• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    The levitador system, stabilizer and propeller for vehicles that circulate by air ducts, consists of a conduit inside whose interior they circulate wagons of the same form but of smaller section, with a separation between conduit and wagons of 0.1 to 10 cm. this separation is achieved with levitating means by means of magnetic wheels, channels or separating air chambers, air jets, longitudinally and transversely distributed, of the type of air cushion. With a propelling system by suction and blowing air by fans, fans or turbines driven by electric motors and automatic stabilization systems by peripheral air jets added to the stabilization created with the suction and insufflation. It can add a secondary system of propulsion, levitation and stabilization, of the type of permanent rotating magnets driven by electric motors. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2677156A1
    申请号:ES201700040
    申请日:2016-12-29
    公开日:2018-07-30
    发明作者:Manuel Muñoz Saiz；Jesús HERNANDEZ FEBLES
    申请人:Manuel Muñoz Saiz；Jesús HERNANDEZ FEBLES；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     LEVITING SYSTEM, STABILIZER and l "Lü. PARI BUTTON VEHICLES CIRCULATING BY AIR DUCTS FIELD OF THE INVENTION. -In telTestre transport of passengers and goods of very high speed, levitated by air mattress, n: magnetic waves, air jets, 5 air bearings and / or peripheral wheels with jets of a; r ~: between wheels and duct .  OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES Obtain an ultrafast, simple car that can be placed on all types of terrain, on the ground, underground, elevated on columns, in sandy areas, water, etc.  Contribute to the economic system that will not deviate! 1: 'I will not be affected by winds, dust, sand, or meteorology and can compete with the plane on all types of routes.  Initially it could be used to transport cargo.  The front and rear resistance to the advance are defined by the suction applied to the mOlTo and the pressure on the tail of the car.  Use the simplest, simplest and most economical methods of levitation.  15 It has the lowest friction resistance.  Take advantage of most of the energy applied.  (To be performed tCllt'n-- ~ HIrecinto isolated from the outside.  Endorsed by the mechanics of fluids. ) The propulsion is carried out with minimal energy expenditure.  Therefore, it has the minimum cost per kg.  transported  20 It has a minimum energy expenditure.  The transport is very ecological, does not pollute or produce C02.  It allows very high speeds to be reached and the pendie rises easily (without competition in all of the above).  STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.  Current air mattress or 25 magnetic levitation systems are impractical, difficult to feed with energy external to the car, use very expensive tracks and do not acquire very high speed.  In addition, magnetic levitation needs to acquire 100 km / h for levitation to begin to take effect.  They intend to use vacuum tubes, which reduce resistance but are more expensive, dangerous and difficult to stabilize systems.  The present invention solves said problems since almost all of the energy applied is used, the types of levitation applied are very simple and economical and very high speeds are obtained.  PROBLEM TO SOLVE.  Airplanes squander a lot of energy, suffer or are very affected by weather events and are very polluting.  The trains have many speed problems due to the large friction of their wheels, and in the case ofthe levitated, their ways are excessively expensive.  The present invention solves it.  DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION -The levitator, stabilizer and propellant system for vehicles that circulate through air ducts, of the invention, consists of a duct of circular, oval, semicircular section, of a larger segment of the circle, of 5 square or rectangular parallelogram through which the interior circulates Wagons of equal form but of smaller section, with a separation of between 0. 1 mm  and 10 cm  approximately between ducts and wagons, with levitation systems by: Magnetic wheels, pressurized air chambers, air circulation ducts, turbines, pressurized channels, air jets, rotating wheels of electromagnets, rotating wheels of superconducting electromagnets, deflector fins of air flow down, air jets perpendicular or inclined towards the duct, peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the duct and air bearings.  The stabilization is carried out automatically with air bearings, the air chambers themselves, the pressurized channels, some wheels with air jets between them and the duct, about 15 jets or air tongues perpendicular or inclined towards the duct, fins around the Wagons and tilted backwards, tilting the peripheral turbines and some of the peripheral fans and a bushing or fin on the nose and another on the tail can divert the air in all directions.  Also, separation sensors that send the signals to a microprocessor, which sends correction signals to small magnetic wheels 20 (to vary their separation), to rotating electromagnets, to injectors that send air to the chambers, to the channels, or on the interim face of the duct, to the air driving fans or turbines and the air bearings, varying the rpm of some of the peripheral fans or varying the flow of the air jets.  Lateral or warping stabilization is achieved by ballasting the lower part of the wagons or with gyroscopes and applying the signal to 25 electromagnets or inclined air jets that generate a reaction that straightens the vehicle.  