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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a refractor (100) comprising: - an enclosure comprising a front face having a first optical window and a rear face having a second optical window aligned with the first optical window along an optical observation axis; and at least one visual compensation device making it possible to observe along the optical observation axis. The visual compensation device comprises, between the first window and the second window, a first optical spherical power element according to the variable optical axis; the enclosure is mounted on a rotatable support (104) movable in rotation with respect to a fixed part (102) around a horizontal axis (H).
    公开号:FR3019458A1
    申请号:FR1453129
    申请日:2014-04-08
    公开日:2015-10-09
    发明作者:Stephane Boutinon；Del Rio Vincent Tejedor；Michel Nauche
    申请人:Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES The present invention relates to the field of optometry. It relates more particularly to a refractor.
    [0002] BACKGROUND ART In the context of measuring the visual acuity of a patient, it has already been proposed to simulate the visual compensation to be provided, for example by means of test glasses or a refractor, such as a refraction head. The test glasses can successively accommodate test glasses having different corrections, until finding the correct correction for the patient. This solution is not practical and requires the separate storage of the test glasses in dedicated boxes. It further involves lens changes that cause undesired and non-continuous correction power transitions. In the refraction head, the test lenses are placed on several disks, driven in rotation manually or with the aid of a motorized mechanism. However, it is understood that such an object has a large size and weight, related to the number of glasses placed on each disc. As a result, the refraction head is necessarily mounted on a rigid support with a substantially horizontal viewing direction. Such an apparatus is therefore not suitable for establishing precisely the correction required for the patient in close vision. Indeed, with such a device, the visual axis is maintained almost horizontal even when the practitioner seeks to determine the correction required near vision. On the contrary, in the natural position, the visual axis is oriented 30 ° downwards in near vision, resulting in ametropia slightly different from that observed with the horizontal visual axis due to the different positioning of the eye and oculomotor muscles.
    [0003] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION In this context, the present invention provides a refractor comprising an enclosure comprising a front face having a first optical window and a rear face having a second optical window aligned with the first optical window along an optical observation axis, and at least one visual compensation device for observing along the optical observation axis, characterized in that the visual compensation device comprises, between the first window and the second window, a first optical spherical power element according to the variable optical axis, and in that the enclosure is mounted on a rotatable support rotatable relative to a fixed portion about a horizontal axis. The visual compensation device, which allows in particular a variation of the spherical power along the observation axis, is housed between the first window and the second window formed in the enclosure, which can in turn be rotated around the horizontal axis. A compact, orientable assembly is thus obtained so as to perform the visual acuity measurements in a natural position for the patient, in particular in far vision, in intermediate vision and in near vision. The visual compensation device may further be adapted to generate cylindrical correction of variable cylinder axis and variable power. For example, the visual compensation device comprises a second cylindrical power optical element and a third cylindrical optical power element, the second optical element and the third optical element being adjustable in rotation about the optical axis independently of one another. 'other.
    [0004] The enclosure is for example mounted on an articulated arm with respect to the orientable support around an axis perpendicular to the horizontal axis, which makes it possible to vary the convergence of the optical observation axis and to adapt this convergence. to the vision tested (far vision or near vision), as explained in the description that follows.
    [0005] The enclosure can also be mounted on the steerable support at an adjustable position along the horizontal axis. Specifically, in the example described below, the enclosure is mounted at an adjustable position on the articulated arm. It can also be provided that a wheel, rotatably mounted in the enclosure about an axis parallel to the optical axis, carries at least one complementary element 30 to be placed in front of the optical axis. The complementary element can be a filter, a prism, an opening or a cache. The refractor may comprise means for movably mounting a diasporameter on the front face of the enclosure in a first position, in which at least one prism of the diasporameter is aligned with the optical axis, and in a second position, in which the diasporameter leaves free the first optical window. As explained in the following description, the enclosure may have a lower face such that the distance, in projection in a vertical plane, between the optical axis and the lower face is less than or equal to 30 mm, or even 20 mm. Thus, the size of the enclosure is restricted in the region under the eyes of the user and the speaker does not interfere with the face of the user when rotating around the horizontal axis. The position of the steerable support is for example adjustable in rotation about the horizontal axis by means of an actuator. Alternatively, this setting in position could be done manually. It can further be provided that the fixed part comprises means for positioning a part of the head of a user (generally referred to as "front support") and that the fixed part is dimensioned so that said horizontal axis passes through the eyes. said user. More specifically, the fixed part is for example dimensioned so that the horizontal axis passes through the center of rotation of at least one eye of said user. The refractor may also include at least one image capture device having a shooting axis; the image capture device can then be mounted in the refractor so that the axis of view is essentially parallel to said horizontal axis, which in particular makes it possible to constantly monitor the situation of the eye with respect to the visual compensation. The image capture device can then be designed to measure the distance between the eye and the visual compensation device. It is then possible to control the spherical power of the first optical element as a function of the distance measured. The invention also proposes a method for measuring refraction by means of a refractor as proposed above, comprising the following steps: inclination of the orientable support with respect to the fixed part; adjusting the spherical power of the first optical element; storage of the spherical power set, for example in association with the aforementioned inclination.
    [0006] As already indicated, the adjustment of the spherical power can then be performed according to a distance between a user's eye and the visual compensation device measured by an image capture device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be achieved. In the accompanying drawings: - Figure 1 shows schematically the optical elements used in an exemplary implementation of the invention; FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of an example of a visual compensation device that can be used in the context of the invention; - Figure 3 shows a cutaway view of the visual compensation device of Figure 2 cylindrical lens side; - Figure 4 is a broken view of the visual compensation device of Figure 2 variable spherical lens side; - Figure 5 schematically shows a control element of the visual compensation device of Figure 2; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a refractor according to the teachings of the invention in a first configuration intended to test vision from afar; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the refractor of FIG. 6 in a second configuration intended to test near vision; - Figure 8 is a front view of the refractor of Figure 6, seen operator side; FIG. 9 is a front view of the refractor of FIG. 6, seen on the patient side, that is to say on the opposite side of the view represented in FIG. 8; FIG. 10 is a cutaway of the orientable support of the refractor of FIG. 6; FIG. 11 is a detailed view of a visual compensation subsystem mounted on an articulated arm in the refractor of FIG. 6; FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of the main optical elements of an exemplary visual compensation device used, as described below, in a refractor according to the teachings of FIG. the invention. These optical elements comprise a convex plane-cylinder lens 2, cylindrical power Co, a concave plane-cylinder lens 4, negative cylindrical power -Co, and a lens 6 of variable spherical power Sv.
