• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Safety and control equipment for lifting and lowering of material or operators, applicable in a wind turbine (1) with a tower (2) and a gondola (3). It comprises a guide line (5), taut between the gondola (3), in a position close to its access opening, and the tower (2), for example near a platform (6) arranged in the tower (2) , or the ground. The guide line (5) can be deployable from a coil (9) and comprise a bypass pulley. The safety and control procedure comprises arranging the guide line (5) taut between the nacelle (3) and the tower (2) or the ground, and slidingly connecting to the guide line (5) a carabiner (11) or similar carried by the operator, the crane (4) or the material to be hoisted or lowered. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2671048A1
    申请号:ES201631546
    申请日:2016-12-02
    公开日:2018-06-04
    发明作者:Álvaro MARTINEZ EZQUIETA
    申请人:Adwen Offshore SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    SAFETY AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT TO ENSURE THE DESCENT OF MATERIALS OR OPERATORS FOR AN AEROGENERATOR, AND AEROGENERATOR UNDERSTANDING THE EQUIPMENT
    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a safety and control equipment for hoisting and lowering of material or operators, applicable in aero generators, particularly for offshore wind turbines and a wind turbine comprising such safety and control equipment. It is therefore applicable in the field of construction and maintenance of wind turbines.
    STATE OF THE ART PRIOR TO THE INVENTION
    When performing maintenance, preventive or corrective operations, or when a wind turbine is finished installing, a crane is placed in the gondola through which the material and the operators are lifted or lowered. Likewise, in an emergency that requires evacuation, it is necessary that operators can descend quickly, controlled and safely from the gondola.
    However, as shown in Figure 1, there is the problem that wind conditions involve the risk that they can cause both the material and the operators to oscillate, increasing the risk of falling, hitting the tower, the blades or Similary. In the case of offshore wind turbines, the lifting and lowering must also be carried out to and from a lower platform of reduced dimensions arranged in the tower and accessible from the boats. Any risk of falling into the water of the material or of the operators should be prevented, as well as excessive deviations that prevent them from landing in a predetermined area such as a platform of reduced dimensions.
    Therefore, to solve this problem, it is necessary to have a simple, light and efficient equipment that allows lifting and lowering loads and people, from the gondola or a height of the wind turbine, in a safe and controlled way.
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    The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned problem by means of a safety and control equipment to ensure the descent of material or operators, applicable in a wind turbine, and a wind turbine comprising such equipment.
    The safety and control equipment to ensure the descent of material or operators, is applicable in a wind turbine with a tower and a gondola arranged at the top end of the tower, and is characterized in that it comprises a guide line, which in use position it is fixed by its first end to the gondola in a first fixation located in an upper position close to an access and / or evacuation opening of the gondola, and by its second end in a second lower fixation located in a lower position in the tower or on the ground, so that the guide line is tensioned between said first and said second fixation. At least one of the fastenings of the guide line to the gondola and the tower may comprise a joint.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the safety and control equipment comprises a pick-up coil of the guide line in which one of the ends of the guide line is anchored, at least a part of the guide line being wound up. in the coil when the guide line is in the collected position.
    The coil can be part of the first fixation fixed on the gondola in which case the first end of the guide line is anchored to the coil, while the second end of the guide line can have an anchor ballast in the second fixation.
    The safety and control equipment may further comprise a bypass pulley mounted on the gondola over which the guide line passes and in said position collected from the guide line is located at a vertical distance on the platform. In this case, the guide line is removable from the pulley, so that the guide line can remain in its position of use in which it is extended between the first and the second fixing point.
    When the wind turbine tower comprises a lower platform, the second end of the guide line, in use position, can be anchored to the tower in a position close and superior to the platform. Alternatively, also when the tower of
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    wind turbine comprises a lower platform, the second end of the guide line, in use position, can be anchored to a coil located in the platform.
    In an embodiment of the invention, the second fixation comprises a horizontal rail at the perimeter of the tower and an anchoring element that slides horizontally on the horizontal rail. In this case, the second end of the guide line is connected to the anchoring element. Alternatively, the coil may be fixed to the tower and the second end of the guide line may be anchored to the coil.
    The wind turbine according to the invention conventionally comprises a tower and a gondola disposed at the upper end of the tower, the gondola comprising an access and / or evacuation opening, and is characterized in that it comprises a safety and control equipment comprising one or more of the characteristics described above.
    As is clear from the foregoing, the invention is based on the deployment of a guide line between the access or evacuation opening of the gondola to a safe point near or in the tower, for example on a platform when it is a offshore wind turbine The guideline ensures that the evacuation descent occurs at the desired point, regardless of wind. This guideline also serves, if the evacuation opening is that of cargo access, to control the lifting and lowering of any material to the gondola. If necessary, several guide lines may be arranged.
    On the other hand, as this guideline does not support loads or serve for speed control, it can correspond to a simple and light equipment, which requires little or practically no maintenance, unlike other evacuation systems.
