• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Railway element extraction device and associated procedure. Device for extracting railway elements, with sheath (1) and screwdriver (7) broken by the neck (c), comprising at least one tool (2, 3) with an axis (8) with a bushing (9, 9') hole with diameter of the hole greater than that of the neck (c) of the screwdriver (7), at a first end and, at a second end, manipulation means (21) to rotate shaft (8) and produce the extraction. Extraction procedure consisting of introducing ends (17) of extensions (10) of the bushing (9) into openings (16) of anti-rotation element (6); rotate the shaft (8); and pull the tool (2) by removing the anti-rotation element. Extraction procedure consisting of arranging the bushing (9') around the end of the sheath (1); coupling projections (5) thereof in grooves (4) of the sheath; rotate the shaft (8); and extract sheath (1) and tirafondo (7). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2735151A1
    申请号:ES201830571
    申请日:2018-06-12
    公开日:2019-12-16
    发明作者:García Rubén Ripoll
    申请人:Railtech Sufetra SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] EXTRACTION DEVICE OF RAILWAY ELEMENTS AND PROCEDURE ASSOCIATED WITH THE SAME
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0005] The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, such as the sheaths or inserts that partially house inside their screws, or even parts comprising said sheaths such as anti-rotation means with respect to concrete structures; as well as the procedure associated with it.
    [0006]
    [0007] This extraction device and associated procedure has the purpose of quickly and effectively replacing said railway elements; anti-rotation element associated with sheath, as well as sheath with screw, used in the fastening of rail rails; focused mainly for the usual cases where the bolt has suffered a break with its body or stem being separated from the upper head of the bolt, such that it prevents or hinders the extraction of the parts that make up the assembly, and which must be replaced by new ones Maintain the optimal conditions of the installation of the track quickly, effectively and safely.
    [0008]
    [0009] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0010]
    [0011] By way of introduction, the use of railway element extraction devices is known, in this sense it should be noted that the same applicant is the holder of the Spanish patent number ES-2283235, in which a sheath is described for fastenings of railway rails , as well as the procedure for its replacement and the tools to execute said procedure; where said tools enable the extraction of anti-rotation means that the sheath presents, as well as the extraction of the sheath itself.
    [0012]
    [0013] Said patent presents a series of drawbacks once it has been carried out in real execution situations, since the steel screws are normally manufactured by cold deformation, so it is customary for such screws to suffer breaks in the track during their service, usually due to Fatigue processes or the fragility of the materials themselves, which, after all, favor their mechanical fractures. Thus, when the Fracture of the screws takes place along its stem, understanding as a rod, both the part that contains the thread and the upper part of said thread arranged before the head, that is, the neck is at least partially housed in the inside of the sheath, which prevents its extraction.
    [0014]
    [0015] In these cases of breakage, the rod of the screwdriver is impossible to extract with respect to the sheath when it does not include a head, and this problem is not solved with the aforementioned patent ES-2283235, since in it the extraction tools are only always applicable and when the screwdriver can be removed at a first stage of the replacement procedure, as indicated in the first point of its own procedure: "Unscrew the screwdriver".
    [0016]
    [0017] On such occasions when the screwdriver suffers such breakage along its stem being partially housed inside the sheath, since the sheath in turn is embedded in the concrete crossbar, it is impossible to extract it effectively without deteriorate the installation In these cases, in order to perform the extraction of the rod from the screw itself, it is usual to follow the following procedure known in the state of the art, and which consists of the following steps:
    [0018]
    [0019] 1. Remove the fastening clips of the rail with respect to the crossbar, so that the lifting of the rail is allowed.
    [0020] 2. Normally eliminate the union of the screwdriver with the sheath by heating said elements with a blowtorch or similar.
    [0021] 3. Weld a metal plate or plate to the free end of the neck of the screw rod. 4. Allow the flat plate and neck of the rod of the screw to cool, until the joint acquires sufficient rigidity to be able to pull both elements.
    [0022] 5. Remove the rod from the screwdriver through the traction of the plate welded to said screw.
    [0023] 6. Introduce a new screwdriver as long as the sheath can be reused, if it should not be necessary to replace the sheath as well.
    [0024] 7. Attach the fastening clips of the rail rail with respect to the crossbar.
    [0025]
    [0026] It should be noted that in most cases:
    [0027]
    [0028] - Repair operations must be carried out in sections of difficult access.
    [0029] - They must be limited to be carried out during hours of reduced road traffic such as night.
    [0030] - That the repair tasks themselves present technical complications, which implies taking a series of measures, in order to reduce the high cost of execution times.
    [0031] - The sheath or insert itself is destroyed, and consequently, the replacement time is considerably lengthened, increased replacement costs, as well as labor to carry it out.
