• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A structural component kit for construction, which structural component kit (18) comprises several structural components (11.1 - 11.5), each having four main sides (14.1 - 14.4), of which at least two are structural component (11.1 - 11.5) relative to each other. sides (14.1, 14.3), comprise seed designs (12) for creating a layered structure (10.1 - 10.4) using structural components (11.1 -11.5), characterized in that the seed designs (12) have been arranged so that a structural component (11.1, 11.2 , 11.5) together with at least one other structural component (11.2, 11.1, 11.5) have been arranged to form the layer lamella structure (15.2, 15.3) in the thickness direction of the structure (10.1, 10.2, 10.4), based on a thickness direction at right angles to form a structural layer (15 ) in the structure (10.1, 10.3, 10.4), or a structural component (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) has been arranged to form the single layer structure of the structure (10.2). 1) in the thickness direction, based on a thickness direction at right angles to form a structural layer (15) together with another similar structural component (11.2, 11.1, 11.5). In addition, the protection requirements 2-10.
    公开号:FI12766Y1
    申请号:FIU20194163U
    申请日:2019-12-09
    公开日:2020-10-15
    发明作者:Reino Ollikkala
    申请人:Nipere Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a set of structural components for construction, the set of structural components comprising a plurality of structural components, each having four main sides, at least two of which, with the components facing each other, the formation In addition, the invention also relates to a building.
    The prior art in industrial log construction is represented by lamellar log construction. In it, the building is formed in layers using laminated logs. In this case, the structural layer of the building is formed by a lamella log made of several glued-together wooden parts, of which the term glued log is also commonly used. The opposite sides of the lamella log have charge formations to form a layered structure using the lamella log.
    However, one problem with lamella logs is the sensitivity of the structure formed from it to different variations of conditions. Fluctuations in temperature and humidity cause the structure formed of lamellar logs to shrink and expand. An example is the air leakage of the structure due to shrinkage in winter. In this case, for example, in a 10-meter-long N structure, several milli- N meters, sometimes up to 10 mm, of life may occur between the seasons, which appear in the structure as different cracks. In addition, the lamella log as a structural component of a certain size is suitable for the construction of only one type of structure with a structural thickness of 30.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a set of structural components for construction which is improved in its properties and at the same time also more versatile than known solutions. The characteristic features of the set of structural components according to the invention are set out in the appended protection requirement 1 and building protection requirement 7. Using the set of structural components according to the invention, a layered structure formed of structural components Despite the variations in conditions, the structure still remains tight. With the invention, it is also possible to make the structural strength of the building relatively large. This improves, for example, the thermal and sound insulation of the structure. In addition, the structure is also very easy to assemble with the invention and does not require special tools for the construction site. The structural components of the structural component series are easy to handle in size, which can even be done by human forces alone. Their transportation is also made efficient. They can be layered to form compact transport packages with as little empty space as possible. With one embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the structural layers formed by the structural components is also made tighter. With charge formations formed on the main width of the entire side of the structural component, which further form a labyrinth structure, more air is created between the structure to be transported from the outside to the inside, i.e. from one side of the structure to the other N side of the structure. I
    S r In addition, the set of structural components according to the invention also multiplies the construction of the structural components with respect to known, custom-made and structurally integral lamellar logs forming a single structural layer. With the set of structural components according to the invention, it is possible to build buildings with different structural strengths with the invention. Thus, the same
    The structural components in the component series are equally suitable for both light and structurally demanding, for example residential construction.
    The solution according to the invention already strengthens the structure itself, so it can be implemented, for example, as a horizontal log structure even without connecting members between the structural components.
    The use of connecting members is also equally possible, for example in vertical structures.
    In this case, the plate-like structure can be formed by connecting means, such as, for example, threaded rods, nails and / or screws.
    Other features of the invention will be apparent from the appended claims, and additional advantages are set forth in the specification.
    In the following, the invention, which is not limited to the embodiments shown below, will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows in principle a first example of a structure according to the invention formed by end view of structural components. Fig. 2 shows the structural components shown in Fig. 1 separately from each other when viewed from the end, N Fig. 3 shows, in principle, another N examples of a structure according to the invention formed from the structural components S 30 belonging to the series of structural components 7, viewed from the end again, © Figs. 4a and 4b show a structure formed of the structural components shown in Figs. 1 and 2 viewed from different N directions,
    Figures 5a and 5b show different structural layers of the structure shown in Figures 4a and 4b seen from above, Figure 6 shows an example of vertical construction with a set of structural components according to the invention and also arrangement of the structure angle to the vertical structure seen from above, Figure 7 shows in principle a third example of a structure according to the invention formed of structural components belonging to a set of structural components viewed from the end, and Figure 8 shows in principle a example of a building constructed with a set of structural components according to the invention.
