• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A cryogenic fluid storage tank devoid of vacuum insulation and comprising a wall (3) comprising a multilayer structure comprising, from the inside of the tank (1) towards the outside of the tank (1): a first layer (13) ) sealant comprising one of: a resin reinforced with glass fibers and / or carbon fibers, a polymer such as polyurethane, aluminum, steel, stainless steel, - a second layer (23) comprising a layer of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, - a third layer (33) comprising a thermal insulation thickness, - a fourth layer (43) comprising a thickness of material laminate based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, the first layer (13) having a thickness of between 0.1mm and 6mm, the second layer (23) having a thickness of between 5 and 40mm, the third layer (33) having a thickness of between 20 and 200 mm, the fourth layer (43) having a thickness of between 2 and 20 mm.
    公开号:FR3018895A1
    申请号:FR1452324
    申请日:2014-03-20
    公开日:2015-09-25
    发明作者:Lucien Varrassi
    申请人:Cryolor SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a storage tank for the transportation of cryogenic fluid. The invention relates more particularly to a storage tank for transporting a cryogenic fluid, in particular liquefied carbon dioxide, the tank being devoid of vacuum insulation and comprising a wall delimiting a storage volume for fluid, said wall The transport of large quantities of fluids such as carbon dioxide generally uses semi-trailer type vehicles comprising a single-wall cryogenic tank (that is, without a double chamber with a vacuum at the inter-wall). The tank is thermally insulated and stores the fluid at a pressure for example between 18bar and 25bar and a temperature between -10 ° C and -100 ° C.
    [0002] For chemical compatibility, mechanical strength and cold resistance, the storage tank is conventionally made of fine-grained carbon steel, resilient (resistant) at a temperature of -50 ° C and provided with external insulation. The thickness of the steel wall of such a tank is generally about 10 mm for a total vehicle mass of eight to ten tons. Insulation is usually provided through a 150mm thick polyurethane insulation layer. Such a reservoir is however expensive and has a relatively large mass.
    [0003] An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above. For this purpose, the reservoir according to the invention, moreover, conforming to the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the multilayer structure of the wall comprises, from the inside of the reservoir to the exterior of the tank: a first waterproof layer comprising one of: a resin reinforced with glass fibers and / or carbon fibers, a polymer such as polyurethane, aluminum, steel, stainless steel, - a second layer comprising a layer of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, - a third layer comprising a thermal insulation thickness, - a fourth layer comprising a layer of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, the first layer having a thickness of between 0.1 mm and 6 mm, the second layer having a thickness of between 5 and 40 mm, the third layer having a thickness of thickness between 20 and 200 mm, the fourth layer having a thickness of between 2 and 20mm. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: at least one of: the second layer and the fourth layer, comprises carbon fibers or laminated glass fibers by means of an epoxy or polyamide type resin, the third layer comprises at least one of: expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane, mineral wool, animal wool, wood fibers , hemp fiber, cotton wool, flax, sheep's wool, duck feathers, cellulose wadding, expanded cork, perlite, expanded vermiculite, cellular glass, less a vacuum insulating panel, the at least one panel consisting of an airgel wrapped in a vacuum-tight film, the airgel may be of the "nanostructured silica" type, a polyurethane foam including an insulating foam of the type polyurethane, balsa wood, a layer comprising a sandwich core, the first layer has a thickness of between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, the second layer has a thickness between ten and thirty millimeters, the third layer has a thickness of between forty and one hundred. Fifty millimeters, the fourth layer has a thickness of between four and fifteen millimeters, the first layer has a thickness of between one and four millimeters, the second layer has a thickness between fifteen and twenty-five millimeters, the third layer has a thickness between forty and one hundred and fifty millimeters, the fourth layer has a thickness of between four and fifteen millimeters, the reservoir has a generally cylindrical shape and comprises a plurality of support feet which extend over a portion of the circumference of the reservoir to form elements for holding and fixing the reservoir in a horizontal position, orts are arranged around the outer wall and a filament winding is formed around the outer wall provided with support legs, - the reservoir comprises, in the interior volume delimited by the inner wall, at least one partition transverse to a longitudinal axis of the reservoir the at least one partition being perforated to both allow a flow of liquid in the reservoir in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis and form a breeze, the at least one transverse partition is made of the same material as the first layer, the at least one transverse partition is fixed on a tubular section forming a central part of the wall of the tank, the