    [0032]
    [0033] That is why, in view of the drawbacks described in terms of the difficulty of replacing the respective screws when they are broken or substantially damaged, at least partially housed their rod inside the sheath or insert, the appearance of a new device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, which performs said replacement efficiently and quickly, as well as more economically reducing the time in maintenance and replacement operations.
    [0034]
    [0035] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0036]
    [0037] The present invention relates to a device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures such as sleepers, blocks or plate track fastening systems; and the procedure associated with it; wherein said railway elements normally comprise a sheath, or also replaceable by an insert, configured to at least partially contain a bolt that comprises an upper head and a rod that emerges inferiorly from said head, said rod comprising two differentiated parts; a top without thread called neck and a bottom with thread.
    [0038]
    [0039] Likewise, in these railway elements, the screwdriver is configured to fix a rail to a concrete railway structure and the sheath or insert, hereinafter along the memory referenced as a sheath, preferably has a conical configuration whose lower end has a lower section with respect to the section of the upper end of said sheath allowing and facilitating the extraction of the sheath itself embedded in the concrete, and wherein said upper end comprises at its outer surface at least one vertical groove necessary for its extraction with the object device of invention, as described below.
    [0040] In those cases where there is a breakage of the screwdriver, so that the head thereof is separated from the rod and, the rod of the screwdriver is arranged inside the sheath, or even at an upper end thereof or externally at said upper end, the extraction device presented here comprises at least one tool consisting of an axis which in turn comprises a bushing at a first end and handling means located at a second end, configured to rotate the shaft and produce the extraction at the first end of it.
    [0041]
    [0042] Said bushing of the first end is hollow, the diameter of said hollow being greater than the diameter of the neck of the screwdriver, such that said hollow of the bushing is adapted so as not to come into contact with said neck of the bushing.
    [0043]
    [0044] According to a preferred embodiment, said tool bushing comprises coupling means to the first end of the shaft.
    [0045]
    [0046] Thus, the possibility is contemplated that the extraction device is formed by a single tool with a bushing or another according to different preferred embodiments or that the bushing is interchangeable by said coupling means of the first end of the shaft or in other ways of embodiment, which is formed by two tools each with its respective bushing fixedly arranged at the first end of each axis.
    [0047]
    [0048] According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the sheath comprises at least one vertical groove on its outer surface and the rail elements further comprise an anti-rotation element that has a hole that allows the passage of the spindle rod into the less a coupling projection with the vertical groove of the sheath, disposed on the internal surface thereof, and at least two openings arranged on an upper face.
    [0049]
    [0050] Likewise, in this case, the lower extensions are separated by a distance greater than or equal to the diameter of the socket gap.
    [0051]
    [0052] In said preferred embodiment, the bushing disposed at the first end of the tool shaft has at least two lower extensions with respective ends, each configured to be introduced through one of the openings of the face top of the anti-rotation element and the manipulation means are configured to move the shaft and allow the removal of the anti-rotation element at the first end.
    [0053]
    [0054] According to another preferred embodiment, the upper end of the sheath comprises at least one vertical groove in its outer surface and the rail element has no anti-rotation element, either because it has already been removed with the bushing defined for the previous embodiment or because For any other reason, this anti-rotation element did not exist.
    [0055]
    [0056] In this case, the bushing disposed at the first end of the tool shaft has at least one shoulder made on the inner surface of said bushing and configured to engage with the at least one vertical groove of the upper end of the sleeve, where said bushing soak into the upper end of the sheath.
    [0057]
    [0058] Likewise, the manipulation means of the second end are configured to rotate the shaft and produce the extraction of the sheath with the screw on the first end.
    [0059]
    [0060] In a second section of the invention under study, a method of extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures associated with the device object of the invention is described, and so that it can be divided according to whether the railway elements comprise the anti-rotation element or not. Due to the fact that in case they have the anti-rotation element, it is necessary to use the respective tool to later use the tool of extraction of the sheath assembly with screwdriver as long as it is broken or damaged along its rod contained at least partially inside the sheath; The procedure associated with the anti-rotation element is described, which includes the following steps:
    [0061]
    [0062] a) Insert the ends of the extensions of the tool bushing, through the openings of the upper face of the anti-rotation element, positioning the ends of the extensions on the inner upper surface of the anti-rotation element, defined by the space between the rod of the broken bolt and the lateral surface of the anti-rotation element.
    [0063] b) rotate the tool shaft through the manipulation means; so that the ends of the extensions are displaced inside the anti-rotation element, making the blocking, preferably until the respective extensions contact a respective end wall of each opening of the anti-rotation element; Y
    [0064] c) pulling the tool through the manipulation means; removing the anti-rotation element with respect to the sheath housed in the concrete structure.