    Figure 1 shows, in principle, a first example of a structure 10.1 according to the invention. The structure 10.1 is assembled from superimposed, i.e. layered, elongate structural components 11.1, 11.2, which together now form a series of structural components 18. In Figure 1, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 are shown from the end.
    The structural components 11.1, 11.2 are intended for construction and can be made of, for example, N wood.
    Structural components 11.1, 11.2 can also be used = better known as logs.
    In this case, the structure 10.1 formed from them can also be called a log structure.
    Fig. 2 S 30, on the other hand, shows the structural components © 11.1, 11.2 shown in Fig. 1 separately from each other, viewed from the end again. 8> “In general, structural components 11.1 to 11.5 have four main sides 14.1 to 14.4, which can also be called external sides. From the main sides 14.1 to 14.4, at least two sides 14.1, 14.3 of opposite sides of the structural component 11.1 to 11.5 are provided with charge formations 12 to form a layered structure 10.1 to 10.4 using the structural components 11.1 to 11.5. Some other examples of layered structures 10.2 to 10.4 formed using the set of structural components 18 according to the invention are shown in Figures 3, 6 and 7. The charge formations 12 are mainly present in the structural components 11.1 to 10.4.
    11.5 superimposed pages 14.1, 14.3. When the structural components 11.1 to 11.5 are layered, i.e. when placed against each other, they are then placed between them. Structure
    10.1 - 10.4 layering of vertical structural components
    11.1 to 11.5 can be made with structural components 11.1 to 11.5 placed side by side in the longitudinal direction or superimposed horizontally and connected to each other. The structural component 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 can be used to form a structure 10.1 to 10.4, which forms, for example, an external and / or partition wall and / or a floor in the building 100 (Fig. 8). The structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 shown are substantially square in shape. In this case, in the structure 10.1 to 10.4, the ends of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, N 11.5, i.e. the sides 14.2, 14.4, remain between the sides 14.1, 14.3 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 facing each other. In the case of the outer wall, they can form, for example, the facade surface and the inner side surface of the building 100. The sides 14.1, 14.3 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 7, on which the charge formations 12 are located, are thus hidden between the structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5. The structure 10.1 5 to 10.4 formed by the structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 can itself form, for example, a wall without the need to provide additional layers on its surface.
    As can be seen, for example, from Figures 1 and 2, the charge formations 12 belonging to the structural components 11.1, 11.2 are arranged at least on the sides 14.1, 14.3 of the opposite sides of the structural component 11.1 to 11.4 so that when the structure 10.1, 10.2, 10.4 is deposited from the structural components 11.1 to 11.5. , the structural component 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 together with the at least one other structural component 11.2, 11.1, 11.5 can be formed into a layer lamella structure 15.2 forming one structural layer 15 in the structure 10.1, 10.3, 10.4. In other words, then one of the structural layers 15 of the structure 10.1, 10.3, 10.4
    10.3, 10.4 in the thickness direction W1 may consist of, for example, two (or more) independent structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 which are separated from each other during the installation phase. Thus, when the structural layer 15 is in this way, for example, two-component according to Figures 1 and 2, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 can be said to form two lamellae in the thickness direction of the structural layer 15, i.e. between the sides 14.2, 14.4 without charge formations 12. 1 with reference mark W1.