With wheels that blow air jets through its periphery or lateral area and ballasting the vehicle.  Lateral stabilization is also achieved with at least one or more longitudinal channels that guide the internal face of the duct, where the jets of air from injectors, which tend to keep the jets in the channels that act as guides, affect.  Using magnetic wheels, air jets, etc.  The duct carriage separation can be much larger than 10 cm.  The propulsion is carried out with the air jets sent by the single or multi-stage turbines, sucking air from the front area and throwing it backwards, and blowing air into the rear area by means of fans, fans or turbines powered byelectric motors and using magnetic wheels operated with electric motors.  The wagons are fed with fuel cells, or with alternating current through capacitors formed by longitudinal bands of the duct and in the wagons.  The suction of the compressors in the front area of the wagons helps the propulsion.  If desired, the fans or fans are inclined upward to suck or direct the air back and down, producing part of the lift of the car.  With these propulsion systems there is practically no friction due to floating or the car being levitated and the losses that occur in vehicles that move or rely on a fluid are avoided, in which at least 50% of the energy is lost 10 applied by the propellers.  Using permanent magnet magnetic wheels, usually ceramic or rare earth such as samarium or neodymium, you do not have to apply energy to levitate the wagons, only used by wheels with air bearings or air jets to control the distance of separation between the wagons or magnetic wheels and the ferromagnetic plate 15.  Permanent magnets can have the flow in any direction, it is independent, just that they have to be placed parallel and with the same direction.  The rotating magnetic wheels, on the upper face of the car, to produce or increase levitation can be cylindrical or cylindrical with a certain peripheral convexity.  In these cases they will use conduits or bands of ferromagnetic material in the area of the conduit 20 close to the magnetic wheels.  Electromagnets can also be used, but with more energy expenditure and with a tendency to stop the vehicle.  To avoid this, like permanent magnets, they must be rotating.  All these wheels have the property of attracting and at the same time allowing the car to slide horizontally.  Levitation by means of air bearings consists in preferably applying in the lower area of the car one or more curved or flat peripheral bands that adapt to the internal face of the duct of the same curved or flat surface.  The duct plates are very porous and by applying pressure on their inner face they produce multiple bubbles between both surfaces that levitate the car.  Four modes of operation are used: a) The turbines or suction fans 30 and air insufflators pass most of the air through the interior of the car, b) The turbines or suction fans and air insufflers pass most of the air between the duct and the outside of the car, c) The turbines or suction fans and insufflators are applied to the duct in the area outside the duct, in open circuit sections and d) The turbines or suction and insufflator fans are applied in the areaexternal to the wagons, with the conduit in closed circuit, which constitute the one-way and the return or the opposite direction.  Simultaneously, the car is levitated and stabilized longitudinally and transversely, which is done automatically causing the car to remain parallel and centered inside the duct.  This can be done by applying the air jets through slots directly on the internal surface of the duct, or by the different separating chambers, so that when the car approaches the duct in some area, the air pressure increases and with it the repulsion, with which the separation is maintained automatically.  The car being surrounded by the duct, creates between both and the longitudinal and transverse joints 10 chambers placed on the fuselage of the car but not making contact with the duct, the air separating chambers, distributed longitudinally and transversely, and in the that pressurized air is introduced by injectors and / or taking advantage of the turbine air flow.  The cameras are levitating and stabilizing, with means to maintain the calibrated distance.  The 15 air jets and the lower chambers with higher pressure produce levitation and stabilization automatically.  The longitudinal peripheral channels act in the same way.  These may have protruding contours or edges.  20 Although pressurized air is applied to each of the separating chambers and the channels, part of the pressurized air circulates between the different chambers or channels.  The air jets have two missions: One is to produce the pressurized air levitating chambers, another to create an area, the one with the impact of the jet, which avoids or opposes the approach of the car to the duct at that point.  The impact zone of the air jet may be increased and delimited by a non-sealed circular or rectangular flap or joint, creating an area of greater pressure than the chamber external to said delimitation.  The 25 air jets or injectors can control stability in every way, the lower ones also control levitation and can be larger.  