    [0007] The absolute value (or modulus), here Co, of the cylindrical power (here -Co) of the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 is therefore equal to the absolute value (Co) (or modulus) of the cylindrical power (Co) of the convex plane-cylinder lens 2. It could alternatively be envisaged that the respective cylindrical powers of the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 and the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 are (slightly) different in absolute value, but are in any case cause such that the resulting cylindrical power, generated by the combination of these two lenses, has a negligible value (for example less than 0.1 diopter in absolute value) in at least one relative position of these two lenses.
    [0008] The three lenses 2, 4, 6 are placed on the same optical axis X. Precisely, each of the three lenses 2, 4, 6 has a generally cylindrical external shape, centered on the optical axis X. In the example described here, the lenses 2, 4, 6 respectively have the following dimensions (measuring their dimensions): 25 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm.
    [0009] It should be noted that it is preferable to use this visual compensation device 10 by positioning the patient's eye on the side of the variable spherical power lens 6 so that the cylindrical power lenses 2, 4, moreover large diameter, do not limit the field of vision defined by the variable spherical power lens 6, which is itself wide because of the proximity of the patient's eye. Each of the three lenses 2, 4, 6 comprises a first plane face, perpendicular to the optical axis X, and a second face, opposite to the first face and optically active: the optically active face of the lens 2 is cylindrical in shape convex (the axis Y1 of the cylinder defining this face being perpendicular to the optical axis X); the optically active face of the lens 4 is of concave cylindrical shape (the axis Y2 of the cylinder defining this face being perpendicular to the optical axis X); the optically active face of the lens 6 of variable spherical power Sv is deformable and can thus take a convex spherical shape (as illustrated in dashed lines in FIG. 1), a planar shape or a concave spherical shape (as shown in solid lines) .
    [0010] The lens 6 of variable spherical power Sv is, for example, a lens of the type described in document EP 2 034 338. Such a lens comprises a cavity closed by a transparent deformable membrane and a movable transparent flat wall; the cavity contains a transparent liquid of constant volume which is more or less constrained by the moving face, in order to deform the membrane which is therefore a spherical concave surface, a flat surface, or a spherical convex surface. In the lens used, a transformation of movement carried out by a screw nut system makes it possible to ensure the translation-rotation movement transformation. In the example described here, the lens 6 has a variable focal length between -40 mm and 40 mm, or a spherical power Sv variable between -25D and 25D (D being the diopter, unit of measurement of the vergence, inverse of the focal length expressed in meters). Moreover, the plane-cylinder lenses 2, 4 respectively have already indicated a cylindrical power -Co and Co, here with Co = 5D. As explained in more detail below, the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 and the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 are rotatably mounted about the X axis (rotation centered on the X axis). The axis Y1 of the convex cylinder formed on the optically active face of the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 can thus form a variable angle α1 with a reference axis Y0 (fixed and perpendicular to the optical axis X).
    [0011] Likewise, the axis Y2 of the concave cylinder formed on the optically active face of the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 can form a variable angle a2 with the reference axis Yo. By calculating the vergence on the various meridians, the following formulas are obtained for the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C and the angle of astigmatism a of the optical subassembly formed of the three optical elements 2, 4, 6 which comes to be described: sin 2a, - sin 2a cos (al + a) tan 2a = - (formula 1) cos 2a2 - cos 2a1 sin (a1 + a2) C = C o (cos 2 (a - a 2) - cos 2 (a - al)) (formula 2) s = s, - -c. (formula 3). 2 Note that the term (-C / 2) in formula 3 corresponds to a spherical power generated by the resultant of the two cylindrical power lenses. By controlling the rotational position of the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 and the rotational position of the concave plane-cylinder lens 4, independently of each other, as described hereinafter, each of the angles al, a2 from 0 ° to 360 ° and thus obtain a cylindrical power C adjustable between -2.00 and 2.00 (here between -10D and 10D), and for any angle of astigmatism adjustable between 0 ° and 360 ° achieved by simultaneous control of both lenses. As indicated by the formula number 3, the spherical power resultant induced by the resultant of the orientation of the 2 cylindrical lenses is compensated by means of the spherical lens of variable power.
    [0012] Moreover, by varying the spherical power Sv of the spherical lens 6, it is possible to adjust the spherical power S of the subset formed by the three lenses 2, 4, 6. According to one conceivable variant, the lenses with fixed cylindrical power could have the same cylindrical power Co (positive or negative): it could be two convex plane-cylinder lenses, possibly identical, or, alternatively, two concave plane-cylinder lenses, possibly identical. Indeed, in this case, the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C and the astigmatism angle α of the subset formed of these two lenses and a variable spherical power lens are given by the following formulas: 2a2 + sin 2at tan 2a = (formula 4) cos 2a, + cos 2a1 C = Co (cos 2 (a - a 2) COS 2 (a - a 1)) (formula 5) s = sfr + co - c. (formula 6) 2 The term Co - C / 2 corresponds to the spherical power induced by the combination of the two cylindrical power lenses.