    Above, in Figures 1 and 2, the structure was formed from two different structural components 11.1, 11.2. It should be noted, however, that there may be three, four or even more structural components forming one structural layer 15. In this case, the structural layer 15 is thus a multi-component N component, the structural components together forming N several lamellae therein in the thickness direction W1 of the structure 10.1, 10.4. = Such an embodiment will be returned to in the description a little later with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 3 shows, in principle, another example of a structure 10.2 according to the invention formed from a set of structural components 18 according to the invention, viewed from the end again. In addition to the layer lamella structure 15.2 already shown above in Figure 1, the structural components belonging to the structural component set 18 according to the invention
    11.1, 11.2, 11.5 are arranged at least on the sides 14.1, 14.3 of at least opposite sides of the structural component 11.1 to 11.5, so that the structural components 11.1, 11.2 of the set of structural components 18 according to the invention
    11.5 can also be formed in the second structure 10.2 according to Fig. 3, a single-layer structure 15.1 forming one structural layer 15. This is done by depositing the structure 10.2 of the fracture components 11.1, 11.2 with another, one or more similar structural components 11.1, 11.2. In Fig. 3, the structural component with which the structure 10.2 is formed is the narrower structural component 11.2 shown in the embodiment of Figs. Similarly, the structural component adapted to form the single-layer structure 15.1 could also be a wider structural component 11.1 shown in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, or also a structural component 11.5 according to the embodiment shown in Figure 7. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the structural component 11.1,
    Thus, the structure 10.2 does not function in the structure 10.2 as a multi-component lamellar structure, but as a single-component conventional log in the thickness direction of the structure 10.2. The arrangement of the charge formations 12, in particular the division of the charge forms 12, into the structural components 11.1, 11.2, enabling such a construction, makes it particularly versatile, for example for lighter than N as well as more demanding N construction required by higher structural strength W1. Thus, with the two structural components 11.1, 11.2 formed in this way, up to three types of structures of structural strength can be constructed. a 30 © In addition to Figures 1 to 3, it can also be seen that the charge formations 12 are adapted to cover substantially the entire side 14.1, 14.3 of the structural components N 11.1 to 11.4, which come from the structure 10.1 -
    10.3 of the structural components 11.1 to 11.4 when deposited against each other. When the entire width of the page 14.1, 14.3 is
    feeling the charge formulations 12 binding the structural components 11.1,
    11.2 their entire width to each other. This also contributes to allowing the structural components to be allowed a small relative movement relative to each other in the direction determined by the structural strength W1, W2 of the structure 10.1, 10.2. In other words, then the structural components 11.1, 11.2 can live slightly in relation to each other and still the gaps between the structural layers 15 formed by them remain tight. Since the charge formulations 12 are adapted to cover substantially the entire page 14.1, 14.3 of the structural components 11.1 to 11.4, they are adapted to affect the effect of the structural components 11.1 to 11.3.
    11.4 to the cross-sectional profile. According to one embodiment, the charge formations 12 are adapted to make the cross-sectional profile of the structural component 11.1 to 11.4 or even the profile of the sides 14.1, 14.3 square, i.e. in an angular manner, notched with the strength of the entire side 14.1, 14.3. More specifically, this edging of the notch between the structural components 11.1, 11.4 is reflected in the direction defined by the structural strength W1, W2 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, which can also be called the square-width sectional profile. In this way, the structural components forming the different structural layers 15 are put together
    The seam length between 11.1, 11.2 is made longer than the width L1, L2 of the individual structural component 11.1, 11.2 or the structural thickness W1, W2 of the structure N 10.1, 10.2 formed of the structural components 11.1, 11.2. In other words, then the passage of air N in the seam 19 through the structural layer 15 from one side 14.2 of the structural component 11.1, 11.2 to the 14.4 side of the other side 7, i.e. through the structure 10.1, 10.2, is made longer. This feature thus also improves the thermal economy of the structure 10.1, 10.2 constructed of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 and also the sound insulation. Thus, a breathable but N-tight structure is possible, as the notches prevent airflows from passing through the structure, such as a wall.
    According to one embodiment, the basic cross-sectional or, more particularly, the side profile of the structural component 11.1 to 11.4 can be provided such that the charge formations 12 are adapted to include at least one recess 22 arranged on the side 14.1, 14.3 and adjacent to the recess 22. The projection 23 is arranged on the structural component 11.1, 11.2 on at least one side of the cavity 22. The recesses 22 and the projections 23 of the structural component 11.1, 11.2 forming the structural layer 15 can be fitted to the structure 10.1,
    10.2 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 in forming the 15 'structural component of the preceding and / or next structural layer;
    11.2, 11.1 to the respective charge formations 12 for forming a recess pair 24 between the successive structural layers 15, 15 ”of the structural components 11.1, 11.2.