The means to keep the wagon at a calibrated distance from the tube or the plate may consist of: a) Damper wheels, to which air jets are applied between the lower part of these and the duct, b) Chambers or separating channels of pressure, and c) 30 Air jets applied on all faces, in this case when the duct is approached to said jets it will be automatically rejected, all the more, the more its proximity to any of them.  The air jets can influence perpendicular, tangential or inclined, both transversely and longitudinally against the duct and act in such a way that the reaction is inversely proportional to the distance.  Due to the high precision and small separation between the duct and the covers of the air chambers, the air leaks and the low pressure used are small, and the energy required to keep the wagon suspended is minimal.  Having the center of gravity below the lower third of the car, it can be kept stabilized and act pendulously and automatically in the curves and during its linear displacement.  Gyroscopes and accelerometers can control the stabilization of wagons in straight displacement and in curves, by sending warp tilt signals to electromagnets that variably attract longitudinal ferromagnetic bands or to laterally inclined injectors for compensation.  They can also control the separation or deflection with respect to the longitudinal axis.  A minimum of two to eight chambers are used, separated from each other by means of rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, the joints leave a small separation with the surface of the conduit and can be damped by means of straps placed in the area after said conduit.  The lower pressure separating chambers 15 may be partially divided into two parts by means of a longitudinal and intermediate rubber separator gasket.  The separating chambers have several cross joints in front and rear areas of the wagons.  These in conjunction with the longitudinal joints, and with their particular injectors, provide better stabilization to the wagons.  A variant, instead of joints, uses projections or projections of the same material on the surface of the car or recesses in the central peripheral area, figure 2.  The pressure air jet impact zones increased and delimited by circular or rectangular joints may be inside or outside the separating air chambers created between the main joints.  The joints can be toroidal or fins with aerodynamic profiles.  Four longitudinal joints can be used, or two as in figure 2.  25 Limit wheels collaborate in cases of maximum displacement of the car over the duct or when it is at rest.  The fin or flexible fins in the rear area allow better automatic control of the carriage duct separation.  Very ecological fuel cells or cells can be applied as electric generators 30, and emergency batteries for electrical failure feed the turbines.  In addition to the propulsion incorporated in the car, an external propulsion system consisting of blowing air in one direction of the closed duct circuit and sucking in the other direction in the opposite direction can be applied.  Part of this air flow is captured by fans and serves to drive the stabilizing injectors.  Air flowinsufflated or suctioned outside, in addition to acting as a propellant is used to drive turbines that drive generators.  The duct has nonnal and emergency exit doors, conveniently spaced, you can also use areas of weakening and easy breakage.  5 In the tunnels or underwater, side ducts should be used for emergency exit.  These lateral ducts may be those of the retaining line.  The wagons can be articulated in caterpillar.  Container transport wagons can be used to externally give these the cylindrical shape and be able to house inside them in addition to the containers the 10 turbines and facilities to levitate, stabilize and propel them.  Alternatively, rectangular parallelogram section ducts can be used.  The speed is constantly measured by counting with sensors the umons of the pipe sections in a certain period of time, with which the km / h is known.  External views can be used for travelers on television, or the conduit 15 can be totally or partially transparent.  The motors and electrical installations will try to run through external or watertight areas of the wagons.  20 25 A system sends a water or fuel liquid to four or more tanks placed in the corners or periphery of the wagon to balance it or keep the weights stable at each point in case of displacement of the load, passage or fuel consumption.  The duct should not be very consistent, except under water or to withstand overpressures in case of sudden stops, since the pressures are very low.  You can add an intermediate duct with multiple longitudinal grooves or valves in case you have to stop in an emergency, when the air is compressed in the frontal area of the car, it passes through the grooves or through the valves to the external chamber.  The air mattress used is very efficient and has the same and very small leaks for a car as for the IDI convoy of several cars.  They will use the turbines in pairs and in counter rotation to avoid the torque.  The ducts can run parallel or laterally parallel to each other.  The transfer of energy to the vehicle is done without brushes, transferring it from the two conductive bands that run the duct longitudinally or at its base, by means of radiomagnetic or radiofrequency waves and also using an alternating current in which the separation between the ferromagnetic plates and the longitudinal bands of the duct act as condensers and therefore penniten the flow of the current. The nose and tail of the car do not need to take an aerodynamic or ogival shape, it is5 indifferent, can be flat and even concave.  