• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a capillary reactor with high and low power ultrasound equipped with at least one helical machined probe that homogenizes the acoustic field by means of various modes of longitudinal, radial and torsional vibration, and excitation frequencies, where the probe is attached to a transducer and allows the housing of at least one capillary reaction tube, as well as a secondary tube for temperature control; in such a way that this configuration enables the work in continuous and/or oscillating in chemical or physical crystallization processes allowing the handling of solids and/or the improvement of heterogeneous mixtures, gas-liquid-solid, in capillary tubes of variable diameter and length with an optimal temperature control. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2715659A1
    申请号:ES201830422
    申请日:2018-04-27
    公开日:2019-06-05
    发明作者:Brull Francisco Jose Navarro；Torregrosa Roberto Gomez
    申请人:Universidad de Alicante；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Reactor capillary with ultrasound
    [0003]
    [0004] FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The capillary reactor with ultrasound of the present invention is a device consisting of a capillary tube located in a helically shaped probe that homogenizes the acoustic field generated along the capillary tube without the appearance of longitudinal nodes / antinodes, in such a way that it is possible to sound a capillary reactor homogeneously and with a temperature control thereof.
    [0007]
    [0008] The field of application of the present invention is the industrial sector related to reactors applied mainly in pharmaceutics or medical chemistry, and in sonochemistry, so that the invention is intended to enable continuous work in chemical or physical processes (crystallization ) allowing the handling of solids and / or the improvement of heterogeneous mixtures (gas-liquid-solid) in capillary tubes of variable diameter and length with optimal temperature control.
    [0009]
    [0010] STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE
    [0011]
    [0012] The size miniaturization of conventional chemical reactors offers the fine chemical industry better control over reaction and greater efficiency, allowing it to move towards continuous rather than discontinuous work. When the diameter of the reactor is reduced to the order of millimeters, the high surface / volume ratios of the reactor allow the control of complex and / or highly exothermic chemical reactions. However, the presence of solids limits the useful life of these miniaturized reaction systems, also known as capillary reactors, milli or microreactors. The solid particles of the catalyst, the solid reactants or reaction byproducts make it difficult to operate a reactor with these dimensions and operating conditions. The formation of particle aggregates can cause the capillary reactor to clog, both at laboratory scale and in industrial synthesis, limiting the implementation of these systems.
    [0013] Sonication is known as the act of applying sound energy to agitate the particles of a particular element and, according to the present invention, the application of an acoustic field can aid the dispersion and disaggregation of particles. The vibration of the reaction surfaces is obtained by direct transmission with equipment equipped with piezoelectric transducers attached to probes of different geometries and / or materials, for example, ultrasound probe, as well as indirect transmission by means of ultrasonic baths. The acoustic field in high-power ultrasound devices can therefore generate cavitation both in the reaction medium and in the transmission fluid used. So far, on an industrial scale, high-power ultrasound has been used for various applications, from cleaning to emulsification or homogenization, among others [Power Ultrasonics book, 2015]. The control of the acoustic field and its benefits is a function of the amplitude and length of the wave generated by the transducer, the geometry of the sonicated medium and the stationary wave generated in it.
    [0014]
    [0015] Langevin high-power pre-stressed ultrasound transducers are commonly used in the industry due to their high efficiency, specific design of frequencies with narrow band or also as an active part of the baths and ultrasonic probes. Its most fundamental design is based on one or more piezoelectric discs prestressed by metal parts and central screw. Langevin transducers act as structures in resonance that vibrate in their axial or longitudinal direction and respect the physical lengths (wavelengths) imposed by the sound velocity of the materials used, as well as their frequency of work in resonance. The sonotrodes or ultrasonic horns connect probes to amplify and direct the acoustic energy to the areas of interest. The most common configuration of a sonotrode is that of a Langevin transducer, as an active part and a bar or probe of titanium in its frontal part that reduces its transversal area to increase the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration.
    [0016]
    [0017] The incorporation of helical or diagonal grooves around the front of the transducer (coupler) partially transforms the torsional longitudinal movement. This application can be found in ultrasound probes and surgical devices since it manages to add a rotation movement in cutting tools.
