• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    It is a modeling paste composed of paper fiber, liquid binder, cementitious powder and water, modelable, non-toxic and easy to handle. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2668419A1
    申请号:ES201600982
    申请日:2016-11-17
    公开日:2018-05-18
    发明作者:Dámian DE TORRES DOMINGUEZ；Carlos Morán Rodríguez
    申请人:Universidad de La Laguna；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    MOUSSEMACHÉ. Model paste consisting of paper fiber, liquid binder, cementitious powder, foaming material, water, and microbubble air, non-toxic and easy to handle.
    s OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    Plastic modeling material. Light and resistant.
    10 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    fifteen The search for modeling plastic materials, which once dried at room temperature can be used as a final sculptural material and that have optimal mechanical properties, has aroused since ancient times the concern among artists and artisans.
    twenty Obtaining a complex modeling paste, economical and non-toxic has been an aspiration of manufacturers and craftsmen for use in sculptural expression. This persecuted material must have sufficient durability and resistance to constitute in itself a final material that brings the commented qualities to the work of art made.
    25 The papier mache (or chewed paper) is a material resulting from the combination of two main components: paper and binder. However, there are many variations that, according to the characteristics and proportions of these components. confer to the resulting pass various properties and therefore many applications.
    30 The material object of the present invention is a putty which is conferred plastic properties that allow its modeling, is the result of a homogeneous mixture of the main components and is used to obtain sculptural objects through modeling or molding.
    35 The papier-mâché technique produces, as a result, a patterned paper pulp, a technique quite different from the letterhead, which uses dry paper pieces of different sizes, joined together by an adhesive to form objects. or the decoupage. in which printed papers or fabrics are used to glue on various supports.
    40 4S Its application throughout history has numerous references in Europe from the SXIII. The parties of Corpus Christi. who celebrate the exaltation of the Eucharist, date back to the Peninsula around 1250, as well as in the rest of Europe. The popular tradition of giants and big heads. With dwarves and representations of beastly animals that accompany much of the profane and historical religious celebrations, it has a good representation throughout the geography of our country.
    On the island of La Palma, they appear for the first time in the island capital, Santa Cruz de La Palma, also known as Villa del Apuron in the Synod Constitutions of Vazquez de Arce in 1515.
    With techniques derived from the role as prime subjects, the popular "dwarfs of the Isla de la Palma" are performed, as well as masks that represent giants, big heads and other traditional figures of peninsular towns and cities, which satirize popular characters of the time, with the intention to distract and make people laugh.
    As for paper-derived applications, those based on cellulose materials are known, such as paper, cardboard, cardboard, cardboard-stone, paper agglomerates and the like based on cellulose, in which different uses are claimed, such as, for example, Funeral urns, or for the use of different modular supports, at the height of children, representing characters, animals, objects (trees, fountains, aquariums, carousel ...) or any other form.
    Many plastic materials have characteristics that conflict with aspects and values that are very important in terms of handling, strength and durability, especially when we want to use them as an intermediate step towards works in materials of high strength and durability such as bronzes.
    So far the papier-mâché has not been considered as the final material for works of art of great importance or of great artistic value. Traditionally, different "formulas" are cited for the production of paper mache.
    The present invention has superior mechanical strength advantages; greater lightness; and plasticity suitable for molding. The characteristics that make it different from paper mache and other similar materials are:
    1. -In the first place the combination and proportion of components result in a material that, in fresh, has an optimum plasticity from the point of view of its manipulation for the elaboration of objects by means of cold manual techniques such as molding for the realization of reliefs and all kinds of three-dimensional shapes. It can also be modeled directly. This material allows its industrial processing through injection and extrusion techniques (by continuous flow with pressure on a mold to give it the desired shape).
    2.-The material described in this invention can be mechanically worked in fresh obtaining three-dimensional shapes of thicknesses less than 3 mm. homogeneous and uniform, both by manual process and with the help of mechanical molds without requiring great pressure to give it the desired shape
    4 '(Figure 1).
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    s It is a modeling paste composed of paper fiber, liquid binder, cementitious powder, foaming material, water, and microbubble air, non-toxic and easy to handle.
    10 The cementitious powder (in solution) fills the interstices left by the mixture of cellulose and glue, finally by means of a mechanical whipping process air is incorporated into tiny bubbles, resulting in a very light and resistant complex material that allows both its molding to industrial application (according to the proportions between the indicated margins); or a plastic material, optimal for artistic expression in applications of fine arts, crafts and DIY.
    1s The treatment of cellulose fibers is based on a process of hydrating the paper with water as well as a certain process of mixing and mixing it with the liquid binder, the cementitious powder and the foaming agent.
    twenty This paste can be worked at room temperature and time is available, depending on its formulation, between 10 minutes and several hours, before drying and hardening.
    25 Furthermore, the setting (process characterized by drying and hardening of material) does not require applying any type of product, although it is always possible to modify its initial properties by accelerators or retarders, nor does it require the use of toxic substances as solvents; preservatives, or catalytic products in gas or in liquid that require special handling.
    30 It therefore has safety features or low toxicity, depending on the liquid adhesive used, so it can be handled indoors and does not require special ventilation.
    35 Both in its possible molding and demoulding it does not require special products or solvents, being able to use basic materials such as soap or petroleum jelly, and even a film-like material to prevent it from adhering to the mold.
