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    • 专利摘要:
    Compounds of pharmaceutical interest. The present invention is directed to compounds of pharmaceutical interest. More particularly, it is directed to the compounds of formula (I) and (II), to the procedures for obtaining them, to the intermediates of their synthesis and to the uses thereof. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2731558A1
    申请号:ES201830466
    申请日:2018-05-15
    公开日:2019-11-15
    发明作者:Berdullas Patricia Gonzalez；Saavedra Miguel Angel Maestro；Mosquera Antonio Mourino
    申请人:Universidade de Santiago de Compostela；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Compounds of pharmaceutical interest.
    [0002] Technical sector
    [0003] The present invention is directed to compounds of pharmaceutical interest. More particularly, it is directed to the compounds of formula (I) and (II), to the procedures for obtaining them, to the intermediates of their synthesis and to the uses thereof.
    [0004] Background
    [0005] 1,25a-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25D) is the most active metabolite of vitamin D. It exerts its biological actions by specifically binding to its nuclear receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The endocrine system of vitamin D plays a fundamental role in the regulation of phospho-calcium metabolism, stimulating the intestinal absorption of these essential minerals and their mobilization in bone tissue. Thus, vitamin D deficiency or resistance to its actions, produces clinical manifestations at the bone level, such as rickets in children or osteomalacia in adults.
    [0006] Although the actions on phospho-calcium metabolism are the best known, epidemiological, biochemical, cellular, or molecular genetic studies have demonstrated their involvement in other physiological processes, by inhibiting proliferation and inducing cell differentiation, and pathological, such as psoriasis, diabetes, osteoporosis, autoimmune, degenerative, endocrinological, cardiovascular, infectious, or tumor diseases. However, the use of vitamin D at the clinical level presents an important limitation and that its administration at pharmacological doses induces hypercalcemia (LA Plum, HF DeLuca, Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2010, 9, 941; D. Feldman, FW Glorieux, JW Pike, Vitamin D, Academic, New York, 1997).
    [0007] Therefore, the development of non-hypercalcemic vitamin D analogues is of special relevance for use in the treatment of pathologies in which vitamin D has already proven useful in pre-clinical studies. For example, vitamin D analogues, such as calcipotriol (Binderup, L .; Binderup, E .; Godfredsen, WO Development of new vitamin D analogs. In Vitamin D; Feldman, D., Glorieux, FH, Pike, JW, Eds .; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1997; Vol. 61, pp 1027-1041) or oxacalcitriol, (Kubodera, N .; Sato, K .; Nishii, Y. Characteristics of 22-oxacalcitriol (OCT) and 2P- (3-hydroxypropoxy) -calcitriol (ED-71) In Vitamin D; Feldman, D., Glorieux, FH, Pike, JW, Eds .; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1997; Vol. 61, pp. 1071-1086) are being commercializing for the treatment of psoriasis, being its topical administration due to the risks of producing hypercalcemia.
    [0008] Thus, the development of new vitamin D analogues with the same properties of the natural hormone, but with little or no ability to induce hypercalcemia, is an objective to be achieved for use in clinical practice.
    [0009]
    [0010] Brief Description of the Invention
    [0011] The authors of the present invention have obtained compounds of formula (I) and (II), which according to the results obtained in the analysis of the interaction of the compounds of formula (I) and (II) with the vitamin D receptor, show that they have an affinity similar to that of the natural hormone.
    [0012] The compounds of formula (I) and (II) have been specially designed to achieve such interaction with the vitamin D receptor. Thus, the compounds of formula (I) and (II) have in their structure two cycles of five members fused through a cis fusion , a side chain on the unsaturated carbon closest to the fusion and in the A ring can present different functionalizations. The compounds of formula II also have a different electronic distribution between ring A and the 5-member cycles. Thus, in one aspect the invention is directed to the compounds of formula (I) and (II), their diastereoisomers or one of their enantiomers, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts,
    [0013]
    [0014]
    [0015] where each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4, are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkynyl, heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, heteroalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylalkyl, arylacyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylcarboxy, arylcarboxy, and heterocycle.
    [0016] X 1 and X 2 can be hydrogens, or together form a methylene group (= CH 2 ), and each of P 1 and P 2 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylcarboxy, arylcarboxy and -SiRaRbRc, where each one of Ra, Rb and Rc are selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl and heterocycle.
    [0017]
    [0018] Another aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or of a compound of formula (II), together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers.
    [0019]
    [0020] Another aspect of the invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a compound of formula (II), for use as a medicament.
    [0021]
    [0022] Detailed description of the invention
    [0023] Definitions
    [0024] "Alkyl" refers to a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon chain consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms, without unsaturations, from 1 to 12 , preferably eight, more preferably from one to four carbon atoms, and which binds to the rest of the molecule by a single bond, which may optionally be isotopically labeled so that one or more hydrogens are replaced by deuterium ( 2 H) or tritium ( 3 H) and / or one or more carbons are replaced by carbon-11 ( 11 C), carbon-13 ( 13 C) or carbon-14 ( 14 C), optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a thioalkoxy group, a heteroalkyl group, a heterocyclic group or CF 3 , for example, methyl, ethyl, "-propyl, / -propyl," -butyl, t-butyl, npentyl, cyclopropyl, etc.
    [0025] In a particular embodiment, the alkyl group, linear or branched, is substituted by a -OP4 group, where P 4 is a hydroxyl protecting group as collected in Wuts, PG
    [0026] M., Greene, T. W .; "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", 4th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007, New Jersey, pages 24-222.
    [0027] "Alkenyl" refers to a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon chain consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one unsaturation, conjugated or not, from 2 to 12, preferably from two to eight, more preferably from two at four carbon atoms, and that is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond and which may optionally be isotopically labeled so that one or more hydrogens are replaced by 2H or 3H and / or one or more carbons are replaced by 11C , 13C or 14C. Alkenyl radicals may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents such as a halogen atom, in a halogen atom, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a thioalkoxy group, a heteroalkyl group, a heterocyclic group or CF 3 , for example, vinyl, allyl, butenyl (for example, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl), or pentenyl (for example, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4 -pentenyl).
    [0028] "Alkynyl" refers to a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon chain consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, conjugated or not, from two to twelve, preferably from two to eight, more preferably from two to four carbon atoms, and that is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond, such as -CCH, -CH 2 CCH, -CCCH 3 , -CH 2 CCCH 3 , and which may optionally be labeled isotopically so that one or more hydrogens are replaced by 2H or 3H and / or one or more carbons are replaced by 11C, 13C or 14C. Alkynyl radicals may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents such as a halogen atom, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a thioalkoxy group, a heterocycle or CF 3 group .
    [0029] "Hydroxyalkyl" refers to a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon chain consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms, without unsaturations, from 1 to 12, preferably from one to eight carbon atoms, which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond, and that is substituted by a hydroxyl group. It may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, or CF 3 . Examples of hydroxyalkyl, but without it being a closed list and limiting the definition, are by example, 6-methyl-6-hydroxyheptyl, 5-methyl-5-hydroxyhexyl, 5-ethyl-5-hydroxyheptyl and 6-ethyl-6-hydroxyoctyl.
    [0030] "Aryl" refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as phenyl or naphthyl, and which may optionally be isotopically labeled so that one or more hydrogens are replaced by 2H or 3H and / or one or more carbons They are replaced by 11C, 13C or 14C. The aryl radicals may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a thioalkoxy group, an alkyl group or CF 3 .
    [0031] "Arylalkyl" refers to one or more aryl groups attached to the rest of the molecule by an alkyl radical, for example, benzyl, 3- (phenyl) -propyl, etc.