    The recesses 22 and projections 23 of the charge formations 12, which interleave the structural components 11.1, 11.2 with their charge design and 12 sides 14.1, 14.3, form two or more pairs of recess projections 24 between the structural components 11.1, 11.2 belonging to different structural layers 15, 15 ". This may be the case in at least some of the joints of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 belonging to the structure 10.1 to 10.3 between the structural layers 15 formed therein, but preferably the connection method is such between each structural layer 15, 15 '. 11.1, 11.2 on the elongate sides 14.1, 14.3 on the main part N of the length of their abutting sides 14.1, 14.3. = A plurality of recess projections 24 improve the tightening properties between the structural components 11.1, 11.2. © 11.2 the line of intersection between the structure 10 in the transverse direction lengthens, i.e. a maze seal is provided. It makes the joint N tight and also holds the structure 10.1, 10.2 in the direction determined by the structural strength W1, W2.
    Hollow-projection connecting pairs 24 connecting two structural components 11.1 placed one behind the other, forming successive structural layers 15, 15.1, 15.2 in the structure 10.1, 10.2,
    11.2 to each other, are parallel between the structural components 11.1, 11.2 in parallel longitudinally of the structural components 11.1, 11.2. In this case, they are the structural components 11.1,
    11.2 in the longitudinal direction in the main part of the structural components 11.1,
    11.2 the opposing sides 14.1, 14.3, i.e. the elongate side 14.1, 14.3 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, as can be seen, for example, in Figures 5a and 5b. When assembling the structure 10, these sides 14.1, 14.3 come against each other. Furthermore, the charge formations 12 may also include a chamfer 13 arranged in the structural component 11.1 to 11.5 between the cavity 22 and the projection 23. In this case, the charge formations 12 can also be referred to as chamfered square openings with a full page 14.1, 14.3. The chamfer 13 makes the booking designs 12 smoother. More specifically, the chamfer 13 tapers the edge between the cavity 22 and the protrusion 23 and thus improves the ability of the structural component 11.1, 11.2 to absorb deformations and deformations while still maintaining the tightness between the structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5. Figure 2, which has already been referred to above, shows the structural components 11.1, 11.2 separately from each other when viewed from their ends. More specifically, the pair of N cavity projections 24 included in the charge formations 12 are adapted to consist of a cavity 22 arranged in the first structural component 11.1 and a protrusion 23 arranged in the second structural component 11.2 and adaptable to the cavity 22. There are now such coupling pairs 24 S 30. two or more per structural joint 15, 15 'between the structural components 11.1, 11.2. 8> “At least one of the sides 14.2 of the structural component 11.1, 11.2, which is in the structure 10.1, in particular, in a layered lamella structure
    15.2 is adapted to be against the second structural component 11.2, 11.1 to form the layer lamella structure 15.2, is adapted to form a planar surface 16. First, this facilitates the formation of the layer lamella structure 15.2. In this case, the charge formations 12 are present in the structural components 11.1, 11.2 only on opposite sides 14.1, 14.3, i.e. in the direction in which the layer structure 15, 15.1 to be formed from the structural components 11.1, 11.2 is formed. Since the sides 14.2, 14.4 at an angle perpendicular to these sides 14.1, 14.3 do not have charge deformations but are on planar surfaces 16, it is sufficient that the structural component 11.1, 11.2 is aligned and placed in only one charge deformation 12 which is only in the structural component 11.1, 11.2 of the preceding structural layer 15 '. In other words, there is no need to align or match in two directions at all. Second, this on page 14.2 of structural component 11.1, 11.2,
    14.4 the arranged surface surface 16 also contributes to its use as a structural component 11.1 of the single-layer structure 15.1,
    11.2. This planar surface 16 then forms the end face of the structure 10.2 facing either inwards or outwards of the building. According to one embodiment, the structural component 11.1, 11.2 can be arranged in its width L1, L2 such that the structural thickness W2 of the single-layer structure 15.1 is either greater or N less than half of the structural thickness W1 of the layer lamella structure 15.2. Thus, for example, the layer lamella structure 15.2 formed of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 is not divided into two lamellae 7, i.e. the structural components 11.1, 11.2 symmetrically in the middle of the structural layer 15, but the distribution takes place asymmetrically, i.e. unilaterally. In this case, the width L1, L2 N of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 forming the structural layer 5 15 differ from each other. In other words, structural components 11.1,
    11.2 then includes a wider structural component 11.1 and a narrower structural component 11.2. Of these, a wider
    the width L1 of the structural component 11.1 is greater than half the structural thickness Wi of the structural layer 15. According to one embodiment, the recess 22 or protrusion 23 belonging to the charge design 12 is arranged to form a planar surface 16 at a side 14.2, 14.4 of the fitted structural component 11.1, 11.2, which in the structure 10.1 is adapted to form another structural component 11.2, 11.1 to form a laminated lamellae structure 15.2. When the cavity 22 and the protrusion 23 break in this way at the junction of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, the seam 19 of the two-component structure 15.2 does not hit the chamfer 13 or the angle between the chamfer 13 and the cavity 22 or the protrusion 23. This contributes to the improvement of structural components 11.1,
    11.2 merging with each other.
