• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a coupling device comprising an attached frame (9) mounted on a tool (3), such as an agricultural implement, and a coupling frame (8) mounted on a lifting system (6, 7). ) of a machine (1), such as an agricultural tractor, equipped with a PTO (2), and transmission means comprising coupling members (50, 51) adapted to be moved between a position disengaged and an engaged position, mounted on the frames (8, 9) so as to be movable in translation along a vertical axis (z) and free to rotate about an axis said transverse (y). In addition, prepositioning means are adapted to maintain, in their disengaged position, the two coupling members (50, 51), in a predetermined position along the vertical axis (z), and to allow, in their engaged position deflections of said coupling members coupled along the vertical axis (z), and inclinations thereof around the transverse axis (y).
    公开号:FR3018029A1
    申请号:FR1400525
    申请日:2014-03-03
    公开日:2015-09-04
    发明作者:Romain RIBO
    申请人:TRACTO LOCK；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a coupling device for a tool with a receiving shaft, such as an agricultural implement, on a lifting system of a machine, such as an agricultural tractor, equipped with a strength. More specifically, the invention relates more particularly to a coupling device of a tool such as an agricultural implement with a receiving shaft, on a lifting system of a machine such as an agricultural tractor a power takeoff comprising: - two frames consisting of a hitch said frame having fasteners to the lifting system of the machine, and a hitched said frame 10 having fasteners to the tool, adapted to extend transversely relative to the machine and to the tool respectively, said hitch frame and hitched frame delimiting junction faces adapted to allow the pairing and having relative locking means in the said paired position, - transmission means comprising: - complementary coupling members mounted respectively on the coupling frame and on the frame coupled by means of relative displacement means of said coupling members; t along an axis said longitudinal (x) perpendicular to the junction faces, adapted to move between a disengaged position and a position 20 engaged, in the paired position of the two frames, - connecting transmission members of the coupling members respectively to the PTO of the machine and to the receiving shaft of the tool. In the agricultural field, such coupling devices are intended to allow an automatic coupling of an agricultural implement on the three-point lifting system of an agricultural tractor, as well as the engagement of the PTO of said agricultural tractor, without the driver of the latter being obliged to leave his driving position. In order to fulfill this objective, numerous solutions have been proposed during the last fifty years, as attested in particular by US Pat. EP1500321, WO2004 / 077928, GB2408669, which constitute a simple sample of patents filed for these coupling devices.
    [0002] However, it turns out that, despite the age of the first hitching devices of this type proposed and the benefits assumed by such hitching devices, their use has always remained very confidential. This lack of actual operation results mainly from the design of these coupling devices comprising a hitch frame and a hitched frame on each of which is secured a fixed support for mounting and positioning of the coupling member associated with the said built. Of this design, in fact, derive in particular: an absence of "universality" resulting mainly from the bulk of the link transmission members between the coupling member mounted on the fixed support of the hitched frame and the shaft receiver of the agricultural tool, which imposes, when the agricultural tool offers a short length between said towed frame and receiving shaft, to achieve a coupled frame and specific binding members dedicated to each model of agricultural tool, 15 - power transmission problems resulting mainly from the nature of the connecting members, commonly consisting for each frame, in a universal joint shaft, between the frames and respectively the PTO of the agricultural tractor and the receiving shaft of the agricultural tool, which form a transmission chain unsuitable for obtaining a correct transmission of power for various relative positions of the agricultural tool with respect to the The present invention also relates to a coupling device allowing automatic coupling as well as the engagement of the power take-off, without the driver of a machine being obliged to leave his driving position, and his principal objective to provide such a coupling device designed so that each assembly hitch frame I hitched mount is adaptable to any gear / tool combination, including any tractor torque agricultural / agricultural tool, and ensure a perfect power transmission for all positions relative to the machine. To this end, the invention aims a coupling device of the type described in the preamble above comprising: - two frames consisting of a coupling frame provided with fastening members to the lifting system of the machine, and in a hitched frame provided with attachments to the tool, - transmission means comprising complementary coupling members associated with relative displacement means along a longitudinal axis (x), and link transmission members coupling members to the power take-off of the machine and to the tool receiving shaft, and, according to the invention, this coupling device is characterized in that: - the two coupling members are respectively mounted on the hitch frame and on the frame coupled to be: - movable in translation along a so-called vertical axis (z) extending in a direction at least substantially vertical in a position of the frame in which the face junction of the latter extends d in a plane at least substantially vertical, - free in rotation about a transverse axis (y) forming an orthogonal coordinate system with the longitudinal axis (x) and the vertical axis (z), - prepositioning means of each coupling member along a vertical axis (z), are adapted to: - maintain, in the absence of coupling between the two coupling members, each of said coupling members in a predetermined position according to the vertical axis (z), able to allow their coupling in the paired position of the two frames, - to allow, in the coupled position of the coupling members, deflections of said coupling members coupled along the vertical axis (z), and inclinations of the latter around the transverse axis (y), the transmission members comprise, associated with each coupling member, a transmission shaft of freely variable length, on the one hand, provided with a articulation member for its junction respe cact with the PTO of the machine and the receiving shaft of the tool, 30 and, secondly, secured to the associated coupling member. The coupling device according to the invention is therefore designed so that the coupling members: - are initially prepositioned so as to allow their coupling in the paired position of the two frames, - form, after clutch, a block of a single holding, on the one hand articulated on the PTO of the machine and the receiving shaft of the tool, and, on the other hand, able to move along a vertical axis (z) and to bend around a transverse axis (y), relative to the paired frames, thus making it possible to confer on the assembly of coupling members / transmission shafts the same movement kinematics as that of a coupling device designed for the coupling. direct from a tool on the coupling system of a machine, and more specifically an agricultural tool on the three-point lifting system of an agricultural tractor.