    [0065]
    [0066] Said procedure is associated with a first extraction of the anti-rotation element; and in the event that the binomial sheath with broken screw is then removed, the stages continue in such a way that they comprise:
    [0067]
    [0068] d) Arrange the respective tool bushing around the upper end of the sheath where said bushing soaks to the upper end of the sheath;
    [0069] e) Attach said, at least one shoulder of the tool bushing to said, at least one vertical groove comprised on the outer surface of the upper end of the sheath;
    [0070] f) rotate the tool shaft through the manipulation means; Y
    [0071] g) remove the sheath with the rod of the screwdriver broken or damaged inside, with respect to the concrete structure due to the rotation of the tool shaft.
    [0072]
    [0073] Clarify again that in the case that the railway elements do not require the anti-rotation element, stages a) to c) are not necessary and proceed directly to execute the stages d) to g) described above, said stages being applicable d) ag) in the case where the sheath comprises the rod of the broken or damaged screwdriver comprised at least partially inside, embedded in the concrete structure, with or without the base attached to its lower extremity.
    [0074]
    [0075] Thus, in accordance with the described invention, the device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, and the procedure associated with the same object of the invention, constitute an important novelty in extraction devices whose purpose is the rapid and effective replacement of the anti-rotation element, as well as of the sheath with screw-bottom used in the fastening of rail rails in the usual cases where the bolt has suffered a break, leaving its body or stem separated from the top head of the screw, such that it prevents or hinders the extraction of the parts that make up the assembly, and that must be replaced by new ones to maintain the optimal conditions of the installation of the track quickly, effectively and safely.
    [0076]
    [0077] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0078] To complement the description that is being made, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a series of drawings are attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0079]
    [0080] Figure 1.- Figure 1 shows a usual background of the rail elements considered for this type of fasteners with the parts that compose it and that are described in the report,
    [0081]
    [0082] Figures 2.1 and 2.2.- They show two examples of breaks of a screwdriver, at the height of the neck of the stem.
    [0083]
    [0084] Figure 3.- Shows a top perspective view of the sheath in its upper-middle part, without the anti-rotation element coupled thereto, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0085]
    [0086] Figures 4.1 and 4.2.- They show paths in top and bottom views respectively, of the anti-rotation element, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0087]
    [0088] Figures 5.1 and 5.2.- They show paths in top perspective and in section, respectively, of the sheath together with the anti-rotation element embedded in the concrete structure, with the screw partially in its interior, broken at the height of the stem neck, and with a base coupled to the bottom of the sheath, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0089] Figure 6.- Shows a sectional view of the sheath together with the anti-rotation element, embedded in the concrete structure, with the screw partially in its interior, broken at the height of the stem neck, for a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0090]
    [0091] Figure 7.- Shows a perspective view of a tool of the device for extracting the anti-rotation element in a phase prior to coupling thereto, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0092] Figure 8.- Shows a bottom perspective view of the tool bushing of the anti-rotation element extraction device, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0093]
    [0094] Figures 9 and 10.- They show two perspective views of the phases of insertion of the ends of the extensions of the tool bushing in the anti-rotation element, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0095]
    [0096] Figure 11.- Shows a perspective view of the phase of blocking the ends of the extensions of the tool bushing in the anti-rotation element, the latter represented transparently, for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0097]
    [0098] Figure 12.- Shows a perspective view of the tool of the extraction device in the phase of extraction of the anti-rotation element, observing the screw inside the sheath embedded in the concrete, with its broken end, for a first embodiment Preferred of the invention.
    [0099]
    [0100] Figure 13.1.- Shows a perspective view of the first end of the tool of the sheath extraction device for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0101]
    [0102] Figure 13.2.- Shows a perspective view of the tool of the extraction device and the rail elements, sheath and bolts broken inside, to be extracted for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0103] Figure 14.- Shows a sectional view of the coupling of the tool bushing of the sheath extraction device with the broken screwdriver inside, for a third preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0104]
    [0105] Figure 15.- It shows the extraction of the sheath with respect to the concrete structure such as a railway crossbar, by means of the tool of the extraction device, for a third preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0106]
    [0107] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0108] In view of the figures provided, it can be seen how, in a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the device for extracting railway elements, comprising a sheath (1) and a lag (7) partially contained therein, configured to fix a rail to a concrete railway structure (15), which is presented here, it is intended for those cases in which the screw (7) is broken such that the head (a) of said screw (7) is separated from of the rod (b), so that the rod (b) is arranged inside the sheath (1) or even at an upper end (1 ') thereof or externally to said upper end (1').
