• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and means for diluting or concentrating solutions, applied to processes for the desalination of water, characterised by being carried out on the basis of a borehole (4) in permeable coastal land, where two internal wells (5, 6) are installed producing three channels that are interconnected at the bottom, by means of a membrane packet (9), disposed such that the supply flow towards the membranes and provided via the borehole (4) flows in a downward direction, generated, using the principle of communicating vessels, by the suction of a motor pump (7) installed at a shallow depth inside the well of the concentrate (5), with an ascending flow, pouring same to the marine outlet and the diluted flow (permeate) drains to the second well (6), which is hollow and at atmospheric pressure, where a motor pump (8) extracts the permeate for the use thereof. The method can be used for dilution and/or concentration with minimal energy costs, both on land and on the sea bed on a floating platform (11) or cliff.
    公开号:ES2671917A1
    申请号:ES201790045
    申请日:2015-05-12
    公开日:2018-06-11
    发明作者:Manuel Lahuerta Romeo
    申请人:Tempero 2000 SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIBE OF WATER DESCRIPTION
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The object of the present descriptive invention is to describe a new method for diluting or concentrating solutions applied to water desalination processes, that is to obtain the production of fresh water from sea or brackish water, by means of the reverse osmosis procedure with a lower energy demand and a lower environmental impact, because they are underground plants with a low conversion rate and therefore with more dilute brines, than in traditional plants.
    With this procedure it is possible to meet short-term demands for fresh water near the coast, both for industrial, mining, agricultural or livestock use, given its rapid execution and reduced energy cost, less than 1.8 kWh / m3 with lower maintenance at capture cleaner water through drilling and do not use complex mechanical elements such as high pressure pump, turbine booster and high pressure pipes.
    SCOPE
    The field of application of the present invention is within the industrial processes of water desalination and particularly encompasses all membrane separation processes, either to concentrate or dilute, such as obtaining fresh water from water of sea or brackish, or obtaining concentrates for industry,
    This procedure allows the execution of medium-sized and more sustainable underground plants due to their low energy demand and reduced environmental impact.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    There are numerous publications worldwide on the patent procedure
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    of reference, since it is one of the greatest aspirations in the history of mankind, to obtain drinking water, which is a scarce good from an almost infinite source of water supply.
    Among the most recent on the family of patents that concern us, regarding desalination of seawater, by reverse osmosis. We recommend J.A Medina's book with ISBN-84-7114-849-8 of the Mundi Press publishing house, and the book Seawater Desalination with ISBN-978- 3-642-0449-8 of the Springer publishing house.
    Both background are more complex and inefficient solutions to the proposals in this patent application.
    Likewise, we can take the Carboneras desalination plant, located in Almería (Spain), which with a maximum production capacity of 120,000 m3 / day and an installed capacity of 30 MW, had an investment cost, as the current reference installation model the year 2005. of 131.7 million euros and is operating successfully with a specific energy consumption of 4.25 kWh / m3 of product water, for a conversion rate of 45%. The project designed in 1999 took more than five years to execute. From its data that appears on the website of Acuamed, under the Ministry of Environment, we mean that the specific investment cost optimized for a large plant was € 1,097 / m3 / day.
    Throughout the development of this specification we will compare the results of our invention with those of the referenced Carboneras plant and we will see that the procedure provided by the recommended patent provides new solutions and significant energy savings.
    The writer Alberto Vázquez Figueroa, presented a patent on desalination in a terrestrial well next to the coast, a patent that after many years, has not been put into operation due to the high costs associated with the large civil works necessary for the construction of the well large diameter and its problem and cost to ensure tightness next to the sea.
    With our invention, on the contrary, it is of interest that the well is very permeable to have good feeding and reduce the dynamic level drops in the process of operation of the plant.
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    On the other hand, the patent requested by Juan Reyes Florido in 2009 and the one filed by the M. Torres Industrial Group, in 2005, are clearly different both in concept, design, construction, operation and behavior with the one presented here.
    We want to state that on the part of the applicant, there is no knowledge of the existence of any other invention that has technical, structural and operating characteristics similar to those presented by our desalination procedure, which is recommended here and whose characterizing details are found conveniently set out in the final claims that accompany the present specification.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The procedure for diluting or concentrating solutions applied to water desalination processes, specifically seawater, which the present invention advocates, is considered in itself as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since it achieves the aforementioned objectives, whose characterizing, technical, structural and configuration details are set forth below and are set out in the appended claims that accompany the present specification.
