• 专利附录
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  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    Method and 3D printing system for the additive manufacturing of objects. The method comprises the three-dimensional design of at least one series of 3D models of objects to be manufactured and the sizing of said objects to consume the same predetermined quantity, or multiples and combinations of a limited range of quantities, of input material in the manufacture of each of them in a 3D printing system and the generation with a machine code of some files for the automatic manufacture of any selected 3D model, using one or several product containers, which contain the amount of material suitable for the object to manufacture. The invention also includes a 3D printing system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2661895A1
    申请号:ES201600818
    申请日:2016-09-29
    公开日:2018-04-04
    发明作者:Jesús Eladio Muñiz Ordieres
    申请人:Maknessprint S L；Maknessprint SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3D printing method and system for additive manufacturing of objects.
    Object of the invention.
    The invention relates to a method for the additive manufacture of objects, by depositing a contribution material in superimposed layers, until obtaining the three-dimensional shape of the object to be manufactured, and to a 3D printing system for manufacturing according to said method.
    The method of this invention has characteristics oriented to allow the additive manufacturing of different objects, specifically created, so that the user can manufacture any one of said objects in an additive manufacturing system with a predetermined quantity, or multiples and combinations of a range bounded by quantities, of contribution material, using a container or a combination of two containers containing pre-established amounts of contribution material.
    Background of the invention
    In the current state of the art there are multiple additive manufacturing systems, by means of 3D printing, which allow objects to be created by depositing layer material, conveniently extruded, until the desired geometry is achieved.
    There are multiple ways to provide the contribution material, but the most widespread technique today is to have said contribution material in the form of a filament or thread wound in large coils. To make any object, one end of said thread is introduced into a hot extruder that melts it and expels it in small quantities through a horizontally moving nozzle describing paths that define the geometry of each layer or section of the object to be created. When a layer is finished, the nozzle ascends a small preset height and begins to describe another horizontal layer on the previous one depositing more contribution material. The process is repeated until the creation of the object is completed. Once the object is manufactured, the filament of the extruder's contribution material is extracted and the excess material is stored or discarded.
    The most widespread contribution materials today are plastics (ABS, PLA, methacrylate, etc.), flexible rubber, metals and ceramics.
    Some examples of additive manufacturing systems can be seen in documents ES2444021 A1, where metal or ceramic is melted to make objects by superimposing layers of the extruded material by a nozzle, document ES 2469093 T3, where sheet material is melted and melted and dosed describing the geometry to be manufactured, or US14209372A 1, where the contribution material is mainly plastic in the form of a filament that melts and is deposited in layers that solidify on top of each other at room temperature.
    This background shares a problem of dimensioning of the contribution material with which the objects are manufactured, since in said manufacturing systems the contribution material is supplied in large rolls or coils of contribution material in the form of a single filament or thread Color or mechanical properties. This means that the user must store the surplus for future use and, if he wants to create objects of different colors or materials, he must have a large number of coils of different colors or properties. In addition, it is very difficult to know if once part of a coil of input material has been consumed after manufacturing one or more objects, there will be sufficient material in said coil to manufacture a new object, since the exact amount of remaining material is unknown .
    A solution to this problem is described in the patent application of invention ES2575587 A 1 of the same applicant, referring to a batch additive manufacturing system. Said solution consists in providing containers of contribution material with different quantities of material and each one calculated for the manufacture of a specific object; contemplating in said invention that the containers of contribution material for the manufacture of a
    specifically object also incorporate the information or data necessary for the manufacture of said object without human intervention.
    With this solution, the amount of material in a specific container and the information contained therein are specific for the manufacture of a specific object, facilitating the manufacture by the user and preventing the contribution material from being scarce or surplus.
    The solution proposed in this background satisfactorily solves the problem posed; however, it has some logistical and manufacturing problems, since each product container is specific for the manufacture of a single object, since it contains both the amount of material, the specific information or data for the manufacture of said object in concrete in a 3D printing system. This requires that the manufacturer have in stock a large number of containers with different amounts of input material, practically with as many quantities of material as objects available for manufacturing.
    Therefore, the technical problem that arises is the development of a method for the additive manufacture of objects that, while maintaining the advantages of the aforementioned antecedent in regard to the use of containers with a quantity of product suitable for the purpose of manufacturing, allow to significantly reduce the number of containers with different quantities of material, reducing for example to three the quantities of material in the containers.
    Description of the invention
    With the present invention, it is intended to effectively solve the exposed problem, optimizing the size of printing material and adjusting it to the objects to be manufactured, so that there is no lack or excess of material in the manufacture of said objects . Thus, each object can be manufactured from a different material and it is not necessary to control whether the material is used up in the middle of printing or if once the manufacturing is finished there is a surplus of unusable material.
    A 3D printing system is also provided that allows the container material or containers mounted in the system to be fed automatically to respective extruder heads,
    As regards the manufacturing method, the proposed solution consists in establishing concrete and finite quantities of printing material for the printing of any object. For example: three possible sizes: small, medium and large, and arrange it in containers.
    The models that can be manufactured, which together we understand as a model repository, are designed and sized so that the quantity of manufacturing material needed for each of them is exactly that of a container or that of two product containers. That is, the models are designed with the material needed to manufacture them in mind. This limits the possible configurations of the 3D printing system, allowing to automate the printing process.
