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    • 专利摘要:
    A method of manufacturing containers by blowing into a mold from a plastic blank, comprising, during the manufacture of a container: - a step of introducing a blank into a mold; at least one step of placing the inside of the blank in communication with at least one fluid circuit via a solenoid valve associated with said circuit; at a predetermined time, called the opening step (TEV1; TEV4) solenoid valve, send an opening command to said solenoid valve which has a theoretical delay (Dt1; ...; Dt4) of opening, the method comprising steps of: - calculating the effective delay (De1; ... De4) of opening of said solenoid valve,; calculating a difference (? t1; ...; t4) between the effective delay (De1; ...; De4) of opening and the theoretical delay (Dt1; ...; Dt4) of opening; - if the calculated deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue a notification of the maximum permissible deviation.
    公开号:FR3017327A1
    申请号:FR1451098
    申请日:2014-02-12
    公开日:2015-08-14
    发明作者:Julien Gendre
    申请人:Sidel Participations SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to the manufacture of plastic containers from blanks of containers, which are either preforms or containers. intermediates by forming with a fluid. The invention relates more particularly to a method for manufacturing containers made of plastic material, such as PET, by blow molding or stretching, in a mold, blanks with a pressurized fluid, in particular air, of the type in which which the manufacturing machine comprises a control system, a thermal conditioning oven and a blowing unit comprising a plurality of blowing stations, each station comprising a mold, in which the blanks are introduced from the furnace each to undergo operation of transformation into a container during a blowing step, completed by or preceded by intermediate steps, such as a pre-blowing step, sometimes associated with a drawing, a fluid recovery step and a degassing step. The manufacture of containers, such as bottles, made of plastic by blow-molding blanks is well known. Before being blown to be shaped into a container, the blank undergoes a suitable heat treatment in a thermal conditioning oven. This heat treatment can be more or less sophisticated depending on the characteristics of the container to obtain. It consists in all cases to heat the plastic material of the blank at a temperature above its glass transition temperature to allow its deformation by blowing or stretch blow molding. The blank is then placed in a mold containing a cavity in the impression of the container to be obtained and, during the blowing step, a blowing fluid, generally air under high pressure (typically between 18 and 40.degree. bars), is injected with a nozzle into the blank to inflate and press the material along the walls of the mold, thereby obtaining the container. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD Preferably, the transformation operation may include a stretching step (also called an elongation step) of the blank using an elongation rod which is associated with the mold and is slidably controlled to the bottom of the blank and / or a pre-blowing step (typically at a pressure between 8 and 15 bar). After a certain time of contact of the plastic material against the mold, during a degassing step, the pressure is brought back into the vessel at atmospheric pressure before discharging the final container from the mold. In other processes, the degassing step is preceded by a step of recycling a portion of the fluid contained in the container, in order to reinject it to other uses (in the machine itself or in the factory where the machine is installed). The operation of a blowing machine is relatively complex, in particular because of the large number of parameters that can influence the quality of the containers obtained. The development of the machine is carried out by a technician who carries out tests, by acting on the various operating parameters of the machine, until obtaining a correct quality of container at the output of the machine. It is in particular during the development that it is determined whether the transformation operation should comprise a drawing step and / or a pre-blowing step, as well as the sequencing of the starting times of the various steps. implemented. If the quality of the containers is correct during the initial setup of the machine, the settings made by the technician may be questioned during operation of the machine in production. This reconsideration can occur when external or internal parameters of the machine change, for example when the ambient temperature or pressure conditions change, or because of the wear of certain elements of the machine, or even when parameters Characteristics of the blanks (such as intrinsic viscosity, resin quality, moisture taken up by the material, initial temperature) change during production for various reasons. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD These phenomena, when they are not detected, can lead to quality drifts or even lead to the loss of containers. In a context of industrial production where manufacturing rates reach several thousand containers per hour and per mold, it is easily conceivable that manufacturing drifts or losses can have significant financial consequences. It is known (see document W02008 / 081107 in the name of the applicant) to correlate singular points of an actual blowing curve with machine parameters (in particular the flow rate or pre-blowing pressure), and to apply corrections. parameters according to divergences observed in these singular points. However, some drifts can only be corrected to a certain extent. Indeed, one or more drifts caused by deterioration or aging, premature or not, of one or more mechanical members present in the machine and which are essential to the progress of the manufacturing process can not be corrected, or only n to be corrected to a certain extent by the control method described in WO2008 / 081107 previously cited. This may be the case of the deterioration or aging of solenoid valves present in the machine or the deterioration by closing of the air vent silencer during degassing. A machine usually comprises stations, also called blowing stations, with molds mounted on the periphery of a rotating carousel. In known blow molding machines or stretch blow molding machines, each station or blowing station is arranged so that the inside of the hollow body formed by the blank, at the beginning of the sequence, then by the formed container, at the end, can be put into communication in a first step with a pre-blowing circuit, then in a second step with a blowing circuit, then optionally with a blowing fluid recovery circuit and finally with a degassing circuit (also called a blowing circuit). exhaust) to return the inside of the container volume to atmospheric pressure. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD The communication between the inside of the blank and the containers respectively, with the pre-blowing, blowing and, where appropriate, recovery and degassing circuits is carried out using respective solenoid valves which, by convention will be called pre-blowing solenoid valves, blow solenoid valves, solenoid valves, and degassing (or exhaust) solenoid valves. Exhaust silencers, which reduce the noise due to relaxation when returning the interior of the vessel to atmospheric pressure, are generally associated with each exhaust system (one silencer per circuit). The invention aims in particular to overcome the disadvantages of known devices, by proposing a method for informing that deterioration or aging of at least one solenoid valve is too advanced to be corrected by the control method as mentioned above. . The invention also aims to control the service life of the solenoid valves by making it possible to schedule maintenance operations to prevent any stoppage of the machine and, thus, to optimize the efficiency thereof.