    [0032] "Heterocycle" refers to a stable 3 to 15 member ring consisting of carbon atoms and 1 to 5 heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, preferably a 4 to 8 member ring consisting of one or more heteroatoms, and more preferably a 5 to 6 member ring with one or more heteroatoms. For the purposes of this invention, the heterocyclic groups may be monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic systems, which may include fused rings; and the nitrogen or sulfur atom in the heterocyclic ring may be optionally oxidized; the nitrogen atom may be optionally quartearized; and the heterocyclic radical may be partially or fully saturated. Heterocyclic radicals may be aromatic (for example, they may have one or more aromatic rings) in which case they are considered as "heteroaryls" for the purposes of the present invention. The heterocyclic ring may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a thioalkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group or CF 3 . Examples of such heterocycles include, for example, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, triazole, isothiazole, benzothiophene, benzofuran, indole, benzoimidazole, tetrahydrofuran.
    [0033] "Alkoxy" refers to a radical of the formula -O-alkyl, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.
    [0034] "Aryloxy" refers to a radical of the formula -O-aryl, for example phenoxy, benzyloxy, etc. "Alkylcarboxy" refers to an alkyl group that binds to the rest of the molecule through a carboxy group (-OC (O) -).
    [0035] "Arylcarboxy" refers to an aryl group that binds to the rest of the molecule through a carboxy group (-OC (O) -) ..
    [0036] "Rent it" refers to an alkyl group that binds to the rest of the molecule through a carbonyl group (-CO-).
    [0037] "Arylacil" refers to an aryl group that binds to the rest of the molecule through a carbonyl group (-CO-).
    [0038] "Heteroalkyl" refers to an alkyl group in which one or more carbons are substituted by heteroatoms, preferably from 1 to 5, where the heteroatom can be selected from oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic.
    [0039] "Heteroalkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group in which one or more carbons are substituted by heteroatoms, preferably from 1 to 5, where the heteroatom can be selected from oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic.
    [0040] "Heteroalkynyl" refers to an alkynyl group in which one or more carbons are substituted by heteroatoms, preferably from 1 to 5, where the heteroatom can be selected from oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic.
    [0041] The compounds of the present invention may include diastereoisomers and / or enantiomers, depending on the presence of chiral centers, or isomers depending on the presence of multiple bonds (eg Z, E). Such isomers, diastereomers, enantiomers and mixtures thereof are within the scope of the present invention.
    [0042]
    [0043] Compounds of formula (I) and (II)
    [0044]
    [0045] The compounds of formula (I) and (II) of the present invention have affinity for the vitamin D receptor, and specifically bind to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) as demonstrated by molecular coupling studies from example 1.
    [0046]
    [0047] Preferred for the present invention, the compounds of formula (I) or formula (II) in which each of R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl and hydroxyalkyl and R3 is selected from alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkylcarboxy . Thus, in a particular embodiment, in a compound of formula (I) or formula (II), each of R1 and R2 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl and hydroxyalkyl and R3 is selected from alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkylcarboxy. More preferably, R1 and R2 are hydrogens and R3 is hydroxyalkyl.
    [0048] In another particular embodiment, R 4 in a compound of formula (I) and (II) is hydrogen.
    [0049] Preferred compounds for the invention are the compounds of formula (Ia) and (Ila), since the length of the side chain is optimized to maximize affinity for the vitamin D receptor.
    [0050] Thus, in a particular embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ia), its diastereoisomers or its enantiomers
    [0051]
    [0052]
    [0053]
    [0054]
    [0055] where R5 is hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and
    [0056] X1, X2, P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above.
    [0057] In another particular embodiment, X1 and X2 together are methylene in a compound of formula (I) or (Ia).
    [0058]
    [0059] In a particular embodiment, the compound of formula (II) is a compound of formula (IIa), its diastereoisomers or its enantiomers.
    [0060]
    [0061] where R5 is hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and
    [0062] P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above.
    [0063]
    [0064] Isotopic derivatives
    [0065] Isotopic derivatives of the compounds of the invention are useful for use as internal standards in different techniques of mass spectrometry or high efficiency liquid chromatography coupled to nuclear magnetic resonance. The compounds of the invention incorporating 11C, 13C, 14C or 3H are also useful as radiopharmaceuticals, in particular 11C labeling is useful in positron emission tomography (PET) techniques.
    [0066] In the present invention, a compound that "incorporates isotopic labeling" refers to a compound of the invention wherein between 1 and 9 hydrogen atoms are substituted by hydrogen, deuterium or tritium isotopes, and / or between 1 and 9 Carbon atoms are substituted by isotopes 11C, 13C, 14C. Preferably between 3 and 9 hydrogen atoms and between 1 and 3 carbon atoms are substituted by isotopes. Preferably 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 hydrogen atoms are substituted by deuterium or tritium.
    [0067] Thus, in a particular embodiment the compounds of formula (I) or (II), as defined above, incorporate isotopic labeling.
    [0068] In a particular embodiment, a compound of formula (I) or (II) incorporates isotopic labeling at the ends of R1, R2 or, R3, in the elements attached to the terminal hydroxyl group. The isotopic labeling is selected from the group consisting of 2Hn-alkyl (C 1 -C 2 ), 3Hn-alkyl (C 1 -C 2 ), 2Hn-phenyl, and alkyl (C 1 -C 4 ) or phenyl where one or more carbons are 11C, 13C or 14C, where n has a value between 1 and 6.
    [0069] In a particular embodiment the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of:
    [0070]
    [0071] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4 - ((R) -6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    [0072] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4 - ((R) -6-ethyl-6-hydroxyoctan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    [0073] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4 - ((R) -6-hydroxy-6- (methyl-d3) heptan-2-yl-7.7, 7-d3) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6a-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol, (1R, 3S, Z) -5- ( 2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -3a-methyl-4 - ((R) -7,7,7-trifluoro-6-hydroxy-6- (trifluoromethyl) heptan-2-yl) -3,3a, 6,6a-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -yliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexane-1,3-diol,
    [0074] (1R, 3S) -5 - ((E) -2 - ((3aS, 6aR) -4 - ((S) -6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen-1-yl) vinyl) -4-methylcyclohex-4-en-1,3-diol,
    [0075] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4- (5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -ilidene) ethylidene) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    [0076] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4- (5-ethyl-5-hydroxyheptyl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan- 1,3-diol,
    [0077] (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4- (5-hydroxy-5- (methyl-d3) hexyl-6,6,6-d3) -3a-methyl -3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan- 1,3-diol,
    [0078]
    [0079] In another aspect the invention is directed to the use of compounds of formula (I) or (II) as defined above, characterized in that they incorporate isotopic labeling, as internal standards in spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. Also the invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) or (II) as defined above, characterized in that they incorporate isotopic labeling, for use as internal standards in spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques.
    [0080] In another aspect, the invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) or (II), as defined above, characterized in that they incorporate isotopic label selected from 11C, 13C, 14C or 3H for use as radiopharmaceuticals. Alternatively it refers to the use of the compounds of formula (I) or of formula (II), as defined above, characterized in that they incorporate isotopic label selected from 11C, 13C, 14C or 3H as radiopharmaceuticals. Preferably, the compounds of formula (I) or (II), as defined above, characterized in that they incorporate 11C are useful as radiopharmaceuticals in positron emission tomography (PET) techniques.
    [0081]
    [0082] Synthesis of the compounds of formula (I) and (II)
    [0083] In another aspect, the invention is directed to a process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I) when X 1 and X2 are jointly methylene, which comprises a coupling of the compounds (III) and (IV) in the presence of a base strong
    [0084]
    [0085]
    [0086]
    [0087] where R1, R2, R3, R4, P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above, and W is selected from trialkylphosonium, triarylphosphonium, diarylphosphonate and dialkoxyphosphonate.