    [0018] The conventional ultrasound devices mentioned present a series of problems. The response of the ultrasonic probes shows periodic nodes and antinodes at a set distance (wavelength), which means that the system does not vibrate homogeneously in all its points. The behavior of these standing waves can be partially modified with the proper selection of the material (sound speed), shape of the probe and frequency of work. In any case, the acoustic radiation forces transmitted to the sonicated medium are limited due to this inhomogeneity of displacement. In addition, high-power ultrasound applications, usually in the 20 kHz range, have longer wavelengths and standing waves generate an even less homogeneous sound field. Likewise, commercial ultrasound baths used in capillary reactors will always show significantly unequal distributions due to the antinodos of the acoustic pressure field in the liquid medium.
    [0019]
    [0020] The present invention arises because there are no practical solutions that manage to sonicate a capillary reactor in a homogeneous manner and with temperature control. Only the use of several transducers along the area of interest or the indirect transmission through a liquid [Hielscher GDmini2-Ultrasonic Inline Micro-Reactor] can be considered as partial solutions. The inevitable local temperature increase of the transmission medium due to mechanical friction losses at the junction points of several transducers throughout the reactor disables its use in fine chemistry. On the other hand, the efficiency and scalability of the ultrasonic baths is limited by the losses of acoustic energy due to the impedance difference between the transmission liquid and the capillary material, to the non-homogeneity of the acoustic field and to cavitation phenomena in the unwanted area or external to the environment.
    [0021]
    [0022] It is also considered appropriate to point out that what is disclosed in the document "Continuous contact- and contamination-free ultrasonic emulsification. A useful tool for pharmaceutical development and production " by Freitas et al., Where an apparatus comprising a power ultrasound transducer designed to obtain nanogotes of an aqueous emulsion, having a configuration different from that of the present invention, is described. using a jacketed tube and, among other aspects, has the drawback of not taking measures to avoid the effect of the nodes of the sound waves generated when performing the sonication by means of an aqueous medium.
    [0023] In this sense, it is also known what is disclosed in the document "A design Approach for longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic transducers" by Al Budairi et al., Which describes a geometry of a solid sonotrode with a superficial helical machining that seeks to improve the generated field ; or what is disclosed in the document "Efficient production of hybrid bio-nanomaterials by continuous microchannel emulsification: Dye-doped SiO2and Au-PLGA nanoparticles" by Larrea et al., where a micromixer system is compared with an ultrasonic emulsification with a horn coupled to a transducer and a spiral capillary tube a posteriori, and where there is no mechanization in the body of the sonotrode to improve the acoustic field; However, none of these documents presents or suggests any solution to the disadvantage of controlling the reduction of nodes and antinodes, they include rigid structures that do not allow for versatility or the superposition of capillary tubes on a probe, and they do not take measures to avoid the effect of the nodes of the generated sound waves.
    [0024]
    [0025] Consequently, there continues to be a need to develop a capillary acoustic reactor that vibrates homogeneously, efficiently, is easily scalable for large reaction lengths, that allows accurate temperature control by increasing the average separation between the transducer and the probe, and that it manages to annul the nodes and antinodes that the sonication process causes in a mixture during its preparation in a capillary tube.
    [0026]
    [0027] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0028]
    [0029] The device consists of a capillary tube located in a helicoidal shaped probe that homogenizes the generated acoustic field along the capillary tube without the appearance of longitudinal nodes / antinodes.
    [0030]
    [0031] The helical probe is fundamentally comprised of a straight cylinder, also known as a neck, attached to one or more helices, also known as lips, at a constant or variable distance or angle.
    [0032]
    [0033] The complete sonotrode is formed by a series of piezoelectric transducers stacked and attached to the probe of solid material that, with its shape machining Helical, acts as a waveguide, generating longitudinal, radial and torsional vibrations to the capillary tube in a homogeneous way. The frequencies of the alternating current that excite the piezoelectric actuators correspond to the usual ones used in power ultrasound (~ 20-500 kHz) and can be adjusted to work at the resonance frequencies of the assembly, thus maximizing its energy efficiency and admitting various modes of vibration (longitudinal, radial and torsional) or operation (continuous sonication, modular or pulsed).
    [0034]
    [0035] The external surface of the propeller can be used to house the reaction tube, which receives acoustic energy efficiently in the longitudinal, radial and / or torsional direction.