    40 As an additional advantage, it can be manipulated (manually shaped) to give applications or expressions of an artistic type or related to the fine arts or crafts.
    Four. Five The material is capable of admitting different types of supplements that improve the specific properties sought. In the case of looking for a greater resistance of mechanical type, it can be provided with different types of reinforcements, whether they are metallic in the form of a mesh or metallic filaments; as of flexible materials of polymeric mesh type, or even fiberglass, among many others.
    New layers of the same product can be applied to the material by accumulation (among which some new material such as sheet; mesh; etc) can be introduced resulting in complex sandwich materials with superior elastic or resilient properties. New materials or layers can also be applied although the first layer is already hardened, which facilitates the formation by molding of complex parts.
    In order to obtain comparable results, numerous tests have been carried out on parts obtained with dimensional homogeneity, carried out by means of a duralumin mold (Figure 1). After their subsequent drying and setting process, they were subjected to compression resistance tests, and through the study of their stress-strain behavior, in order to measure and compare their mechanical characteristics.
    The pieces of the material object of this patent, in the form of a spherical shell 3 mm thick (Figure 1, C), in comparison with the patterns of identical size obtained from the traditional mixtures of glue and cellulose fiber that make up the papier-mâché , have resulted in a resistance that, on average, exceeds 327%.
    From graphs (figure 2), the typical strain-resistance behavior of the material claimed here is observed. In it we see that after a slight initial deformation (for accommodation of the piece) the deformation effort curve is quite linear and homogeneous in its behavior until reaching the breaking point (at more than 460 kp) and having suffered a deformation of only 5 mm .
    The average resistance result has been obtained in the range of values (components and percentage thereof) that are referenced in the claims. In a timely manner, the resistance obtained has exceeded by 412% the average resistance value of traditional paper mache.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    Plastic compound made from the following composition: 21% (by weight) of paper fiber; 32% (by weight) of liquid agglutinate; 30% (by weight) cement powder; 1% emulsifier and 16% (by weight) of water. The participation in weight of the air incorporated in small bubbles is negligible. The treatment of the paper fiber is based on a process of hydration with water as well as a certain process of beating and mixing it with the vinyl glue and the cementitious powder.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1. Representation of the mold formed by an upper part (A) and a lower part (8) used to obtain parts (e) of the product of the
    5 present invention used for mechanical strength tests
    Figure 2. Representation of the stress-resistant stress behavior exerted on the piece in which the force has been measured in kp. and deformation in mm. Figure 3. Representation of a piece made in the mold described in the
    Figure 1 and detail of its porous structure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Face material raised by a mixture of:-Fiber paper (in variable proportion between 17% to 25%). Has been employed
    a commercial ecological paper and has been submerged in water for 8 hours at
    ambient temperature (20 OC) to partially eliminate by dissolution
    some of its additives, such as adhesives and bleach. Subsequently, excess water has been removed by manual compression until it reaches a
    paste that maintains the shape that is given with the fingers.- Liquid binder of the type of vinyl glue that does not give off gases or odorsof the authorized type for crafts in schools (in proportionbetween 30% and 35%).
    - Powder sealant, as commercial cement (in proportion comprised
    between 25% and 35%).-Water (in proportion between 10% and 20%).-Spuffling (in proportion between e11% and 3%).
    [2]
    2. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, which allows manual manipulation or shaping during a range of
    time (according to its formulation) between 10 minutes and 120 minutes
    before hardening at room temperature, so it is suitable for applications or expressions of an artistic type or related to the fine arts or
    the handcrafts.
    [3]
    3. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, characterized by low toxicity emissions, whereby
    It can be handled in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces.
    [4]
    4. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, which by itself achieves the curing process spontaneously without
    need for additives The use of accelerators or setting retarders
    Hardening will modify the natural process.
    [5]
    5. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, which allows obtaining three-dimensional pieces by the method
    of molding.
    [6]
    6. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, which includes meshes inside; or metallic filaments; or polymeric meshes; or glass fibers to provide it with greater mechanical resistance.
    [7]
    7. Material characterized by a mixture described in claim 1, formed by the addition of several layers thereof, which intercalates between said
    layers, materials such as sheets; or meshes, to form materials
    4; complexes with high mechanical properties.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2668419B2|2018-09-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2000034805A|1998-07-17|2000-02-02|Michito Fukazawa|Spacer for reinforcing bar and manufacture of the same|
    DE102010012503A1|2010-03-24|2011-09-29|Hans-Willi Babka|Plaster composition, useful for building purposes, comprises materials of e.g. cement or lime as binder, fillers, such as e.g. sand or bentonite, additive, acid and leavening agent comprising e.g. sodium- and/or ammonium hydrogen carbonate|
    CN104973882A|2015-06-25|2015-10-14|北新集团建材股份有限公司|Preparation method of paper-surface gypsum board|
    法律状态:
    2018-09-06| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2668419 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20180906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600982A|ES2668419B2|2016-11-17|2016-11-17|Model paste consisting of paper fiber, liquid binder, cementitious powder, and water, modelable, non-toxic and easy to handle|ES201600982A| ES2668419B2|2016-11-17|2016-11-17|Model paste consisting of paper fiber, liquid binder, cementitious powder, and water, modelable, non-toxic and easy to handle|
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