    [0002] For this purpose, there is provided a method of manufacturing containers by blowing into a mold of plastic blanks, comprising, during the manufacture of a container: a step of introducing a blank into a mold; at least one step of placing the inside of the blank in communication with at least one fluid circuit via a solenoid valve associated with said circuit; at a predetermined time, referred to as the solenoid opening aperture, sending an opening command to said solenoid valve which has a theoretical opening time, that is to say a time that must theoretically flow between the top of the opening and the instant when the solenoid valve opens effectively; this method comprising steps of: - calculating the effective opening time of said solenoid valve, that is to say the time elapsed between the opening aperture and an actual instant of opening of the solenoid valve; S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD - calculate a difference between the effective opening time and the theoretical opening time; - if the calculated deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue a notification of the maximum permissible deviation.
    [0003] Thus, by detecting excessive opening gaps, in other words operating drifts with respect to reference values, the method makes it possible to ensure optimum operation of the machines on which it is implemented, reducing losses. of production.
    [0004] According to various embodiments: - the actual opening time of the solenoid valve is determined by detecting a pressure variation occurring in the blank or the formation container after the opening top has been given; the actual opening time of the solenoid valve is determined by detecting the occurrence of an impact when a valve contained in the solenoid valve comes into abutment; - The actual opening time of the solenoid valve is determined by detecting the movement of a valve or a control valve of the solenoid valve. Preferably, the method includes a step of determining whether there is a recurrence of maximum allowable gap overruns prior to issuing the notification. In variants: the method comprises the steps of storing a plurality of calculated deviations for said solenoid valve, then calculating an average from said stored deviations and, if the calculated average is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issuing said notification maximum permissible deviation. the method comprises the steps of storing a plurality of deviations calculated for a solenoid valve, then calculating a standard deviation from said stored deviations and, if the calculated standard deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, transmitting said notification of maximum permissible deviation. There is also provided a device for carrying out a method as presented above, this device comprising at least one blowing mold, and means for introducing a blank. in said mold; at least one fluid circuit comprising at least one solenoid valve for communicating the interior of the blank with said circuit; means for sending an opening command to said solenoid valve; means for detecting the effective instant of opening of the solenoid valve; means for calculating a difference between the actual opening instant and a theoretical opening instant; means for transmitting a maximum permissible deviation notification if the calculated deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation.