Emergency braking is done by reducing the rpm of the fans, and by means of electromagnets that will attract the ferromagnetic bands or bands of the ducts.  The air is filtered and conditioned before being introduced into the cars and breathed.  Operation: When applying power, levitation is produced through one of the main systems: Magnetic wheels, pressurized air chambers, air circulation ducts, turbines, pressurized channels, air jets, fins around the wagons and air bearings.  Stabilizing means can preferably be used: Wheels with air bearings, wheels with air jets 10 between them and the duct, jets or air tongues perpendicular or inclined towards the duct.  The propulsion is carried out with the suction or the air jets sent by the turbines or with the magnetic wheels driven by the electric motors.  The wagons are fed with fuel cells or by circulating alternating current through about 15 capacitors formed by longitudinal bands of the duct and the wagons.  If the levitation fails or with the car stopped, the car rests on wheels.  For medium speeds you can use the previous systems in bold, which because they are automatic without mechanisms, are very simple.  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a car and duct or duct of the system of the invention.  Figures 2,3,6, 7, 10 to 13, and 17b show schematic and partially sectioned views of variants of the system of the invention.  Figures 4, 5, 8, 9 and 14 through 17, 17a, 19b and 20, 25 and 33 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of variants of wagons and ducts of the system of the invention.  30 Figure 19 shows a wheel with multiple holes to blow air and avoid contacting the tube.  Figure 19a shows a way of applying air jets to the interior of the duct.  Figures 26 and 27 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of duct variants and their support columns.  Figures 28, 29 and 29a show schematic views of two variant circuits or conduits of the system of the invention.  Figure 30 shows a caterpillar type junction of two wagons.  , ------------ Figure 31 shows a schematic and perspective view of a duct and wagon portion in a station.  Figure 32 shows a plan view of a terminal with a container storage dock.  5 Figure 34 shows a block diagram of one form of operation.  MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 6 shows a possible embodiment of the invention, with the circular section wagon (2) that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  The injectors (4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air on the left side, to the separating chambers generated between the duct or carcass, the wagon and the longitudinal joints (a, b and e).  Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers.  The left side chambers (ab and be) are shown.  The large fans or fans (3), front and rear are thrusters and with a small angle of inclination produce part of the lift or levitation by applying the air flow to the separating chambers.  The stabilization can be achieved by applying the separation signal received by separation sensors to the peripherally distributed turbines (3) that vary in their separation according to their rpm.  or with inclined air injectors (4t) which, when separated, reduce their separating action and vice versa if they approach.  The lower injectors are larger or send greater pressure or flow.  20 Using air propeller turbines outside the wagon, these turbines are not necessary, only compressors and air injectors and engines for emergency operation would be used.  By excessively approaching one of the chambers to the duct, its pressure increases and they automatically separate.  Figure 1 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit 25 (1).  It uses a large front fan (3) and another rear which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1).  The forward can be placed on the tip of the nose.  Carry some fins or circular joints around the fuselage of the car in the middle and rear front area (10f, 10m and 10r).  Which create two chambers longitudinally, which by adding four longitudinal joints produces eight chambers, which are used to levitate and stabilize the fuselage of the car.  Figure 2 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses four large front fans (3) and other rear fans which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1).  The car has a recess in its peripheral area except in its front and rear area where it carries annular projections orYou can carry some boards.  By means of the side joints (d) and the one (b) on the opposite side, two pressurized chambers are created, the upper one of low pressure and the lower one of high pressure to produce levitation, it may be necessary to add the seals (10 and 10r) of the figure l.  Adding the circular joints (10f, 10m and 10r) of Figure 1, four pressurized chambers 5 are obtained, which in addition to levitate serve to stabilize the wagons by varying their pressure.  Figure 3 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which propel and suck the air between the car and the duct.  Preferably through the lower area to produce the levitation.  Air can be passed between the car and the duct.  The duct is tongue and groove (11) with the toroidal joint (12).  Emergency braking is done with electromagnets (29).  It shows the levitating and stabilizing channels (15).  In the upper zone the (15s) that are smaller and only stabilizers.  