    On the other hand, this feature also provides that the projection 23 '(and thus also the recess) located between the structural components
    11.1, 11.2 to the edge of the assembled structural layer 15, is only half the width of the protrusion 23 (and the corresponding recess). It follows that the cross-sectional profile of the structural component 11.1, 11.2 changes closer to the sides 14.2, 14.4, i.e. the projection 23 ”changes more rapidly into a cavity than if it were to occur, for example, at the chamfers 13. A change> 25 closer to the surface of the structural component 11.1, 11.2, i.e. the sides 14.2, 14.4, also improves the tightness of the structure 10.1, 10.2.
    S LÖ According to one embodiment, the set of structural components 18 comprises, for example, two structural components S 30 11.1, 11.2, already shown in Figures 1 to 3, with different widths L1, L2. There can be only one type of structural component 11.5 in the structural component set 18. The structural components 5 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 are adapted to be used together or N also separately to form structures 10.1 to 10.4 with different structural strengths W1, W2. The set of structural components 18 includes a set of layers arranged to form the structural layer 15.
    structural components 11.1, 11.2 of the lamellar structure 15.2, 15.3,
    11.5, can be fitted against each other as already described in the description above on their flat sides 14.2, 14.4.
    Figure 8 shows, in principle, an example of a building 100 constructed with a set of structural components 18 according to the invention. Thus, the invention also relates to a building 100. The building 100 comprises walls 101, a possible floor 102 and a roof 103. At least one or more of the walls 101 of the building 100 is formed using one or more structural components 11.1, 11.2, 11.5 belonging to the set of structural components 18 according to the invention. The walls 101 can be formed into a closed frame, which can also form a supporting frame for the building 100. The set of structural components according to the invention can be used, for example, in the manufacture of walls and floor structures for log houses and buildings. In this case, there is no limit to the strength of the wall or floor. A building can equally be understood as a structure. In this case, it may lack a roof, for example.
    Figures 4a and 4b show the structure 10.1 formed from the structural components 11.1, 11.2 shown in Figures 1 and 2, viewed from different directions. Figures 5a and 5b, in turn, show the different structural layers 15 of the structure 10.1 shown in Figures 4a and 4b when viewed from above. Now the N structure 10.2 being the layer lamella structure 15.2 is thus a double layer N lamella structure, because one structural layer 15 is formed by = two different structural components 11.1, 11.2. Fig. 5a shows the second structural layer 15 of Figs. 4a and 4b and Fig. 5b shows the first structural layer of Figs. 4a and 4b. Now the structure © 10.1 is a horizontal log structure, i.e. the longitudinal direction of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 5 in the structure 10.1 is horizontal. The structure N 10.1 is on the foundations 25 as shown in Figures 4a and 4b. On top of the foundations 25 there is a downstream structure, which is also formed using the principle according to the invention, i.e. with the structural components 11.17, 11.27 belonging to the building set 18. The same is also realized in Figures 1 and 3, for example. As shown in Figures 5a and 5b, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 belonging to the set of structural components 18 may have different interleavings in the structure 10.1 between the structural layers 15, 15 '. According to one embodiment, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 of the structural component set 18 are interleaved in the structure 10.1 between the different structural layers 15, 15 'in the depth direction of the structure 10.1, i.e. in the direction of the structural strength W1 of the structure 10.1. The interleaving can be carried out, for example, in such a way that the position of the seam 19 between the structural components 11.1, 11.2 forming the structural layer 15 is adapted to deviate from the seam 19 'of the structural layer 15' preceding and following the structural layer 15. This also improves the tightness of the structure 10.1 and in particular makes it more stable. The interleaving between the structural components 11.1, 11.2 can also be connected in the layer lamella structure 15.2 to the corner of the building 100
    17.1. Building 100 may include one or more corners
    17.1. When the structural components 11.1, 11.2 are horizontal in their longitudinal direction, the corners 17.1 of the building 100 have their ends of the structural components 11.1, 11.2. In this case, the stacking of the ends of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 is arranged at an angle 17.1 to interleave between the different structural layers 15, 15 ”. S This also increases the length of the seam 197 located at the ends of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, making it labyrinthine and thus = also tight in terms of both thermal and sound insulation. 7 In addition, as a result, the angle 17.1 becomes aesthetically more acceptable. As can be seen from Figures 5a and 5b, of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, at angle 17.1, only one structural component 11.1, 11.2 is visible, while the other structural component N 11.2, 11.2 is hidden. Visible structural components 11.1,
    11.2 alternate between different structural layers 15. Sometimes the view is wider and sometimes narrower.