at least one transverse partition is mounted tight between two tubular sections assembled to each other to form a central part of the tank wall, - the two ends of the central part of the tank are closed by fixed bottom walls at the ends of the central part of the wall (3) of the tank, the wall comprises at least one mechanical reinforcing element disposed on its outer surface at the location of the at least one transverse partition, a winding of reinforcing fiber is wound on the central portion and the bottom walls assembled at both ends of the central portion. The invention also relates to a semitrailer comprising a tank according to any one of the above characteristics or below. The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features. Other particularities and advantages will appear on reading the following description, with reference to the figures in which: Other features and advantages will appear on reading the description below, with reference to the figures in which: FIG. 1 represents a side view, schematic and partial, illustrating a mobile tank on a semi-trailer type vehicle, FIG. 2, a side view, in schematic and partial vertical section, illustrating an exemplary structure. of the wall of a reservoir embodiment according to the invention, - Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view, schematic and partial, illustrating an example of a reservoir structure of a possible embodiment according to the invention, FIG. 4 represents a schematic and partial perspective view illustrating an example of a tank structure according to a possible embodiment of the invention; - Figures 5 and 6 illustrate exploded side and sectional views respectively illustrating two possible examples of tank structures according to the invention. The invention relates to a storage tank for the transport of cryogenic fluid and more specifically to a tank capable of storing CO2 in the form of a mixture of liquid and gas at low temperatures, for example between -10 ° C. and - 100 ° C and at a pressure between 18bar and 25bar. As shown in Figure 1, and without this being limiting, such a tank 1 (or tank) may be mounted removably or not on the trailer of a vehicle 2 such as a truck. According to the invention, the structure of the reservoir is modified with respect to the prior art by the use of a composite structure. The inventors have in particular determined that CO2 poses no problem of chemical compatibility with the materials described above or below. That is, instead of a conventionally used fine-grained carbon steel partition, it is possible to use a reservoir comprising an internal gel coat surface ("gel coat"). For example, a resin thickness of the order of 1 mm may be provided and on which is laminated a first skin (conventional composite construction). This makes it possible to obtain a smooth surface and to ensure a minimum of tightness to the liquid under pressure. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the wall 3 of the tank 1 preferably comprises a multilayer structure comprising, from the inside of the tank towards the outside of the tank: a first impervious layer 13 made of a resin, in particular a laminated resin comprising carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, a polymer such as polyurethane or aluminum, steel or stainless steel, - a second layer 23 comprising a layer of laminated fiber material 5 carbons and / or glass fibers, - a third layer 33 comprising a thermal insulation thickness, - a fourth layer 43 comprising a layer of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers. For example, one of: the second layer 13 and the fourth layer 43 comprises carbon fibers or glass fibers laminated with an epoxy or polyamide type resin. The third layer 33 forms a thermal insulation and preferably comprises at least one of: expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (PSX), polyurethane (PUR), mineral wool, animal wool, wood fiber, hemp fiber, cotton wool, flax, sheep's wool, duck feathers, cellulose wadding, expanded cork, perlite, expanded vermiculite, cellular glass, at least one vacuum insulating panel, the at least one panel consisting of an airgel wrapped in a vacuum-tight film, the airgel may be of the "nanostructured silica" type, a polyurethane foam including a insulating foam of the polyurethane type, balsa wood, a layer comprising a sandwich core. The first layer 13 preferably has a thickness of between 0.1 mm and 6 mm, and more preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, for example 1 mm or 4 mm or between 1 and 3 mm, for example 1 mm or 3 mm. The second layer 23 has a thickness of preferably between 5 and 40 mm and more preferably between ten and thirty millimeters, for example between fifteen and twenty-five millimeters, and in particular twenty millimeters. The third layer 33 has for example a thickness of between 20 and 200 mm, preferably between forty and one hundred and fifty millimeters. The fourth layer 43 preferably has a thickness of between two and twenty millimeters and more preferably between four and fifteen millimeters. Thus, the tank 1 may if necessary not comprise steel and be entirely of composite structure without steel / metal / aluminum. This composite structure of the wall 3 constituting the tank 1 allows a satisfactory thermal insulation, a good seal while ensuring good mechanical strength to all. This structure has good chemical compatibility with CO2 and a relatively low mass. This multilayer structure makes it possible to confer on the assembly a determined stiffness and a resistance to buckling and to dynamic forces.