    [0013] It is therefore also possible in this case to adjust the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C and the angle of astigmatism a, in particular so that the cylindrical power C is zero, by rotating the cylindrical power lenses (independently of the one of the other) and varying the spherical power of the variable spherical power lens. An example of a visual compensation device 10 which uses the optical elements which have just been described is shown in FIG. 2. In the following description, in order to clarify the explanation, terms such as "upper or lower" may be used. which define an orientation in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. It will be understood that this orientation is not necessarily applicable to the use that can be made of the device described, in particular that of FIGS. 6 to 12. visual compensation 10 comprises a housing 12 formed of a first portion 14, a second portion 16 and a third portion 18, which extend successively along the optical axis X and are assembled in pairs at the planes perpendicular to the optical axis X. A first gear 22 is rotatably mounted centered on the optical axis X in the first portion 14 of the housing 12 and carries at its center, in an opening provided therein Indeed, the convex plane-cylinder lens 2. The first gear 22 and the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 are coaxial; in other words, in section in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis X, the outer circumference of the first toothed wheel 22 and the circumference of the convex plane-cylinder lens 2 form concentric circles centered on the optical axis X. Likewise a second gear wheel 24 is rotatably centered on the optical axis X in the second part 16 of the housing 12 and carries at its center, in an opening provided for this purpose, the concave plane-cylinder lens 4. The second toothed wheel 24 and the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 are coaxial; in other words, in section in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis X, the outer circumference of the second gear wheel 24 and the circumference of the concave plane-cylinder lens 4 form concentric circles centered on the optical axis X. third gearwheel 27 is mounted in rotation centered on the optical axis X in the third portion 18 of the housing 12. The third gearwheel 27 is integral with a ring provided on the circumference of a housing 26 which carries the lens 6 of variable spherical power and allowing the control of the spherical power Sv. The housing 26 of the lens 6 of variable spherical power is mounted in the third portion 18 of the housing 12. As clearly visible in FIG. 3, the first gearwheel 22 is driven by rotation (about the optical axis X) by means of a first motor 42, a drive shaft carries a first worm 32 which meshes with the first toothed wheel 22. The first motor 42 is for example mounted in the first portion 14 of the housing 12. The current position of the first gear 22 is monitored by a first optical cell 52. Similarly, the second gear 24 is rotated about the axis optical X by means of a second motor 44, a drive shaft carries a second worm 34 which meshes with the second gear wheel 24. The second motor 44 is for example mounted in the second portion 16 of the housing 12.
    [0014] The current position of the second gearwheel 24 is monitored by a second optical cell 54. As shown in FIG. 4, the third gearwheel 27 is in turn rotated (about the optical axis X) by means of a third motor 46 which has a drive shaft on which is mounted a third worm 36 which meshes with the third gear 27. The third motor 46 is for example mounted in the third portion 18 of the housing 12. The current position the third gear 27 is monitored by a third optical cell 56. The first, second and third motors 42, 44, 46 are for example stepper motors, a resolution of 20 steps / revolution, controlled here in 8th not (hereinafter micro-step). Alternatively, these engines could be controlled in 16th step. The internal volume of the housing 12 (as also the internal volume of each of the first, second and third parts 14, 16, 18 in the same way) can be subdivided into a receiving space of the motors 42, 44, 46 (region upper case 12 in Figures 2, 3 and 4) and a receiving space of the optical elements 2, 4, 6 (lower region of the housing 12 in Figures 2, 3 and 4). The receiving space of the motors 42, 44, 46 has a substantially parallelepipedal shape, open (downwards in the figures) in the direction of the receiving space of the optical elements 2, 4, 6 and closed on the opposite side ( upwards in the figures) by an upper face 19 of the housing 12 (the upper face 19 of the housing 12 being formed by the assembly of respective upper faces of the first, second and third parts 14, 16, 18 of the housing 12). The arrangement of the motors 42 44 and 46 is such that it allows to benefit from a 180 ° circular geometry centered on the optical axis closest to the effective radius of the lenses.
    [0015] The receiving space of the optical elements 2, 4, 6 has, opposite the motor receiving space, a cylindrical shape (delimited by the walls of the housing 12) which matches that of the third gear 27 on half of the circumference of it. In other words, the housing 12 (and consequently each of the first, second and third parts 14, 16, 18 of the housing 12) has, at the receiving space of the optical elements 2, 4, 6, a cylindrical shape of diameter (perpendicular to the optical axis X) of the same order as, and slightly greater than, that of the third gear wheel 27. The respective diameters of the gear wheels 22, 24, 27 are adapted to promote the conservation of the field by despite the thickness of the optical subassembly. The first motor 42 and the first worm 32 extend in the housing 12 in a direction Z perpendicular to the upper face of the housing 12 (and therefore in particular perpendicular to the optical axis X) so that the first motor 42 is housed in the engine receiving space while the first worm 32 extends into the receiving space of the optical elements. The second motor 44 and the second worm 34 extend in turn in the housing 12 in the same direction, but opposite the first motor 42 and the first worm 34 relative to the cylindrical power lenses. 2, 4. The second motor 44 is housed in the engine receiving space while the second worm 34 extends into the receiving space of the optical elements. Note that thus the first worm 32 and the second worm 34 are located on either side of the assembly formed by the first gear 22 and the second gear 24, and that the lateral space (along a Y axis perpendicular to the aforementioned X and Z axes) of these different parts (first worm 32, second worm 34, first or second gear 22, 24) is smaller than the diameter of the third gear 27 of so that the first and second worm 32, 34 contain in the receiving space optical elements without the need for growth to accommodate them. Moreover, the first and second motors 42, 44 each have a space along the optical axis X greater than that of each of the first and second gears 22, 24, and even greater than that of each of the first and second parts 14, However, since these first and second motors 42, 44 are placed as just indicated on each side of the housing 12 (relative to the Z axis), they can each occupy a space which extends along the optical axis X to the right of the first portion 14 and the second portion 16 of the housing 12. For example, each of the first and second motors 42, 44 has a lateral size (external diameter of the motor) between 6 and 12, for example 10 mm, while the first and second gears 22, 24 each have a thickness (size along the X axis) of between 1 and 4, for example 2.5 mm. On the other hand, the third motor 46 and the third worm 36 are located in the engine receiving space, in the region that extends along the X axis to the right of the third portion 18 of the housing 12. third worm gear 36 engages the third gearwheel 27 in an upper part thereof, which allows the housing 12 to match the shape of the housing 12 in the lower part of the third gearwheel 27, as already indicated. In the example described, as visible in FIG. 4, the axis of the third motor 46 and of the third worm 36 is slightly inclined with respect to the upper face of the housing 12 (precisely with respect to the aforementioned Y axis) . For example, it is provided that the thickness of the third gear 27 is between 0.3 mm and 2 mm. This arrangement of the various elements makes it possible to obtain a relatively thin package, typically having a thickness of between 15 and 20 mm.