    [0109]
    [0110] Figure 1 shows a screw (7) of those used in said railway elements, detailing in it, the parts that compose it. Likewise, in Figures 2.1 and 2.2 two possible breaks of these screws (7), of the most frequent, can be observed. Said breaks, as shown in said figures, are generated by processes of fatigue or fragility of the materials and produce the breakage of the screw in the area between the head (a) and the rod (b), that is, in the part of the neck (c) of the rod (b), and at different heights in it. Thus, when this break occurs, the screw (7) is left with the thread (r) and at least part of the neck (c) of the rod (b) inside the sheath (1), so that the free end (22) or broken neck (c) is located inside the sheath (1), at its upper end or protruding from it.
    [0111]
    [0112] The device for extracting railway elements presented here comprises at least one tool (2, 3) constituted by an axis (8), which in turn has a bushing (9, 9 ') at a first end and means of handling (21) located at a second end, configured to rotate the shaft (8) and produce extraction at the first end thereof.
    [0113]
    [0114] The bushing (9, 9 ') of this tool (2, 3) is hollow and has a diameter of said hollow greater than the diameter of the neck (c) of the screwdriver (7), such that said hollow of the bushing (9, 9 ') is adapted not to come into contact with said neck (c) of the screwdriver (7).
    [0115]
    [0116] As shown in Figure 3, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper end (1 ′) of the sheath (1) comprises on its outer surface at least one vertical groove (4).
    [0117] This sheath (1) is configured to contain a screwdriver (7), configured to fix a rail to a concrete railway structure (15) such as a crossbeam, block or plate track fastening system; and where the sheath (1) shown has a conical configuration whose lower end has a lower section with respect to the upper end section (1 ') of said sheath (1).
    [0118]
    [0119] Likewise, in this first embodiment, the sheath (1) externally has a helical recess (18) configured to engage with a helical projection (19) of the concrete railway structure (15), and created said helical projection (19 ) during the setting of the concrete together with the sheath (1) embedded in said concrete.
    [0120]
    [0121] In this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the rail elements comprise an anti-rotation element (6) which, as can be seen in Figures 4.1 and 4.2, comprises a hole (13) that allows the rod (b) to pass through the screw (7), a plurality of projections (5 ') on the internal surface thereof, configured for coupling with the plurality of vertical grooves (4) of the upper end (1') of the sheath (1), and two openings ( 16) arranged on an upper face (14).
    [0122]
    [0123] Said anti-rotation element (6) has an external part of polygonal cross section configured to prevent a relative rotation movement between said anti-rotation element (6) and the concrete railway structure (15).
    [0124]
    [0125] Likewise, as shown in Figures 5.1 and 5.2, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the sheath (1) has a base (20) located at the lower end of said sheath (1), and embedded in the railway structure (15) of concrete. Said base (20) comprises internal coupling means for screwing-unscrewing with the lower end of the sheath (1), a plurality of radial portions (20 ') and reinforcing ribs (20' ') configured to distribute the stresses suffered by the sheath (1) during the setting of the concrete and / or during its service, as well as reducing friction between materials.
    [0126]
    [0127] In a second preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 6 by way of example, the rail element is formed by a screw (7) inside a sheath (1) which does have an anti-rotation element (6) at its upper end, but it does not have said base (20) at its lower end. In this second mode, the extraction device does not vary with respect to what is described herein for the first proposed embodiment in which the sheath (1) does have said base (20).
    [0128]
    [0129] Therefore, the embodiments described hereinafter, relating to the procedures for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures (15), are applicable regardless of whether the sheath (1) comprises or not, at its lower extremity said base (20).
    [0130]
    [0131] Thus, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention and with these conditions, as shown in Figures 7 to 12, the extraction device is formed by a tool (2) comprising a bushing (9) arranged in the first end of the shaft (8) thereof having at least two lower extensions (10) with respective ends (17), each configured to be introduced through one of the openings (16) of the upper face (14) ) of the anti-rotation element (6).
    [0132]
    [0133] Said lower extensions (10) are separated by a distance greater than or equal to the diameter of the bore of the bushing (9), so that they define a gap whose magnitude is greater than the diameter of the hole (13) of the anti-rotation element (6), such that the extensions (10) together with their ends (17) are adapted to be able to position themselves in the space between the rod of the broken screwdriver (7) and the lateral surface of the anti-rotation element (6).
    [0134]
    [0135] Similarly, the handling means (21) are configured to move the shaft (8) and allow the removal of the anti-rotation element (6) at the first end.
    [0136] In this first preferred embodiment of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 4.2, the anti-rotation element (6) comprises between the projections (5 ') positioned in correspondence with the openings (16) and the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6), at least one gap (11) for each opening (16), this being longer than said openings (16).
    [0137]
    [0138] This first preferred embodiment, the anti-rotation element (6) having two openings (16), also has two holes (11), where each one defines the path of the end (17) of one of the extensions (10). ) of the bushing (9) such that they can be moved without interference inside the anti-rotation element (6) until they are locked inside by the contact of the respective extensions (10) with a respective end wall of each opening (16) of the anti-rotation element (6), as shown in Figure 11.