    [0005] In certain implementations, the device comprises at least one pre-blowing circuit connected to at least one mold by at least one pre-blowing solenoid valve and / or at least one blowing circuit connected to at least one mold by at least one blowing solenoid valve. and / or at least one recovery circuit connected to at least one mold by at least one recovery solenoid valve and / or at least one degassing circuit connected to at least one mold by at least one recovery solenoid valve. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent in light of the description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a container manufacturing machine; - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a blowing station within the machine of Figure 1; - Figure 3 shows a curve illustrating the different pressure variations in a blank during the manufacture of a container. In the remainder of the description, the terms "up", "down", "horizontal", "vertical", "forward", "backward", and the terms "high", "low", and so on. are used for the sake of clarity with reference to S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD the orientation of the figures without this having any limitative scope. In Figure 1 is schematically illustrated a machine 1 for the manufacture of containers from blanks of thermoplastic material and more particularly PET (polyethylene terephthalate). The blanks 2, here preforms, have a closed bottom, whose shape is generally hemispherical, a cylindrical body and a neck in the definitive shape of that of the container to be obtained (which in general does not undergo any deformation during manufacture of the container). The machine 1 of manufacture comprises an oven 10 and a forming unit 12. The function of the oven 10 is to heat the preforms 2 at a temperature greater than or equal to the glass transition of the constituent material, for example greater than 80 ° C. when this material is PET. The furnace 10 comprises a conveyor (schematically illustrated) for conveying the preforms 2 by rotating them on themselves, and radiation emitters 16, such as infrared lamps facing reflectors or laser sources, for heating the preforms 2. The preforms 2 enter the furnace 10 mounted on the U-shaped conveyor. They are heated by the transmitters 16. The emitters 16 and the reflectors, if any, are placed on the conveyor. one side or on both sides of the preforms 2 with respect to their direction of travel. The hot preforms are removed from the furnace 10 and transferred into molds of the forming unit 12 by a first transfer device 18, such as a transfer wheel, interposed between the furnace 10 and the forming unit 12. The transfer wheel comprises arms (not shown, because known per se) which successively enter the preforms 2, after their exit from the furnace 10, at their neck, to introduce them each turn in a mold 26 of the forming unit 12. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD The forming unit 12 comprises a carousel 20 rotating on the periphery of which are arranged several blowing stations 22. Each blowing station 22 comprises at least one mold 26 which usually consists of three parts, namely two half-molds 26A, 26B and a mold bottom 26C, which define the manufacturing cavity of the container. Each hot preform 2 coming out of the oven 10 is introduced into a mold 26 of the blowing station 22 to be blown into it and converted into a container 23. Once completed, the container 23 is extracted from the blowing station 22 by a second device 24. transfer, similar to the first transfer device 18, and well known to those skilled in the art. In Figure 2 is detailed a station 22 blowing. It comprises: a mold 26, made of steel or aluminum alloy, consisting of two half-molds 26A, 26B and a bottom 26C of mold, defining a cavity whose periphery has the shape of the final container 23 produced. The mold 26 is intended to successively receive hot blanks 2 from the furnace 10, a rod 28 of elongation mounted movably along the main axis X of the mold 26, between a high position allowing the introduction of a blank 2 into the mold 26 when it is open and a low position where the end of the rod 28 is in contact with the mold bottom. The passage from the high position to the low position is carried out to stretch the material axially along the X axis, a blowing nozzle 30 mounted movably between a high position during the introduction of the blank 2 and a low position. wherein the lower end of this nozzle 30 cap the blank 2 in a sealed manner to bring the blowing air into the blank 2 30 to come to press the plastic against the walls of the mold 26. The rod 28 Elongation slides in the nozzle 30, a pressure sensor 32, opening into the nozzle 30 to make a measurement of the pressure in the closed volume constituted by the nozzle 30 and the blank 2 during the blowing operation. container 23, S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD a pre-blowing air circuit 34 at low pressure between 5 and 13 bar. This circuit 34 comprises a source 36 of low pressure and a pipe 38 for conveying air from the source 36 of low pressure to the nozzle 30 to form the future container 23 and a solenoid valve EV1, called the pre-blowing solenoid valve, allowing the placing the low-pressure source 36 in communication with the interior of the blank 2, via the nozzle 30. The solenoid valve EV1 is placed on the pipe 38 between the source 36 of low pressure and the nozzle 30. The circuit 34 pre-blowing air also comprises a non-return valve 39 preventing fluid from another source or contained in the blank (respectively the container) being introduced therein, a circuit 40 of high-pressure blowing air , between 20 and 40 bar, which comprises a source 42 of high pressure and a pipe 44 for conveying the fluid from the source 42 of high pressure to the nozzle 30 to form the future container and a solenoid valve EV2, called solenoid valve sou fflage, controlling the communication of the source 42 of high pressure with the blank 2. The solenoid valve EV2 is placed on the pipe 44 between the source 42 of high pressure and the nozzle 30. The circuit 40 of blowing air further comprises a check valve 45 preventing fluid from another source or contained in the blank (respectively the container) is introduced therein, a circuit 46 for recovering the blowing air, which comprises a pipe 50 for conveying the air contained in the container after manufacture to recovery means 48, such as a circuit or a recovery tank, and a solenoid valve EV3, called recovery solenoid valve, controlling the communication between the container and means of recovery.