    [0036]
    [0037] The cylindrical-helical probe acts as a waveguide and distributes the acoustic field in a pseudo-homologous manner. From here, this design allows more complex configurations; increasing the number of transducers, number of probes or adding secondary forms to the probe by means of curling or folding on itself, or other possibilities.
    [0038]
    [0039] The inner part or free surface of the helical probe can be used to control the temperature or to house an additional reaction tube. This provision gives the invention a series of advantages:
    [0040]
    [0041] • The homogeneous distribution of the acoustic field eliminates the limitation imposed by longitudinal stationary waves, even at low frequencies of ultrasound (~ 20-40 kHz).
    [0042]
    [0043] • The solid-solid-fluid direct transmission of the acoustic power to the liquid contained in the capillary allows the use of different diameters and lengths. The vibration is transmitted by the solid material of the probe, generally metallic, which reduces loss by attenuation and enables efficient sonication in long probes, in the order of meters, with a large useful surface.
    [0044]
    [0045] • The efficiency of the design allows to operate both at low power, obtaining only mechanical benefits as the elimination of obstructions by vibration without complications derived from the increase in temperature, or high power of ultrasound, cavitation and sonochemistry. Thus, acoustic energy can be used to favor various physicochemical processes such as mixing in single or multi-phase media with or without cavitation and / or to reduce the limitations of handling suspended solids, mitigating or eliminating possible obstructions.
    [0046]
    [0047] • Isolation of the sonotrode from the reaction medium prevents metal contamination due to erosion by cavitation if, for example, a capillary glass tube, such as borosilicate, is used; metallic materials such as stainless steel or copper; or inert polymeric materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Perfluoroethylene / propylene (FEP), Perfluoroalkoxyalkanes (PFA), Perfluoroalkoxyalkanes (MFA), Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or Polyetheretherketone (PEEK).
    [0048]
    [0049] • The high surface / volume ratios of the capillary allow optimal control of the reactor temperature using forced ventilation or a secondary thermal tube in contact with the probe.
    [0050]
    [0051] • The separation distance between the piezoelectric transducer and the sonicated medium minimizes the heat transfer and can also amplify the power received through changes in the cross section of the probe.
    [0052]
    [0053] • The probe design also supports an additional transducer at the free end of the probe for excitation at secondary frequencies or energy recovery.
    [0054]
    [0055] • The helical arrangement of the probe can be longitudinal, folded, curled or adapted to different shapes to reduce the space occupied by the reactor. The same transducer can emit a plurality of helical probes.
    [0056]
    [0057] • The excitation of the piezoelectrics at various resonant frequencies allows the reactor to operate with bound cases of helical design adjusting to various acoustic-mechanical requirements. The use of several modes of longitudinal vibration allows from a diameter of the central axis (cylinder or neck) reduced to the minimum, forming a helix, up to a diameter of the axis that equals the diameter of the external helix, forming a cylinder.
    [0058]
    [0059] • The ends of the probe can be used to house fittings, T-junctions and / or mixing devices. It is possible to use anchoring or threaded connection systems that can be used in such a way that the benefits provided by the sonication are also propagated to said devices.
    [0060]
    [0061] • Capillary tubes or small tubes allow to house internal concentric tubes to carry out tube-in-tube reactions.
    [0062]
    [0063] • The capillary tubes can be located on the outer useful surface of the propeller of the probe, or they can be housed, protected or embedded inside.
    [0064]
    [0065] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0066]
    [0067] Figure 1. Perspective view of the invention, with the sonotrode with probe and helical guide wave that homogenizes the acoustic field transforming the longitudinal vibrations into radial and torsional vibrations.
    [0068]
    [0069] Figure 2. Perspective view of a sonotrode with capillary housed in a simplified mechanization of the probe next to the representation of longitudinal and radial vibration modes.
    [0070]
    [0071] Figure 3. Detail and side view with example of application of the helical probe with capillary tube.
    [0072]
    [0073] Figure 4. Detail the helical probe and design parameters divided by their fundamental elements.
    [0074]
    [0075] Figure 5. Detail of the modes of vibration, longitudinal (L), radial (R) and torsional (T) in the sonotrode that homogenize the acoustic field along the capillary
    [0076]
    [0077] Figure 6. Free perspective view of the components of an embodiment of a capillary ultrasonic reactor.
    [0078]
    [0079] Figure 7. Free perspective view of the components of an embodiment of a capillary ultrasonic reactor where it is observed that the probe folds and curls on itself.