Figure 4 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit 15 (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements.  It uses four large front fans (3), four longitudinal joints (a, b, e and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct, the separating chambers (ab, be, cd and da) in which they discharge the air injectors ( 4ab, 4bc, 4cd and 4da) respectively and other rear injectors which force the air between said chambers, and which together with the flow sent by the front fans, 20 counter rotation the injectors generate the separation forces Fab, Fbc, Fcd and Fda respectively.  The lower two are levitating, stabilizing and older.  Also the injectors are larger or their flows.  The upper ones are only stabilizing and add to the weight of the car.  The separating chambers (ab, be, cd and da) are further subdivided into eight, due to the three circular joints around the fuselage.  The same goes for the forces.  25 Add peripheral stabilizing electromagnets (12), which can be superconductors.  Figure 5 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements.  Use four large front fans (3) and four longitudinal joints (a, b, e and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers (ab, be on the left side).  Add the limit wheels or 30 support (6) in the lower zone for low speed and rest.  Figure 7 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which suck the air inside the car.  It is similar to that in figure 3.  The air between the car and the duct can be applied by injectors.  Add four longitudinal joints, on the left side youshow the (a, b, e) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers.  Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers.  The left side chambers (ab and be) are shown.  The injectors (4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air on the left side to the separating chambers generated between the duct and wagon.  Figure 8 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which propel and suck the air inside the car.  The air is preferentially applied or only by the lower zone to produce levitation, in a channel between the car and the duct.  The stabilizer air injectors of the car are not shown, which will be distributed over three or four points around the car.  In this case, it is better to use air jets as stabilizers than stabilizer chambers.  Figure 9 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses as magnetic levitators the wheels (7) that are retracted by the ferromagnetic longitudinal bands (8).  It shows the damping wheels (6) or low speed, which is kept separated by air jets applied between its lateral, front and rear areas and the duct, automatically acting as stabilizers.  It shows in the lower zone the levitating and stabilizing channels (15) and in the upper zone the stabilizers (15s).  20 Figure 10 shows the container wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1), inside it carries the containers (20).  It uses four large front fans (3p) and another four rear which force air between the monocoque fuselage of the wagon and the duct (1).  The duct is tongue and groove (11) with the toroidal joint (12).  Figure 11 shows the container wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  Inside it carries the containers (20).  It uses a large front fan (3p) and another rear which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the wagon and the duct (1).  Figure 12 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  Inside it carries the containers (20).  It uses a large front fan (3p) and another rear which suck the air inside the container car.  The air between the car and the duct is not shown in the figure.  Figure 13 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  Inside it carries the containers (20).  The wagon is driven by someturbines or impeller pumps external to said car.  The air flow is driven as shown by the white or contoured arrows.  A compressor (21) provides air flow to the wagon stabilizing control injectors with respect to the duct.  Figure 14 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the duct (1).  Inside it carries the containers (20).  The container wagon carries between its periphery and the containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), in addition to facilities, etc.  Figure 15 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  Inside it carries the containers (20).  The container wagon carries 10 between its periphery and the containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), wheels (6p), in addition to facilities, etc.  Figure 16 shows the carriage (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It has two longitudinal cavities in the upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (38), two in the front zone 15 and two in the rear.  In the lower zone it has two longitudinal cavities, mainly levitating and, secondly, stabilizers in which the flow of air operated by the fans (3L), two front and two rear, circulates.  The vectors show the stabilizing and sustaining forces applied (F8 and FL).  Figure 17 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the duct (1).  It has three longitudinal cavities in the middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (38), and another three in the rear.  In the lower area it has a longitudinal cavity mainly levitating and second stabilizing in which the flow of air driven by the large fan (3L) and another in the rear area circulates.  The vectors show the stabilizing and sustaining forces applied (F8 and FL).  