    In addition, it can be seen from Figures 5a and 5b that at least some of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 can be connected to one another, for example by means of threaded rods 20 or similar elongate connecting members. Nails and / or screws, for example, can also be used as these connecting elements. In horizontal log construction, the connecting members are vertical or not needed at all. With the connecting members, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 can be rigidly connected to one another. In addition, the connecting members are easy to pass through the structural components 11.2, 11.2, the thickness of which
    10.1 in the direction defined by the structural layers 15 is relatively thin compared to, for example, solid logs. By connecting two pieces of different widths with connecting elements, for example threaded rods and notches of the pieces, an even stronger wall and a similar structural part formed of small pieces is obtained. The structure does not necessarily need glue at all to strengthen its strength. Figure 6 shows an example of a vertical construction with a set of structural components 18 according to the invention, i.e. with structural components 11.1, 11.2 and also with the arrangement of the angle 17.2 of the structure 10.3 in the vertical structure viewed from above. Instead of a horizontal log structure, a vertical log structure can also be formed on the construction site from the structural components 11.1, 11.2. By vertical structure is meant here a structure formed of N structural components 11.1, 11.2, in which the N elongate structural components 11.1, 11.2 are mounted in place in their installation object and thus the structure 10.3 is formed from them vertically or substantially vertically. In other words, the line of intersection between the structural layers 15, from which they are connected to each other by the charge formations 12, 5, is also then vertical or substantially vertical. In this case, at the lower edge of the structure 10.3 and correspondingly also at the upper edge of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, their ends are present and the structural components 11.1, 11.2 are vertical in their longitudinal direction. As can also be clearly seen in Figure 6, in at least some of the structural components 11.3, 11.4 the charge design 12 can be fitted to the structural component 11.3, 11.4 on its three sides 14.1, 14.3,
    14.4 to form an angle joint 17.2 of a vertical log structure
    In connection with 10.3.
    Thus, the structural component 11.3, 11.4 may be part of one, two or more structural layer joints, since the structure 10.3 comprises a plurality of structural components 11.1 - arranged side by side and thus forming the structural layers 15.
    11.4 placed against each other. In this case, the charge formations 12 are on opposite sides of the structural component 11.1, 11.2, for example on a part of a straight wall, as is the case on the structural components 11.1, 11.2 shown in Figures 1 and 3 or on adjacent sides 14.1, 14.3, 14.4, such as a corner log 11.3, 11.4. Figure 6 shows this in more detail. Of course, there may even be charge formations 12 on each side of the structural component. This may be the case, for example, in a partition structure. For example, one square structural component can act as a corner of the wall structure. It can be branched, for example, by three or even four partitions, i.e. from each side of the structural component. In the corner structure according to Fig. 6 N, the angle 17.2 of the structure 10.3 can N be supplemented by the corner components 11.17, 11.2 ”. The corner structure = allows the structure to be made using the same pieces. In addition, the corner is sealed by interleaving the pieces with respect to each other.
    3 S According to one embodiment, the structural thickness L1 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 N can be, for example, for a wider structural component 11.1: 150 mm and a narrower structural component.
    11.2: 90 mm. In that case, together they may form a structural
    a layer lamella structure with a total Wl of 240 mm 15.2. It is suitable, for example, for residential or villa construction.
    It is also possible to implement even higher wall thicknesses, such as 360 mm.
    The structural thicknesses W2 of the single-layer structures 15.1 are then the structural thicknesses L1, L2 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2, i.e. 150 mm and 90 mm.