    [0003] Therefore, in the first place, the coupling device according to the invention consists of a "universal" coupling device adaptable to any gear / implement combination and in particular to any agricultural tractor / agricultural implement pair with a simple adjustment of the initial position along the vertical axis (z) of each of the coupling members.
    [0004] In addition, second, the power transmission is optimal regardless of the relative position and in particular the inclination of the tool relative to the machine. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the prepositioning means comprise, elastic means mounted on each frame and arranged to maintain each coupling member in a predetermined position along the vertical axis (z), prepositioning the said coupling member, and to deform elastically to allow, in their engaged position, the movements of the coupling members along the vertical axis (z).
    [0005] According to this principle, the adjustment of the initial position of each coupling member can be performed by modifying the setting of the elastic means. However, advantageously according to the invention, the coupling device comprises interchangeable wedging means adapted to be interposed, along the vertical axis (z), between each frame and the elastic means of prepositioning each coupling member. in order to adjust the prepositioning height of said coupling member. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, each coupling member is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (z) relative to the corresponding frame.
    [0006] In addition, according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, each coupling member is mounted free in translation along a transverse axis (y) relative to the corresponding frame, said frame comprising elastic means arranged on both sides. other of said coupling member, along the transverse axis (y), so as to maintain it in a position substantially centered with respect to the frame in the absence of transverse stress. These two degrees of freedom make it possible to avoid subjecting the transmission means to stresses resulting from the lateral deflections and dangling usually experienced by coupling systems such as three-point hitch systems of agricultural tractors. Furthermore, according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, each coupling member is rotatably mounted in a support block, one of said support blocks being split into a fixed support in translation along the longitudinal axis (x) and in a support movable in translation along the longitudinal axis (x), in which is rotatably mounted the associated coupling member, the relative displacement means of the coupling members consisting of means for translational movement of said support mobile relative to said fixed support. In this case, moreover, in order to confer on each support block a degree of freedom in rotation around a vertical axis (z), each of said support blocks is advantageously mounted free to rotate about a vertical axis (z). ) inside an annular cage movable in translation along a vertical axis (z) and free to rotate about a transverse axis (y), relative to the corresponding frame. In addition, in order to give each support block a degree of freedom in translation along a transverse axis (y), each annular cage advantageously comprises, according to the invention, two coaxial shafts rotatably mounted relative to the corresponding frame, extending laterally along the same transverse axis (y) on either side of said annular cage, and around each of which is mounted a return spring of the annular cage to its substantially centered position relative to the frame. Moreover, in order to ensure the displacement of the coupling members along a vertical axis (z), each annular cage is advantageously arranged, according to the invention, in a frame provided with uprights in each of which is rotatably mounted a shaft support of said annular cage, said amounts being provided with wheels guided in rails extending along vertical axes (z), integral with the corresponding frame.
    [0007] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the means for relative displacement of the coupling members comprise at least one actuator associated with a fluid accumulator adapted to absorb any fluctuations in the length of the transmission shafts.
    [0008] In addition, the coupling members advantageously consist, according to the invention, of interconnection coupling members provided with polarizers adapted to make it possible to guarantee, during the coupling of said coupling members, the angular coincidence between the bodies, such as conventionally cardan joints, junction with the PTO of the machine and the shaft receiving the tool. These coupling members furthermore advantageously have, according to the invention, the form of toothed rings having a front face in which coupling teeth are provided. In addition, in order to guarantee the alignment of the coupling members during the relative movement of the latter, the coupling device advantageously comprises, according to the invention, a centering cone, said external, with a belting base. the ring gear constituting one of the coupling members, adapted to provide external guidance and centering of the other coupling member during the clutch of said coupling members. For the same purpose, one of the toothed rings constituting a coupling member advantageously has, according to the invention, a central zone in the axial extension of which extends a centering cone, said internal, and the second ring gear As for the latter, it advantageously has a central recessed zone delimiting a conically-shaped longitudinal bore interspersed with that of the internal centering cone adapted to guide and center said inner centering cone. The inner centering cone advantageously also comprises a cylindrical base in the extension of the associated ring gear, adapted to form a cylindrical seat for a cylindrical end section of the bore delimited by the other ring gear. Such a cylindrical bearing is intended to prevent the coupling members from deviating from one another by pivoting their junction faces about a transverse axis, when it is necessary, in order to clutch, to raise the lifting system of the machine (in particular a tool whose members driven by the drive shaft rest on the ground and must be removed from the ground for the clutch of the two bodies coupling).