    [0139]
    [0140] In this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the extensions (10) of the bushing (9) have a form tending to an "L", which emerge inferiorly from said bushing (9) of the tool (2). Likewise, said extensions (10) include ends (17) curved-concave bottoms with respect to the axis (8) configured to adapt to the openings (16) made in the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6) said openings (16) comprising a geometry in the form of curved grooves.
    [0141]
    [0142] As shown in Figures 8 to 11, the bushing (9) of the tool (2) comprises a lower surface (12) whose dimensions are larger than the diameter of the hole (13) of the anti-rotation element (6). Thus, when the extensions (10) of the bushing (9) are introduced into the openings (16) of the anti-rotation element (6), to generate the coupling between the two, a support of said bushing (9) is achieved on the face upper (14) of the anti-rotation element (6), during the extraction process.
    [0143]
    [0144] In this first preferred embodiment of the invention, it is considered as already defined, that the railway elements are formed by a screwdriver (7) and a sheath (1) which also has an anti-rotation element (6) at its upper end . In this case, with the first tool (2) defined that has a bushing (9) for the extraction of the anti-rotation element (6) as shown in Figures 7 to 12, a first stage is achieved which is the extraction of the anti-rotation element (6). However, the extraction of the rail elements does not end at this point, since it is necessary to then extract the sheath (1) and the bottom (7), which continues to be inserted inside the body of the sheath (1).
    [0145]
    [0146] Thus, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, it is necessary that the device for extracting railway elements has means for the extraction of the sheath (1) and the lag (7), where said sheath (1) has on the outer surface of its upper end (1 ') a series of vertical grooves (4), which are the same to which the projections (5') of the anti-rotation element (6) were attached.
    [0147]
    [0148] Thus, in this first proposed embodiment, the extraction device comprises a second tool (3) intended for the extraction of the sheath (1) and the screw (7), once the anti-rotation element (6) has been removed. This second tool (3) has a bushing arranged at the first end of the shaft (8) thereof, which, as shown in Figure 13.1, has at least one shoulder (5) on the inner surface of said bushing (9 ' ) and is configured to engage with the at least one vertical slit (4) of the upper end (1 ') of the sheath (1).
    [0149] In this first preferred preferred embodiment, the upper end (1 ') of the sheath (1) comprises on its outer surface a succession of equidistant vertical grooves (4) and the bushing (9') of the tool (3) comprises on its internal surface a succession of ridges (5) equidistant.
    [0150]
    [0151] Said bushing (9 ’) is embedded in the upper end (1’) of the sheath (1), shown in Figures 13.1 and 13.2 the previous moment.
    [0152]
    [0153] The tool (3) also has handling means (21) of the second end, configured to rotate the shaft (8) and produce the sheath (1) with the screw (7) at the first end.
    [0154]
    [0155] As previously indicated, the extraction of the rail elements is similar both in the case where the lower end of the sheath (1) is coupled to a lower base (20) and in the case in which this base (20) does not exists
    [0156]
    [0157] Thus, a third preferred embodiment of the invention can be considered, in which the railway elements are formed by the sheath (1) and the lag (7), without the existence of an anti-rotation element (6) and, where said sheath (1) is not coupled to any lower base (20). In this case, as can be seen in Figures 14 and 15, the extraction device comprises a tool (3) comprising the same bushing (9 '), with projections (5) on the inner surface, used to extract the assembly of sheath (1) and lag (7) of the first embodiment, since the sheath (1) also has vertical slits (4) at the upper end (1 '). Figure 14 shows how the bushing (9 ’) embeds the upper end (1’) of the sheath (1) and Figure 15 shows the extraction of both, sheath (1) and bolt (7).
    [0158]
    [0159] On the other hand, a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention can be considered in which the railway elements are formed by a sheath (1), a screw-in (7) and an anti-rotation element (6) and the extraction device comprises a tool (2) in which the bushing (9, 9 ') comprises coupling means to the first end of the shaft (8).
    [0160]
    [0161] In this way, the bushing (9, 9 ') is interchangeable according to the specific needs, that is, for the extraction of the anti-rotation element (6) a bushing (9) is fitted as defined for said objective in the first tool (2 ) of the first embodiment while, for the extraction of the sheath (1) with the screw (7), the previous bushing (9) and coupling a new bushing (9 ') as defined in the second tool (3) of the first embodiment.
    [0162]
    [0163] In this report there is also a method of extracting the railway element corresponding to the first preferred embodiment of the invention set forth herein, where the railway element comprises an anti-rotation element (6), a sheath (1) and a lag (7) ) broken inside it, where the sheath (1) may or may not comprise a base (20) at its lower end.