    [0088] In another aspect, the invention is directed to an alternative process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I) when X1 and X2 are jointly methylene, which comprises a coupling of the compounds (V) and (VI) in the presence of a catalyst metal
    [0089]
    [0090]
    [0091]
    [0092] where R1, R2, R3, R4, P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above, and is selected from a halogen or a charge attractor group selected from alkylsulfonate, arylsulfonate, triflate and phosphate, and
    [0093] Za is selected from indium halide, dialkylindium, diarylindium, alkylarylindium, zinc halide, dialkylboro and dialkoxyboro.
    [0094]
    [0095] The invention is also directed to a process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) when X1 and X2 are hydrogen, which comprises a coupling of compounds (III) and (VII) in the presence of a strong base,
    [0096]
    [0097]
    [0098]
    [0099] where R1, R2, R3, R4, P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above, and W is selected from trialkylphosonium, triarylphosphonium, diarylphosphonate and dialkoxyphosphonate.
    [0100]
    [0101] In another aspect, the invention is directed to a process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (II), which comprises a coupling of the compounds (VIII) and (IX) in the presence of a metal catalyst,
    [0102]
    [0103]
    [0104]
    [0105] where R1, R2, R3, R4, P1 and P2 have the same values as defined above. Tf is the chemical abbreviation for triflate, Pin is the chemical abbreviation for pinacolate (-OC (Me) 2 C (Me) 2 O-) where the two oxygens bind with boron.
    [0106] According to a preferred embodiment, the catalyst used is selected from the typical group of catalysts for a coupling reaction, for example and without limitation, Pd (OAc) 2 , PdCh, Pd (PPh3) 4, Pd (dba) 2 , Ni (PPh3) 4, Pd2 (dba) 3, (Ph3P) 2PdCh.
    [0107]
    [0108] The compounds of formula (V) can be prepared from the compounds (III) by transforming the ketone group into a methylenehalogen group. Thus, in a particular embodiment the invention relates to a process for obtaining a compound of formula (V) from a compound of formula (III) by a Wittig reaction with bromomethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide in the presence of a strong base, followed by reaction of the exchange of vinyl halogen by metal, by indium halide (by reaction with an indium trihalide), dialkylindium (by reaction with a dialkylindium halide), diarylindium (by reaction with a diarylindium halide), alkylarylindium (by reaction with a alkylarylindium halide), zinc halide (by reaction with a zinc dihalide), dialkylboro (by reaction with a dialkylboro halide) and dialkoxyboro (by reaction with a dialkoxyboro halide).
    [0109] One skilled in the art knows the conditions for performing said transformation, such as, for example, iodide substitution can be carried out by metalation with an organolytic, subsequently trapped with boron isopropoxide and exchange of boron substituents ( Org. Lett. 2003 (5) 523-525), can also be carried out by a Suzuki reaction by coupling, for example with bis (pinacol) diborane in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as, for example, Pd (OAc) 2 , Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd (dppf) Cl 2 , in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate, barium hydroxide, potassium phosphate, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, thallium hydroxide, cesium fluoride, potassium fluoride , sodium hydroxide. ( J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002 (27) 8001-8006). The compounds of formula (VIII) can be prepared from the compounds (III) by transforming the ketone group into an enolsulfonate group. Thus, in a particular embodiment the invention relates to a process for obtaining a compound of formula (VIII) from a compound of formula (III) by means of a preparation of the kinetic enolate with a bulky base, such as diisopropylamide of lithium, lithium hexamethyldisilazanide, sodium hexamethyldisilazanide, sodium t-butoxide or potassium t-butoxide ( Chem. Rev. 1999 (99) 991-1045), followed by entrapment of the enolate with a trifluoromethylsulfonyl group transfer agent, as per example trifluoromomethanesulfonimide, # -phenyl-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonide, # - (5-chloro-2-pyridyl) bis (trifluoromethanesulfonomide (Commins reagent).
    [0110]
    [0111] In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (III) as described above, from a compound of formula (X), which comprises deprotection of the ether and subsequent oxidation of the resulting secondary alcohol to ketone,
    [0112]
    [0113]
    [0114]
    [0115] where P3 is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylcarboxy, arylcarboxy and -SiRaRbRc, where each of Ra, Rb and Rc are selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl and heterocycle, R1 and R2 have the same values as defined above.
    [0116] In a particular embodiment, when P3 is a -SiRaRbRc group, as described above, the deprotection can be carried out using solutions of hydrofluoric acid, tetra-"-butylammonium fluoride, acidic ion exchange resins.
    [0117] The oxidation reaction of the secondary alcohol resulting from deprotection is oxidized to ketone using conditions known to a person skilled in the art, such as using PDC, PCC or Martin's perioiodine.
    [0118] One skilled in the art knows the conditions for transforming the ester group into an R3 group, for example, for the reduction of esters to primary alcohols, metal hydrides (lithium aluminum hydride, dialkylaluminum hydrides, trialkoxyaluminium hydride, borohydride) have been used. lithium) The reduction of an ester group can also provide aldehydes according to conditions known to one skilled in the art. When the compound obtained is an alcohol, it can be halogenated and subsequently replaced by nucleophiles giving rise to simple bonds. When the compound obtained is an aldehyde, it can form double C = C bonds through the Wittig, Wittig-Horner and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions; and can form triple bonds by reacting Corye-Fuchs. A person skilled in the art knows the conditions for these transformations. In addition, one skilled in the art knows the conditions for performing the following transformations: metal hydrides (lithium aluminum hydride, dialkyl aluminum hydride, trialkoxyaluminium hydride, lithium borohydride) have been used for the reduction of esters to primary alcohols; The halogenating agent is an iodizing, chlorinating or brominating agent. In a particular embodiment, the halogenation is carried out using a reagent selected from iodine, A-iodosuccinimide, A-iodosacarine, 1,3-diiodo-5,5, -dimethylhydantoin, bis (pyridinine) iodonium tetrafluoroborate), bromine , A-bromosuccinimide, chlorine, A-chlorosuccinimide. The side chain elongation has been carried out by conjugate addition to a, P-unsaturated esters of organocuprates, organomagnesians, organoniquel compounds, prepared by metalation of the corresponding halogens.
    [0119]
    [0120] In a more particular embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (XI) from a compound of formula (X), which comprises elongation of the side chain.
    [0121]
    [0122]
    [0123]
    [0124] The side chain elongation can be carried out by conjugate addition to a, P-unsaturated esters of organocuprates, organomagnesians, organoniquel compounds, prepared by metalation of the corresponding halogens.
    [0125]
    [0126] In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (X) as described above, which comprises the reaction of a compound of formula (XII) by preparing the kinetic enolate with a base bulky, such as lithium diisopropylamide, lithium hexamethyldisilazanide, sodium hexamethyldisilazanide, sodium t-butoxide or potassium tbutoxide ( Chem. Rev. 1999 (99) 991-1045), followed by entrapment of the enolate with a trifluoromethylsulfonyl group transfer agent, such as, for example, trifluoromomethanesulfonimide, # -phenyl-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonide), # - (5-chloro -2-pyridyl) bis (trifluoromethanesulfonomide (Commins reagent), followed by chain elongation by metal-catalyzed coupling of (E) -alkenyl boronates followed by regioselective reduction of the a, P, 5, and unsaturated ester .
    [0127] In a particular embodiment, the alkenyl boronate is substituted by an alkylcarboxy group.