    [0006] The solenoid valve EV3 is placed on the pipe 50 of the recovery circuit 46, a degassing circuit 52 making it possible to place the interior of the vessel in communication with the outside, for the return to atmospheric pressure, before the ascent of the nozzle 30 in the high position, the degassing circuit 52 comprising a loop of S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD vented, one end of which is connected to a silencer 54 to avoid any noise nuisance, and the other, to a pipe 56 connected to the nozzle 30, and a solenoid valve EV4, called degassing solenoid valve, controlling the placing in communication of the air contained in the container 23 with the atmosphere, a unit 58 of electronic control, in particular in the form of an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC), electrically connected to the pressure sensor 32, to the solenoid valves EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4 via their actuators R1, R2, R3, R4 and, if appropriate, to the displacement control device of the rod 28, a communication interface 68 for the implementation in the control unit 58 of the program governing its operation. Advantageously, the control unit 58 comprises: a processor 60, an analog input module 62 connected to the pressure sensor 32 to collect the measurements and convert them into a digital signal for processing by the processor, a memory 64 connected to the processor for storing data from the pressure sensor 32 (after conversion), an analog output module 66 controlled by the processor 60, and controlling the solenoid valves EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4 via their actuators R1, R2, R3 , R4 so as to modulate the opening and closing to vary the flow of fluid supplied to the nozzle 30, and optionally the device for controlling the axial displacement of the rod 28, the opening and / or closing of solenoid valves EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4 is realized via respective actuators R1, R2, R3, R4 such as electromagnets.
    [0007] For the concrete embodiment of the nozzle 30 and the integration of the solenoid valves, reference FR 2 872 082 or its international equivalent WO 2006/008380 may be referred to. The method of manufacturing a container such as a bottle by stretch blow molding is described below. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD The preforms or blanks 2 enter the furnace 10, mounted on the conveyor which travels in the shape of a U. They are heated to the parade by the emitters 16. The hot preforms 2 coming out of the furnace 10, are introduced successively into the molds 26 of the blowing station 22 with a first aforementioned transfer device 18, well known to those skilled in the art. Once the mold 26 is closed, the nozzle 30 caps the blank 2 before the blowing fluid, which is generally air, is introduced into the blank 2. method of blowing the container, the pressure prevailing in the nozzle 30 is measured continuously by the pressure sensor 32 and is transmitted to the control unit 58 in order to obtain a curve of the evolution of the pressure as a function of the pressure. time. FIG. 3 represents a curve illustrating the evolution of the pressure in the blank at the different stages of the forming operation of the future container 23. In this figure, the time in milliseconds appears on the axis 20 of the abscissae and the pressure evolution, in bars, on the y-axis. In this figure: - the instant Tel is the actual opening time of the solenoid valve EV1 pre-blowing. It is followed by a variation VP1 of pressure, consisting of a rapid increase of the pressure in the blank 2, until reaching the pre-blowing pressure, when the fluid begins to deform the blank 2, variation VP1 which is This phenomenon, which is well known, is due to the behavior of the blank during its initial deformation during the pre-blowing phase (usually accompanied by mechanical elongation). ; S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD - the instant Te2 constitutes the actual instant of opening of the blow-off solenoid valve EV2. It precedes the blowing step. This step comprises two phases, respectively a phase with variation VP2 positive pressure inside the blank, which corresponds to the impression of the container, followed by a P2 pressure bearing, subsequent to the end of the forming the container and allowing a holding of the container in contact with the walls of the mold 26 to ensure good impression; the moment Te3 constitutes the actual opening instant of the recovery solenoid valve EV3. It is followed by a rapid decrease in pressure (variation VP3), until reaching a stabilization step P3, which corresponds to a stage where the recovery circuits have reached a nominal level of pressure; - Time Te4 is the actual opening time of the degassing solenoid valve EV4. It is followed by a rapid VP4 decay of pressure until the atmospheric pressure PA in the vessel is reached. The effective delay Del, De2, De3, De4 of opening of a solenoid valve (illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5), that is to say the time which elapses between the instant TEV1, TEV2, TEV3, TEV4 (also called "opening top" in the following description) where an opening command is sent to a solenoid valve and the moment the solenoid valve opens effectively, tends to evolve according to certain parameters , such as, for example, the age of solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4, the number of cycles to which it is subjected, the wear of some of its constituents. This delay may increase or decrease. When a solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4 comes out of manufacture, it has a theoretical delay Dtl, Dt2, Dt3, Dt4 opening, which is the time that must elapse between the top of opening and the instant where the solenoid valve actually opens. It is a known constant, admitted according to certain tolerances. However, if it is not supplied by the manufacturer, tests at the time of break-in of the machine, before the start of production, make it possible to measure the time that the solenoid valve sets for S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD s open when it is new. This measured initial time becomes the theoretical delay. The constancy of this parameter is essential for the proper functioning of the machine and the perfect reproducibility of the container manufacturing process in order to obtain a good quality of containers. The left part of FIG. 3 represents the evolution of the pressure in the blank during the pre-blowing and blowing steps and the way in which the invention is implemented during these steps.