    [0080]
    [0081] Figure 8. Free perspective view of the components of an embodiment of a capillary ultrasonic reactor with a second ultrasound transducer at the end of the probe.
    [0082]
    [0083] DETAILED EXHIBITION OF REALIZATION MODES
    [0084]
    [0085] Figures 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of the capillary reactor with ultrasound, which basically comprises a power ultrasound transducer (4), also known as an ultrasonic horn, formed by a plurality (preferably 1 or 2 pairs) of piezoelectric elements in ring shape (2) that are fastened by a screw and compression nut to a rear (1) and front (3) that vibrate in resonance, respecting the half wavelength of the assembly and transforming the electrical energy (8) by means of a control system (7) that modifies the frequency and amplitude of the signal. The probe (9), typically made of a titanium alloy or fatigue-resistant material, has helical elements that increase the homogeneity of the acoustic field as seen in the nodes and antinodes marked as light and dark zones (10), respectively. Figure 2 shows one of the limit cases of helical design of the probe, which reaches a cylindrical-helical geometry (6) together with a mechanical coupler (5) of right angle.
    [0086]
    [0087] Figure 3 shows a detailed example of helical probe (9) with capillary reaction tube (12), where a warped geometry generated by a propeller-like surface (11) is developed based on a cylindrical shaft (15). This shape provides homogeneity of the acoustic field and gives flexibility to the probe. The capillary tube (12) is firmly housed longitudinally to a machined cavity in the useful surface of the propeller (11), understanding as housed the possibility of being joined, supported, adhered, embedded or protected.
    [0088] The design of the helical probe (9) presents the fundamental elements that are detailed in Figure 4, where the cylindrical shaft (15) and the helix (11) are presented separately. The characteristics, such as external diameter (32) and internal diameter (35), number, pitch (34) and shape (33) of the helix elements (11), can be designed to adjust to various modes of acoustic operation (single frequency or multifrequency), as well as for the improvement of acoustomechanical properties.
    [0089]
    [0090] Returning to Figure 2, we refer again to the limit case of helical design of the probe (9), when it has a cylindrical-helical configuration (6) together with a mechanical coupler (5) of right angle. The other extreme case would correspond to a probe in the shape of a helix. In both cases, the vibrations transmitted to a capillary tube are mainly longitudinal due to the geometry and homogeneous cross section of the probe. The graph shown in Figure 2 illustrates how the outer diameter of the probe should be approximately one quarter of the wavelength characteristic of the material to reduce the complexity of the acoustic field generated by the transducer (4). The wavelength in turn depends on the speed of propagation of the vibration and frequency applied. This longitudinal nodal distribution generates a pattern of well-defined maximum and minimum pressures that, for example, displace particles in a manner similar to peristaltic pumping. By variations in the frequency and / or the timing-duration of the signal applied to the transducer (4), the acoustic field can be redistributed and thus prevent blocking or binding of the capillary.
    [0091]
    [0092] As best seen in Figure 5, the capillary tube (12) is housed longitudinally in the helical probe through a mechanized cavity in the surface that transmits the vibrations with various modes of vibration: torsional (16-T), longitudinal ( 17 - L) and radial (18 - R), which manage to homogenize the acoustic field received by the capillary. The transmission of ultrasound can be favored by the use of solders, resins or adhesives that reduce the change of acoustic impedance and / or provide rigidity to the joint.
    [0093]
    [0094] As mentioned above, the use of helical elements shown in Figure 1, 3, and 5 produce a more homogeneous distribution of the acoustic field eliminating the limitation imposed by longitudinal standing waves when working at low non-variable frequencies of ultrasound ( ~ 20-40 kHz). Greater Working frequencies will reduce the wavelength, also homogenizing the acoustic field, but presenting energy efficiency problems due to the high attenuation suffered.
    [0095]
    [0096] By way of example, in the context of the present invention, a suitable hardened steel probe with helical grooves (14) of 5 mm depth, 45 ° constant angle and a pitch of 20 mm to a cylinder with outside diameter has been discovered. 12 mm, as shown in Figure 3. This probe coupled to a transducer provides a homogeneous vibration to a capillary reactor of at least 500 mm in length and 1.6 mm in external diameter when sonicated at 28 kHz, approximately .