    [0128]
    [0129]
    [0130]
    [0131] In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (XIII) as described above, which comprises the reaction of a compound of formula (XII) by reaction with a reducing agent, followed by the formation of a simple or coordinating benzoate, syn bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction assisted by the double bond and oxidative transformation of the vinyl silane obtained to lead to XII.
    [0132]
    [0133]
    [0134]
    [0135] A person skilled in the art knows the conditions for performing said transformations; for the stereocontrolled reduction of ketones to secondary alcohols, metal hydrides (dialkylaluminum hydride, trialkoxyaluminium hydrides, lithium borohydride) have been used; the formation of benzoates from alcohols by reaction with benzoyl chloride in basic medium or by esterification of Fisher with a substituted benzoic acid; The bimolecular substitution assisted by the double bond with a nucleophilic organometallic (dimethyl lithium, methylmagnesium bromide with copper catalysis) proceeds with stereochemistry without, generating a vinyl silane, which under oxidative conditions the ketone is obtained (XII).
    [0136]
    [0137] In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (XIII) as described above, which comprises asymmetric epoxidation of the double bond of a compound of formula (XIV), followed by halogenation. of the hydroxyl and subsequent elimination leads to an allylic secondary alcohol, which is protected with a protective group P3, such as as silicic ether, and subsequently subjected to the conditions of the Pauson-Khand reaction, a carbonylating cyclization of diines or eninos for lead to (XIII).
    [0138]
    [0139]
    [0140]
    [0141]
    [0142] In another aspect the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or of formula (II) as described above.
    [0143]
    [0144] The pharmaceutical composition of the invention can be obtained by mixing a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and thus can be administered in a plurality of pharmaceutical forms for administration, such as in solid or liquid form.
    [0145]
    [0146] The following examples illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting it.
    [0147]
    [0148] Example 1. Molecular coupling studies
    [0149]
    [0150] They are carried out using the GOLD program (Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC) ( http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk)) based on the crystallographic structure of the 1,25D-VDR complex (PDB ID: 1DB1). Analogs are constructed and minimized using the ChemOffice package (Perkin Elmer Informatics). The proposed structures are optimized to show the highest affinity for VDR, which is evaluated based on the scores obtained and the theoretical interactions of the analogs with the main amino acids in the pocket of the VDR. The scores obtained for each analog within the active pocket of the recipient are normalized taking as reference the natural hormone.
    [0151]
    [0152]
    [0153]
    [0154]
    [0155] X1, X2 = CH2, 99%
    [0156]
    [0157] Example 2. Preparation of compounds.
    [0158] Preparation of epoxyalcohol (2)
    [0159]
    [0160]
    [0161]
    [0162] A solution of Ti (O / -Pr) 4 (2.35 mL, 8.107 mmol) in CH 2 O 2 (35 mL) was added dropwise over another of D-DIPT (2.28 g, 9.728 mmol) and molecular sieves (3 g, 4Á) in CH 2 O 2 (7 mL) previously cooled to -25 ° C. After 15 min of stirring, 1 (2,128 g, 8,107 mmol) dissolved in CH 2 O 2 (7 mL) was added via cannula. The mixture was stirred for 30 min. TBHP in decane (2.06 mL, 11.349 mmol, 6.6 M) was added. The mixture was stirred for 5 h at -25 ° C. The reaction was stopped by the addition of an aqueous solution of Fe 2 SO 4 and tartaric acid. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH 2 O 2 . The combined organic phase was dried, concentrated and purified by flash chromatography, obtaining 2 (SiO 2 , 2.5 x 5 cm, 10% -15% EtOAc / hexanes) to give 1 (2.167 g, 7.783 mmol, 96%, r = 24.2 ( c = 0.9, CHCl 3 ),). JH NMR (250 MHz, CDCb) 5 = 7.35-6.85 (5H, m, Hph), 3.89 (1H, dd, Ji = 12.6, J2 = 4.4), 3.59 (1H, dd, Ji = 12.6, J2 = 2.0), 3.04 (2H, td, Ji = 5.7, J2 = 2.0), 3.00-2.95 (1H , m), 2.38 (2H, t, J = 6.9), 2.18 (2H, s, CH 2 -YES), 1.78 (2H, dt, J 1 = 12.9, J 2 = 6.9), 0.12 (6H, s, 2xCH3-Si). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 16 H 22 O 2 NaSi] +: 297.1281; Found: 297.1290.
    [0163]
    [0164] Preparation of the epoxyalcohol (ent-2)
    [0165]
    [0166]
    [0167]
    [0168] The compound ent-2 [1,925 g, 6,912 mmol, 95%, R / = 0.37 (40% EtOAc / hexanes), [or] E ^ = -24.6 ( c = 1.7, CHCI 3 )] was synthesized from 1 using the same protocol as for obtaining 2, using Z-DIPT instead of D-DIPT.
    [0169]
    [0170] Preparation of allyl alcohol (3)
    [0171]
    [0172]
    [0173]
    [0174]
    [0175] I 2 (2,597 g, 10,234 mmol) and PPh 3 (2,684 g, 1,234 mmol) were added over a solution of 2 (1.9 g, 6,822 mmol) in THF (70 mL) and stirred at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a saturated solution of Na2S2O3. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic phases were dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give a yellowish residue that was used in the next step without purification. After redissolving the residue obtained in the previous step in EtOH (70 mL) Zn (4.46 g, 68.22 mmo) and HOAc (0.78 mL, 13.644 mmol) were added. The solution was stirred at rt for 0.5 h. A saturated solution of NaHCO 3 (10 mL) was added. The mixture was filtered through a layer of celite. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was dried, concentrated and purified by flash chromatography, obtaining 3 [1.65 g, 6.34 mmol, 93%, [a] ^ = 3.4 (c = 1.7, CHCI 3 )]. JH NMR (CDCl 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 7.46-6.76 (5H, m), 5.91 (1H, ddd, J 1 = 17.3, J 2 = 10.4, J 3 = 6.0), 5.31 (1H, dt, J 1 = 10.4, J 2 = 1.3), 5.20 (1H, dd, J 1 = 17.0, J 2 = 1.3), 4.27 (1H, dt, J 1 = 6.2, J2 = 6.1), 2.40 (2H, m), 2.25 (2H, s, CH 2 -YES), 1.78 (2H, m), 0.18 (6H, s, 2xCH3-Si). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 16 H 23 OSi] +: 259.1512; Found: 259.1519.
    [0176] Preparation of protected allyl alcohol (4)
    [0177]
    [0178]
    [0179]
    [0180]
    [0181] Imidazole (3,089 g, 45,378 mmol) and TBSCl (3,419 g, 22,689 mmol) were added successively over a solution of 7a (3,920 g, 15,126 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) and stirred. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a saturated NaCl solution. The mixture was extracted with hexanes. The combined organic phase was dried, concentrated and purified by flash chromatography, obtaining 4 [5,306 g, 14,218 mmol, 94%, [cr] = 0.9 (c = 0.8, CHCb)]. 1H NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 5 = 7.24-7.05 (5H, m), 5.81 (1H, ddd, J 1 = 16.9, J 2 = 10.3, J 3 = 6.1), 5.20 (1H, d, J = 10.4 ), 5.13 (1H, d, J = 17.2), 4.24 (1H, dt, J 1 = 8.8, J 2 = 1.6), 2.29 (2H, m), 2.20 (2H, s, CH 2 -Si), 1.68 (2H, m), 0.93 (9H, s), 0.12 (6H, s), 0.06 (3H, s), 0.05 (3H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 22 H 37 OSi 2 ] +: 373.2377; Found: 373.2367.