Figure 17a shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1).  It uses levitation by air bearings, blowing pressurized air through the duct (30), the chamber (31) adjacent to the porous plate (32) that produces multiple air bubbles in its face in contact with the vehicle.  The camera (33) is left free in the case of the fall of some object in the internal zone.  The wheel (6s) limits its upper travel but does not touch by having air jets between the wheel and the duct.  Figure l7b shows the duct (1) the car (2) with a stabilization system in the nose and the tail of the car in which the longitudinal rudders (13) are inclined withthe electromagnets (12) swinging on the ball joints (14) depending on the separation signals sent by four sensors.  Figure 18 shows the duct (1) and inside the car (2r) covered its surface by multiple fins tilted back (24r), which once levitated by 5 cameras and levitating injectors, contribute, centering the car in the duct  Figure 19 shows the tubular rail (1), and in its inner zone the wheel (6j) which does not touch the duct due to the air jets (62) through multiple holes of the wheel and the jets ( 61) between the wheel and the upper housing (60) that surrounds and covers it.  Figure 19a shows the ducts (70) and other verticals that apply the air jets 10 (71 and 72) into the duct (1).  Figure 19b shows the duct (J), inside the car (2) levitated by magnetic wheels (7) that attract the rail if it is ferromagnetic or the band (8) and stabilized with the wheels (6a) with air bearings .  They can be used for low and medium speeds.  For higher speeds, the wheels (6s) can be used with air jets having an impact between wheels and conduit.  The two bands (8) of the electric conduction can be used.  Figure 20 shows an oval duct (I v) and oval wagon (2v), showing the longitudinal joints (a, b, c and d).  Figure 21 shows a semicircular duct (Is) and semi-circular wagon (2s).  Figure 22 shows a circular sector duct of about 270 ° (I g) and a wagon of 20 circular sector of about 270 ° (2g).  Figure 23 shows a rectangular duct (Ir) and rectangular wagon (2r).  Figure 24 shows a trapezoidal section duct (1 t) and trapezoidal car (2r).  You can carry the joints in a sirnilar way to figure 23.  Figure 25 shows an open and U-shaped conduit 21r) and wagon or container carrier (2r).  In figures 21 through 25 the longitudinal joints are used but not mentioned.  In the systems of Figures 20 through 25, lateral stabilization is easier.  Figure 26 shows a form of support for the ducts (1) by means of the half rods (26) and these in turn with the columns (27).  30 Figure 27 shows a form of support for the ducts (1) by means of the half rods (26) and these in turn with the columns (27).  Add the conduit (28) useful for carrying the facilities and for moving cars or maintenance personnel.  All three carry the corresponding access gates to the main ducts.  Figure 28 shows a possible closed circuit with a one-way car on (2) and another oneI return on (2nd).  The pumps (7 and 7a) drive the wagons by sending an air jet behind them and sucking from their frontal zone in which the valves (9 and 9a) and the ducts (8 and 8a) intervene, which close stop sucking when the car approaches the area.  5 Figure 29 shows a variant of the circuit in debt on (2b) and another one on return on (2c).  The pumps (7b and 7c) propel the cars by sending an air jet behind them and sucking from their frontal zone in which the valves (9 and 9a) intervene, which close, stopping sucking when the car approaches area.  This instead of using a closed circuit, at the ends uses a change of direction and track.  10 Figure 29a shows a variant of circuit or conduit (1) in which external pressurization and suction is applied in sections by means of the pump or compressor (7d).  Pressurized air is applied through the rear area of the car (2d) and front suction until the car reaches the T-point or junction with the duct at which time the sections between the T and the valve are slightly compressed and the valve opens (9d) forward and until it goes to the next section 15 where this action is repeated automatically.  Figure 30 shows the bellows or track type junction (22) between two wagons (1).  Figure 31 shows the conduit (1) with the door (1p) open at a station at the moment when the car door (2p) is in front of it.  A staircase with steps (1c) facilitates the descent and rise of passengers.  20 Figure 32 shows the arrival duct (1), going up a ramp (23) for deceleration in a loading terminal and once stopped changes direction and is stored in the storage tracks (24).  The arrows show the itinerary.  Figure 33 shows the duct (1) and between the east and the wagon (2) a special duct (1 i) formed by longitudinal grooves or by longitudinal or transverse valves 25, which close the passage of air during suction and they open in emergency by pressing the car on the front air.  The figure does not show the slots or the valves.  Figure 34 shows a microprocessor that processes the signals of: Gyroscopes, accelerometers, four front and four rear separation sensors, gas control, brakes, front and rear area weight, or duct rupture, detected by changes 30 of pressure along it.  Once processed, the microprocessor provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four front stabilization control and four other front and back zone levitation signals sent to the injectors, fin actuators or electromagnets and fault warning signals of the system, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.   