    In this case, the structural components 11.1, 11.2 are suitable for lighter construction, such as sheds, sheds or barns.
    The height of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 may in turn be 50 to 100 mm, such as 70 mm.
    By height here is meant the direction in which the structural components 11.1, 11.2 form the structural layer 15. More generally, the ratio of the structural strengths L1, L2 of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 may be, for example, between 2/5 and 4/5. The height of the structural components 11.1, 11.2 may in turn be, for example, 30 to 80% of the structural strength of the structural components 11.1, 11.2.
    Thus, the height of the structural component 11.1, 11.2 is thus smaller than its width L1, L2, which makes it easy to handle and build as a “board-like” component in relation to, for example, glulam logs.
    The width of the recess 22 and the protrusion 23 included in the charge formations 12 may be, for example, 24 mm and the width of the chamfer 13, for example 6 mm.
    The depth of the cavity 22 and thus also the height of the protrusion 23 can in turn be 30 mm.
    The invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment in which the set of structural components 18 consisted of two structural components = 11.1, 11.2 with different widths L1, L2, adapted for use together or separately to form structures 10.1 to 10.3a with different structural strengths W1, W2.
    However, the idea according to the invention, both for the layer lamella structure 15.2 and for the single-layer structure 15.1, 5 can also be implemented with one of the structural components 11.5. Figure 7 shows an example of such.
    The presented embodiment is shown as a horizontal log structure, but it could equally be a vertical log structure.
    Figure 7 shows the layer lamella structure 15.3. Now the structure
    10.4 one structural layer 15 is formed by three similar structural components 11.5 placed in parallel in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4. Compared to the embodiment presented earlier in the application, the division between the structural components 11.5 in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4 is also implemented in a slightly different way. Now the division is not midway between the recesses 22 and the corresponding projections 23, as above, but closer to the chamfer 13. Thus, at least one side 14.2, 14.4 of the structural component 11.5 arranged to form the planar surface 16, which is arranged in the structure 10.4 to be against the second structural component 11.5 to form a layered lamella structure 15.3, the division of the structural components 11.5 in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4 is arranged closer to the chamfer 13 than halfway between the cavity 22 and the protrusion 23. In other words, the division, i.e. the seam 19, is arranged closer to the second chamfer 13 between the recess 22 and the projection 23. The location of the seam 19, i.e. the division of the structural components 11.5 in the layer lamella structure 15.3, can then be said to be asymmetrical also in terms of charge design 12. It also follows from the above that the different structural layers 15 ', 15, 15' are also slightly interleaved with respect to each other in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4. The interleaving is alternating, i.e. on the outer and inner surfaces 14.2, N 14.4 of the structure 10.4, recesses and protrusions are then formed in the division N according to the structural layers 15, as can be seen in Fig. 7. = They also give texture to structure 10.4, ie feature 7 is also visual. The division of the components 11.5 of the structural component 30 close to the chamfer 13 also causes the cross-section of the structural component 11.5 at one angle to have a sharply spaced cam 21. In the alternately interleaved layer lamella structure 15.3, the cam 21 N can then act as a water cam, which also prevents the structure 10.4 from getting wet.
    The cam 21 also improves the stability of the structure 10.4. In this case, the layer lamella structure 15.3 is in opposite layers
    15.37, 15.3; 15.3, 15.3 ’at least one cam 21, more particularly, a pair of cams within the structure 10.4. It binds the preceding and following layer lamella structures together in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4. 15.37, 15.3 of successive layers; 15.3, 15.3 ”between the cam 21, more specifically, the location of the cam pairs alternates within the structure 10.4 from side to side. In the successive layers, the cams 21, 21 'forming the cam pair are also opposite in the structure 10.4, thus forming a binding pair above and below the layer. The cam 21, 21 'and the projections 23 and the recesses 22 provide a stable layered structure in the thickness direction of the structure 10.4.