    [0008] At time TEV1, the control unit 58 gives an order to open the pre-blowing solenoid valve EV1. This moment is called opening top. The opening makes it possible to put the low pressure air circuit in communication with the interior of the blank.
    [0009] In practice, between the instant TEV1 where the opening order of the solenoid valve is given and the effective opening instant Tel solenoid valve EV1, it elapses a certain time called effective delay Del opening . This effective delay Del of opening is calculated in order to highlight a possible difference with a theoretical delay Dtl of opening, which is the delay which must normally pass between the top of opening TEV1 and the theoretical instant Ttl of opening (also called optimal instant). This calculation of the effective delay Del opening can be performed in different ways, identical for all the solenoid valves of the machine. In a first implementation, this effective delay Del is calculated by the control unit 58 by analyzing the pressure curve. For this purpose, the unit 58 continuously controls the pressure in the blank, by means of the pressure sensor 32 opening into the nozzle 30. After the opening top TEV1 has been given, the control unit 58 detects, thanks to the signal from the pressure sensor 32, the occurrence of the variation of pressure VP1 consecutive to the effective opening of solenoid valve EV1. The unit 58 is thus able to determine the effective time Tel (which corresponds to the beginning of the occurrence of the variation VP1) and to calculate the effective delay Del of opening at S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD a few milliseconds indeed, the attainment of the pre-blowing nominal pressure is typically of the order of a few tens of milliseconds. The effective delay Del is the one that elapses between the instant TEV1 and the instant Tel.
    [0010] In a variant, the determination of the effective opening instant Tel is effected by an accelerometer mounted on the solenoid valve EV1. The accelerometer detects, for example, the occurrence of an impact when the valve contained in the solenoid valve EV1 comes to a stop. In another variant, the determination of the actual opening time Tel is performed by a motion detector associated with the valve or the control spool of the solenoid valve EV1. The detection of the beginning of the movement corresponds to the beginning of the opening The theoretical delay Dtl of opening is stored in the control unit 58.
    [0011] When it has determined the effective opening instant Tel and thus the effective delay Del opening, the control unit 58 calculates the difference M1 between the effective delay Del of opening and the theoretical delay Dtl of opening. In other words, it calculates the difference which separates the theoretical instants Ttl and effective Tel of opening.
    [0012] If the calculated difference 4t1 is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, either because the actual time Tel occurs too early (opening too fast) or too late (opening too slow), then the control unit 58 issues a notification of maximum permissible deviation.
    [0013] The maximum permissible deviation is also a constant entered during the manufacture of the solenoid valve or during the running-in of the machine before the production of the machine. This notification is intended to indicate to the operator that the pre-blast solenoid valve EV1 is no longer capable of ensuring normal operation, that is to say to open (and a priori to close again). ) within a period of time that does not affect the quality of the future container or the overall functioning of the machine. It can take different forms: a siren, a light signal, an indication on the control station of the machine, a degraded mode of the machine, a stop of the defective station ... S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD After the instant Tel, the solenoid valve EV1 pre-blowing is open, the blank is in communication with the pre-blowing air circuit. Depending on the applications, the drawing rod 28 is actuated simultaneously, so as to stretch the material of the blank along the axis X. At the instant Texp begins a substantially radial expansion phase of the blank. Note from this point, a bearing, or even a slight decrease in pressure due to the radial expansion which is a function of the plastic flow threshold. Then, a new slight increase in pressure until the rod 28 elongation touches the mold bottom. At the time TEV2, the control unit 58 gives an order to close the pre-blowing solenoid valve EV1 and an opening top of the solenoid valve EV2 for blowing, in order to cause the solenoid valve EV2 to open. blowing and putting the interior of the blank into communication with the high-pressure air circuit. The blow-off solenoid valve EV2 opens at an effective instant Te2, from which, as shown on the curve, the pressure increases sharply (portion VP2) to a stabilization step (step P2).
    [0014] It should be noted at this stage that the effective closing time of the pre-blast solenoid valve EV1 is immaterial, because of the presence of the check valve 39 back in the pre-blowing circuit 34. This nonreturn valve 39 ensures that, if the pre-blowing solenoid valve EV1 does not close fast enough, then, because of the pressure differential, the pressure exerted by the high pressure fluid immediately closes the nonreturn valve 39 and thus prevents that the low pressure fluid continues to circulate. This nonreturn valve 39 also prevents high pressure fluid from being directed to the pre-blowing circuit 34 at low pressure.