    [0016] The housing 12 also comprises, for example in the upper region of the engine receiving space, a control element 50, here formed of several integrated circuits carried by a common printed circuit. Furthermore, a battery-type electrical energy storage device 58 (or, alternatively, a super capacity) is provided to make the device autonomous. For example, non-contact charging elements of the energy storage device 58 are also provided. The battery 58 notably enables the power supply of the motors 42, 44, 46 and the control element 50. The main elements of such a control element 50, as well as their connection to the aforementioned motors 42, 44, 46 and optical cells 52, 54, 56, are shown schematically in FIG. 5. The control element 50 comprises a receiving module 60 designed to receive, here via a wireless link, the setpoint information, that is to say information indicative of the values desired by the user for the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C and the angle of astigmatism which define the compensation generated by the optical subset formed by the optical elements 2, 4, 6. The reception module 60 is for example an infrared reception module which receives this information from con sign of an infrared remote control manipulated by the user. As a variant, provision may be made for this setpoint information to be received from a personal computer via a wireless link, for example a wireless local area network; the user could in this case choose values of spherical power S, cylindrical power C and angle of astigmatism a for the visual compensation device by interactive selection on the computer. In the example of application described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12, the setpoint information can for example be received from the control electronic card 160 via the transmitter / receiver device 156. The reception module 60 transmits the setpoint information S, C, a received at a computer 66 (consisting for example of a processor executing a computer program so as to implement the functions of the computer described hereinafter), specifically to a computer module 68 implemented by this calculator 66. The calculation module 68 calculates the values of the angles α1, α2 and the spherical power value Sv necessary to obtain the values of setpoints S, C, a received at the input, on the basis of formulas explained above. In the case where the plane-cylinder lenses 2 and 4 respectively have a cylindrical power - Co and Co, the following formulas are used, for example: 1C 7r a2 = a -arcsin + - 2 4 1 7 / - = a + -arcsin + - 2 4 2C0, / C 2C 0 CS, = S + - 2 The computer 66 also implements a control module 70 which receives as input the angle values α1, α2 and of the spherical power Sv calculated by the calculation module 68 and transmits control signals to the motors 42, 44, 46 in order to control each of the motors 42, 44, 46 independently of the others so as to obtain respective positions of the gears 22, 24, 27 which allow to obtain the desired values: - the control module 70 controls the first motor 42 so as to rotate the first gear 22 around the optical axis X to the position where the axis Y1 of the cylindrical surface optically active lens convex plane-cylinder 2 (carried by the first rou e-tooth 22) forms an angle α1 with the reference direction Y0; the control module 70 controls the second motor 44 so as to rotate the second gear 24 around the optical axis X to the position where the axis Y2 of the optically active cylindrical surface of the plane-cylinder lens concave 4 (carried by the second gear 24) forms an angle a2 with the reference direction Yo; the control module 70 controls the third motor 46 so as to rotate the third gear 27 around the optical axis X to the position where the control ring of the variable spherical power controls the spherical power Sv calculated by the calculation module 68. The position of each toothed wheel 22, 24, 27 is known at each instant, respectively, by virtue of the optical cells 52, 54, 56 which each measure, on the toothed wheel to which each is associated, the number of teeth having passed through the optical cell with respect to a reference point on the circumference of the wheel concerned (for example toothless). In the example described here, the first motor assembly 42-first worm 32-first gear 22, as the second motor assembly 44- second worm 34-second gear 24, generates a gear ratio such as a toothed wheel revolution 22, 24 corresponds to 15040 micro-steps of the associated motor 42, 44. The resolution (rotation angle of the toothed wheels 22, 24 for a micro-step) is therefore 0.024 ° for the angles ai and a2. . The third motor assembly 46-third worm 36-third gear 46 generates meanwhile a reduction of 16640 micro-steps per revolution. The control ring of the variable spherical power is adjustable over an angular range of 120 ° (which corresponds to 5547 micro steps) in order to obtain the spherical power variation from -25D to 25D (a range of 50D). The resolution (spherical power variation Sv for a micro step) is therefore 0.009D. It can be expected that, during the passage of initial setpoints al, a2, Sv to new setpoints a'i, a'2, S'y, each of the first, second and third motors 42, 44, 46 are actuated during the same duration T (in seconds), which may possibly depend on the amplitude of one of the setpoint changes (for example of the variation, in absolute value, of spherical power I S'y - Sv I, where I x I is the absolute value of x). For this purpose, the computer 66 determines, for example, the number pi of micro-pitch of the motor 42 allowing the passage of the angle α1 to the angle α the number p2 of the micro-pitch of the motor 44 allowing the passage of the angle a2 at the angle a'2 and the number p3 micro-pitch of the motor 46 allowing the passage of the spherical power Sv to the spherical power S'y. The computer 66 then controls the rotation of the motor 42 at a speed of p1 / T micro-steps per second, the rotation of the motor 44 at a speed of p2 / T micro-steps per second and the rotation of the motor 46 at a speed of p3 / T micro-steps per second.
    [0017] The control element 50 also comprises a temperature sensor 62, which delivers a measured ambient temperature information, and an inclinometer 64, for example realized in the form of an accelerometer and which delivers an orientation information of the visual compensation device. 10, for example with respect to the vertical. In the application described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12, the orientation information can be used to determine the configuration of the refractor and thus the type of acuity measurement currently performed (far vision, intermediate vision or near vision). The computer 66 receives the temperature information from the temperature sensor 62 and the orientation information from the inclinometer 64 and uses at least one of this information in the context of the determination of the commands to be sent. to the motors 42, 44, 46. In the example described, the control module 70 uses the temperature information to compensate for the spherical power variations of the lens 6 due to the temperature (which are of the order of 0 , 06D / ° C in the example described) and the orientation information in order to compensate for any disturbances of the drive system (motors, worm gear, gears) due to changes in the orientation of the compensation device 10. Unlike the case of the description of FIGS. 2 to 4 above, the following description of FIGS. 6 to 12 refers to directions (horizontal and vertical in particular) and to relative positions ("lower than r "or" superior) which correspond to the conventional use of the refractor for measuring a patient's visual acuity. FIGS. 6 and 7 show in perspective a refractor 100 according to the teachings of the invention, respectively in a first configuration intended to test vision from a distance and in a second configuration intended to test near vision, it being understood that the refractor can also take all intermediate positions. The refractor 100 comprises a fixed part 102, intended to be mounted on a refraction head support, and a movable part 104 forming an orientable support, mounted on the fixed part 102 with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis H, for example on a given angular range. The fixed part 102 here has a gantry shape and comprises two vertical parallel uprights 106, 108 and a horizontal beam 110 joining the two uprights 106, 108 in their upper part and at which the fixed part 102 can be mounted on the support refractive head, of which a part 300 is visible in FIGS. 6 and 7. In the embodiment described, the orientable support 104 also has a gantry shape and thus comprises two parallel uprights 112, 114 and a cross member 116 which joins the two uprights 112, 114 in their upper part. The amount 106 of the fixed part 102 and the amount 112 of the orientable support 104 comprise complementary means for guiding in rotation around the horizontal axis H (see reference 113 in FIG. 