    [0009] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, each transmission shaft consists of a telescopic shaft composed of two telescopic elements consisting of: - an element, said male element, equipped with a hinge member for the junction with respectively the PTO of the machine and the receiving shaft of the tool, - an element, said female element, forming, in addition, a coupling member. In addition, each male telescopic member advantageously consists of a splined shaft, and each female telescopic member preferably consists of a splined sleeve integral with the ring gear forming the associated coupling member. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings which represent by way of non-limiting example a preferred embodiment. In these drawings: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an agricultural tractor and an agricultural implement represented very schematically, equipped with a coupling device according to the invention, FIG. a second perspective view of this coupling device, on which the agricultural tractor is not shown, - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a coupling frame according to the invention equipped with its means of transmission, mounted on the lifting system of an agricultural tractor shown very schematically, - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a coupled frame according to the invention equipped with its transmission means mounted on an agricultural tool FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a coupling frame according to the invention; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a coupled frame according to the invention; FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view ve, with certain elements hidden or represented in transparency, coupling members, their support blocks and their relative displacement means in translation, in the engaged position of said coupling members, - Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views respectively of the coupling member of the hitch frame (Figure 8) and the coupling member of the hitched frame (Figure 9), - Figures 10 and 11 are two perspective views of the means transmission of a coupling frame according to the invention, - Figures 12 and 13 are two views in perspective showing dissociated, the support block of the coupling member 20 of the transmission means of the frame of coupling according to the invention (Figure 12), and the outer centering cone of said transmission means (Figure 13), - Figures 14 and 15 are two perspective views of the transmission means of a hitched frame according to the invention, FIGS. 16 and 17 are t two perspective views representing the support block of the coupling member of the transmission means of the coupled frame according to the invention, - Figures 18 to 20 are longitudinal views, for three different positions of the lifting system three points, an agricultural tractor and an agricultural implement, shown very schematically, equipped with a coupling device according to the invention, and Figure 21 is a partial top view, in their position. A pair of hitch frames and a hitched frame according to the invention, showing the transmission means engaged during a swinging movement of the three-point hitching system. (In the following description, the orthogonal reference (x, y, z) corresponds to the reference mark as defined in the claims and the preamble of the present patent application, that is to say a reference defined with reference to a position in which the junction face of the frames extends in a vertical plane.The terms vertical, horizontal and transverse, in particular, are therefore used with this orthogonal reference as a reference.Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity and clarity of the description, the coupling devices according to the invention are described below by considering them attached to an agricultural tractor and a farm tool resting on the ground, the terms lower, upper ... being used with reference to such positioning In addition the terms front, rear are used with reference to the direction of travel in the forward direction of the agricultural tractor). The coupling device represented by way of example in the figures consists of a coupling device of an agricultural implement 3 equipped with a receiving shaft 4, on the three-point lifting system 5 of an agricultural tractor 1 equipped with a PTO 2, the said agricultural tractor, agricultural tool and lifting system being represented very schematically in Figures 1 to 4 and 18 to 20. Thus, in particular, concerning the lifting system, only the elements of junction of the latter with the coupling device according to the invention, namely: two lateral lower arms such as 6 and an upper central arm formed in the example of a hydraulic cylinder 7. This coupling device consists of a hitch frame 8 adapted to be mounted on the lifting system 2 of the agricultural tractor 1, and a hitched frame 9 adapted to be mounted on the agricultural implement 3 by means of two lateral lower arms such as 10 and of a superior arm central eur (not shown in the figures), said frames being provided with: - locking means able to keep them locked in a coupling position where they are contiguous, - transmission means for coupling the shaft 30 receiver 4 of the agricultural implement 3 to the PTO 2 of the agricultural tractor 1. In the first place, as shown in particular in Figure 5, the hitch frame 8 of the coupling device has a generally trapezoidal shape endowed with a flat front face 8a of contact with the hitched frame 9 of said coupling device. This hitch frame 8 consists of a mechano-welded structure 35 composed of a lower cross member 11 extending between the lower ends of two uprights such as 12 between the upper ends of which extends an upper cross member 13. The upper rail 13 is further divided into three sections consisting of a central yoke 14 formed of two longitudinal wings 14a joined by a transverse core 14b, with respect to each of which extends an end section 15 formed of a tubular section. In addition, the two wings 14a of the central clevis 14 have a height greater than the height of the tubular sections 15, and thus have surface portions extending in the extension of the upper face of said sections, in each of which are drilled opposite the orifices 16 intended to accommodate a transverse axis constituting the attachment member of the central arm 7 of the lifting system 5. In addition, one of the tubular sections 15 of the upper cross member 13 houses a hydraulic cylinder ( not shown) arranged so that its rod can be deployed in the yoke 14 through an orifice 17 formed in the flange 14a obstructing the central end face of said tubular section. The two uprights 12 are, for their part, consisting of two parallel flat irons 18, 19 folded so as to have a bent longitudinal profile conferring on the coupling frame 8 its trapezoidal shape, said flat irons being connected, substantially on both one third of their upper portion, by a spacer 20 conferring them a section in the form of H. In addition, each of these amounts 12 houses, in its lower portion devoid of spacer 20, an axis 21 extending between the two irons. plates 18, 19, forming the coupling member of the hitch frame 8 on each lower arm 6 of the lifting system 5. This hitch frame 8 comprises, moreover, two flanges such as 22 with flat upper faces. 22a, housed and each fixed between the lower ends of the flat bars 18, 19 of a post 12, so as to extend in the extension of the bottom rail 11. The hitch frame 8 further comprises , two pieces of centering 23, 24 projecting each on the planar contact face 22a of a flange 22, and each having an extended cylindrical base of a hemispherical section. The coupling frame 8 furthermore comprises two parallel vertical rails 25, 26 extending between the lower cross-member 11 and the upper cross-member 13, provided, opposite, with guide ducts such as 26a for casters described in detail below. This hitch frame 8 comprises, finally, each contiguous to a guide rail 25, 26 so as to extend parallel to said guide rail, at the front of the hitch frame 8, two vertical tubes such as 27 provided vis-à-vis, over substantially half their length, a longitudinal slot such that 28 extending from their upper end. As shown in particular in Figure 6, the hitched frame 9 of the lifting device also has a generally trapezoidal shape provided with a flat front face 9a of contact with the coupling frame 8 of said coupling device. This hitched frame 9 consists of a mechanically welded structure composed of a lower cross member 30 extending between the lower ends of two uprights such as 31 between the upper ends of which extends an upper cross member 32. This upper cross member 32 is divided in three sections 20 consisting of a central transverse plate 33 on either side of which extends a tubular section 34. The central plate 33 is further used as a support for fixing a plate 35 for fixing the hitched frame 9 on the end of the upper central connecting arm with the agricultural tool 3, comprising, for this attachment, a vertical light through which extends said central plate. In view of the connection with the agricultural tool 3, this connecting plate 35 has a rear portion 36 in which a vertical lumen 37 is provided for housing an attachment pin carried the central upper arm. The connecting plate 35 also comprises an anterior portion 38 adapted to fit into the yoke 14 of the coupling frame 8, pierced with an orifice 38a arranged to coincide with the orifice 17, in the paired position of the two frames 8, 9, so as to cause relative locking of said frames by deployment of the cylinder rod housed in one of the tubular sections 15 of the upper cross member 13 of said hitch frame.