    [0164]
    [0165] The procedure begins with the removal of the anti-rotation element (6) and is structured in the steps described below.
    [0166]
    [0167] a) Insert the ends (17) of the extensions (10) of the bushing (9) of the tool (2), through the openings (16) of the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6), positioning the lower ends (17) of the extensions (10) on the inner surface of the anti-rotation element (6) defined by the space between the broken rod (b) (7) and the lateral surface of the anti-rotation element (6);
    [0168] b) rotate the shaft (8) of the tool (2) through the manipulation means (21); so that the ends (17) of the extensions (10) move their initial position to a new position by blocking the respective extensions (10) with a respective end wall of each opening (16) of the anti-rotation element (6) ; Y
    [0169] c) pulling the tool (2) through the manipulation means (21); removing the anti-rotation element (6) with respect to the sheath (1) housed in the concrete railway structure (15);
    [0170]
    [0171] Since, as has been explained, in the first preferred embodiment of the invention, the railway elements to be extracted comprise an anti-rotation element (6) which is extracted by means of the tool (2) of the proposed extraction device, and which, once Once it has been removed, the sheath (1) must be removed, as well as the existing screw (7) inside, with its rod (b) broken well inside the sheath (1), at the height of the end upper (1 ') of the same or even protruding from said end, after the removal of the anti-rotation element (6) the procedure comprises the use of a second tool (3) of the extraction device shown in the Figures 13.1 and 13.2, for the extraction of the assembly formed by the sheath (1) and rod (b) of the screwdriver (7), once the anti-rotation element (6) has been removed.
    [0172]
    [0173] Thus, with respect to the procedure of extraction of the binomial, sheath (1) with broken screw (7) partially housed inside (including or not the base (20)), by means of the tool (3) and Seen from figures 13.1 and 13.2, the stages continue in such a way that they include:
    [0174]
    [0175] d) arrange the bushing (9 ') of the tool (3) around the upper end (1') of the sheath (1) where said bushing (9 ') soaks to the upper end (1') of the sheath (1) ; e) coupling the plurality of projections (5) of the bushing (9 ’) of the tool (3) to the plurality of vertical grooves (4) comprised on the outer surface of the upper end (1’) of the sheath (1);
    [0176] f) rotate the shaft (8) of the tool (3) through the manipulation means (21); and g) extract the sheath (1) with the rod (b) of the broken screwdriver (7) contained inside it with respect to the concrete railway structure (15) due to the rotation of the axis (8) of the tool (3) .
    [0177]
    [0178] On the other hand, a method of extracting railway elements for the third preferred embodiment of the invention previously proposed in this section and represented in Figures 13 and 14, in which the railway elements are formed by a sheath (1) and a broken bolt (7) inside, without the presence of anti-rotation element (6), and without a base (20) at the lower end of the sheath (1), comprises only the phases exposed in points d) ag) above, that is, the part of the process of the first embodiment in which the sheath assembly (1) and bottom screw (7) are removed.
    [0179]
    [0180] Likewise, the procedure to be followed in the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention proposed in this section, in which the railway elements are formed by a sheath (1), a bolt (7) and an anti-rotation element (6) and The extraction device comprises a tool (2) in which the bushing (9, 9 ') comprises coupling means to the first end of the shaft (8), presents the phases determined in points a) to c) for the extraction of the element antirotation (7) and prior to the completion of the phases determined in points d) to g), presents a stage consisting in the decoupling of a bushing (9) and the coupling of a new bushing (9 ') at the first end of the axis (8) of the tool (2).
    [0181] In view of this description and set of figures, the person skilled in the art will be able to understand that the embodiments of the invention that have been described can be combined in multiple ways within the scope of the invention. The invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments without exceeding the object of the claimed invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    1- Device for extracting railway elements, comprising a sheath (1) and a lag (7) partially contained inside, configured to fix a rail to a concrete railway structure (15), where the lag (7) is broken such that the head (a) of said screwdriver (7) is separated from the rod (b) of the screwdriver (7) and the free end (22) of the neck (c) of said rod (b) is disposed inside of the sheath (1), or even at an upper end (1 ') thereof or externally to said upper end (1'), characterized in that it comprises at least one tool (2, 3) constituted by an axis (8 ) which in turn includes:
    - a bushing (9, 9 ') at a first end, where said bushing (9, 9') is hollow, the diameter of said hollow being greater than the diameter of the neck (c) of the bolt (7), such that said The hollow of the bushing (9, 9 ') is adapted so as not to come into contact with said neck (c) of the screwdriver (7), and;
    - handling means (21) located at a second end, configured to rotate the shaft (8) and produce extraction at the first end thereof.