10), located here in the lower region of these amounts. Similarly, the upright 108 of the fixed part 102 and the upright 114 of the orientable support 104 comprise complementary means for guiding in rotation around the horizontal axis H (see reference 115 in FIG. 10), located here in the lower region of these uprights 108, 114. Thus, the orientable support 104 is movable, relative to the fixed part 102 and around the horizontal axis H, between a position in which its uprights 112, 114 are vertical (illustrated in FIG. 6) and a position in which its uprights 112, 114 are inclined at an angle of inclination 13 with respect to the vertical V (illustrated in FIG. 7), with here p = 30 °. The orientable support 104 may be positioned in one or more intermediate positions between these two positions. The setting in motion of the orientable support 104 with respect to the fixed part 102 is here motorized: a worm driven by a motor 170 (clearly visible in FIG. 10) integral with the orientable support 104 meshes for example with a portion of an integral pinion of the fixed part 102. In a variant, the orientable support 104 could be moved manually with respect to the fixed part 102; it is then possible to provide mechanical means for stopping the rotation in one or more positions of the orientable support 104 relative to the fixed part 102. The uprights 106, 108 of the fixed part 102 here have substantially the same external shape. that the amounts 112, 114 of the orientable support 104 respectively; the amount 106 of the fixed part 102 is furthermore placed at the right of the amount 112 of the orientable support 104 and the amount 108 of the fixed part 102 is situated in line with the amount 114 of the orientable support 104. Furthermore, the beam 110 of the fixed part 102 is located at the right of the cross 116. It is furthermore provided that the structural elements of the fixed part 102 (that is to say the amounts 106, 108 and the beam 110) are hollow to accommodate the corresponding elements of the orientable support 104 (respectively the uprights 112, 114 and the cross-member 116) when the latter is in its vertical position, as illustrated in FIG. 6. FIGS. 8 and 9 are front views of the refractor which comes from 'to be presented, respectively seen operator side and seen patient side.
    [0018] As is clearly visible in these figures, the refractor 100 comprises a first visual compensation subsystem 120 presenting an eyepiece 121 intended for the patient's right eye and a second subsystem 122 having an eyepiece 123 intended for the left eye of the patient. patient. The first subsystem 120 is mounted (with a possibility of displacement in horizontal translation as hereinafter described with reference to FIG. 11) on a first articulated arm 124 which extends parallel to the cross-member 116, approximately on the half of the length of the cross member 116. The first articulated arm 124 is mounted on the cross member 116, in the end region thereof, that is to say in the vicinity of the upright 114, with a possibility of rotation around it. an axis M extending in the general direction of extension of the upright 114, as explained below with reference to FIG. 10. The first articulated arm 124 is mounted under the crossmember 116 and the first subsystem 120 is mounted on the first articulated arm 124 so as to extend, essentially, under the first articulated arm 124. In particular, the eyepiece 121 of the first subsystem 120 is located in its entirety under the first articulated arm 124. In a way Similarly, the second subsystem 122 is mounted (with a possibility of displacement in horizontal translation as will be described hereinafter with reference to FIG. 11) on a second articulated arm 126 which extends parallel to the cross member 116, approximately on the other half of the length of the cross-member 116. The second articulated arm 126 is mounted on the cross-member 116, in the end region thereof (opposite to the mounting region of the first articulated arm 124), that is to say near the post 112, with a possibility of rotation about an axis which extends in the general direction of extension of the post 112, as explained below with reference to FIG. articulated 124 is mounted under the crossbar 116 and the second subsystem 120 is mounted on the second articulated arm 126 so as to extend, essentially, under the second articulated arm 126. In particular, the eyepiece 123 of the second subsystem 122 is located in its entirety under the second articulated arm 126. More specifically, the respective centers of the eyepieces 121, 123 of the first and second subsystems 120, 122 are situated in the horizontal plane containing the horizontal axis H of rotation of the orientable support 104 relative to the fixed part 102. As clearly visible in FIG. 9, the fixed part 102 also carries means for positioning the patient's head 130, generally referred to as "front support", possibly at a position that is adjustable in translation in the vertical direction. (that is, parallel to the vertical axis V). It is proposed here that the refractor is sized so that the horizontal axis H passes through the centers of rotation of the patient's eyes. Thus, when the patient positions his head against the positioning means with his eyes in front of the eyepieces 121, 123, the subsystems 120, 122 have a very limited movement at the level of the eyepieces 121, 123 during the inclination of the support orientable 104 relative to the fixed portion 102, which further follows the patient's gaze (especially when the latter lowers the glance in near vision). Each subsystem 120, 122 comprises several elements protected by an enclosure 140 formed in particular of a front face 142, a rear face 144 and a bottom face 146. Each subsystem 120, 122 notably comprises a visual compensation 200 as described above with reference to Figures 1 to 5. The front face 142 and the rear face 144 each have an optical window 143, 145 which defines (in each face 142, 144) the eyepiece 121, 123 of subsystem 120, 122. Subsystem 122 is described below in detail with reference to FIG. 12. Subsystem 120 is similarly constructed (both subsystems 120, 122 being symmetrical). relative to a vertical plane passing through the middle of the crossbar 116). Thanks to the limited space requirement of the visual compensation device 200 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the lower face 146 of each subsystem 120, 122 is close to the optical axis of the visual compensation device concerned ( in other words, the center of the eyepiece 121, 123 concerned). Thus, because of the construction adopted as indicated above (axis of rotation H at the centers of the oculars 121, 123), the lower face 146 of each subsystem 120, 122 is close (for example located at a distance d less than or equal to 30 mm or less, preferably less than or equal to 20 mm - here equal to 20 mm, in projection in a vertical plane) of the axis of rotation H of the orientable support 104 with respect to the fixed part 102 As a result, the steerable support 104, and in particular the subsystems 120, 122, do not interfere with the user's face when the steerable support 104 is rotated about the horizontal axis H to pass from the configuration adapted to measuring the distance vision (Figure 6) to the configuration adapted to the measurement of near vision (Figure 7). Each subassembly 120, 122 also comprises means for positioning a diasporameter 150, 152 movable between two distinct positions on the front face 142: in a first position, the prisms of the diasporameter are aligned with the center of the eyepiece 121 , 123 concerned, that is to say with the optical axis of the visual compensation device concerned; in the second position, the diasporameter is positioned outside the eyepiece 121, 123 concerned and leaves free the optical window 143. In the example described here, these positioning means are magnets carried by each diasporameter 150, 152 and intended to cooperate with magnetic elements (here magnets) of the relevant subsystem 120, 122, as explained below with reference to Figure 12. Each diasporameter 150, 152 comprises two frames guided in rotation, toothed at their periphery and carrying in a housing a prism, the 25 prisms of the two frames being aligned. Each frame can be rotated by a dedicated actuator, consisting for example of a motor (stepper or DC) and a worm. Each diasporameter 150, 152 may furthermore comprise an accelerometer in order to be able to determine its own position on the front face 142 of the chamber of the subsystem 120, 122. As can be seen in FIG. 8, the orientable support 104 presents, by example in the central region of the cross 116, a lighting means 154 (for example realized by means of an infrared transmitter / receiver), usable in particular during the measurement of sharpness in near vision, and a transmitting device / Receiver 156 associated with an electronic control board 160 as explained below with reference to Figure 10. Figure 10 shows in detail the swivel support 104 in the form of a cutaway.