    The structural components 11.1, 11.2 can also be easily manufactured. They can be made of small wood, for example. They can also be made first by forming a long and wide wooden beam with a square cross-section of 240 x 70 mm. It can be planed on every page 14.1 - 14.4. The opposite sides 14.1, 14.3 are then formed by milling the cavities 22 and the projections 23 with their chamfers 13. The wooden beam is then sawn lengthwise into two differently sized parts in the desired manner, forming the structural components 11.1, 11.2. The splitting into two parts takes place in the middle of the protrusion 23 on one side 14.1 and thus also in the middle of the corresponding notch 22 which hits the point on the opposite side N side 14.3. The division of the recesses 22 and the projections, more generally, the division of the charge = shapes 12 on the sides 14.1, 14.3 allows the structural components 7.1, 11.2, 11.5 to be versatile.
    a 30 © The embodiment of Figure 7 is particularly advantageous for forming the structure 10.4 5, in particular of small diameter wood. The size of the structural components 11.5 can be, for example, 70 * 90 mm. In this case, a wall structure 270 mm thick can be formed with three identical structural components 11.5.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
    A structural component kit for construction, the structural component kit (18) comprising a plurality of fracture components (11.1 to 11.5), each having four main sides (14.1 to 11.5).
    14.4), of which at least two on opposite sides of the structural component (11.1 to 11.5) (14.1,
    14.3) includes charge formations (12) for forming the layered structure (10.1 to 10.4) using the structural components (11.1 to 11.5), characterized in that the charge forms (12) are arranged such that - the structural component (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) is together, with at least one, another structural component (11.2, 11.1, 11.5) adapted to form a structure (10.1, 10.2,
    10.4) its thickness-oriented layer lamella structure (15.2,
    15.3) to form one structural layer (15) perpendicular to the thickness direction to the structure (10.1, 10.3,
    10.4), or - the structural component (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) is adapted to form in the structure (10.2) a structural layer (15) perpendicular to the thickness direction of its single-layered single-layer structure (15.1) to form a second, similar structural component (11.1, 11.2), 11.5).
    A set of structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that the n - charge designs (12) are arranged to include at least one recess 7 (22) arranged in the structural component (11.1 to 11.5) and a projection (23) arranged next to the recess (22). ), which cavities (22) and projections (23) of the structural component E 30 (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) are adaptable when forming the structural component of the structural component N (15) preceding and / or following the structure (10.1, 10.2, 10.4) 5. (11.2, 11.1, 11.5) to the respective charge formations (12) to form a recess for forming a pair of joints (24),
    - the charge formations (12) comprise a chamfer (13) arranged between the recess (22) and the projection (23) of the structural component (11.1 to 11.5).
    A component of a structural component according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one side of the side (14.2, 14.4) of the structural component (11.5) arranged to form the planar surface (16) is arranged against the other structural component (11.5) in the structure (10.4). to form the layer lamella structure (15.3), the distribution of the structural components (11.5) in the thickness direction of the structure (10.4) is arranged closer to the chamfer (13) than to the middle of the cavity (22) and the projection (23).
    A set of components according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least in part the charge design (12) of the components (11.3, 11.4) is arranged on the component (11.3, 11.4) on its three sides (14.1, 14.3, 14.4). to form an angle joint (17.2) in connection with a vertical log structure (10.3).
    A set of structural components according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distribution of the charge formations (12) between the structural components (11.5) is arranged such that the structural layers (15) of the structure (10.4) are alternately interleaved. in the thickness direction.
    S LÖ 6. Structural component = set according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the width (L1, L2) of the structural components (11.1, 11.2) belonging to the structural component set (18) 7 is adapted to deviate from each other so that the single-layer structure (15.1) the structural thickness (W1) is either greater than or less than 5 than the structural thickness of the layer lamella structure (15.2) N (W2) in the thickness direction of the structures (10.1 to 10.4).
    A building comprising walls (101) and a roof (103), characterized in that at least one or more of the walls (101) of the building (100) are formed by a set of components (18) according to one or more of the protection claims 1 to 6. ).
    A building according to claim 7, characterized in that the structural components (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) belonging to the structural component set (18) are interleaved in the structure (10.1, 10.4) between different structural layers (15) so that the structural components (11.1) forming the structural layer (15) 11.2, 11.5) the position of the seam (19) is adapted to deviate from the seam (197) of the structural layer (15 ') preceding and following the structural layer (15).
    Building according to protection claim 7 or 8, characterized in that at least some of the structural components (11.1, 11.2) are connected to one another, for example by means of threaded rods (20), nails and / or screws or similar connecting elements.
    Building according to one of Claims 7 to 9, comprising one or more corners (17.1) in which the structural components (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) have their ends, characterized in that the stacking of the structural components (11.1, 11.2, 11.5) is suitable - intersected at an angle (17.1) between the different structural layers (15, o S 157).
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