    The guide line will preferably be collected in a collection coil, either at the end fixed to the gondola or the tower. If the coil is located in the gondola, it is convenient to fix a ballast so that its deployment is more controlled, being able to have a bypass pulley to ensure the ballast falls on the platform. This pulley will be on the platform, while the guideline will be removable from the pulley.
    As the gondolas are usually adjustable on top of the tower, it is convenient to incorporate a system that allows the guideline to be maintained in conditions of use. A first option is to stop this orientation while maintenance is being performed, which is
    habitual. But if the guideline is permanently installed, it may be necessary that
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    its fixation to the tower allows its horizontal displacement, for example by means of a rail around the perimeter of the tower.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    For a better understanding of the invention, the following schematic figures are included:
    Figure 1: shows a schematic side view of a wind turbine according to the state of the art.
    Figure 2: shows a schematic side view of a wind turbine with a first embodiment of the safety and control equipment of the invention.
    Figure 3A, 3B, 3C: show schematic side views of a wind turbine with a second embodiment of the safety and control equipment of the invention, in three phases of its deployment.
    Figures 4A, 4B, 4C: show schematic side views of a wind turbine with a third embodiment of the safety and control equipment of the invention, in three phases of its deployment.
    These figures include reference signs that identify the following elements:
    1 wind turbine
    2 tower
    3 gondola
    3rd access and / or evacuation opening
    3b trapdoor
    4 crane
    4th crane cable
    5 guide line
    6 platform
    7 horizontal lane,
    8 ballast
    9 coil
    10 bypass pulley
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     eleven  carabiner
     12  bushing
     12th  Pallas
     13  operator
     13th  descender
     14  sea
     15th  first fixation
     15b  second fixation
     16  Connection
    EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    Next, an embodiment of the invention will be briefly described as an illustrative and non-limiting example thereof.
    The figures show wind turbines (1) of the type that has a vertical tower (2) and a gondola (3) with at least one access and / or evacuation opening (3a) sealed by a trapdoor (3b). In the gondola a hub (12) is mounted on which several blades (12a) are mounted. In the embodiments illustrated in the figures (see figures 4A-4C), the gondola (3) has a crane (4) and / or rescue device with a cable (4a) that allows lifting or lowering material or people to or from the gondola (3) on which the invention will be applied.
    The safety and control equipment comprises a guide line (5) formed by a safety cable or rope, resistant to weight and preferably also to moisture and other weather conditions of the installation point. Preferably it will not conduct electricity. The material and shape of the guideline (5) is not relevant as long as it meets the conditions set.
    This guide line (5) will be fixed at its ends respectively by a first fixation (15a) and a second fixation (15b) between the gondola (3) and a point of the tower (2) or the ground from where the hoisted and the descent. These fixings (15a, 15b) will be resistant, being able to comprise an articulation (not shown in the figures) to allow rotation along the longitudinal axis of the guide line (5), facilitating it to accommodate the vibration. Fixing (15a) to the gondola (3) will be carried out at a point near its access and / or evacuation opening (3a) for the passage of people and material.
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    In the case of an offshore wind turbine (1), such as that of figures 2, 3 and 4, the fixing (15b) to the tower (2) must be carried out close to the docking platform (6) of the maintenance vessels . In this way, the operators (13a) can be on the platform (6), safe from the action of the waves of the sea (14) to carry out the lifting of material or people, and any descent is automatically guided to that position. For this, the fixing (15b) will preferably be somewhat higher than the platform (6).
    When the guide line (5) is installed at all times, its fixation to the tower (2) should comprise a tracking system, such as a horizontal rail (7) in which the second fixing (15b) of the guide line, so that the guide line (5) follows the yaw movement (yavJ) of the gondola (3). On the other hand, if the guideline (5) is deployable, the rail (7) will not be necessary if that movement of the gondola (3) is blocked or limited while the guideline (5) is in the deployed position.
    The guide line (5) can be fixed, as shown in Figure 2, or be deployable as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
    In figure 3, an embodiment is shown in which the guide line (5) is retained in an upper position (figure 3A). The second end of the guide line (5) comprises a ballast (8) which, in the position of use of the equipment, will be fixed by the second fixation (15b) to the tower (2) or to the ground. The equipment also includes a coil (9) for the collection and preservation of the guidance line (5). The coil (9) will be located close to the access and / or evacuation opening (3a) of the gondola (3), either inside or out. When it is desired to use, because there is a risk of having to evacuate urgently, the ballast (8) (figure 3B) is lowered and the tower (2) (figure 3C) is fixed to the platform (6).
    More precisely, in the embodiment of this figure 3 the guide line (5) is deflected by a bypass pulley (10), close to the tower (2). In this way the descent of the ballast (8) will always be on the platform (6) located at the base of the tower (2). The pulley (10) can be configured so that the guide line (5) can exit it when it reaches its position of use, or it can be mounted on a mobile car that travels along the gondola (3), or similar, to be able to reposition everything in the starting position.