    The membranes for seawater treatment by reverse osmosis procedure are evolving day by day, to achieve greater quantities and qualities in the product water, thanks to a constant technological improvement.
    The membranes are presented in the market in the form of tubes of different diameters formed by the spiral winding of about 44m2 of active area with an intermediate separator where the permeate will drain, towards a central collector giving rise to 100% flow of tangential feeding to the winding, there is an approximate percentage of 10% more diluted (permeate) and 90% more concentrated water (brine), provided that the pressure or rather, the pressure difference between feed flow and permeate exceed the osmotic pressure of the feed water.
    Nominal working conditions for a reverse osmosis membrane for water
    They are:
    - Feed flow 32,000 ppm
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    Pressure 600 PSI = 41.3bar
    - Ta feed water 25 ° C
    - Permeate flow rate 10% of the feed rate
    - PH range 6.5-7
    - By grouping several membranes in series, within a tube we will obtain reconversions that can reach more than 40%. The feed rate of each membrane will be lower and of greater concentration than that of the previous one, so the first permeates 10%, the second 9% and so on.
    A membrane has three characteristic flows (pathways) in order of magnitude:
    a) Via 1 feed flow inlet (100%) at pressure higher than the osmotic.
    b) Via 2 concentrate flow outlet (90%) (Pressurized, in line with the feed), which in desalination processes is returned to the sea, through an emissary. In other applications, when looking to concentrate, this flow will be the object to look for.
    c) Route 3 more diluted flow outlet (10%) (Permeate) at low pressure (close to atmospheric), which will drain the well that is hollow.
    Therefore, a spiral membrane has three ways or ducts, one inlet and two outlets.
    With our invention, when executing a deep drilling on permeable coastal terrain, inside which we will install two other wells, we will cause the formation of three ducts, which we will interconnect to each of the three pathways of the membranes, creating the conditions for the osmosis process
    As this interconnection will be done by the bottom of the well, which is full of water, at the same level of the sea, we will get the pressure (1 bar for every 10m of water column), required for the reverse osmosis process.
    Track 1 will be connected to the drilling itself by its bottom, track 2 will connect to one of the wells and track 3 to the other.
    When entering the route 1, of feeding and the route 2, of concentrate (brine), interconnected, to
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    through the spiral winding of the membrane, both will form a system of communicating vessels and therefore have the same static level.
    To cause the flow, in this system, it will be enough to suction, by means of a motor pump submerged at a shallow depth in the brine well (track 2) to, by unevenness, cause the desired flow, between tracks 1 and 2, that longitudinally crosses the membrane, thus beginning the process of reverse osmosis, since as a result of the track 3 being connected to the third well, which is hollow and at atmospheric pressure, the permeate will flow into the third well, where a motor pump installed at its bottom will extract the permeate to the surface, for use.
    Our invention manages to create these working conditions, by means of the procedure described in the patent object from the execution of a perforation causing the feed flow to be due to the suction of the concentrated motor pump placed at a shallow depth of the mouth of one of the wells, taking advantage of the principle of communicating vessels.
    On the contrary, the permeate flow (lane 3) must be pumped from the bottom of the other well, absorbing in this process 90% of the total power demanded.
    Another embodiment of the same procedure, when circumstances so indicate, will be carried out at sea, taking advantage of the depth of the seabed and installing the two wells and the package of membranes suspended from a floating platform, anchored to the seabed.
    Therefore, the present procedure represents an innovation of constructive and functional characteristics unknown until now for the purpose for which it is intended, reasons that together with practical utility provide it with sufficient grounds to qualify for the privilege of exclusivity that is requested.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present report is attached, as an integral part thereof, a set of drawings in which for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, The following has been represented:
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    Figure 1.- It shows a section of a section of the tubular membrane along its longitudinal axis in which the direction of the three types of existing flows (paths) in which the following marks are appreciated are indicated with arrows.
    Mark 1- Represents the feed flow of raw water to be treated (100%) (track 1).
    Mark 2.-. It represents the outflow (90%) more concentrated salts, also called brine or rejection that will feed the next membrane to finally be returned to the sea through a marine emissary (track 2).