    [0010] The two uprights 31 of this hitched frame 9 are similar to those of the hitch frame 8 and therefore consist of two parallel flat bars folded so as to have a bent longitudinal profile conferring on the hitched frame 9 its trapezoidal shape, said flat irons. being connected, substantially over two-thirds of their upper portion, by a spacer giving them an H-shaped section. Moreover, each of these uprights 31 houses, in its lower portion devoid of spacer, two superimposed axes 39, 40 extending between the two flat bars, forming the guide rods of a slide 41 arranged to move along said axes on a stroke corresponding to the width of said amounts. Each slider 41 constitutes a fastening part of the hitched frame 9 on the end of one of the lower arms 6, and in view of this connection, this slider 41 is pierced with an orifice 42 intended to house an attachment pin carried by the said lower arm. The hitched frame 9 furthermore comprises two flanges 43, 44 provided with plane lower contact faces 43a, housed and fixed each between the lower ends of the flat bars of an upright 31, so as to extend in the extension of the lower rail 30.
    [0011] Each of these flanges 43, 44 is pierced with a circular orifice 45, on the one hand, a conjugate diameter of the diameter of the base of the centering pins 23, 24, and on the other hand having a countersink (not shown ) at its junction with the contact face 43a. Similarly to the hitch frame 8, the hitched frame 9 furthermore comprises two parallel vertical rails 46, 47 extending between the bottom rail 30 and the upper rail 32, provided, facing each other, to guide ducts such as 47a for casters described in detail below. This hitched frame 9 also comprises, each contiguous to a guide rail 46, 47 so as to extend parallel to said guide rail, 30 at the rear of the hitched frame 9, two vertical tubes such as 48 provided with screws about half their length, a longitudinal slot such as 49 extending from their upper end. The transmission means of this coupling device comprise, in turn, complementary coupling members 35 mounted respectively on the hitch frame 8 and on the hitched frame 9, and link transmission members of said hoses. coupling respectively to the power take-off 2 of the agricultural tractor 1 and to the receiving shaft 4 of the agricultural implement 3. In the first place, the coupling members 50, 51 5 consist of coupling members by interconnection. These coupling members 50, 51 each comprise a ring gear 52, 53 having a front face 52a, 53a in which are conventionally formed coupling teeth separated by notches, each of said rings forming a end section of greater diameter of a tubular shaft 54 55, separated from the latter by a radial shoulder 54a, 55a. Each of these coupling members 50, 51 is further pierced by a corrugated bore 56, 57 having for example a star-shaped section, and constitutes the female element of a telescopic transmission shaft 58 , 59 whose male element consists of a splined shaft 60, 61 equipped with a cardan joint 62, 63 of connection respectively to the PTO 2 of the agricultural tractor 1 and to the receiving shaft 4 of the agricultural tool 3. In addition, the bore 57 of the coupling member 51 associated with the hitched frame 9 comprises an end section 131 of cylindrical shape at its junction with the end face 53a of the ring gear 53, connected to the grooved portion of said bore, by a frustoconical section 130, said end sections 130, 131 being adapted to house a centering element described below. Thus, the transmission means simply comprise, for each frame 8, 9: - a splined shaft 60, respectively 61, constituting the male telescopic element of a transmission shaft 58, respectively 59, equipped with a universal joint 62, respectively 63, 30 - a coupling member 50, 51 respectively, consisting, in one piece, of a tubular shaft 54, respectively 55, forming the female telescopic element of the transmission shaft 58, respectively 59, and a ring gear 50, respectively 51, forming the coupling element by interconnection of the transmission means.