    [0019] The crossmember 116 houses the electronic control board 160, arranged here horizontally and on almost the entire length of the crossmember 116. The electronic control board 160 carries in particular the lighting means 154 and the transmitter / receiver device 156, here in contact with a front face of the crosspiece 116 provided with orifices respectively to the right of the lighting means 154 and the transceiver device 156. The cross 116 also houses, respectively on either side of the electronic card 160 (in the direction of the length of the crosspiece 116), a first motor 161 and a second motor 162: the first motor 161 serves to cause the displacement of the first articulated arm 124 about its axis of rotation 164 (oriented as already indicated according to direction M extension of the amount 114); the second motor 162 makes it possible to cause the second articulated arm 126 to move about its axis of rotation 166 (parallel to the axis 164 of rotation of the first articulated arm and to the direction M). Each of the first and second motors 161, 162 is mounted at one end of the control electronic board 160 and is controlled by it in accordance with the instructions received through the transceiver device 156. As can be seen in FIG. 10 the displacement of the articulated arms 124, 126 due to the actuation of the motors 161, 162 makes it possible to converge the optical axes of the subsystems 120, 122 (carried respectively by the articulated arms 124, 126 as already indicated), especially in a way adapted to near vision. It is understood that the articulated arms 124, 126 can generally be moved forward or rearward of the general plane of the refractor. The angle of convergence cP to be used for a measurement of visual acuity at a distance D (distance between the pupil and the acuity scale) and for a person having a pupillary half-distance dPD for the eye concerned is given by the formula: cP = arctan (dPD / D). To be able to adapt to the largest pupillary differences generally encountered (80 mm) and to an observed object (acuity scale) at a distance D = 350 mm, it is for example expected that each subsystem 120, 122 may have a rotational movement about the associated axis 164, 166 up to a limit value between 5 ° and 20 °, here 6.5 °. The orientable support 104 also carries (here inside the upright 112) the engine 170 which makes it possible, as indicated above, to adjust the inclination of the orientable support 104 with respect to the fixed part 102. The engine 170 is also connected to the electronic control board 160 and can thus be controlled by instructions received through the transmitter / receiver device 156. A coding system (coded wheel / sensor), also linked to the electronic control board 160, is optionally placed in the lower part of the upright 112 in order to permanently know the inclination of the orientable support 104 with respect to the fixed part 102. The electronic card 160 and the motors 161, 162, 170 are for example powered by means of a circuit of FIG. power supply connected to the practitioner's electricity network on the side of the fixed part 102 and which joins the orientable support 104 in the rotational support mounting zone of the orientable support 104 on the Each of the uprights 102, 114 of the steerable support 104 also carries an image capture device 168, 169, here a camera (using for example a CMOS sensor equipped with an infrared or visible type objective) connected to the electronic control board 160 by a wired link, mounted so that its axis of view is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation H of the orientable support 104 relative to the fixed part 102: each image capture device 168 , 169 thus has in its field a profile of the face at the eye concerned and the rear face 144 of the enclosure of the subsystem 120, 122 concerned at the eyepiece 121, 123 concerned. Thus, for the left eye and for the right eye, the control electronic card 160 can process the image taken by the image capture device 168, 169 concerned: on the one hand, this image can be emitted to through the transmitter / receiver device 156 to an external system, such as a practitioner's computer, for example that the practitioner can verify that the patient's eyes are properly positioned in the center of the eyepieces 121, 123; on the other hand, the electronic control board 160 can measure, on the basis of this image, the distance between the vertex of the cornea of the eye concerned and the rear face 144 of the enclosure of the subsystem 120, 122 concerned in order to possibly correct the power instructions of the visual compensation device concerned to take account of this distance. Indeed, taking the example of a spherical power S of equivalent focal length F, a positioning error ε amounts to having a focal correction F ', equivalent to a spherical power S', with: F '= - a and s_s E 1 F which gives a first approximation S '= s. (1+ E s) The electronic control board 160 will therefore send, to each of the visual compensation devices, spherical and cylindrical power instructions which will depend not only on spherical and cylindrical powers sought by the practitioner, but also the eye-device distance (here horny - back 144) measured by the image capture device 168, 169.