    2- Device for extracting railway elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the bushing (9, 9 ’) of the tool (2, 3) comprises coupling means to the first end of the shaft (8).
    3- Device for extracting railway elements, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein:
    - the upper end (1 ’) of the sheath (1) comprises at its outer surface at least one vertical slit (4), and;
    - the railway elements also comprise an anti-rotation element (6) which in turn comprises:
    - a hole (13) allowing the passage of the rod (b) of the screwdriver (7);
    - at least one projection (5 ’) coupling with the vertical slit (4) of the sheath (1), arranged on the inner surface thereof, and;
    - at least two openings (16) arranged on an upper face (14);
    characterized by:
    - the bushing (9) disposed on the first end of the shaft (8) of the tool (2) has at least two lower extensions (10) with respective ends (17), each configured to be introduced through one of the openings (16) of the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6); where these extensions (10) lower are separated by a distance greater than or equal to the diameter of the hole of the bushing (9), and;
    - the handling means (21) are configured to move the shaft (8) and allow the removal of the anti-rotation element (6) at the first end.
    4- Device for extracting railway elements according to claim 3, characterized in that the anti-rotation element (6) comprises between the projections (5 ') positioned in correspondence with the openings (16) and the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element ( 6), at least one hole (11) corresponding to each opening (16), this being of greater length than said openings (16), and defining the path of the ends (17) of the extensions (10) such that can be moved without interference inside the anti-rotation element (6) until they are locked inside by contacting the respective extensions (10) with a respective end wall of each opening (16) of the anti-rotation element (6).
    5- Device for extracting railway elements according to any of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the bushing (9) of the tool (2) comprises a lower surface (12) whose dimensions are larger than the diameter of the hole (13) of the anti-rotation element (6) in order to exert the support of the bushing (9) on the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6), during its extraction process.
    6- Device for extracting railway elements according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the extensions (10) of the bushing (9) have a form tending to an "L", which emerge inferiorly from said bushing (9) of the tool (2).
    7- Device for extracting railway elements according to claim 6, characterized in that the extensions (10) comprise curved-concave lower ends (17) with respect to the axis (8) configured to adapt to the openings (16) made in the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6) said openings (16) comprising a geometry in the form of curved grooves.
    8- Device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, according to any of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the anti-rotation element (6) has an external part of polygonal cross-section configured to prevent a relative rotation movement between said anti-rotation element (6) and the concrete railway structure (15).
    9- Device for extracting railway elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein:
    - the sheath (1) on the outer surface of its upper end (1 ’) comprises at least one vertical slit (4),
    characterized by:
    - the bushing (9 ') disposed at the first end of the shaft (8) of the tool (3) has at least one shoulder (5) practiced on the inner surface of said bushing (9') and configured to engage with the less a vertical slit (4) of the upper end (1 ') of the sheath (1); where said bushing (9 ’) is embedded in the upper end (1’) of the sheath (1); Y
    - the manipulation means (21) of the second end are configured to rotate the shaft (8) and cause the sheath (1) to be extracted with the screw (7) at the first end.
    10- Device for extracting railway elements according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper end (1 ') of the sheath (1) comprises on its outer surface a succession of equidistant vertical grooves (4) and the bushing (9') of the tool (3) comprises on its internal surface a succession of ridges (5) equidistant.
    11- Device for extracting railway elements according to any of claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the sheath (1) externally has a helical recess (18) configured to engage with a helical projection (19) of the railway structure (15) of concrete, and created said helical projection (19) during the setting of the concrete together with the sheath (1) embedded in said concrete.
    12- Device for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (1) has a base (20) located at the lower end of said sheath (1), and embedded in the railway structure (15) of concrete; wherein said base (20) comprises internal coupling means for screwing-unscrewing with the lower end of the sheath (1), a plurality of radial portions (20 ') and reinforcing ribs (20'') configured to distribute the stresses suffered through the sheath (1) during the setting of concrete and / or during its service, as well as reducing friction between materials.
    13. Procedure for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, according to the device defined in any of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    a) insert the ends (17) of the extensions (10) of the bushing (9) of the tool (2), through the openings (16) of the upper face (14) of the anti-rotation element (6) positioning the ends (17) of the extensions (10) on the inner surface of the anti-rotation element (6) defined by the space between the broken rod (b) (7) and the lateral surface of the anti-rotation element (6);
    b) rotate the shaft (8) of the tool (2) through the manipulation means (21); so that the ends (17) of the extensions (10) move their initial position to a new position by blocking the respective extensions (10) with a respective end wall of each opening (16) of the anti-rotation element (6) ; Y
    c) pulling the tool (2) through the manipulation means (21);
    removing the anti-rotation element (6) with respect to the sheath (1) housed in the concrete railway structure (15).