    [0012] The coupling members are also provided with a coding system adapted to ensure the angular coincidence between the universal joints 62, 63. In the example, this coding system consists of: for the coupling member 50 of the hitch frame 8, in two diametrically opposite teeth 64, 65 of equal length, greater than that of the other teeth such as 66, for the coupling member 51 of the hitched frame 9, in two notches 67, 68 diametrically opposite conjugate lengths of those of the two keying teeth 64, 65, greater than the length of other notches such as 69. In addition, the teeth such as 64-66 and the notches such as 67-69 conventionally have side faces combining undercuts and undercuts adapted to oppose the uncoupling of the coupling members 50, 51 during their rotation in their engaged state. In addition, the teeth such as 64-66 comprise chamfered radial edges intended to facilitate the insertion of said teeth into the notches 67-69 of the coupling member 50, 51 facing each other. These coupling members 50, 51 are mounted on the frames 8, 9: 20 - free to rotate about a longitudinal axis (x) for the rotational drive of the receiving shaft 4 of the agricultural tool 3, - movable in translation along the longitudinal axis (x) relative to each other between a disengaged position and an engaged position, 25 - and, according to the invention, movable in translation along a vertical axis ( z) and a transverse axis (y), and free in rotation around a transverse axis (y) and around a vertical axis (z). For this purpose, the coupling member 50 of the coupling frame 8 is, firstly, rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis (x) inside a support 70, said mobile, composed of two elements secured in the extension of one another: a first front element 71 comprising a cylindrical sleeve 72 delimiting a longitudinal bore adapted to house the tubular shaft 54, extended by a front end flange 73 in which a recess is provided in which the bore of the cylindrical sleeve 72, housing a radial bearing 74, opens, a second posterior element 75 comprising, in one piece: s - an anterior frontal flange 76 adapted to be secured to the posterior flange 73 by means of screws such as 77, pierced with a circular orifice of diameter greater than that of the ring gear 52 opening in its front face assembly by a counterbore 78 housing an axial bearing 79 of the abutment type a axial stop guiding of the ring gear 10, arranged to present an axial bearing surface against the inner race of the radial bearing 74d, - an external centering element 80 having a cylindrical annular base 81 without contacting the ring gear 52, extended by a centering cone 82 adapted to provide external guidance and centering of the ring gear 53 of the other coupling member 51 during the clutching of said coupling members. This mobile support 70 is also equipped with an internal centering cone 83 of conjugated shape of the end sections 130, 131 of the bore 57 of the coupling member 51. This internal centering cone 83 is formed, in one piece: - a cylindrical front section 84 adapted to partially fit inside the ring gear 52 and extend partially in the posterior extension of said ring gear, - a rear section truncated cone 85 adapted to provide internal guiding and centering of the ring gear 53 of the other coupling member 51 during the clutching of said coupling members, and to form a cylindrical seat for the end section cylindrical 131 of the bore 57 of the coupling member 51. In order to perform the movements along the longitudinal axis (x) of the coupling member 50 of the coupling frame 8 relative to the organ coupling 51 of the hitched frame 9, the mobile support 70 is movable in translation along a longitudinal axis (x) relative to a so-called fixed support 86. This fixed support 86 is composed, in one piece, of a cylindrical sleeve 87 delimiting a longitudinal bore lined to the inside which slides the cylindrical sleeve 72 of the front element 71, and a posterior frontal plate 88 pierced with a circular orifice in the extension of the bore of said cylindrical sleeve 87. The means for moving the organ Coupling 50 along the longitudinal axis (x) comprise, as for, a jack 89 associated with a hydraulic accumulator, whose body 89a is mounted on the front flange 88 of the fixed support 86, so as to extend, along a longitudinal axis (x), in the front extension of said flange, and whose rod 89b is secured to the front flange 73 of the front element 71 of the movable support 70. These displacement means comprise, in addition, two rods guide 90, 91 extending along longitudinal axes (x), connected to the front flange 73 of the front element 71 of the mobile support 70, and longitudinally sliding relative to the fixed support 86. In addition, the cylinder 89 and the two guide rods 90 , 91 are arranged so that the axis of said cylinder coincides with the apex of an isosceles or equilateral triangle whose ends of the base coincide with the respective axes of the two guide rods 90, 91. In order to confer a degree of freedom in rotation about the vertical axis (z) to the coupling member 50, the front flange 88 of the fixed support 86 is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (z) inside. of an annular cage 94. For this purpose, two posterior longitudinal lugs, upper 92 and lower 93, extending along a longitudinal axis (x), are, on the one hand, secured at one of their ends , on this fixed flange 86, and secondly, pivotally mounted aut or a vertical axis (z) relative to the annular cage 94, at their other end. In addition, in order to confer a degree of freedom in rotation about the transverse axis (y) to the annular cage 94, the latter is pivotally mounted inside a frame 95 having two uprights such as 96, a crossbar 97 and a lower cross-member 98. With a view to its pivoting, the annular cage 94 is equipped with two transverse external shafts 99, 100 extending coaxially on either side of said annular cage and rotatably mounted in each case. mount 96 opposite the frame 95. In addition, a spring such as 101 is mounted around each shaft 99, 100 so as to extend between the annular cage 94 and the post 96 of the frame 95. to maintain said annular cage in a substantially centered position between said amounts 96. Finally, in order to confer a degree of freedom in translation along a vertical axis (z) to the frame 95, the latter is equipped with four rotating wheels around cross axes (y), adapted to move in the guide rails 25, 26: two upper rollers such as 102 disposed on either side of the upper cross member 97, and two lower rollers such as 103 disposed on either side of the bottom rail 98.
    [0013] Lastly, with regard to the coupling frame 8, the latter comprises means for prepositioning the position of the frame 95 along the guide rails 25, 26, arranged: in the disengaged state of the coupling members 50, 51, to maintain the frame 95 in a predefined position corresponding to a predetermined position of the coupling member, 51 along the vertical axis (z), - in the engaged state of the coupling members 50, 51, for to deform elastically to allow movement of said coupling members along the vertical axis (z). These prepositioning means are integrated in the two vertical tubes 27 and comprise, firstly, a gas cylinder 105 whose rod 105a is coupled to an axis 104 connecting said rod to an anterior extension 96a formed at the end. upper of the uprights 96 of the frame 95, said axis extending, for this purpose through the vertical light 28 formed in each tube 27.