    [0182]
    [0183] Carbonilating cyclization of (4)
    [0184]
    [0185]
    [0186]
    [0187]
    [0188] Co 2 (CO ) 8 (2.13 g, 6.24 mmol) was added over a solution of 4 (1.8 g, 4.823 mmol) in CH 2 O 2 (70 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 4 h and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in CH 3 CN (70 mL) and the solution was heated to 85 ° C, filtered on a bed of SiO 2 covered with a layer of celite and washed with EtOAc / hexanes mixture. The combined filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography to give 5 [1.47 g, 3,665 mmol, 76%, [a] £ 5 = 41.9 (c = 1.5, CHCb), white solid, mp: 93.2-93.7 ° C] and 6 [0.310 g, 0.772 mmol, 16%, [n] j = -84.0 (c = 1.4, CHCb), white solid, mp: 94.2-94.6 ° C]. Compound 5: 1 H NMR (CDCb, 500 MHz) 5 = 7.24-6.84 (5H, m), 3.55 (1H, td, J 1 = 9.2, J2 = 7.0), 2.94-2.75 (1H, m), 2.58 (2H, td, Ji = 17.7, J 2 = 6.5), 2.25 (2H, d, J = 6.3, CH 2 -YES), 1.91- 1.76 (4H, m), 0.89 (9H, s), 0.22 (3H, s), 0.17 (3H, s), 0.06 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 23 H 37 Ü 2 Si 2 ] +: 401.2326; Found: 401.2310. Compound 6: * H NMR (CDCb, 500 MHz) 57.20-6.92 (5H, m), 4.24 (1H, dt, J 1 = 7.3, J 2 = 3.6), 2.87 (1H, m), 2.48 (2H, t , J = 9.2), 2.35 (2H, d, J = 5.4), 2.30 (2H, s, CH 2 -Si), 2.15 2.03 and 2.00-1.92 (2H, m), 0.85 (9H, s), 0.16 ( 3H, s), 0.13 (3H, s), 0.05 (3H, s), 0.04 (3H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 23 H 37 O 2 Si 2 ] +: 401.2326; Found: 401.2333.
    [0189]
    [0190] Alcohol preparation (7)
    [0191]
    [0192]
    [0193]
    [0194]
    [0195] A solution of DIBAL-H in hexanes (16.2 mL, 16.225 mmol, 1 M) was added slowly over a solution cooled to -78 ° C of 5 (3.1 g, 7.726 mmol) in Et 2 O (80 mL) and stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of an aqueous solution of HCl (5%). The mixture was extracted with MTBE. The combined organic phase was dried, filtered, concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography to give 7a [3,083 g, 99%, [a] g5 = 20.2 (c = 1.5, CHCI 3 )]. NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 5 = 7.27-6.89 (5H, m), 4.99 (1H, s), 3.66 (1H, td, J 1 = 15.6, J 2 = 7.9), 2.77-2.43 (2H, m) , 2.20 (2H, d, J = 3.6, CH 2 -Si), 1.85 (3H, m), 1.41-1.01 (2H, m), 0.89 (9H, s), 0.15 (3H), 0.12 (3H), 0.06 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 23 H 38 O 2 Si 2 ] +: 402.2405; Found: 402.2393.
    [0196]
    [0197] Preparation of (E) -vinylsilane alcohol benzoate (8)
    [0198] On a solution of 7 (0.482 g, 1,198 mmol) in THF (15 mL) cooled to -78 ° C "-BuLi (0.98 mL, 1437 mmol, 1.46 M) was added and the mixture was stirred for 15 min. Then BzCl (0.17 mL, 1,437 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a saturated NaCl solution. The mixture was extracted with MTBE. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 8 (0.564 g, 93%). NMR (CDCl 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 8.13-8.01 (2H, m), 7.61-7.40 (3H, m), 7.30-6.94 (5H, m), 6.30 (1H, t, J = 5.6), 3.70 ( 1H, td, J 1 = 15.7, J2 = 8.4), 3.01-2.72 (2H, m), 2.24 (2H, d, J = 11.6, CH 2 -Si), 1.91-1.11 (4H, m,), 0.88 (9H, s), 0.10 (3H, s), 0.08 (3H, s), 0.05 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 30 H 42 NaO 3 Si 2 ] +: 529.2570; Found: 529.2562.
    [0199] Preparation of (E) -vinylsilane alcohol benzoate (8)
    [0200]
    [0201]
    [0202]
    [0203] DMAP (0.225 g, 1.839 mmol) and 4-diphenylphosphinobenzoic acid (0.563 g, 1.839 mmol) were added over a solution of 7 (0.618 g, 1.533 mmol) in CH 2 O 2 (20 mL). It was cooled to 0 ° C and DCC (0.379 g, 1.839 mmol) was added. It was stirred for 15 h. The reaction was stopped by vacuum filtration over celite layer. The combined organic phases were concentrated in vacuo. The obtained residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 9 [0.949 g, 90%, [a] f = 32.6 (c = 2.3, CHCI 3 )]. NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 8.19-7.57 (4H, m), 7.50-7.17 (10H, m), 7.19-6.83 (5H, m), 6.12 (1H, t, J = 6.5), 3.62 ( 1H, dt, J 1 = 19.4, J 2 = 11.9), 2.73-2.59 (1H, m), 2.13 (2H, d, J = 10.3), 2.02-1.57 (4H, m), 1.32-1.04 (2H, m), 0.84 (9H, s), -0.02 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 42 H 51 O 3 PSi 2 ] +: 690.3114; Found: 690.3217.
    [0204]
    [0205] Allylic substitution of benzoate (9), preparation of vinyl silane (10)
    [0206] On a solution of 9 (2,635 g, 3.81 mmol9) in Et 2 Ü (100 mL) CuBr.SMe 2 (0.392 g, 1905 mmo9) was added and stirred at room temperature for 10 min. MeMgBr (1.4 mL, 4.191 mmol, 3 M) was added and stirred. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a mixture of NH 3 and saturated NH 4 CL solution. The mixture was extracted with MTBE. The combined organic phase was dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography to give 10 [0.804 g, 2,019 mmol, 53%, [a] f = -34.6 (c = 1.2, CHCI 3 )] and 11 [ 0.488 g, 1.219 mmol, 32%, [a] = 80.2 (c = 1.4, CHCI 3 )]. Compound 10: JH NMR (CDCI 3 , 500 MHz) 5 = 7.23-6.92 (5H, m), 5.77 (1H, t, J = 1.9), 3.76 (1H, dt, J 1 = 3.7, J2 = 4.3), 2.75 2.47 (1H, m), 2.17 (2H, s, CH 2 -Si), 2.12-1.96 (2H, m), 1.62-1.38 (4H, m), 1.24 (3H, s), 0.89 (9H, s ), 0.07 (6H, s), 0.05 (6H, s), 0.04 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 24 H 40 OSi 2 ] +: 400.2612; Found: 400.2609. Compound 11: JH NMR (CDCl3, 250 MHz) 5 = 7.31-6.97 (5H, m), 3.62 (1H, dt, J 1 = 16.2, J 2 = 8.0), 3.17-3.00 (2H, m), 2.16 ( 2H, s, CH 2 -Yes), 2.11-1.54 (6H, m), 1.03 (3H, d, J = 6.9), 0.96 (9H, s), 0.15 (3H, s), 0.13 (3H, s) , 0.12 (3H, s), 0.11 (3H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 24 H 40 OSi 2 ] +: 400.2612; Found: 400.2608.