    [0097]
    [0098] The direct solid-solid-fluid transmission of the acoustic power to the liquid contained in the capillary tube (12) in Figure 3, in turn, allows the use of different diameters and lengths. The vibration is transmitted by a solid material with low attenuation enabling efficient sonication and an extensive useful surface of the propeller (11) that houses one or several capillary tubes on the outside or inside of the probe (not shown). The efficiency and high homogeneity achieved by the present invention allows working in at least two modes of operation:
    [0099] • low energetic power where the amplitude of the vibrations transmitted to the tube is sufficient to reduce the risk of obstructions (13) or clogging, but not to induce significant changes in temperature or chemical effects;
    [0100] • high ultrasonic powers where the amplitude of the vibrations and corresponding values of acoustic pressure are high, generating cavitation. Thus, acoustic energy can be used to favor various physicochemical processes such as those related to sonochemistry or the mixing in media of one or more substances if one of the phases in solution is compressible.
    [0101]
    [0102] For temperature control, the inner part (14) of the helical probe can be used by means of a secondary tube and a thermal paste that improves the evacuation or contribution of thermal energy but not the transmission of mechanical vibrations. Additionally, an external thermal conduction system, for cooling or heating, or a forced air system can also be implemented.
    [0103] Taking into account the previous figures, as seen in more detail in Figure 6, a capillary tube chemical reactor (12) is suitable for use with the present invention. Its characteristics can be designed for the specific application or correspond to commercially available capillaries. The capillary reaction tube (12) receives the vibrations generated by a Langevin-type transducer (4) by means of a helical-shaped probe (9) mechanized to homogenize the distribution of acoustic field along the reaction medium. A mechanical coupler (5) reduces the cross section of the probe thus amplifying the signal. The power and signal is supplied to the transducer by terminals (22) welded or connected to electrical cables (24) connected to a control system with amplifier and frequency generator (not shown). The assembly of one or several probes, for a single transducer, is facilitated by tightening zones (25, 27) or compression screws (21) housed in an external housing (28) making use of the nodal points (23), containing in addition, external anchoring systems (26) and a cooling device (20) with ventilation grilles (19) to cool the piezoelectric equipment.
    [0104]
    [0105] Figure 6 also shows a cooling system by forced ventilation (20) which, together with the separation distance provided by the front of the transducer (4) and the mechanical coupler (5), minimizes the heat transfer received by driving. The mechanical coupler (5) can be right angle, frustoconical, negative exponential, or in any other way.
    [0106]
    [0107] The present invention also allows the use of an inert capillary reaction tube made of borosilicate or a polymer such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which prevents metal contamination generated by a cavitation in conventional ultrasound probes. The capillary tubes or of reduced size allow to house in turn concentric tubes to carry out tube-in-tube reactions (not shown) with different insertion points.
    [0108]
    [0109] To avoid blocking the capillary, as shown in Figure 6, certain areas of interest, such as the ends of the probe (9), can be used to house fittings, T-junctions and / or mixing devices that maximize the acoustic energy received through its placement in antinodes (29, 30 and 31), also allowing maximizing the amplitude by reducing the section of the probe at these points. The length of the helical probe is variable, as well as the direction of the flow, single or oscillating, and connections, inlet or outlet of the capillary tube.
    [0110]
    [0111] The same high-power transducer can emit a plurality of helical-shaped probes by a coupler that increases the vibration area, but keeps the main vibrations divided by zones by slits (not shown). The helical arrangement of the probe can be longitudinal, folded, curled or adapted to different shapes to reduce the space occupied by the sonoreactor (not shown).
    [0112]
    [0113] The present invention also admits additional piezoelectric pairs that are excited at secondary frequencies or with different vibration modes (not shown). The control system can be dynamically adjusted by modulating the power according to requirements, such as pressure drop or maximum reaction temperature, or physical limitations such as resonance frequencies, overheating or maximum stress of the material. In the same way, the system allows a system of pause or space between the individual signals of drive, torsional or longitudinal, to comply with the mentioned purposes or other on-line measurements proportional to the concentration of reagents, for example, absorption of infrared frequencies, visible or ultraviolet.
    [0114]
    [0115] Additionally, the free end of the helical probe can couple another transducer for energy recovery (not shown) or to excite the probe with complementary frequencies or vibration modes. The use of secondary transducers can be interesting for areas before or after the reactor.
