistor Q4 is powered only on detection of a negative part of the derivative of the signal at the input E1 of the system, that is to say at a falling edge of an input pulse Ve. The control circuit further comprises a ferrite pulse transformer 5 arranged between the differentiator circuit 3 and the trigger circuit 4. The primary winding L2 of the transformer 5 is connected to the output of the differentiator circuit 3 (midpoint between the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3) and the secondary winding L1 is connected to the first transistor Q1, for example its gate and its cathode when it takes the form of a thyristor. This solution of using a ferrite toroid as a pulse transformer to trigger a semiconductor switch can also be used to trigger the switch (s) of the generator 2, especially when the generator comprises a plurality of switches to realize a synchronized triggering of the switches on reception, by the second ED input of the generator 2, of the trigger signal Id of a discharge phase of the generator. With reference to FIG. 2 showing two thyristors T1, T2, a ferrite core 6 is used as a pulse transformer. The primary winding is summed up by a single wire 7 on which passes the current pulse Id serving for the synchronous triggering of the thyristors. Two secondary windings 8, 9 are positioned on the core, each connected to the trigger and to the cathode of one of the thyristors T1, T2. In this configuration, the trigger currents all have the same shape and their amplitude is directly proportional to that of the trigger current pulse Id. In a possible embodiment of the invention, and with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b, the high voltage pulse generator is a Marx generator comprising a plurality of capacitors Cc connected to each other so as to be able to be loaded in parallel. , and be discharged in series via switches S1-S4. Such a generator has the advantage that a simple inversion thereof makes it possible to change the polarity of the high output voltage pulse without having to modify that of the input pulse. When the supply Vch of a 3019700 Marx generator is made between terminals C and D as shown in Fig. 3a, the output signal is negative. When the supply Vch is made between points A and B as shown in Figure 3b, the output signal is positive. Figures 4a and 4b illustrate a high voltage pulse obtained by a system according to the invention, according to two different time scales. FIG. 4a thus illustrates an output pulse Vs of amplitude 30 kV on a resistive load of 2 ka. FIG. 4b illustrates the rising edge of the pulse of FIG. 4a: it is here of 35 ns, with a delay of tripping (also referred to as "jitter") of the generator 1 less than 5 ns. The invention is not limited to the system as previously described but also extends to a method for generating high pulsed powers by means of such a system, and in particular to a method for generating high pulsed powers using a high voltage pulse generator comprising a first input for receiving a signal from an input pulse in a generator charging phase and a second input for receiving a trigger signal a phase of discharge of the generator, characterized in that it comprises the steps of detecting the end of the input pulse, and, following the detection of the end of the input pulse, to generate and providing the second input of the generator with a trigger signal of the discharge phase. The invention offers the following advantages. The system for generating pulsed powers can be controlled by a single and only coaxial cable 500. This results in simplicity of implementation, requiring no need to bring high voltage back to the control-command frame, nor to resort to to an auxiliary power supply or a 220V / 50Hz network connection. The use of a stage generator, such as for example a Marx generator, makes it possible to limit the operating voltage of each stage to a level compatible with the use of low power components at low costs. The output voltage depends on the number of stages, it is theoretically infinite. The triggering of semiconductor switches by ferrite transformers provides both a galvanic isolation of the control circuit and the power circuit (which results in robustness and simplicity of implementation at low cost) and synchronized triggering of all generator switches. The output voltage is adjustable, for example from 20% to 100%.
    [0004] The system does not use any radioactive source, pressurized gas, or cooling system. It presents no constraints in terms of EMC. Its size is further reduced, for example two cards of 250 * 200 * 50 mm. It is also self-sufficient, in that it requires no power supply BT or HT, except the low voltage input signal.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Pulsed power generation system (1), comprising an input (El) for receiving an input pulse (Ve) and a high voltage pulse generator (2) (Vs) comprising a first input (EA) ) for receiving a signal (Vch) from the input pulse in a load phase of the generator and a second input (ED) for receiving a trigger signal (Id) of a phase of discharge of the generator, characterized in that it comprises a control circuit (3, 4, 5) connected, on the one hand, to the input (El) of reception of the input pulse and, on the other hand on the second input (ED) of the generator, the control circuit being configured to generate a trigger signal (Id) on detection of the end of the input pulse (Ve).
    [0002]
    The system of claim 1, wherein the control circuit comprises a shunt circuit (3) configured to detect a positive or negative portion of the derivative of the input pulse, and a trigger circuit (4) configured to provide said triggering signal following detection, by the derivation circuit, of a positive or negative part of the derivative of the input pulse (Ve).
    [0003]
    3. System according to claim 2, wherein the triggering circuit (4) comprises a capacitor (C1) connected, on the one hand to the first input (EA) of the generator, and, on the other hand, to the second input of generator (ED) via a switch (Q1) open in the generator charging phase, the closing of said switch being controlled following the detection, by the differentiator circuit f3), of a positive or negative part of the generator derived from the input pulse (Ve).
    [0004]
    4. System according to claim 3, wherein the closing of said switch (01) is performed through a ferrite pulse transformer (5) arranged between the differentiator circuit (3) and the trigger circuit (4).
    [0005]
    5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a voltage booster circuit (6) arranged between the input inlet (El) of the input pulse and the first input (EA) of the generator and configured to provide a continuous high voltage signal at the first input of the generator.
    [0006]
    6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the generator comprises at least one switch adapted to be triggered on receipt, by the second input of the generator, the trigger signal of a discharge phase of the generator.
    [0007]
    7. System according to claim 6, wherein the generator comprises a plurality of synchronized trigger switches on receiving, by the second input of the generator, the trigger signal of a discharge phase of the generator.
    [0008]
    8. System according to claim 7, wherein the generator comprises a ferrite pulse transformer comprising a ferrite core traversed by a wire into which the trigger signal of a discharge phase of the generator passes, a plurality of windings. being positioned on the torus, each of the windings being connected to one of the switches.
    [0009]
    9. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the generator is a Marx generator comprising a plurality of capacitors connected together so that they can be loaded in parallel, and be discharged in series via switches .
    [0010]
    10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a low voltage signal source connected to the input input of the input signal via a coaxial cable.
    [0011]
    A method of generating high pulsed power by means of a high voltage pulse generator comprising a first input for receiving a signal from an input pulse in a generator charging phase and a second input for receiving a trigger signal of a discharge phase of the generator, characterized in that it comprises the steps of detecting the end of the input pulse, and, following the detection of the end of the input pulse, to generate and provide the second input of the generator a trigger signal of the discharge phase.
    类似技术:
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    法律状态:
    2015-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-04-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-04-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1453100A|FR3019700B1|2014-04-08|2014-04-08|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING HIGH SINGLE POWER PULSED POWERS|FR1453100A| FR3019700B1|2014-04-08|2014-04-08|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING HIGH SINGLE POWER PULSED POWERS|
    US15/302,710| US10097085B2|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|System and method for generating high pulsed power, comprising a single power supply|
    PCT/EP2015/057439| WO2015155148A1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|System and method for generating high pulsed power, comprising a single power supply|
    EP15741924.3A| EP3130077A1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|System and method for generating high pulsed power, comprising a single power supply|
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