    [0020] Figure 11 shows in detail the mounting of the subsystem 122 for measuring the visual acuity of the patient's left eye on the articulated arm 126. The articulated arm 126 carries at its outer end (that is, that is, for subsystem 122 for the left eye, its left end seen on the patient side as in FIG. 11) a motor 180 (here a stepper motor) designed to rotate a threaded rod 182 on which is mounted a slide 184 provided with an internal thread complementary to that of the threaded rod 182. The slide 184 is extended downwardly by an extension 185 which extends through a groove formed in the lower wall of the arm articulated 126 and at the lower end of which is mounted the subsystem 122. As will be explained below with reference to Figure 12, the subsystem 122 comprises a visual compensation device 200 such as that described above in ref 1 to 5, oriented so that its parallelepipedal space for receiving the motors is located laterally and on the outside (here on the left, seen on the patient side) of its cylindrical space for receiving the optical elements, that is to say say the eyepiece 123 (which corresponds to the optical window 145 formed in the rear face 144 of the enclosure of the subsystem 122, rear face 144 formed at this point by the housing 12 of the visual compensation device 200). In other words, the visual compensation device 200 is positioned within the subsystem 122 so that the Z axis visible in FIGS. 2 to 4 is parallel to the horizontal axis of rotation H (the Y axis of FIG. at 4 being meanwhile parallel to the extension direction M of the amount 112). The subsystem 122 is precisely mounted on the extension 185 of the slide 184 at the level of the visual compensation device 200, in the junction portion between the parallelepipedal space for receiving the motors and the cylindrical space for receiving the optical elements. The motor 180 is connected to the electronic control board 160 and can thus be controlled on the basis of instructions received through the transceiver device 156. Furthermore, a coding system 186 (coded wheel / sensor), also connected to the electronic control board 160 allows to know precisely the angular position of the threaded rod 182 and thus the position of the slide 184 and the subsystem 122. The activation of the motor 180 allows the rotation of the threaded rod 182 and therefore the movement of the slide 184 and the subsystem 122 along the articulated arm 126. Thus, the subassembly 122 may in particular take two positions: an adjustable position adapted to the morphology of the patient (such as the patient's eye and the eyepiece 123 are aligned) and a retracted position, in which the slide 184 is placed at its outer end position (left in FIG. 11) and the subsystem 122 is therefore outside the patient's field of vision. The retracted position can be used for example to measure the visual acuity of the patient without correction or to position the refractor at a height adapted to the patient (since the practitioner will then see without difficulty the eyes of the patient), the subset 122 may then be brought into working position in a second time. As already indicated, the mounting of the subsystem 120 on the articulated arm 124 and its displacement are performed in a similar manner to that just described for the subsystem 122 on the articulated arm 126.
    [0021] Figure 12 shows the subsystem 122 designed for measuring visual acuity of the patient's left eye. As indicated above, this subsystem 122 comprises in particular a visual compensation device 200 such as that described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The subsystem 122 is moreover closed by an enclosure whose rear face 144 is formed by a portion of the housing 12 of the visual compensation device 200. Between the visual compensation device 200 and the front face 142 of the enclosure (in the direction of the optical axis), the subsystem 122 carries a wheel internal 190 and an outer wheel 192 centered on a common axis of rotation parallel to the optical axis and distinct therefrom (the optical axis being that of the visual compensation device 200, located in the center of the eyepiece 123). The inner wheel 190 carries for example a plurality of optical elements (eg occulting part, polarizing filter, color filter, Maddox filter, decoupling prism), one of which can selectively be placed in front of the optical axis. The internal wheel 190 also has a free passage which can also be positioned in front of the optical axis so that the optical processing provided by the subsystem 122 corresponds to that generated by the visual compensation device 200. In the embodiment described here where the subsystem 122 carries on its front face 142 a diasporameter 152 movable on the front face 142, the outer wheel 192 carries for example magnetic elements (here magnets) which cooperate as already indicated with magnets of the diasporameter so that a displacement of the outer wheel 192 about the aforementioned common axis causes the movement of the diasporameter 152 between its first position (where the prisms are located on the optical axis) and its second position (where the diasporameter leaves free the field vision defined by the eyepiece 123). The inner wheel 190 and / or the outer wheel 192 are for example mounted in a removable housing provided with a dust protection blade. The practitioner can thus change the optical elements (filter, prism, occultation portion) present in the subsystem 122. The front face 142 has a recess 195 to reduce the volume of the subsystem 122 in its lower part in order to limit the length of the optical path in the product to the benefit of the width of the field of vision. The inner wheel 190 and the outer wheel 192 are here provided with teeth on their periphery, on which is engaged a pinion driven by the corresponding drive motor 194, 196.
    [0022] The drive motors 194, 196 are controlled by the electronic control board 160. An absolute coding system not shown allows the initialization of the inner wheel 190 and the outer wheel 192 dissociated. Thanks to the design adopted, the subsystem 122 is of reduced dimensions, typically less than 120 mm in height (that is to say in the direction M) and in width (that is to say in the direction H) and less than 60 mm depending on the thickness (that is to say along the optical axis X of the visual compensation device 200); in the example described here, each subsystem is 80 mm in height, 80 mm in width and 43 mm in thickness.
    [0023] An example of use of the refractor just described is now described. The subsystems 120, 122 are first positioned in the retracted position (that is to say at their horizontal position furthest from a median vertical plane passing through the middle of the crossbar 116). The orientable support 104 is itself in a vertical position (that is to say in the configuration of the refractor adapted to distant vision as represented in FIG. 6). The patient then places his head in front of the refractor. The practitioner can thus adjust the height position of the refractor by conventional means not discussed here, all the more easily as he sees the eyes of the patient that the subsystems 120, 122 are in the retracted position. The patient then places his forehead on the positioning means 130 and the practitioner controls (for example using a computer that sends instructions adapted to the electronic control card 160) the activation of the motors 180 so as to move the subsystems 120, 122 horizontally along the articulated arms 124, 126 until the eyepieces 121, 123 are located in front of the patient's eyes. The refractor is at this time configured to measure the visual acuity of the patient in far vision.
    [0024] The practitioner can then control (also by means of the computer that issues instructions to the electronic control card 160) the positioning of the different elements of each subsystem 120, 122, and in particular: - according to the instructions of spherical and cylindrical corrections for a given eye received by the control electronic card 160, the control electronic card 160 issues instructions to the visual compensation device associated with the eye concerned, taking into account as indicated above the distance between the eye and the visual compensation device measured by the image capture device; the control electronic card 160 optionally controls the rotation of the motor 194 in order to place, if necessary, a filter or an additional prism along the optical axis; - The electronic control board 160 optionally controls the rotation of the motor 196 to place if necessary the prisms of the diasporameter 150, 152 in front of the eyepiece 121, 123 concerned, and the rotation of the motors of the diasporameter 150, 152 to obtain prismatic correction required. When a correction adapted to the ametropia of the patient in far vision is found, the practitioner controls for example the storage of correction values (spherical, cylindrical and prismatic) in association with the current inclination of the orientable support (determined, for example by the electronic control board 160 through the coding system associated with the engine 170 or by the visual compensation devices 200 by means of the orientation information delivered by the accelerometer), here a zero inclination.