    [0116]
    [0117] Finally, although certain embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these descriptions are provided for illustrative and / or explanatory purposes. Variations, changes, modifications and deviations from the systems and methods set forth above may be introduced without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
    [0118]
    [0119] In Figures 7 and 8, various alternative embodiments of the invention can be seen. By way of example, in Figure 7 it can be seen that the probe with helical design allows to have any secondary shape by folding and curling on itself, for example to reduce the space. On the other hand, in Figure 8 an embodiment of the invention can be observed with a second power ultrasound transducer which can be used for energy recovery, from mechanical to electrical, or to add secondary vibration modes.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, which sonifies and homogenizes the acoustic field generated along capillary tubes (12) without the appearance of longitudinal nodes / antinodes, comprising at least one power ultrasound transducer (4) formed by minus one piezoelectric element (2); and that is characterized by comprising:
    - at least one probe (9) machined, fixed to the transducer (4), which is constituted by at least one helical element with a warped geometry generated by a useful helix-like surface (11) that is supported on a cylindrical axis (15) ); and where the probe (9) receives vibrations generated by the transducer (4);
    - at least one capillary tube (12) which is in contact with the helical element of the probe (9) and which receives vibrations generated by the transducer (4) in said helical element;
    and wherein the piezoelectric elements (2) of the transducer (4) are in connection with a control system (7) with which the electrical energy (8) is transformed and the frequency is modified and the signal is extended, in such a way that said piezoelectric elements (2) vibrate in resonance, respecting the half wavelength of the set.
    [2]
    2. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to claim 1, characterized in that the propeller (11) transmits torsional vibrations (16-T), longitudinal (17-L) and radial (18-R) to each capillary tube ( 12).
    [3]
    3. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that each capillary tube (12) is housed longitudinally in a machined cavity in the useful surface of the propeller (11).
    [4]
    4. - capillary reactor with ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that the power and signal is supplied to the transducer (4) by terminals (22) welded or connected to an electric cable (24) attached to the control system (7). ) with amplifier and frequency generator.
    [5]
    5. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly of each probe (9) to the transducer (4) is carried out by means of tightening zones (25, 27) or compression screws ( 21) that are housed in a housing external (28) and makes use of nodal points (23) and external anchors (26).
    [6]
    6. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner part (14) of the helical probe (9) incorporates a secondary tube and a thermal paste for evacuation or supply of thermal energy.
    [7]
    7. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transducer (4) has a cooling device (20) with ventilation grilles (19).
    [8]
    8. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that fittings, T-junctions and / or mixing devices are available at the ends, or along the probe (9) (29). , 30 and 31) that take advantage of areas where acoustic energy is maximized through changes in section or shape.
    [9]
    9. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow direction in the capillary (9) is unique or oscillating.
    [10]
    10. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each probe (9) has a helical cylindrical configuration (6) to which are fixed, at the ends and / or along the same , at least one transducer (4) by means of mechanical couplers (5).
    [11]
    11. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capillary tube (12) that is housed in the probe (9) is made of glass.
    [12]
    12. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the capillary tube (12) that is housed in the probe (9) is an inert polymer.
    [13]
    13. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the capillary tube (12) that is housed in the probe (9) is an alloy of steel, copper or metallic material.
    [14]
    14. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the capillary tube (12) that is housed in the probe (9) is a ceramic material.
    [15]
    15. - capillary reactor with ultrasound, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by a capillary tube (12) that is housed in the probe (9) and has a second tube in a concentric arrangement within it.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3878549A1|2021-09-15|
    WO2019207178A1|2019-10-31|
    ES2715659B2|2019-11-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2893279A1|2020-07-30|2022-02-08|Univ Dalacant / Univ De Alicante|MULTI-FREQUENCY INTENSIFIED SOUND REACTION DEVICE|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830422A|ES2715659B2|2018-04-27|2018-04-27|HAIR REACTOR WITH ULTRASOUNDS|ES201830422A| ES2715659B2|2018-04-27|2018-04-27|HAIR REACTOR WITH ULTRASOUNDS|
    PCT/ES2018/070727| WO2019207178A1|2018-04-27|2018-11-09|Capillary reactor with ultrasound|
    EP18916179.7A| EP3878549A1|2018-04-27|2018-11-09|Capillary reactor with ultrasound|
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