    Mark 3.- Shows the most diluted (permeate) outflow that passes through the membrane and flows through the central membrane manifold (track 3).
    Figure 2- It shows a general scheme of the procedure object of the patent in operation, in which the difference of the dynamic levels between the wells with the following marks and meaning can be appreciated.
    Mark 4- Represents the drilling of greater diameter, on solid ground on stable and permeable ground (preferred rock) where the other two wells will be installed. Each well will be interconnected to one of the three ways of the membrane.
    Specifically, the perforation (4) directly connects the feed flow to track 1 of the membrane as indicated by the arrows.
    Mark 5.- Represents the well of the concentrate with upward flow, as indicated by the arrows, its dynamic level slightly below the level of the perforation, because it is interconnected through track 2, after the flow has crossed the spiral of the membrane .
    Mark 6.- Represents the permeate well, connected through track 3 of the membrane, in which it is deposited (drained) without pressure inside the well, closed at its bottom, forming a permeate collection vessel, communicated by its upper part to the surface, to get a correct bleeding.
    Mark 7 - Represents the symbol of the motor pump submerged in the well (5) of concentrate, in charge of its extraction to the emissary. Its operation causes a decrease in the level
    inside the perforation that forces the flow, by way 1, through the membrane taking advantage of the principle of the communicating vessels.
    Mark 8.- Represents the motor pump symbol submerged in the well (6) of the permeate 5 responsible for extracting the product water to the surface, overcoming the load due to the depth.
    Mark 9.- Represents the package of membranes installed inside a tube in which the direction of the three flows is appreciated.
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    Figure 3, - Shows an elevation view of the floating platform, with its mooring cables and the two castles of which two wells (concentrate well + permeate well) 450 m deep articulate.
    Around each of the two wells, at its bottom, is the membrane package (9) 15 with their respective connections to each well (see enlarged bottom detail).
    At the bottom of each of the two permeate wells, the motor pump (8) for the extraction of the permeate that is mounted inverted is located to cause the extraction of the permeated water through two hoses (16) that run along the seabed until The coast to use.
    20 PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    The purpose of this specification is the procedure to dilute or concentrate solutions applied to water desalination processes, that is, to obtain the production of fresh water from sea or brackish water, using the reverse osmosis procedure with a lower energy demand and a lower environmental impact.
    The goal is to obtain the maximum possible permeate flow at the minimum energy cost, using the reverse osmosis procedure.
    30 We look for better quality than 350 ppm, in zero year with water at 22 ° C and salinity in the flow
    Input is 32,000 ppm.
    The well runs 30 days, leaving the static water level at 4m, coinciding with the level above the ground. The traversed lands are rocky, stable and in the first 10m of the drilling the diameter has been increased to 680 mm and they have been tubed and cemented. Distance to
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    The coast is 80m.
    During the development of the well by over pumping with motor pump aspiration placed at 440m, 300 m3 / h has been pumped, for 24 hours with a stabilized level drop to 1.7m, which proves a good transmissivity. The water came out clear and without turbidity, at a temperature of 22 ° C. During the last 24 hours, samples were taken for analysis every 2 hours. Dismantling the equipment is checked with caliber that there have been no landslides, the 650mm caliber passes to the bottom.
    Once the hydraulic behavior of the well is known and the flow-descent curve established, as well as the physical-chemical and biological water analysis data, the membrane package (9) is projected from the program: LG NANO H20 Q + V2. 3 until looking for the number and type of membrane that guarantees, the quality and quantity desired.
    From 8 inches, having 24 tubes, in four levels of six tubes per level and 5 membranes per LGSW440ES tube, we will make a package of membranes (9) that occupies a diameter that enters the perforation (4) with some clearance.
    We see that if we have 6 tubes of 5 membranes grouped around a central tube (brine collector) of 219mm in diameter, they will be inscribed in a diameter of 635mm, leaving a clearance of + 12.5mm that we consider appropriate.
    With this same arrangement, we will place three more groups to achieve the four levels of 6x5x4 = 120 membranes.
    The hydraulic data obtained during the development of the drilling (4) and the analyzes and temperatures we introduce in the Q + projection software program of NanoH202, of which we attach a summary of the data thrown, classified by track.