    [0015] The calculation of the effective delay De2 opening of the solenoid valve EV2 blowing and the calculation of the difference 4t2 can be performed in the same way as for the solenoid valve EV1 pre-blowing. Thus, in one implementation, the unit 58 controls the pressure variations prevailing in the blank. When the control unit 58 has detected the occurrence of the variation of pressure VP2 (thanks to the signal S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD of the pressure sensor 32) following the effective opening of the solenoid valve EV2 after blowing. opening order of the solenoid valve EV2 blowing, so it is able to determine the effective time Te2 and calculate the effective delay De2 opening to a few milliseconds: indeed, the achievement of the nominal pressure blowing is also typically of the order of a few tens of milliseconds. The effective delay De2 is the one that elapses between the instant TEV2 and the instant Te2. In a variant, the determination of the effective instant Te2 of opening is performed by an accelerometer mounted on the solenoid valve EV2 blowing. The accelerometer detects the occurrence of an impact when the valve contained in the solenoid valve EV2 reaches the stop. In another variant, the determination of the effective instant Te2 of opening is performed by a motion detector associated with the valve or the control valve of the solenoid valve EV2 blowing. After it has determined the actual opening time Te2 of the blow-off solenoid valve EV2, the control unit 58 performs calculations similar to those previously carried out for the pre-blowing solenoid valve EV1, in order to determine if the 4t2 difference between its effective delay De2 of opening and theoretical opening Dt2 is greater than or less than a maximum permissible deviation. If the difference 4t2 calculated is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, either because the actual time Te2 occurs too early (opening too fast) or too late (opening too slow), then the control unit 58 issues a notification of maximum permissible deviation. The right part of FIG. 3 represents the time evolution of the pressure in the blank during the recovery and degassing steps. The operation of the EV3 recovery solenoid valve and the EV4 degassing solenoid valve as well as the management of their delays and deviations are largely comparable to what happens with the EV1, EV2 pre-blowing and blowing solenoid valves. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD Thus, at a predetermined time TEV3, the control unit 58 gives an order to close the solenoid valve EV2 blowing and an opening order (opening top) of the solenoid valve EV3 recovery. The opening of the recovery solenoid valve EV3 makes it possible to place the interior of the hollow body contained in the mold 26 (which is now the formed container 23) in communication with the recovery circuit 46. This recovery circuit 46, well known to those skilled in the art, makes it possible to recover air located inside the blown container and to use it for another function such as jacking or winding. air supply of another step of the forming process. It should be noted at this stage that the effective closing time of the solenoid valve EV2 does not matter, since, at worst, if it closed a little late (that is to say with a few milliseconds of delay ) a little high pressure air would leak to the recovery circuit 46 and thus would not be completely lost. As for the other solenoid valves, the measurement of the actual opening time De3 of the recovery solenoid valve EV3 can be performed by analyzing the pressure curve. After the top has been given at the moment TEV3, the control unit 58 detects (thanks to the signal of the pressure sensor 32) the occurrence of the variation of pressure VP3, constituted by the sudden decrease of pressure consecutive to the effective opening of solenoid valve EV3 recovery. The control unit 58 is thus able to determine the actual opening time Te3 and to calculate the actual opening delay De3 to within a few milliseconds: indeed, the recovery starts in a few tens of milliseconds. The effective delay De3 is the one that elapses between the instant TV3 and the effective instant Te3 of opening. In a variant, the determination of the opening instant Te3 is effected by an accelerometer mounted on the solenoid valve EV3 for recovery. The accelerometer detects the occurrence of a shock when the valve contained in the solenoid valve reaches the stop. In another variant, the determination of the actual opening time Te3 is performed by a motion detector associated with the valve or the control spool of the recovery solenoid valve EV3. S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD From the effective time Te3, the recovery solenoid valve EV3 is opened so that the recovery phase of the air in the container starts. The recovery can be carried out, in known manner, in a tank 48, for example.