    14. Method of extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, according to claim 13, characterized in that after the extraction of the anti-rotation element (6) comprises a decoupling of a bushing (9) and coupling of a new bushing (9 ') at the first end of the shaft (8) of the tool.
    15- Procedure for extracting railway elements inserted in concrete structures, according to the device defined in any of claims 9 to 12 or according to the procedure defined in any of claims 13 and 14, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    a) arrange the bushing (9 ') of the tool (2, 3) around the upper end (1') of the sleeve (1) where said bushing (9 ') soaks to the upper end (1') of the sleeve ( one);
    b) engage the at least one shoulder (5) of the bushing (9 ') of the tool (2, 3) in the at least one vertical groove (4) comprised on the outer surface of the upper end (1') of the sheath (one);
    c) rotate the shaft (8) of the tool (2, 3) through the manipulation means (21);
    Y
    d) extract the sheath (1) with the rod (b) of the broken screwdriver (7) contained inside it with respect to the concrete railway structure (15) due to the rotation of the axis (8) of the tool (3) .
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    ES2283235B1|2009-03-01|SHEATH FOR RAIL RAIL FASTENINGS, PROCEDURE FOR REPLACING SUCH SHEATH ON A CROSS AND TOOLS TO EXECUTE SUCH PROCEDURE.
    ES2735151A1|2019-12-16|DEVICE FOR EXTRACTION OF RAILWAY ELEMENTS AND PROCEDURE ASSOCIATED WITH THE SAME |
    ES2215832T3|2004-10-16|BEAR SCREW.
    ES2443945T3|2014-02-21|Support for a system to fix a rail and system to fix a rail
    ES2324339T3|2009-08-05|SETTING SYSTEM OF AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION TERMINAL.
    ES2231036B1|2006-07-01|STRUT.
    BRPI1004573B1|2019-05-07|FREE REPLACEMENT OF BOTTLE ORIENTATION CURVE TOOLS
    ES2522440A2|2014-11-14|Steel pipe socket and method for connecting steel pipe pile with steel pipe column using same
    KR20170079867A|2017-07-10|Fence
    KR20200017103A|2020-02-18|Traffic Lane Delineator
    BR112013019664A2|2020-11-10|rail rail clamp
    ES2389465T3|2012-10-26|Procedure for the provisional fixation of a formwork piece to a construction element by means of a nail-shaped fixing element
    ES2412231T3|2013-07-10|Device for mounting and dismounting a fixing means, particularly a means for fixing rails on a support body
    ES2234275T3|2005-06-16|HOLDING DEVICE FOR THE SETTING OF A STEERING COLUMN UNIT FOR MOTOR VEHICLES.
    ES2572684T3|2016-06-01|Plastic block for fixing a rail
    ES2259505B1|2007-09-16|TAPACUBE FOR VEHICLE WHEELS.
    WO2015085444A1|2015-06-18|3-in-1 attachment system for liner plates of mills used to grind minerals
    KR101339457B1|2013-12-06|A detachable traffic lane guidance post
    ES2441732T3|2014-02-06|Recessed box with optimized anchor
    JP5271441B1|2013-08-21|Cutting sign holder
    JP2013185330A|2013-09-19|Road sign pole
    JP2014092022A|2014-05-19|Installation structure of road indication body
    CN206233373U|2017-06-09|One kind exempts from the pre-buried combination anchor device of mantle fiber wall lacing wire
    KR100919283B1|2009-09-30|Manhole fastening apparatus
    ES2271400T3|2007-04-16|PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR FIXING A CALIBER ON A CIRCLE OF FITTING.
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2735151B2|2021-05-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19712174A1|1997-03-22|1998-09-24|Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh|Extractor tool for expansion anchor|
    ES2283235A1|2007-04-04|2007-10-16|Mondragon Soluciones, S.L.U.|Sheath for fastening railway rails, method for replacing said sheath in a sleeper and tools for performing said method|
    RU2482236C1|2011-10-25|2013-05-20|Владимир Павлович Акимов|Dowel and method of sleeper repair|
    US20150273670A1|2014-03-26|2015-10-01|Chin-Shun Cheng|Mounting structure for a hand tool|CN111222515A|2020-01-06|2020-06-02|北方民族大学|Image translation method based on context-aware attention|
    法律状态:
    2019-12-16| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2735151 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20191216 |
    2021-05-11| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2735151 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20210511 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830571A|ES2735151B2|2018-06-12|2018-06-12|RAILWAY ELEMENTS EXTRACTION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE ASSOCIATED WITH IT|ES201830571A| ES2735151B2|2018-06-12|2018-06-12|RAILWAY ELEMENTS EXTRACTION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE ASSOCIATED WITH IT|
    [返回顶部]