    Feed Flow (track 1) (provided by drilling)
    RO Feed flow 231 m3 / h Stage 1 Tubes 24 Elements 5
    Number of elements 120 ERD type: one
    TDS supply 31.999PM Osmotic pressure supply 22.92 bar 5 Temperature 22 ° C
    Supply pressure 44.35bar (contributed by the well suggestion)
    Concentrate Flow (track 2)
    10 Concentrate flow 148 m3 / h (contributed by the suction of the motor pump (7) of the concentrate well (5)
    Recovery 64.07%
    Osmotic pressure concentrated 35.69 bar
    Pressure drop 1.2 bar (loss through the membrane tube)
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    Permeate flow (lane 3)
    Permeate flow 83m3 / h (provided by the motor pump (8) of the well (6) of the permeate, hollow and at atmospheric pressure)
    20 Recovery 35.93%
    Permeate TDS 221 pm
    Thus, it is projected to group 6 tubes of five membranes, in series, connected to the common collector of concentrate by way 2 (brine), in a first level and a second grouping of equal 25 characteristics in a second level, a third grouping to a third level and finally a fourth grouping in a fourth level, thus totaling 24 tubes of 5 membranes, whose permeate collectors (track 3) converge in the permeate well (6), located at the bottom of the perforation (4).
    The brine pump (7) must pump 65% of the raw feed water 30 causing a decrease in the dynamic level, which compensates for the head losses caused by the transport of raw water flow through the drilling (4) (direction descending) plus that of a pack of membranes (9), plus the loss of upstream load of the brine, inside its well (5), to the pump (7) that will lead it to its discharge into the emissary.
    35 This loss of load will be appreciated by comparing the difference between dynamic levels
    between the drilling (4) and that of the brine well (5).
    Calculating an average transport speed of 0.3 m / s in the annular section between the perforation (4) and the larger diameter pipe, the load loss will be 3mca to which 5 the dynamic level decrease must be added measured in the development phase of the drilling (4), which will be approximately 1.7mca, so that the total head loss caused by the raw feedwater flow will be 4.7mca.
    10 The pressure loss obtained in the membrane package (9) (supply pressure-
    concentrate pressure) obtained from NanoH20 is 1.2 bar.
    These aggregate losses total 4.7 + 12.4 + 2.5 = 19.6mca
    15 The slope to which the submersion must be added by the motor pump (7) of brine
    (4m) to determine its minimum installation depth: 19.6 + 4 = 23.6 m.
    We adopt 30m as installation depth of the motor pump (7) of brine.
    20 To select the motor pump (7) we will consider this load (19.6) at which
    we will add the one caused in 30m of the supply pipe (10) to the 1.5m emissary, so that the height to be overcome by the motor pump will be 21.1m, the flow to be pumped 65% of the supply, that is, 0 , 65x231 = 150m3 / h, the required power being 18Kw.
    25 As the membranes are designed to permeate at atmospheric pressure or at very low
    pressure (> 1bar), it will be necessary to connect the permeate (track 3) with an area that is close to atmospheric pressure.
    To achieve this objective, we will connect a tube that will act as a vent with the bottom of the well (6), so that it is at atmospheric pressure.
    Inside this well (6), at its bottom we must install a motor pump (8) capable of extracting the entire volume of permeated water to the surface.
    35 The permeate flow rate will be 36% of that corresponding to food, ie:
    0.36x231 = 83.16m3 / h; taking into account that the permeate container is 440m deep.
    Therefore the power demanded by the osmosis procedure will be 5 18.5 + 132 = 150.5 / Kw necessary to obtain 83.16m3 / h of permeated water, with a ratio of
    specific power 150.5 / 83.16 = 1.809kw / m3.
    The maximum dimensions in diameter of the motor pumps condition the minimum diameter of the two wells to be installed inside the drilling.
    10
    However, the brine well (5) (concentrated) works with little differential pressure between its inner and outer walls and therefore is not subjected to large loads, despite the depth, except for its own weight plus that of the osmosis equipment .
    15 However, the permeate well (6), in addition to the loads described, being hollow and
    Atmospheric pressure, due to being submerged at 440m, is subjected to an external pressure that can cause it to collapse, therefore its thickness and strength of material should be duplex stainless steel with elastic limit 450N / mm2 calculated from a p = p * r / t = 44 * 30 / 0.6 = 2200 Kg / cm2., complying with a minimum thickness of 6mm in diameter 0.6m.