    [0016] The control unit 58 performs the same operations as those performed for the pre-blowing or blowing solenoid valves EV1, EV2, but this time with the recovery solenoid valve EV3, to determine the difference 4t3 between the effective instant Te3 opening and the theoretical opening time Tt3 for the recovery solenoid valve EV3. After it has determined the actual opening time Te3 of the recovery solenoid valve EV3, the control unit 58 performs calculations similar to those previously carried out for the pre-blowing solenoid valve EV1, in order to determine whether the 4t3 difference between its effective delays De3 opening and theoretical opening Dt3 is greater or less than a maximum permissible deviation. If the difference 413 calculated is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, either because the actual time Te3 occurs too early (opening too fast) or too late (opening too slow), then the control unit 58 issues a notification of maximum permissible deviation. At time TEV4, the control unit 58 gives a closing order of the recovery solenoid valve EV3 and an opening command of the degassing solenoid valve EV4. This moment is called opening top. The opening of the degassing solenoid valve EV4, at the effective instant Te4, makes it possible to place the interior of the container in communication with the free air via a silencer. As seen previously, the measurement of the effective delay De4 of opening can be made by analyzing, thanks to the measurement of the sensor, the pressure drop VP4 following the opening of the solenoid valve EV4 degassing, or at the same time. aid of the signal emitted by an accelerometer or by detecting the movement of the valve or of a control member of the degassing solenoid valve EV4. From the effective instant Te4, the degassing solenoid valve EV4 is opened and then starts the degassing phase of the air located in the blank. It is noted that from this point, there is a pressure drop due to the evacuation of air in the blank to reach equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure. The control unit 58 performs the same operation as those carried out previously, but this time with the degassing solenoid valve EV4, to determine the difference 4t4 between its effective delay De4 of opening and the theoretical delay Dt4 of opening . If the difference 4t4 calculated is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, either because the actual time Te4 occurs too early (opening too fast) or too late (opening too slow), then the control unit 58 issues a notification of maximum permissible deviation. In the preceding part of the description, it has been indicated that a notification of maximum permissible deviation of the gap is made as soon as a difference M1, At2, 4t3, 4t4 occurs for a solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4. greater than a maximum permissible deviation. However, this way of acting can be at the origin of unjustified maintenance maneuvers. There may be occasional deviations that are not necessarily related to a deterioration or other undesired event. Therefore, in one implementation, the control unit 58 is arranged to store during the manufacture of the containers a plurality of differences M1, 4t2, 4t3, 4t4 calculated for each solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4. , to determine if there is a recurrence of maximum allowable gap overruns on a given solenoid valve and to issue the overrun notification. Preferably, in this case, the notification should be issued as soon as the number of successive deviations exceeding the maximum permissible deviation reaches a predetermined value, in order to avoid ending up with too many defective receptacles. For example, the notification can be issued as soon as a dozen successive deviations on a solenoid valve exceed the maximum allowable value. In a variant, the control unit 58 is programmed to memorize the successive differences M1, 4t2, 4t3, 4t4 of a solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4 of the machine 1 and to calculate the average thereof, and if S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD the calculated average is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue a maximum deviation notification. Other mathematical operations than the average can be carried out on the differences such as the calculation of standard deviations for example. Whatever the implementation, storage and / or calculation of an average or standard deviations, even if they do not lead to the issuance of an overrun notification, insofar as the differences counted or calculated for a solenoid valve would be permissible, can however be used to evaluate the future behavior of solenoid valve EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4. For example, if it appears that the differences increase so that their number or value approaches the allowable gap, the notification can be anticipated. In an improved implementation, the control unit 58 also measures the time taken by the fluid contained in the container to return to atmospheric pressure. This duration makes it possible to have an idea of the state of the silencer. Indeed, as the future containers are produced, the silencer becomes clogged with particles, for example by residual PET particles. This prevents the good release of air and thus increases the time of the degassing step. Therefore, the control unit 58 performs the same operation as that carried out previously, but this time with the silencer, to determine a difference between the end of the actual degassing and the end of the theoretical degassing which is a constant indicated by the operator in the same way as the theoretical opening time of the solenoid valves. The manufacturing method which has just been described offers various advantages, among others: it makes it possible to detect the drift of the solenoid valves, and thus to optimize the efficiency of the machine. it also allows a planning of the maintenance phases of the various solenoid valves of the machine. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments specifically described. It encompasses all the equivalents or all variants within the reach of the skilled person.
    [0017] S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Method for manufacturing containers (23) by blowing into a mold of blanks (2) made of plastic, comprising, during the manufacture of a container: - a step of introducing a blank (2) into a mold (26); at least one step of placing the inside of the blank (2) in communication with at least one fluid circuit (34; 40; 46; 52) via a solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) associated with said circuit (34; 40; 46; 52); at a predetermined time, called the opening step (TEV1; TEV4) solenoid valve, send an opening command to said solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) which has a theoretical delay (Dtl;; Dt4) of opening, that is to say a time that must theoretically pass between the opening top and the instant when the solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) actually opens; characterized in that it comprises steps of: - calculating the effective delay (Del;; De4) of opening of said solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4), i.e. the time elapsed between the aperture top and an effective instant (Tel;; Te4) of opening of the solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4); calculating a difference (4t1; 414) between the effective delay (Del;; De4) of opening and the theoretical delay (Dtl;; Dt4) of opening; - if the calculated deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue a notification of the maximum permissible deviation.