    [0207]
    [0208] Ketone Preparation (12)
    [0209]
    [0210]
    [0211]
    [0212] A solution of TBAF in THF (3.6 mL, 3,614 mmol, 1 M) was added over a solution of 5a (0.630 g, 1,572 mmol) in THF (5 mL) and stirred. MeOH (10 mL), NaHCO3 (0.264 g, 3.143 mmol) and H 2 O 2 (3.2 mL, 30%) were added and stirred for 18 h. The reaction was stopped by adding Na2S2O3 (3 g). The mixture was filtered under vacuum on a layer of SiO 2 . The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to provide 12 [0.360 g, 85%, [a] f = -59.3 (c = 1.3,
    [0213] Preparation of (E) -vinylsilane (9)
    [0214]
    [0215]
    [0216]
    [0217] NaHMDS (1.01 mL, 2010 mmol, 2 M) was added slowly over a solution of 4a (0.270 g, 1.005 mmol) in THF (9 mL) cooled to -78 ° C. It was stirred at rt for 0.5 h. It was cooled to -78 ° C and a solution of PyNTf 2 (0.987 g, 2.513 mmol) in THF (6 mL) was added and stirred at room temperature. It was filtered on a bed of SiÜ 2 washing with 20% EtÜAc / hexanes mixture and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 13 [0.360 g, 0.965 mmol, 96%, [a] = -13.1 ( c = 2.6,
    [0218] Preparation of the ester a, P, and, 8-unsaturated (15)
    [0219]
    [0220]
    [0221]
    [0222] On a solution of 13 (0.294 g, 0.785 mmol) and (£) -3- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) ethyl acrylate 14 (0.213 g, 0.942 mmol) in THF (10 mL) an aqueous solution of K 3 PO 4 (9.8 mL, 19.620 mmol, 2 M) and PdCb (Ph 3 P) 2 (0.110 g, 0.157 mmol) were added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature in the absence of light. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a saturated NH 4 CL solution. The mixture was extracted with MTBE. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash column chromatography to give 15 [0.250 g, 91%, [a] = -56.7 (c = 1, CHCb)]. 1H NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 5 = 7.26 (1H, t, J = 8.1), 5.91 (1H, dd, J 1 = 9.3, J 2 = 6.5), 4.19 (2H, q, J = 7.1), 3.75 (1H, dt, J 1 = 9.1, J 2 = 4.6), 2.75-2.54 (1H, m), 2.27-1.97 (2H, m), 1.90-1.47 (4H, m), 1.31 (3H, s), 1.30 (3H, t, J = 7.2), 0.87 (9H, s), 0.05 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 20 H 34 O 3 NaSi] +: 373.2169; Found: 373.2171
    [0223]
    [0224] Preparation of the ester and, S-unsaturated (17)
    [0225]
    [0226]
    [0227]
    [0228]
    [0229] PHMS (0.57 mL, 9.448 mmol) was added over a mixture of CuCl (0.041 g, 0.413 mmol,), hexanes (13 mL), KOí-Bu (0.28 mL, 0.443 equiv, 1.6 M) and 1.3- chloride bis (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) imidazolinium 16 (0.024 g, 0.071 mmol). The mixture was subjected to ultrasound action. Then a solution of 15 (0.207 mg, 0.591 mmol) in hexanes (16 mL) was added, z'-PrOH (0.180 mL, 2.362 mmol) was slowly dripped and the reaction was stirred at room temperature. It was filtered and the combined organic phases were concentrated in vacuo. The obtained residue was dissolved in Et 2 O and treated with a solution of TBAF in THF (1 mL, 1 mmol, 1.6 M) for 0.5 h. Saturated NH 4 CL solution was added. The mixture was extracted with 20% EtOAc / hexane mixture. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash column chromatography to give 16 [0.207 g, 0.585 mmol, 99%, ["] [jS = -25.1 (c = 1.5, CHCI 3 ].
    [0230] 1 H NMR (CDCl 3 , 500 MHz) 5 = 5.06 (1H, t, J = 1.8), 4.12 (2H, q, J = 7.1), 3.80 (1H, dt, J 1 = 6.5, J 2 = 3.5), 2.55-2.50 (1H, m), 2.50-2.45 (2H, m), 2.11-2.05 (1H, m), 1.88-1.81 (1H, m), 1.69-1.34 (4H, m), 1.24 (3H, t , J = 7.1), 1.18 (3H, s), 0.87 (9H, s), 0.03 (3H, s), 0.02 (3H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 20 H 36 O 3 NaSi] +: 375.2325; Found: 375.2336.
    [0231] Alcohol preparation (18)
    [0232]
    [0233]
    [0234]
    [0235] LÍAIH 4 (0.045 g, 1.1742 mmol) was added over a solution of 17 (0.207 g, 0.587 mmol) in Et 2 O (8 mL) cooled to 0 ° C. The mixture was stirred. The reaction was stopped by the addition of H 2 O and an aqueous HCl solution and extracted with a 30% EtOAc / hexanes mixture. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash column chromatography to give 18 [0.180 g, 0.581 mmol, 99% [a] f = -30.3 (c = 1.6, CHCI 3 )]. NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 5.10 (t, J = 1.8), 3.84-3.78 (1H, dt, J 1 = 3.6, J2 = 2.9), 3.68 (2H, t, J = 6.4), 2.12- 1.62 (6H, m), 1.63 1.47 (4H, m), 1.17 (3H, s), 0.87 (9H, s), 0.03 (6H). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 18 H 34 O 2 NaSi] +: 333.2200; Found: 333.2218.
    [0236]
    [0237] Iodide Preparation (19)
    [0238]
    [0239]
    [0240]
    [0241] On a solution of 18 (0.208 g, 0.670 mmol) in THF (15 mL) PPh 3 (0.211 g, 0.804 mmol), imidazole (0.087 g, 1.272 mmol) and I 2 (0.204 g, 0.804 mmol) were added. The mixture was stirred for 0.5 h at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by cooling to 0 ° C and adding a saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO 3 and an aqueous solution of Na2S2O3. The mixture was extracted with a 20% EtOAc / hexanes mixture. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash column chromatography to give 19 [0.278 g, 0.663 mmol, 99%, [ce] [j5 = -27.3 ( c = 1.2, CHCl 3 ]). 1 H NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 5 = 5.09 (1H, s), 3.81 (1H, dt, J 1 = 2.8, J 2 = 3.4), 3.22 (2H, t, J = 6.6), 2.71-2.36 (1H , m), 2.13-1.72 (6H, m), 1.70-1.41 (4H, m), 1.18 (3H,), 0.88 (9H, s), 0.03 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [Ci 8 H 33 lONaSi] +: 443.1243; Found: 443.1209
    [0242]
    [0243] Preparation of the ester (20)
    [0244]
    [0245]
    [0246]
    [0247] On a suspension of Zn (0.842 g, 3.318 mmol) in pyridine (14 mL) was added ethyl acrylate (0.360 mL, 3.318 mmol). It was stirred at room temperature and MQ 2 was added. 6 H 2 O (0.126 g, 0.531 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60 ° C for 2 h and at 0 ° C for 10 min. A solution of 19 (0.186 g, 0.442 mmol) in pyridine (8 mL) was added and stirred at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of aqueous solutions of HCl and NaHCO 3 and extracted with a 30% EtOAc / hexanes mixture, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 20 [0.136 g, 0.345 mmol, 78%, [a] £ = -26.0 (c = 1.9, CHCI 3 )]. JH NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 5.13 ^ 4.92 (1H, m), 4.11 (2H, q, J = 7.1), 3.95-3.65 (1H, m), 2.60-2.42 (1H, m), 2.29 (2H, t, J = 7.5), 2.11 1.28 (14H, m), 1.24 (3H, t, J = 7.1), 0.87 (9H, s), 0.03 (3H, s), 0.02 (3H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 23 H 43 O 3 Si] +: 395.2976; Found: 395.2975.