    [0014] These prepositioning means furthermore comprise, housed in each vertical tube 27, a cylindrical casing 106 of internal diameter adapted to house the body 105b of the jack 105, provided with an upper section 106b of external diameter greater than its current external diameter, delimiting an external radial shoulder.
    [0015] These prepositioning means also comprise a helical spring 107 disposed around the cylindrical case 106, and shims such as 108 of predetermined lengths adapted to be inserted into the cylindrical tube 27 so as to extend between the bottom of this tube 27 and the lower end of the spring 107.
    [0016] According to this principle, the prepositioning of the frame 95 is therefore simply a function of the length of the shims 108. The mounting means of the coupling member 51 on the hitched frame 9 are similar, in principle, to those described above. 5 with a simplification resulting from the absence of displacement along a longitudinal axis (x) of the coupling member 51. Thus, in the first place, the coupling member 51 of the coupling frame 8 is freely mounted. rotation about the longitudinal axis (x) within a fixed support 110 composed of two elements secured in the extension of one another: - a first posterior element 111 comprising a cylindrical sleeve 112 delimiting a longitudinal bore adapted to house the tubular shaft 55, extended by a front end flange 113 in which is formed a countersink into which the bore of the cylindrical sleeve 112, opening a radial bearing 132, opens, a second previous element 114 consisting of a front flange adapted to be secured to the front flange 113, in the assembly face of which is formed a countersink housing an axial bearing 133 of the stop axial thrust needle type of the ring gear 53, arranged 20 to present a bearing surface axially against the inner race of the radial bearing 132. In order to confer a degree of freedom in rotation about the vertical axis (z) to the coupling member 51, the front end plate 113 is freely mounted in rotation about a vertical axis (z) within an annular cage 115. In addition, in order to impart a degree of freedom in rotation about the transverse axis (y) to this annular cage 115, the latter is pivotally mounted inside a frame 118, and comprises, for this purpose, two transverse external shafts such as 116 around each of which is disposed a spring 117, extending coaxially on both sides of said annular cage, and each of which is rotatable in an amount 119 of the frame 118. Finally, in order to confer a degree of freedom in translation along a vertical axis (z) to the frame 118, the latter is equipped with four rotatable rollers about transverse axes (y) , adapted to move in the guide rails 46, 47: two upper rollers such as 120 and two lower rollers such as 121. Finally, this hitched frame 9 comprises means for prepositioning the position of the frame 118 along the guides 46, 47 identical to those fitted to the coupling frame 8 and thus comprising two identical assemblies, each housed in a tube 48, and consisting of: The invention relates to a coupling device of a tool provided with a receiving shaft, such as an agricultural implement, on a lifting system of a machine, such as an agricultural tractor, equipped with a PTO. A spring 122 housed in a cylindrical case 123 around of which is a helical spring al 124, - a set of shims 125 of different lengths. The coupling procedure using this coupling device is described below. In advance, after assembly of the hitch frame 8 on an agricultural tractor 1 and mounting a hitched frame 9 on one or more agricultural tools, an initial step is to adjust, by means of the shims 108, the initial position, according to a vertical axis (z), of the coupling member 50 mounted on the coupling frame 8, and then adjusting, by means of the shims 125, the position, 20 along a vertical axis (z), of the member coupling 51 of each mounted frame 9 so that it coincides with that of the coupling member 50 when pairing the two frames 8, 9. Once these initial settings are made, each coupling consists of prepositioning the agricultural tractor 1 then to drive the lifting of the hitch frame 8, until a partial contact of the respective contact faces 22a, 43a of the flanges 22, 43, position in which the centering pins 23, 24 are partially engaged in the orifices 45 vis-à-vis. The next step is to deploy the central cylinder 7 of the lifting system 5 so as to cause a tilting of the coupling frame 30 8, in which the centering pins 23, 24 constitute the pivots of said tilting, to bring the end faces 8a, 9a of the two frames 8, 9 in contact with each other, position in which the facing faces 22a, 23a of the flanges 22, 43 are also in contact with one another. In addition, in this paired final position of the two frames 8, 9, the front portion 38 of the plate 35, forming a keeper, is inserted into the yoke 14, and the cylinder housed in the cross member 15 can therefore be activated in a controlled manner. to ensure the relative locking of said frames. Once, this pairing realized, in addition, the two coupling members 50, 51 are substantially at the same height because of the initial setting of their position along a vertical axis (z). Their coupling is thus obtained by activation of the jack 89, and facilitated, firstly, by the two outer centering cones 82 and internal 83, then by the chamfered shape of the radial edges of teeth 6466.
    [0017] Once the hitch and the coupling made, as shown in Figures 18 to 20, the degree of freedom in translation along a vertical axis (z) and the degree of freedom in rotation about a transverse axis (y), conferred on the coupling members 50, 51 with respect to the paired frames 8, 9 make it possible to maintain the coaxial transmission shafts 58, 59 irrespective of the inclination of the tool 3 with respect to the tractor 1, and consequently, to provide the coupling members 50, 51 / transmission shafts 58, 59 with the same movement kinematics as that of a coupling device designed for the direct coupling of an agricultural implement 3 to the coupling system. three point lifting 5 of an agricultural tractor 1.
    [0018] Thus, in particular, the power transmission is optimal regardless of the relative position and in particular the inclination of the tool 3 relative to the tractor 1. In addition, as shown in particular in Figure 21, the degree of freedom in translation along a transverse axis (y) and the degree of freedom in rotation about a vertical axis (z) provide freedom of movement of the transmission means relative to the frames 8, 9, leading to avoid submitting said transmission means stresses resulting from lateral deflections and dangling which are subject, in the usual way, three-point hitch systems of agricultural tractors.