    权利要求:
    Claims (49)
    [1]
    5 10 15 CLAIMS Levitating, stabilizing and propellant system for vehicles with wagons that circulate through air ducts, characterized in that the separation between wagons and duct is within the range of 0.1 mm to 10 cm and that it comprises: a) consistent levitation means in pressurized air chambers formed by joints between the wagons and the duct, the lower chambers being larger or with higher pressure; b) stabilizing means consisting of air jets perpendicular or inclined in relation to the duct; c) propellant means consisting of fans driven by electric motors; d) and means of electrical supply consisting of batteries.
    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitating means consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.
    [3]
    3. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of ducts in the lower zone between wagon and duct, using the propelling air stream.
    [4]
    4. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of air channels arranged around the wagons, both of the type of air cushion, distributed longitudinally and transversely around the periphery of the wagons, the lower ones are larger and / or higher pressure
    [5]
    5. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of rotating wheels of electromagnets.
    [6]
    6. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of air bearings.
    [7]
    7. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of fins that deflect the air stream downward.
    [8]
    8. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of air jets perpendicular or inclined in relation to the duct.
    [9]
    9. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises levitation means consisting of peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the duct.
    [10]
    10. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises means ofstabilization consisting of pressurized air chambers of the air cushion type, placed around the wagons, between them and the duct.
    [11]
    System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of pressurized longitudinal air channels, of the air cushion type 5, placed around the wagons.
    [12]
    12. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.
    [13]
    13. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of fans, varying the air current used in the propulsion.
    [14]
    14. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of air bearings.
    [15]
    15. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of air jets perpendicular or inclined in relation to the duct.
    [16]
    16. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of peripheral wheels that carry air jets between them and the duct.
    [17]
    17. System according to claim 1 which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of rotating wheels of electromagnets that attract the conduit or ferromagnetic bands thereof. 25
    [18]
    18. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of multiple fins distributed inclined backwards and outwards, around the vehicle.
    [19]
    19. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of a hub or fin in the nose and another in the tail.
    [20]
    20. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of fins that deflect the air stream.
    [21]
    21. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of inclined injectors, which when separated from the conduit reduce their separating action and vice versa when they approach.
    [22]
    22. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises means for lateral stabilization or warping consisting of ballasting the wagons, placing the center of gravity in the lower third of the wagon.
    [23]
    23. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises lateral stabilization or warping means consisting of a longitudinal channel on the internal face of the duct, where the injectors blow air under pressure.
    [24]
    24. System according to claim 1, characterized in that stabilization is achieved with the variation of the rpm of at least one of the peripheral fans. 10
    [25]
    25. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises propulsion means consisting of magnetic wheels actuated with electric motors.
    [26]
    26. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises means of electrical supply consisting of fuel cells.
    [27]
    27. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises electrical power supply means consisting of electrical bands in the internal area and along the conduit, where the current is transferred to the wagon by electromagnetic or radio frequency waves.
    [28]
    28. System according to claim 1, which additionally comprises electrical power supply means consisting of electrical bands in the internal area and along the conduit, where the current is transferred to the wagon as alternating current using metal bands in the conduit and the vehicle that they act as capacitors. twenty
    [29]
    29. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses filters to filter the air that is introduced into the wagons.