    [0248] Alcohol preparation (21)
    [0249]
    [0250]
    [0251]
    [0252]
    [0253] On a solution of 20 (0.136 g, 0.345 mmol) in THF (10 mL) cooled 0 ° C a solution of MeMgBr in Et 2 O (0.46 mL, 1,381 mmol, 3 M) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature . The reaction was stopped by the addition of H 2 O and saturated NH 4 CL solution. The mixture was extracted with CH 2 O 2 and the combined organic phases were dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on column to give 21 [0.116 g, 0.307 mmol, 89%, [cr] 5 ^ = -23.3 (c = 1.9, CHCh)]. 1H NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 5.06 (1H, s), 3.80 (1H, dt, Ji = 2.9, J2 = 3.5), 2.64-2.40 (1H, m), 2.12-1.78 (4H, m) , 1.68-1.29 (12H, m), 1.21 (6H, s), 1.15 (3H, s), 0.88 (9H, s), 0.01 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 23 H 44 O 2 NaSi] +: 403.3002; Found: 403.3014.
    [0254]
    [0255] Diol Preparation (22)
    [0256]
    [0257]
    [0258]
    [0259]
    [0260] A solution of TBAF in THF (0.311 mL, 0.311 mmol, 1 M) was added over another 35a (0.079 g, 0.2075 mmo) in THF (5 mL) and DMF (0.2 mL) and stirred at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of a saturated aqueous NH 4 Cl solution. The mixture was extracted with MTBE. The combined organic phases were dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash chromatography to give 36a [0.047 g, 0.018 mmol, 85%, [«] £ s = -25.1 ( c = 0.8, CHCI 3 ). NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 5.09 (1H , s), 3.89 (1H, dt, J 1 = 3.7, J 2 = 2.6), 2.73-2.43 (1H, m), 2.13 1.84 (4H, m), 1.61 (3H, s), 1.55-1.21 (12H , m), 1.20 (6H, s) HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [CnH 29 O 2 ] +: 265.2173; found: 265.2186.
    [0261]
    [0262] Ketone Preparation (23)
    [0263] On a solution of 22 (0.039 g, 0.1466 mmol) in CH 2 CI 2 (5 mL), Dess-Martin periodine (0.081 g, 0.1898 mmo) was added and stirred at room temperature. It was filtered through a layer of SiO 2 and concentrated in vacuo, purified by flash column chromatography to give 23 [0.038 g, 0.144 mmol, 98%, [cr] -112.0 ( c = 1.5, CHCb)]. JH NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 5 = 5.25 (1 H, s), 2.63-2.45 (1H, m), 2.41-1.85 (8H, m), 1.73-1.28 (8H, m), 1.21 (3H, s ), 1.17 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [CnH 28 O 2 Na] +: 287.1981; Found: 287.1992.
    [0264] Preparation of enoltrifalto (24)
    [0265]
    [0266]
    [0267]
    [0268]
    [0269] LDA (2.01 mL, 1 M) was added slowly over a solution of 23 (0.270 g, 1.005 mmol) in THF (9 mL) cooled to -78 ° C. It was stirred at rt for 0.5 h. It was cooled to -78 ° C and a solution of PyNTf 2 (0.987 g, 2.513 mmol) in THF (6 mL) was added and stirred at room temperature. It was filtered on a bed of SiO 2 by washing with 20% EtOAc / hexanes mixture and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 24 [0.360 g, 0.965 mmol, 96%, [a] ^ = -84.3 (c = 2.1, CHCI 3 )]. JH NMR (CDCl 3 , 250 MHz) 5 = 5.29 (1H, c, J = 3.5), 5.25 (1 H, s), 2.63-2.45 (1H, m), 2.41-1.85 (8H, m), 1.73- 1.28 (7H, m), 1.21 (3H, s), 1.17 (6H, s). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 18 H 27 F 3 O 4 SNa] +: 419.1480; Found: 419.1487.
    [0270] Analog Preparation (26)
    [0271]
    [0272]
    [0273]
    [0274]
    [0275] A solution of «-BuLi in hexane (0.45 mL, 0.726 mmol) was added over a solution of the oxide of ((Z) -2 - ((3S, 5R) -3,5-t-butyldimethylsilyloxy-2-methylenecyclohexylidene) ethyl ) diphenylphosphine 25 (0.110 g, 0.29 mmol) (prepared as described in EG Baggiolini, JA Iacobelli, BM Hennessy, MR Uskokovic. Stereoselective total synthesis of 1a, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. J. Am. Chem. Soc 1982, 104, 2945-2948) in THF (8 mL) at -78 ° C. The solution was stirred at -78 ° C for 1 h. A solution of ketone 23 (0.030 g, 0.114 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred in the absence of light. The reaction was stopped at -78 ° C by the addition of NH 4 Q (sat.) And stirred at room temperature, concentrated to a small volume and poured onto NaCl (sat. Aq.). The mixture was extracted with Et 2 O. The combined organic phase was washed with H 2 O, dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in THF (4 mL) and a solution of TBAF in THF (0.6 mL, 0.60 mmol) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 24h, concentrated to a small volume and poured onto NH 4 Q (sat. Aq.). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was washed with NaCl (sat.), Dried, filtered and concentrated. It was purified by flash column chromatography to give 26 [0.037 g, ["] d5 = 18.3 ° (c = ll in EtOH), 81%]. JH NMR (CDCI 3 , 250 MHz) 5 6.23 and 6.05 (2H, AB system, d, J = 11.3), 5.23 (1 H, s), 5.20 (1H, br s), 4.89 (1H, br d, J = 2.3), 4.39 (1H, m), 4.20 (1H, m), 2.77 (2H, d, J = 13.8), 2.52 (2H, m), 2.23 (4H, m), 1.98 (4H, m), 1.80 (2H, m), 1.66 (4H, m), 1.48 (4H, m), 1.42 (2H, m), 1.17 (4H, s), 0.88 (3H, d, J = 5.5). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 26 H 40 O 3 Na] +: 423.2875; Found: 423.2869.
    [0276] Analog Preparation (28)
    [0277]
    [0278]
    [0279]
    [0280]
    [0281] A solution of n-BuLi in hexane (0.29 mL, 0.18 mmol) was added over a solution of the oxide of ((Z) -2 - ((3ó ', 5.R) -3,5-t-butyldimethylsilyloxycyclohexylidene) ethyl) diphenylphosphine 27 (0.103 g, 0.18 mmol) (prepared as described in R. Samala, S. Sharma, MK Basu, K. Mukkanti, F. Porstmann. A new metabolite of Paricalcitol: stereoselective synthesis of (22Z) -isomer of 1a, 25-dihydroxy-19-norvitamin D 2. Tetrahedron Lett. 2016, 57, 1309-1312) in THF (5 mL) at -78 ° C. The solution was stirred at -78 ° C for 1 h. A solution of ketone 23 (0.023 g, 0.087 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred in the absence of light. The reaction was stopped at -78 ° C by the addition of NH 4 Q (sat.) And stirred at room temperature, concentrated to a small volume and poured onto NaCl (sat. Aq.). The mixture was extracted with Et 2 O. The combined organic phase was washed with H 2 O, dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in THF (4 mL) and a solution of TBAF in THF (0.4 mL, 0.40 mmol) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 24h, concentrated to a small volume and poured onto NH 4 Q (sat. Aq.). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was washed with NaCl (sat.), Dried, filtered and concentrated. It was purified by flash column chromatography to give 26 [0.025 g, [a] = 21.7 ° (c = 0.9 in EtOH), 75%]. 1 H NMR (CDCl 3 , 250 MHz) 5 6.19 and 6.02 (2H, AB system, d, J = 11), 5.29 (1H, s), 4.39 (1H, m), 4.20 (1H, m), 2.75 (2H , m), 2.50 (2H, m), 2.25 (4H, m), 2.00 (4H, m), 1.83 (2H, m), 1.62 (4H, m), 1.46 (6H, m), 1.15 (6H, s), 0.86 (3H, d, J = 5.5). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 25 H 40 O 3 Na] +: 411.2875; Found: 411.2883.