    [0019] The coupling device according to the invention is therefore suitable: to enable an average operator to realize, without leaving his driving position, all the coupling operations of an agricultural implement to the lifting system of an agricultural tractor: actual coupling of the agricultural implement, and coupling of the transmission shafts, - to give the transmission means the same kinematics of movement as that of a coupling device designed for the direct coupling of a agricultural tool 3 on the three-point lifting system 5 of an agricultural tractor 1, and in particular to thus ensure optimum power transmission regardless of the relative position and in particular the inclination of the tool 3 relative to the tractor 1.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1 / Device for coupling a tool (3), such as an agricultural implement on a lifting system (5) of a machine (1), such as an agricultural tractor, equipped with a PTO (2), comprising: - two frames consisting of a coupling frame (8) provided with fixing members (16, 21) to the lifting system (5) of the machine (1), and in one frame (9) said hitch provided with fasteners (36, 37, 41, 42) to the tool (3), adapted to extend transversely relative to the machine (1) and to the tool respectively (3), said hitch frame and hitch frame delimiting junction faces (8a, 9a) adapted to allow them to be paired and having relative locking means (14, 38) in said paired position, transmission means comprising: - complementary coupling members (50, 51) mounted respectively on the coupling frame (8) and on the coupled frame (9) via relative displacement means (89) of the said 15 coupling members along an axis said longitudinal (x) perpendicular to the junction faces (8a, 9a), adapted to move them between a disengaged position and an engaged position, in the paired position of the two frames (8, 9) - Transmission members (58, 59, 62, 63) for connecting the coupling members (50, 51) respectively to the PTO (2) of the machine (1) and to the receiving shaft (4) of the tool (3), said coupling device being characterized in that: - the two coupling members (50, 51) are respectively mounted on the coupling frame (8) and on the mounted frame (9) so as to be: 25 - mobile in translation along a so-called vertical axis (z) extending in a direction at least substantially vertical in a position of the frame (8, 9) in which the junction face ( 8a, 9a) of the latter extends in a plane at least substantially vertical, - free in rotation about an axis said transverse (y) 30 forming a repre e orthogonal with the longitudinal axis (x) and the vertical axis (z), - prepositioning means (104-108, 122-125) of each coupling member (50, 51) along a vertical axis (z ), are adapted to: - maintain, in the disengaged position of the two coupling members (50, 51), each of said coupling members in a predetermined position along the vertical axis (z), adapted to allow their clutching in the paired position of the two frames (8, 9), - allow, in the engaged position of the coupling members (50, 51), deflections of said coupling members coupled along the vertical axis (z), and inclinations of the latter around the transverse axis (y), the transmission members comprise, associated with each coupling member (50, 51), a transmission shaft (58, 59) of freely variable length, on the one hand, provided with a hinge member (62, 63) for its junction respectively with the PTO (2) of the machine (1) and the receiving shaft (4) of the tool (3), and, secondly, secured to the associated coupling member (50, 51). 15 2 / coupling device according to claim 1 characterized in that the prepositioning means comprise, elastic means (105, 107, 122, 124) mounted on each frame (8, 9) and arranged to maintain each member of coupling (50, 51) in a predetermined position along the vertical axis (z), prepositioning said coupling member 20, and to deform elastically to allow, in their engaged position, the displacements of the coupling members (50, 51) along the vertical axis (z). 3 / coupling device according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises interchangeable wedging means (108, 125) adapted to be interposed, along the vertical axis (z), between each frame (8, 9) and the resilient means (105, 107, 122, 124) for prepositioning each coupling member (50, 51) for adjustment of the initial prepositioning height of said coupling member. 4 / coupling device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that each coupling member (50, 51) is rotatably mounted in a support block (70, 86, 110), one of said support blocks ( 70, 86) being split into a support (86) fixed in translation along the longitudinal axis (x) and in a support (70) movable in translation along the longitudinal axis (x), in which is rotatably mounted the organ associated coupling means (50), the relative displacement means of the coupling members (50, 51) consisting of means (89) for translational displacement of said movable support relative to said fixed support. 5 / coupling device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that each coupling member (50, 51) is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (z) relative to the frame (8, 9). corresponding. 6 / A coupling device according to claims 4 and 5 taken together characterized in that each support block (70, 86, 110) is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis (z) inside a cage annular (94, 115) movable in translation along a vertical axis (z) and free to rotate about a transverse axis (y), relative to the frame (8, 9) corresponding. 71 coupling device according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that the relative displacement means of the coupling members (50, 51) comprise at least one actuator (89) associated with a fluid accumulator. 8 / coupling device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that each coupling member (50, 51) is mounted free in translation along a transverse axis (y) relative to the frame (8, 9) 20 corresponding said frame comprising elastic means (101, 117) disposed on either side of said coupling member, along the transverse axis (y), so as to maintain it in a position substantially centered with respect to the frame (8, 9) in the absence of transverse stress. 91 Coupling device according to one of claims 6 or 7 and claim 8 taken together characterized in that each annular cage (94, 115) comprises two coaxial shafts (99, 100, 116) rotatably mounted relative to the frame (8, 9), extending laterally along the same transverse axis (y) on either side of said annular cage, and around each of which is mounted a spring (101, 117) of the 30 annular cage (94, 115) towards its substantially centered position relative to the frame (8, 9). 