    [30]
    30. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotating magnetic wheels have a cylindrical shape and peripheral convexity.
    [31]
    31. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the air chambers use rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, and leave a small gap with the surface of the duct, they are created between two or four longitudinal and two or three transverse joints.
    [32]
    32. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas of impact of the pressurized air jet are delimited by joints of circular or rectangular section, which are placed inside and outside the air chambers.
    [33]
    33. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear and front 30 of the wagons, where the air chambers end, are finished off by flexible fins.
    [34]
    34. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduit has normal and emergency exit doors throughout the circuit, spaced apart, and the conduit has areas of weakness and easy breakage.
    [35]
    35. System according to claim 1, characterized in that emergency brakingIt is carried out by means of electromagnets that will attract the ferromagnetic bands or strips of the ducts and reducing the rpm of the fans.
    [36]
    36. System according to claim 1, characterized by using container wagons of cylindrical shape that house the turbines and installations inside them, in addition to the containers 5.
    [37]
    37. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons are circular in section and have two longitudinal cavities in the upper area in which a forced air flow circulates by the fans or stabilizing fans (3S) and in the lower area they have two cavities longitudinal mainly levitators and secondly 10 stabilizers in which the air flow driven by the fans circulates (3L), these fans are applied in the front and rear area of the wagons.
    [38]
    38. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons are circular in section and have three longitudinal cavities in the middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates by some fans or stabilizing fans (3S) and another three in the Rear area, in the lower area it has a longitudinal cavity, mainly levitation and secondly stabilizing and through which the air flow circulates through a fan (3L) in the front area and another in the rear area. twenty
    [39]
    39. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses pairs of turbines, fans or fans that rotate in counter-rotation.
    [40]
    40. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is circular in section.
    [41]
    41. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is elliptical in section.
    [42]
    42. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct has a semicircular section. 30
    [43]
    43. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct has a section of a larger segment of a circle.
    [44]
    44. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct has a square or rectangular parallelogram section.
    [45]
    45. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons carry four or more tanks with liquids placed in the corners or periphery of the wagon to balance it or keep the weights stable at each point in case of load displacement, passage or due to the consumption of fuel.
    [46]
    46. System according to claim 1, characterized in that between the duct (1) and thewagon (2) a special duct (li) with multiple longitudinal grooves is placed.
    [47]
    47. System according to claim 1, characterized in that between the duct (1) and the wagon (2) a special duct (1i) formed by longitudinal or transverse valves is placed, which close the air passage during suction and open them in 5 emergency pressing the wagon on the frontal air.
    [48]
    48. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons have the same external shape as the ducts, but with a smaller section.
    [49]
    49. Levitating, stabilizing and propellant procedure for vehicles, characterized in that a microprocessor processes the signals of: gyroscopes, accelerometers, four front and four rear separation sensors distributed around the wagon, throttle control, brakes, detection of duct leaks, weight of the front and rear area, the microprocessor once processed provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four front stabilization control and four rear, signal or signals of levitation front and rear area sent to the injectors , actuators of the 15 flaps or electromagnets and warning signals for system faults, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2677156B1|2019-05-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2020053456A3|2018-09-10|2020-05-28|Munoz Saiz Manuel|Ultralight train that cannot be derailed from two-rail tracks|
    ES2810948A1|2019-09-09|2021-03-09|Saiz Manuel Munoz|Improvements in two-way trains and very high-speed non-derailing monorails |
    法律状态:
    2018-07-30| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2677156 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20180730 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700040A|ES2677156B1|2016-12-29|2016-12-29|Levitator, stabilizer and propulsion system for vehicles circulating in air ducts|ES201700040A| ES2677156B1|2016-12-29|2016-12-29|Levitator, stabilizer and propulsion system for vehicles circulating in air ducts|
    PCT/ES2017/000099| WO2018011443A1|2016-07-14|2017-07-13|Levitation, stabilisation and propulsion system for vehicles travelling through air ducts|
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