    [0282] Analog Preparation (30)
    [0283]
    [0284]
    [0285]
    [0286]
    [0287] To a solution of triflate 24 (0.095 g, 0.25 mmol) and trans-boronate 29 (0.107 g, 0.28 mmol) (prepared as described in U. Kulesza, LA Plum, HF DeLuca, A. Mourño, RR Sicinski. J. Med. Chem. 2013, 58, 6237-6247) in THF (5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of K 3 PO 4 (1.25 mL, 3.75 mmol) and Pd (PPh 3 ) 2 Ch (15 mg, 0.022 mmol, 2%). The mixture was stirred in the absence of light at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of NaCl (sat. Aq.) And extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was washed with NaCl (sat. Aq.), Dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in THF (4 mL) and a solution of TBAF in THF (0.2 mL, 0.20 mmol) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 24h, concentrated to a small volume and poured onto NH 4 O (sat. Aq.). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase was washed with NaCl (sat.), Dried, filtered and concentrated. It was purified by flash column chromatography to give 30 [0.025 g, [a] = 21.7 ° (c = 0.9 in EtOH), 75%]. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography to give 30 [0.132 g, [a] ^ = + 63.4 ° (c = 0.9 in EtOH), 84%]. JH NMR (CDCb, 250 MHz) 56.23 and 6.05 (2H, AB system, d, J = 11.3), 5.29 (1H, c, J = 3.5), 4.39 (1H, m), 4.20 (1H, m), 2.79 (2H, d, J = 13.5), 2.47 (1H, d, J = 9.3), 2.18 (2H, m), 2.05 (1H, d, J = 9.3), 1.82 (2H, m), 1.65 ( 6 H , m), 1.47 (4H, m), 1.44 (4H, m), 1.16 ( 6 H, s), 0.87 (3H, d, J = 5.5). HRMS (ESI-TOF) +: m / z: calculated for [C 26 H 40 O 3 Na] +: 423.2875; Found: 423.2866.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    having formula (I) or (II), its diastereoisomers or one of its enantiomers, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts,

    where each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4, are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkynyl, heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, heteroalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylalkyl, arylacyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylcarboxy, arylcarboxy, and heterocycle.
    X 1 and X 2 can be hydrogens, or together form a methylene group (= CH 2 ), and each of P 1 and P 2 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylcarboxy, arylcarboxy and -SiRaRbRc, where each one of Ra, Rb and Rc are selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl and heterocycle.
    as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl and hydroxyalkyl and R 3 is selected from alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkylcarboxy.
    as claimed in claim 1, wherein R 1 and R 2 are hydrogens and R 3 is hydroxyalkyl.
    according to any of the preceding claims, wherein R 4 is hydrogen.
    according to claim 1, selected from a compound of formula (la) and (IlaX its diastereoisomers or its enantiomers

    where R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and
    X1, X2, P 1 and P 2 have the same values as defined in claim 1 .
    Compound of formula (I), according to any of the preceding claims, selected from the group consisting of:
    (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4 - ((R) -6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan- 1,3-diol, (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4 - (( R) -6-ethyl-6-hydroxyoctan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    ( 1 R, 3 S, Z) - 5 - ( 2 - (( 3 aR, 6 aS, E) - 4 - ((R) - 6 -hydroxy- 6 - (methyl-d 3 ) heptan- 2- yl - 7 , 7 , 7 -d 3 ) - 3 amethyl-3,3a, 6,6a-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -3a-methyl-4 - ((R) -7,7,7-trifluoro-6-hydroxy-6- (trifluoromethyl) heptan-2-yl) -3,3a, 6,6a-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexane-1,3-diol,
    (1R, 3S) -5 - ((E) -2 - ((3aS, 6aR) -4 - ((S) -6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen-1-yl) vinyl) -4-methylcyclohex-4-en-1,3-diol,
    (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4- (5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl) -3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -ilidene) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan- 1,3-diol, (1R, 3S, Z) -5- (2 - ((3aR, 6aS, E) -4- (5-ethyl-5-hydroxyheptyl) - 3a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6atetrahydropentalen- 1 (2H) -iliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol,
    ( 1 R, 3 S, Z) - 5 - ( 2 - (( 3 aR, 6 aS, E) - 4 - ( 5- hydroxy- 5 - (methyl-d3) hexyl- 6 , 6 , 6 -d3) - 3 a-methyl-3,3a, 6,6a-tetrahydropentalen-1 (2H) -yliden) ethyliden) -4-methylenecyclohexan-1,3-diol.
    7. - Compound of formula (I) or (II), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it incorporates isotopic labeling.
    8 . - Compound of formula (I) or (II), according to claim 7, wherein the isotopic labeling is incorporated at the ends of R1, R2 or, R3, in the elements attached to the terminal hydroxyl group.
    9. - Compound of formula (I) or (II) according to claim 7, wherein the isotopic labeling is selected from the group consisting of 2Hn-alkyl (C 1 -C 2 ), 3Hn-alkyl (C 1 -C 2 ), 2Hn-phenyl, where n has a value between 1 and 6 , and (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or phenyl where one or more carbons are 11C, 13C or 14C.
    10. - Pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or of a compound of formula (II), together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers.
    11. - Compound of formula (I) or compound of formula (II), for use as a medicine.
    12. - Use of a compound of formula (I) or (II) as defined in any of claims 7-9, as internal standards in spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques.
    13. - Compound of formula (I) or (II), according to any of claims 7-9, for use as a radiopharmaceutical.
    14. - Compound of formula (I) or (II), according to claim 13, for use as radiopharmaceuticals in positron emission tomography (PET) techniques.
    15. - Process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) or of formula (II) according to claim 1 , comprising:
    a) for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) when X1 and X2 are jointly methylene, a coupling of compounds (III) and (IV) in the presence of a strong base

    wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, P 1 and P 2 have the same values as defined in claim 1, and W is selected from trialkylphosonium, triarylphosphonium, diarylphosphonate and dialkoxyphosphonate;
    b) alternatively, for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) when X 1 and X 2 are together methylene, a coupling of the compounds (V) and (VI) in the presence of a metal catalyst

    wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, P 1 and P 2 have the same values as defined in claim 1 ,
    Y is selected from a halogen or a charge attractor group selected from alkylsulfonate, arylsulfonate, triflate and phosphate, and
    Za is selected from indium halide, dialkylindium, diarylindium, alkylarylindium, zinc halide, dialkylboro and dialkoxyboro;
    c) for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) when X 1 and X 2 are hydrogen, a coupling of compounds (III) and (VII) in the presence of a strong base,

    wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, P 1 and P 2 have the same values as defined in claim 1, and W is selected from trialkylphosonium, triarylphosphonium, diarylphosphonate and dialkoxyphosphonate;
    d) for the preparation of a compound of formula (II), a coupling of compounds (VIII) and (IX) in the presence of a metal catalyst,

    wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, P 1 and P 2 have the same values as defined in claim 1 .
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1464640A2|1996-05-23|2004-10-06|F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag|20-Epi-16-ene-25-OH-D3-analogs|
    WO2014091046A1|2012-12-11|2014-06-19|Unversidade De Santiago De Compostela|Versatile and functionalised intermediates for the synthesis of vitamin d and novel vitamin d derivatives|
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