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    The thickness to adopt for the two parallel pipes that will physically form the two wells (5) and (6) to be installed inside the borehole (4) at 450m depth is 3mm in duplex quality, that is, the well (6 ) of permeate and the well (5) of concentrate will be of duplex tubes (270x3) joined by a single double flange in 12m sections, being the total weight of the equipment,
    25 including the osmosis plant, 23Tm dry and 20Tm when immersed in the well in the water.
    Another alternative would be to arrange the concentric tubes sharing the flanges that will have louvers to give separation and continuity.
    30
    The gantry and winch used for its assembly will be sized to lift 25 Tons.
    These calculations, sizing and procedures are valid in the event that the
    35 well (5) (brine) + well (6) (permeate) had to work on the seabed
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    suspended from floating platform (11) and installed in the two wells (5) and (6) and the package of membranes (9) suspended from two castles (13) are articulated by means of cardanic articulation.
    The floating platform (11) is anchored to the seabed by cables (12) that fix it to fixed anchors on the seabed.
    The permeate motor pump (8) works inverted to drive the permeated water through two hoses (16) that lead it along the seabed to the coast for use.
    In the unlikely event that the drilling (4) was done on an impermeable ground, giving rise to a dry well, near the sea, the mouth of the well will be communicated with the coast through a packet of filtering gravels, to feed drilling (4) with seawater and thus be able to perform the osmosis process following the principles and characteristics patented here.
    Describing sufficiently the nature and details of the present invention as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered to make the application more extensive so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages derived therefrom, stating that , within the specialty, it may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated, by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection sought, provided it is not altered, changed or modified Its fundamental principle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
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    1. - Procedure to dilute or concentrate solutions applied to water desalination processes, specifically seawater, by reverse osmosis, consisting of a perforation (4) in permeable coastal terrain, of about 450 meters, a well (5) of concentrate and another permeate well (6) both interiors, a package of membranes (9) in each well, a motor pump (7) and a motor pump (8), characterized by being made from drilling (4) in permeable coastal terrain, where once developed by over-pumping, inside said perforation (4) the two inner wells (5) and (6) will be installed, giving rise to three interconnected tracks or ducts through the bottom of their respective membrane packages (9) , arranged so that the feed flow, to the membranes, provided by the perforation (4) flows downwards, generating the use of the principle of the communicating vessels, by suction of a motor pump (7), installed at a shallow depth inside from the well (5) of the concentrate, with upward flow, pouring it into the marine emissary and the diluted (permeate) flow drains to the second well (6), hollow and at atmospheric pressure, where a motor pump (8) will extract it for use.
    [2]
    2. - Procedure for diluting or concentrating solutions applied to water desalination processes, specifically seawater, by reverse osmosis, according to claim one, characterized in that when the land crossed by the perforation (4) is not permeable, Seawater can be fed through the mouth of the hole (4) through a surface chamber with a filter bed connected to the sea. In these cases, the perforation (4) will be jacketed in all its depth, sealing it, to avoid water losses and unwanted contamination, installing the two wells (5) and (6) working inside it as described in the claim first.
    [3]
    3. - Procedure for diluting or concentrating solutions applied to water desalination processes, specifically seawater, by reverse osmosis, according to claim one, characterized in that the motor pump (7) is installed at a shallow depth in the well (5) for extraction of the concentrate, the motor pump (8) will be installed at the bottom of the well (6) to extract the permeate.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    US20180328006A1|2018-11-15|
    ES2671917B1|2019-03-21|
    AU2015394631B2|2021-07-01|
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    WO2016180993A8|2017-12-28|
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    引用文献:
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    JPH08108048A|1994-10-12|1996-04-30|Toray Ind Inc|Reverse osmosis separator and reverse osmosis separating method|
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    ES1070065Y|2008-12-04|2009-10-09|Florido Juan Reyes|MARINE WATER DESALATION AND PUMPING UNIT|
    CN101913716B|2010-07-20|2012-05-23|国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所|Small reverse osmosis seawater desalting system with energy reclaiming high-pressure pump|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/ES2015/070379|WO2016180993A1|2015-05-12|2015-05-12|Method and means for diluting or concentrating solutions, applied to processes for the desalination of water|
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