    [0002]
    2. A method of manufacturing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the effective instant (Tel; Te4) of opening of the solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) is determined by detecting a variation in pressure (VP1; VP4) occurring in the blank (2) or container in formation after the opening top has been given
    [0003]
    3. A method of manufacturing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the effective instant (Tel; Te4) opening of the solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) is determined by detecting the S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQDSurveillance of a shock when a valve contained in the solenoid valve comes to a stop.
    [0004]
    4. A method of manufacturing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the effective instant (Tel; Te4) of opening of the solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) is determined by detecting the movement of a valve or a control valve of the solenoid valve.
    [0005]
    5. A method of manufacturing containers according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining whether there is a recurrence of exceedances of maximum permissible deviation before issuing the notification.
    [0006]
    6. A method of manufacturing containers according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a step of storing a plurality of deviations (4t1; 4t4) calculated for said solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3 EV4); calculating an average from said stored gaps; -if the calculated average is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue the said notification of the maximum permissible deviation.
    [0007]
    7. A method of manufacturing containers according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - storing a plurality of deviations (All; 414) calculated for a solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4); ; calculating a standard deviation from said stored gaps; - if the calculated standard deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation, issue the said maximum permissible deviation notification.
    [0008]
    8. Device for implementing the method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one blow mold (26), and means for introducing a blank (2) in said mold (26); at least one fluid circuit (34; 40; 46; 52) comprising at least one solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4) for communicating the interior of the blank with said circuit; means (58; R1; R2; R3; R4) for sending an opening command to said solenoid valve (EV1; EV2; EV3; EV4); S001 B130 EN - PMB14002 - TQD- means (58) for detecting the actual opening time of the solenoid valve (EV1, EV2, EV3, EV4); means for calculating a difference between the actual opening time and a theoretical opening time; means (58) for transmitting a maximum permissible deviation reporting error if the calculated deviation is greater than a maximum permissible deviation.
    [0009]
    9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises at least one pre-blowing circuit (34) connected to at least one mold (26) by at least one pre-blowing solenoid valve (EV1) and / or at least one circuit Blowing device (40) connected to at least one mold (26) by at least one blowing solenoid valve (EV2) and / or at least one recovery circuit (42) connected to at least one mold (26) by at least one solenoid valve (EV3) and / or at least one degassing circuit (46) connected to at least one mold (26) by at least one degassing solenoid valve (EV4). S001 B130 FR - PMB14002 - TQD
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN105960321A|2016-09-21|
    EP3105036A1|2016-12-21|
    CN105960321B|2018-12-28|
    US20160332357A1|2016-11-17|
    FR3017327B1|2016-03-04|
    EP3105036B1|2018-03-14|
    WO2015121557A1|2015-08-20|
    US11110644B2|2021-09-07|
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    US5942892A|1997-10-06|1999-08-24|Husco International, Inc.|Method and apparatus for sensing armature position in direct current solenoid actuators|
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    EP3711926B1|2019-03-22|2021-09-01|Eugen Seitz AG|Blow valve device of a blowing device|
    FR3103729B1|2019-11-29|2021-12-03|Sidel Participations|Device and method for treating hollow bodies.|
    法律状态:
    2015-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-01-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-01-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-01-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-01-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-01-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2022-01-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1451098A|FR3017327B1|2014-02-12|2014-02-12|PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS FROM REELS, WITH DETECTION OF OPENING DEFECTS OF SOLENOID VALVES|FR1451098A| FR3017327B1|2014-02-12|2014-02-12|PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS FROM REELS, WITH DETECTION OF OPENING DEFECTS OF SOLENOID VALVES|
    EP15705653.2A| EP3105036B1|2014-02-12|2015-01-23|Method and device for manufacturing containers from preforms, with detection of defective opening of electrovalves|
    CN201580006970.5A| CN105960321B|2014-02-12|2015-01-23|The method and apparatus of the detection blank manufacture container of defect are opened using motor-driven valve|
    PCT/FR2015/050165| WO2015121557A1|2014-02-12|2015-01-23|Method and device for manufacturing containers from preforms, with detection of defective opening of electrovalves|
    US15/111,109| US11110644B2|2014-02-12|2015-01-23|Method for manufacturing containers from blanks, with detection of defective opening of solenoid valves|
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