    [0004] Preferably, the interior volume delimited by the walls 3 comprises transverse partitions 8 pierced at their center to form stream bursts (central openings of diameter of the order of 100mm to 800mm for example). As illustrated in FIG. 5, this partition 3 may consist of several cylindrical sections 102 assembled in series, the perforated transverse partitions 8 forming flow breakers being interposed and embedded between two adjacent cylindrical sections 102. Once this central cylindrical portion assembled, it can be wound of reinforcing composite material. After winding, this cylindrical portion may be closed at its ends by respective funds 202 for example pre-molded and also covered with this layer (the funds have the same multilayer structure as the central cylindrical portion, see Figure 6). The bottoms 202 can be assembled to the central part via an additional local winding of this second layer (resin + fibers). This complementary local circumferential covering winding may be on a longitudinal zone of 100 to 200 mm wide, for example. According to another possible embodiment, the two thermoformed funds 202 are of the same material as the wall 3 of the central part and the winding is carried out on the whole (central part + fund 202). This winding can not in principle be made up to the axis of the structure (because of the holding tool at the ends). If necessary a manual laminating finish can be carried out if necessary after winding up to the nearest axis (up to a diameter of 300 mm for example). The reservoir 1 is preferably reinforced at the level of the portions comprising the transverse partitions 8. For example balsa wood reinforcements may be provided locally around the cylindrical portion to locally reinforce the reservoir 1 to withstand the local dynamic stresses which are reflected in the interface (for example a mass of liquid in pressure against the breezes-waves under 2g of moving liquid forward). In the case of a first layer 13 made of aluminum or stainless steel or steel, a subassembly comprising the partitions 8 aluminum (the thickness required to withstand the dynamic effects of liquefied gas), the central cylindrical part (ferrule) and the funds 202 can be made by boiler. This minimum thickness can be welded by known welding processes of the TIG or MIG / MAG type provided that suitable holding tools are used. The assembly thus welded can then be covered with the other layers 23, 33, 43 and possibly a filament winding.
    [0005] The two pre-molded bases 202 can be assembled and welded to the central part and the assembly can be covered with the other layers by assembly lamination. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the reservoir 1 preferably has a generally cylindrical shape and comprises a plurality of support feet 7 which extend over part of the circumference of the reservoir 1 to form reservoir holding and fixing elements. 1 in horizontal position. These supports 7 are preferably arranged around the outer wall 3 and a filament winding can be made around the outer wall 3 provided with 7 feet supports. These supports 7 also form structural reinforcements. While being adapted (chemically, mechanically and thermally) to carry carbon dioxide, such a reservoir structure makes it possible to significantly reduce the mass and the cost of the reservoir compared to the prior art.
    [0006] Thus, for a semi-trailer tank having a volume of about 26000 liters, the mass of the tank can be approximated as follows: a first layer 13 (liner) of polyurethane of about 200kg - a second layer of 20mm thickness of laminated material (carbon + resin) on a surface of 70m2 increased by 10% at the level of local reinforcements (end of the ferrule, bottom thicker than the rest ...) can be estimated at 2300kg, - a third insulation layer having a thickness between 40 and 150mm, balsa wood to reinforce the structure to the right of the cradles can be estimated at 700kg - a fourth layer of 4mm thick laminate material (carbon + resin) of about a mass of about 500kg, - four walls 8 breakwaters total mass estimated at 200kg in total, - seven bays and assembly windings evaluated to 200kg in total, the total mass of the tank according to an embodiment of the invention can be estimated at around 4100kg. The mass of tanks according to the prior art with fine-grained carbon steel structure is about 8000kg. Thus, the mass gain with respect to carbon may be of the order of 3900 kg.
    [0007] Other this considerable mass gain. The solution according to the invention is also more advantageous as regards its cost (savings achieved by the reduction in the mass of steel used). Although preferably the first layer is made of plastic (polyurethane type polymer) alternatively, the first layer 13 (liner) may be made of aluminum, stainless steel or carbon steel with fine gains resilient to a temperature of - 50 ° C.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A storage tank for transporting a cryogenic fluid, especially liquefied carbon dioxide, the tank (1) being devoid of vacuum insulation and comprising a wall (3) defining a storage space for fluid, said wall comprises a multilayer structure characterized in that the multilayer structure of the wall (3) comprises, from the inside of the tank (1) towards the outside of the tank (1): - a first waterproof layer (13) comprising one of a resin reinforced with glass fibers and / or carbon fibers, a polymer such as polyurethane, aluminum, steel, stainless steel, a second layer (23) comprising a thickness of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, - a third layer (33) comprising a thickness of thermal insulation, - a fourth layer (43) comprising a layer of laminated material based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers, the first layer (13) having a thickness of between 0.1mm and 6mm, the second layer (23) having a thickness of between 5 and 40mm, the third layer (33) having a thickness of between 20 and 200mm, the fourth layer (43) having a thickness of between 2 and 20mm.