    [0025] The practitioner then controls the inclination of the orientable support 104 (by means of its rotation relative to the fixed part 102 around the horizontal axis H, made by means of the motor 170 controlled by the electronic control board 160 as a function of instructions received via the transceiver device 156 of the practitioner's computer).
    [0026] The refractor is then in its configuration in which the orientable support 104 is inclined, for example 30 ° relative to the vertical, to measure the visual acuity of the patient in near vision. It is understood that one can also position the steerable support 104 in other intermediate positions to measure the visual acuity in intermediate view.
    [0027] As already indicated, since the horizontal axis H is placed at the center of rotation of the eyepieces 121, 123 follow the patient's gaze and the refractor is ready to measure the visual acuity of the patient in near vision without that he has to reposition himself.
    [0028] The practitioner can then control (as already explained above for far vision) the positioning of the different elements of each subsystem 120, 122. When a correction adapted to the ametropia of the patient in close vision is found, the practitioner controls for example the memorization of the correction values (spherical, cylindrical and prismatic) in association with the current inclination of the orientable support (determined for example by the control electronic card 160 thanks to the coding system associated with the engine 170 or by the visual compensation devices 200 thanks to the orientation information delivered by the accelerometer), here an inclination of 30 °.
    [0029] The stored correction values (both for far vision and for near vision, and possibly for intermediate vision) can then be used for producing ophthalmic lenses adapted to the patient's view.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Refractor (100) comprising: - an enclosure comprising a front face (142) having a first optical window (143) and a rear face (144) having a second optical window (145) aligned with the first optical window (143) in accordance with a optical axis of observation; at least one visual compensation device (10; 200) for observing along the optical observation axis, characterized in that the visual compensation device (10; 200) comprises, between the first window and the second window, a first optical element (6) spherical power along the variable optical axis, and in that - the enclosure is mounted on a rotatable support (104) rotatable relative to a fixed portion (102) around a horizontal axis (H).
    [0002]
    The refractor of claim 1, wherein the visual compensation device (10; 200) is adapted to generate cylindrical correction of variable cylinder axis and variable power.
    [0003]
    The refractor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the visual compensation device (10; 200) comprises a second optical element (2) of cylindrical power and a third optical element (4) of cylindrical power, the second optical element ( 2) and the third optical element (4) being adjustable in rotation about the optical axis independently of one another.
    [0004]
    4. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the enclosure is mounted on an articulated arm (124; 126) relative to the orientable support (104) about an axis perpendicular (M) to the axis horizontal (H).
    [0005]
    5. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the enclosure is mounted on the steerable support (104) at an adjustable position along the horizontal axis (H).
    [0006]
    6. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a wheel (190; 192) is rotatably mounted in the enclosure about an axis parallel to the optical axis and carries at least one complementary element for to be placed in front of the optical axis.
    [0007]
    7. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising means for movably mounting a diasporameter (150; 152) on the front face (142) of the enclosure in a first position, wherein at least one prism the diasporameter (150; 152) is aligned with the optical axis, and in a second position, in which the diasporameter (150; 152) leaves the first optical window free.
    [0008]
    8. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the enclosure has a lower face (146) and wherein the distance, in projection in a vertical plane, between the optical axis and the lower face (146). is less than 30 mm.
    [0009]
    9. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the position of the orientable support (104) is adjustable in rotation about the horizontal axis (H) by means of an actuator (170).
    [0010]
    10. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fixed portion (102) comprises positioning means (130) of a portion of the head of a user and wherein the fixed portion (102). is dimensioned so that said horizontal axis (H) passes through the eyes of said user.
    [0011]
    The refractor of claim 10, wherein the fixed portion is sized so that the horizontal axis (H) passes through the center of rotation of at least one eye of said user.
    [0012]
    12. Refractor according to one of claims 1 to 11, comprising at least one image capture device (168; 169) having a shooting axis, wherein the image capture device (168; 169) is mounted in the refractor (10) so that the axis of view is substantially parallel to said horizontal axis (H).
    [0013]
    The refractor of claim 12, wherein the image capturing device (168; 169) is adapted to measure the distance between the eye and the visual compensation device (200).
    [0014]
    The refractor of claim 13, wherein the visual compensation device is adapted to control the spherical power of the first optical element (6) as a function of the measured distance.
    [0015]
    15. Refraction measuring method by means of a refractor according to one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the following steps: - inclination of the orientable support (104) relative to the fixed part (102); the spherical power of the first optical element (6); - memorization of the spherical power set.
    [0016]
    The measuring method according to claim 15, wherein the adjustment of the spherical power is performed according to a distance between a user's eye and the visual compensation device measured by an image capture device (168). 169).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3128894B1|2021-03-17|
    JP6629756B2|2020-01-15|
    CN104977732A|2015-10-14|
    KR20160142840A|2016-12-13|
    CA2944975A1|2015-10-15|
    US10492676B2|2019-12-03|
    CN204576010U|2015-08-19|
    WO2015155458A1|2015-10-15|
    KR102343290B1|2021-12-24|
    EP3128894A1|2017-02-15|
    FR3019458B1|2016-04-22|
    ES2869390T3|2021-10-25|
    US20170027435A1|2017-02-02|
    CN104977732B|2018-01-09|
    JP2017510384A|2017-04-13|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1453129A|FR3019458B1|2014-04-08|2014-04-08|REFRACTOR|FR1453129A| FR3019458B1|2014-04-08|2014-04-08|REFRACTOR|
    CA2944975A| CA2944975A1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Phoropter, and method for measuring refraction using a phoroptor of said type|
    PCT/FR2015/050892| WO2015155458A1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Phoropter, and method for measuring refraction using a phoroptor of said type|
    KR1020167027962A| KR102343290B1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Phoroptor, and method for measuring refraction using a phoroptor of said type|
    JP2016561821A| JP6629756B2|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Method of measuring refraction using a phoropter and a phoropter of the type described above|
    ES15718544T| ES2869390T3|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Refractor and method for measuring refraction using such a refractor|
    CN201510161809.7A| CN104977732B|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Refractor and the method using this refractor measurement dioptric|
    EP15718544.8A| EP3128894B1|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Phoropter, and method for measuring refraction using a phoroptor of said type|
    CN201520205409.7U| CN204576010U|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Refractor|
    US15/302,379| US10492676B2|2014-04-08|2015-04-07|Phoropter, and method for measuring refraction using a phoroptor of said type|
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