10 / coupling device according to claim 9 characterized in that each annular cage (94, 115) is arranged in a frame (95, 118) provided with uprights (96, 119) in each of which is rotatably mounted a support shaft (99, 100, 116) of said annular cage, said sleeves being equipped with rollers (102, 103, 120, 121) guided in rails (25, 26, 47) extending along vertical axes (z), integral with the frame (8, 9) corresponding. 11 / A coupling device according to one of the preceding claims 5 characterized in that the coupling members (50,51) consist of interconnecting coupling members with polarizers. Coupling device according to Claim 11, characterized in that the coupling members (50, 51) have the form of toothed rings (52, 53) having a front face (52a, 53a) in which are arranged mating teeth (64-66). 13 / A coupling device according to claim 12 characterized in that it comprises a centering cone (82), said external, provided with a base (81) surrounding the ring gear (52) constituting one of 15 organs coupling device (50), adapted to provide external guidance and centering of the other coupling member (51) during the clutching of said coupling members. 14 / coupling device according to one of claims 12 or 13 characterized in that: - one of the toothed rings (52) constituting a coupling member (50) has a central zone in the axial extension of which extends a centering cone (83), said internal, - the second ring gear (53) has a recessed central zone (130, 131) delimiting a conical longitudinal bore 25 conjugate with that of the internal centering cone (83). ) adapted to guide and center said inner centering cone. 15 / coupling device according to claim 14 characterized in that the internal centering cone (83) comprises a cylindrical base (84) in the extension of the associated ring gear (52), adapted to form a cylindrical seat for a cylindrical end section (131) of the bore (130, 131) delimited by the other ring gear (53). 16 / coupling device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that each transmission shaft (58, 59) consists of a telescopic shaft consisting of two telescopic elements consisting of: - an element (60, 61), said element male, equipped with a hinge member (62, 63) for joining with respectively the PTO (2) of the machine (1) and the receiving shaft (4) of the tool (3), - An element (50, 51), said female element, forming, furthermore, a coupling member. 17 / Coupling device according to one of claims 12 to 15 and claim 16 taken together characterized in that: - each male telescopic element consists of a splined shaft (60, 61), - each female telescopic element consists of a ribbed sleeve (50, 51) integral with the ring gear (52, 53) forming the associated coupling member.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP2897450B1|2016-11-16|Method and apparatus for coupling an agricultur tool to a three point hitch of an agricultur tractor
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    EP3113597B1|2018-07-18|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor
    EP0196263B1|1989-12-20|Agricultural machine with improved power transmission
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    FR3042094A1|2017-04-14|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HITCHING AN AGRICULTURAL TOOL ON A LIFT SYSTEM THREE POINTS OF AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR
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    FR2543905A1|1984-10-12|Differential for steerable front wheels of agricultural tractor
    FR2536627A1|1984-06-01|Device for linking between the beam of a reversible plough and the hitching system of a tractor
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2016135541A3|2018-09-07|
    ES2684789T3|2018-10-04|
    FR3018029B1|2016-10-28|
    WO2015132481A1|2015-09-11|
    US20170071121A1|2017-03-16|
    RU2016135541A|2018-04-25|
    CA2940574A1|2015-09-11|
    PL3113597T3|2018-11-30|
    AU2015226004A1|2016-09-15|
    EP3113597A1|2017-01-11|
    EA201691774A1|2017-02-28|
    AU2015226004B2|2018-04-12|
    JP2017506902A|2017-03-16|
    KR20160128341A|2016-11-07|
    BR112016020068A2|2017-10-24|
    EP3113597B1|2018-07-18|
    CN106163256A|2016-11-23|
    RU2672488C2|2018-11-15|
    US10015922B2|2018-07-10|
    EA030757B1|2018-09-28|
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    法律状态:
    2016-02-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-03-03| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-12-18| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20201110 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1400525A|FR3018029B1|2014-03-03|2014-03-03|DEVICE FOR COUPLING A TOOL EQUIPPED WITH A RECEIVER TREE, SUCH AS AN AGRICULTURAL TOOL, ON A SYSTEM FOR LIFTING A MACHINE, SUCH AS AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR, WITH A TENSION|FR1400525A| FR3018029B1|2014-03-03|2014-03-03|DEVICE FOR COUPLING A TOOL EQUIPPED WITH A RECEIVER TREE, SUCH AS AN AGRICULTURAL TOOL, ON A SYSTEM FOR LIFTING A MACHINE, SUCH AS AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR, WITH A TENSION|
    EA201691774A| EA030757B1|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    US15/122,547| US10015922B2|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    RU2016135541A| RU2672488C2|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Coupler of equipment, such as agricultural equipment, on lifting system of vehicle, such as agricultural tractor|
    PCT/FR2015/000037| WO2015132481A1|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    KR1020167025899A| KR20160128341A|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    CA2940574A| CA2940574A1|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    BR112016020068A| BR112016020068A2|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|a tool coupling device, such as an agricultural tool, on a vehicle trailing system such as an agricultural tractor|
    JP2016555331A| JP2017506902A|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Hitch device for connecting work machines such as agricultural work machines to traction systems for vehicles such as agricultural tractors|
    CN201580019207.6A| CN106163256A|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|The device being hooked on such as the traction system of the vehicle of farm tractor such as the instrument of agricultural tools|
    PL15710827T| PL3113597T3|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    ES15710827.5T| ES2684789T3|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for engaging an instrument such as an agricultural implement, in a lifting system of a machine such as an agricultural tractor|
    EP15710827.5A| EP3113597B1|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
    AU2015226004A| AU2015226004B2|2014-03-03|2015-02-20|Device for hitching a tool, such as an agricultural tool, onto a hauling system of a vehicle such as an agricultural tractor|
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