    [0002]
    2. Tank according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of: the second layer (13) and the fourth layer (43) comprises carbon fibers or glass fibers laminated by means of a epoxy or polyamide type resin.
    [0003]
    3. Tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third layer (33) comprises at least one of: expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (PSX), polyurethane (PUR), mineral wool, animal wool, wood fibers, hemp fibers, cotton wool, flax, sheep's wool, duck feathers, cellulose wadding, expanded cork, perlite, expanded vermiculite, cellular glass, at least one vacuum insulating panel, the at least one panel consisting of an airgel wrapped in a vacuum-tight film, the airgel may be of the "nanostructured silica" type, a polyurethane foam including an insulating foam of the polyurethane type, balsa wood, a layer comprising a sandwich core.
    [0004]
    4. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first layer (13) has a thickness between 0.5mm and 5mm, the second layer (23) has a thickness of between ten and thirty. millimeters, the third layer (33) has a thickness of between forty and one hundred and fifty millimeters, the fourth layer (43) has a thickness of between four and fifteen millimeters.
    [0005]
    5. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the first layer (13) has a thickness of between one and four millimeters, the second layer (23) has a thickness of between fifteen and twenty- five millimeters, the third layer (33) has a thickness of between forty and one hundred and fifty millimeters, the fourth layer (43) has a thickness of between four and fifteen millimeters.
    [0006]
    6. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the reservoir (1) has a generally cylindrical shape and comprises a plurality of feet (7) supports which extend over a portion of the circumference of the reservoir (1) to form holding and fixing elements of the reservoir (1) in horizontal position.
    [0007]
    7. Tank according to claim 6, characterized in that the feet (7) supports are arranged around the outer wall (3) and in that a filament winding is formed around the outer wall (3) provided with feet ( 7) supports.
    [0008]
    8. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises, in the interior volume defined by the wall (2) internal, at least one partition (8) transverse to a longitudinal axis of the reservoir ( 1), the at least one partition (8) being perforated to both allow a stream of liquid in the reservoir (1) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis and form a breeze.
    [0009]
    9. Tank according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one transverse partition (8) consists of the same material as the first layer.
    [0010]
    10. Tank according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one partition (8) transverse is fixed on a section (102) tubular forming a central portion of the wall (3) of the tank (1).
    [0011]
    11. Tank according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the at least one transverse partition (8) is mounted tight between two tubular sections (102) assembled to one another to form a central portion. of the wall (3) of the tank (1).
    [0012]
    12. Tank according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the two ends of the central portion of the tank are closed by bottom walls (202) attached to the ends of the central portion of the wall (3) of the tank (1). ).
    [0013]
    13. Tank according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the wall (3) comprises at least one mechanical reinforcing element disposed on its outer surface at the location of the at least one partition (8). ) transverse.
    [0014]
    14. Tank according to claim 12, characterized in that a winding of reinforcing fiber is wound on the central portion (102) and the bottom walls (202) assembled at both ends of the central portion.
    [0015]
    15. Semi-trailer comprising a tank according to any one of claims 1 to 14.25
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    US20150267866A1|2015-09-24|
    EP2942556A3|2016-04-27|
    FR3018895B1|2017-04-21|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2016-03-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-12-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20211105 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1452324A|FR3018895B1|2014-03-20|2014-03-20|CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE TANK AND SEMI-TRAILER HAVING SUCH A RESERVOIR.|FR1452324A| FR3018895B1|2014-03-20|2014-03-20|CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE TANK AND SEMI-TRAILER HAVING SUCH A RESERVOIR.|
    EP15153756.0A| EP2942556B1|2014-03-20|2015-02-04|Storage tank for a cryogenic fluid and trailer comprising such a tank|
    US14/664,008| US20150267866A1|2014-03-20|2015-03-20|Cryogenic fluid storage tank and truck comprising such a tank|
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