    Figure 4 shows another method of deploying the guide line (5), in which case the
    Pickup coil (9) is at the base of the tower (2). In this case, the placement of the line
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    guide (5) is carried out by means of the crane (4) whose cable (4a) hooks with the first end of the guide line (5) by means of a connection (16), so that the collection of the cable (4a) of The crane (4) raises the first end of the guide line (5) fixed to the gondola (3). Therefore, in this embodiment, the first measure when performing operations on the gondola 5 (3) will be the fixing of the guide line (5) that can be used to evacuate personnel.
    In figure 2 the guide line (5) in use is schematically represented. In this case, in the evacuation of an operator, he will use an automatic descender (13a), which is not part of the invention, there are several commercial descenders such as those marketed by PSA AG that can be seen on the website http://ingenieria.tesicnor.com/wpccategories/descensores. The safety harness or the descender (13a) of the operator (13) will comprise a carabiner (11), a zip-line car or another similar system compatible with the guide line (5). Once the descender (13a) is connected, it will hook its carabiner (11) to the guide line (5) and start the descent. Under these 15 conditions, the guideline (5) ensures that the operator will reach the ground at the point
    desired, for example on the platform (6). In addition, the wind will not affect its trajectory, so there is no risk of it hitting the tower (2).
    If the guide line (5) is used to raise or lower material, the crane (4) or the material 20 itself will comprise an element similar to the carabiner (11).
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    1- Safety and control equipment to ensure the descent of material or operators (13), applicable in a wind turbine (1) with a tower (2) and a gondola (3) arranged at the top end of the tower (2), characterized in that it comprises a guide line (5), which in its position of use is fixed at its first end to the gondola (3) in a first fixation (15a) located in an upper position close to an access and / or evacuation opening (3a) of the gondola (3), and at its second end in a second lower fixing (15b) located a lower position in the tower (2) or on the ground, so that the guide line
    (5) is tensioned between said first fixation (15a) and said second fixation (15b).
    2- Safety and control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a coil (9) for collecting the guide line (5) in which one of the ends of the guide line (5) is anchored, being at least a part of the guide line (5) wound in the coil (9) when the guide line (5) is in the collected position.
    3- Safety and control equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the coil (9) is part of the first fixation (15a) fixed to the gondola (3) and the first end of the guide line (5) is anchored to the coil (9), and because the second end (15b) of the guide line (5) has a ballast (8) immobilizable in the second fixing (15b).
    4- Safety and control equipment according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises a bypass pulley (10) mounted on the gondola (3) over which the guide line (5) passes and in said position collected from The guide line (5) is located at a vertical distance on a platform (6) in the lower position of the tower (2), and because the guide line (5) is removable from the pulley (10).
    5- Safety and control equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, when the wind turbine tower (2) comprises a platform
    (6) lower, the second end of the guide line (5), in use position, is anchored to the tower (2) in a position close to the tower (2) and superior to the platform (6).
    6- Safety and control equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the tower (2) of the wind turbine (1) comprises a lower platform (6), the second end of the guide line (5), in the position of use, is anchored to a coil (9) located on the platform (6).
    7- Safety and control equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second fixing (15b) comprises a horizontal rail (7) on the perimeter of the tower (2) and is configured as an anchoring element that slips
    5 horizontally in the horizontal rail (7), the second end of the guide line (5) being connected to the anchoring element.
    8- Safety and control equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the coil (9) is fixed to the tower (2) and the second end of the guide line (5) is anchored to the
    10 coil (9).
    9. Safety and control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the fixings (15a, 15b) of the guide line (5) to the gondola (3) and the tower (2) comprises an articulation.
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    10- Wind turbine (1) comprising a tower (2) and a gondola (3) arranged at the upper end of the tower (2) comprising the gondola (3) an access and / or evacuation opening (3a), characterized in that It comprises a safety and control equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2671048B1|2019-04-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2537103T3|2004-08-02|2015-06-02|Senvion Se|Rescue capsule for wind power plants|
    US20110140060A1|2010-11-29|2011-06-16|General Electric Company|System and method for locating a maintenance device approximate an area of interest of a wind turbine|
    US20150136522A1|2012-05-21|2015-05-21|Uwe Bergmann|Rescue Method and Rescue Apparatus|
    EP3077667A1|2013-11-29|2016-10-12|Vestas Wind Systems A/S|Emergency system|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201631546A|ES2671048B1|2016-12-02|2016-12-02|SAFETY AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT TO ENSURE THE DESCENT OF MATERIAL OR OPERATORS FOR A WIND TURBINE, AND A WATERTIGER THAT COMPRISES THE EQUIPMENT|ES201631546A| ES2671048B1|2016-12-02|2016-12-02|SAFETY AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT TO ENSURE THE DESCENT OF MATERIAL OR OPERATORS FOR A WIND TURBINE, AND A WATERTIGER THAT COMPRISES THE EQUIPMENT|
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