    In the same print, more than one product container can be combined, for example, using a 3D printing system with double extruder head. This allows combining sizes and colors, greatly increasing the spectrum of possible sizes.
    To achieve the proposed objectives, the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
    a) the three-dimensional design of at least a series of 3D models of objects to be manufactured and the dimensioning of said objects to consume the same predetermined quantity, or multiples and combinations of a limited range of quantities, of contribution material in the manufacture of each one of them in a 3D printing system;
    b) the generation with a machine code and for each 3D model, of manufacturing files suitable for manufacturing 'automatically, in the 3D printing system, of any selected 3D model.
    c) the storage of the available 3D models and the manufacturing files of said 3D models, on a web server;
    d) the selection, among the series of 3D models stored on the web server, of the object to be manufactured;
    e) the manufacture of contribution product containers, with quantities of product suitable for the manufacture of any of the objects of a series of models that require the same predetermined quantity of material for their manufacture;
    f) the insertion into a 3D printing system of one, or several contribution product containers, containing the amount of material suitable for the object to be manufactured and;
    g) the start of the 3D printing system; and the realization by said system of: the automatic downloading of the web of the printing parameters of the piece to be manufactured, the automatic insertion of the printing material from the container to be used in the printing system, and the deposit of successive layers of material until finished manufacturing the object.
    The design of the 3D objects) thinking about the amount of material they need for their manufacture, allows to limit the possible configurations of the 3D printing system (having only certain quantities of containers printing material) and can automatically automate the automatic configuration of the 3D printing system (so the end user should not configure anything).
    This method allows you to automate the configuration of a 3D printing system by offering a catalog of predefined 3D models that are designed to consume a certain amount of print material; for example: three sizes (small, medium and large) and combinations of them (small + small; large + medium; large + large; etc ...).
    The generation of the files with the configurations with the machine code associated with each 3D model and its storage in a web server, provides a
    great added value and prevents the user from knowing how to program and configure the printer to make a model successfully. Thus, when the user wishes to print an object, the size of the product container necessary to use to perform that object is detailed; several containers of material can be combined, sequentially (first one and then another when a single extruder head is available) or in parallel (one on each extruder head printing both at the same time).
    It should be mentioned that both the product container and the printing system can be of the type mentioned in patent ES2575587 A1 of the same holder; comprising a filament carrier container of printing material, wound inside it and so that the filament end to be inserted in the extruder head of the printer, protrudes from the same container, to be automatically inserted into the corresponding extruder head of the 3D printing system, without the need for human intervention.
    In order to make an additive manufacturing according to the method indicated above, the use of a printing system · 30 is provided, which has:
    wireless connectivity, type Wifi, Bluetooth, Infrared or similar, to receive print files in machine code,
    one or two material extrusion heads (to be able to insert two capsules at the same time);
    a device quot; after coolingquot; or post-cooling of the printing base, so that the user can remove the object as soon as possible and,
    - a passive device for automatic insertion of material that takes advantage of an initial movement of the extruder head, prior to the start of printing, to automate the process of inserting the impression material from the container into the extruder head of the 3D printer.
    This passive device for automatic insertion of the material presents constructive particulars aimed at automatically introducing and without human intervention the end of the input material contained in the reels, taking advantage of the movement that they initially perform, and automatically the extruder heads of printing material to take a coordinate origin, and start printing without accumulating displacement errors from previous impressions.
    This coordinate origin is usually located in a corner of the zone of displacement of the extruder heads and is delimited by limit switches, which are operated by the extruder heads themselves.
    The use of this movement of the extruder heads to the origin of coordinates so that this system automatically inserts the contribution material into the extruder heads, avoids the use of external drives that require programming and energy consumption.
    Said passive device for automatic insertion of material comprises at least:
    a support base of at least one material container, the base of which is attachable to the extruder head of the printing machine and comprises: a funnel for embedding the filament of the container in the corresponding extruder head;
    a sliding trigger that moves between an inoperative position and an operating position when the extruder head moves to a coordinate origin and contacts a fixed wall; said trigger causing the rotation of each material filament container from an inoperative position to a filament feed position to the corresponding extruder head;
    rotating parts that hold the material containers and rotate when the sliding trigger is operated, causing the capsule to rotate and the filament to enter, through the funnel the corresponding extruder head and;
    a fixing element of the sliding trigger and the containers in an operative position of filament feed to the corresponding extruder head until the printing is finished.
    The sliding trigger is provided with grooves for the rotary actuation of the rotating parts that hold the material containers.
    In one embodiment, the passive device for automatic insertion of the material comprises: an upper groove for rotation in a 90 ° quadrant and in a certain direction of the rotating support part of one of the containers; a lower groove to cause rotation in another quadrant of 90 ° and in the opposite direction of the rotating support piece of another of the containers and a spring that by default leaves it in position "; outstanding"; that is, at its point of Maximum possible travel.
    The reason for the rotation of the rotating parts in two opposite directions is that the filament of the material containers always comes out of the same side of the container, and the holes of the extruder heads are very close and therefore an inverted container must be inserted and must turn backwards than the other.
    The containers are initially vacuum packed allowing the preservation of the printing material in optimal conditions until use.
    In said containers the end of the filament of material is on the outside, attached to the wall of the container by means of a fusible seal, for example perforated adhesive paper, which keeps it initially attached to the container; so that when the container is placed on the insertion system and the container begins to rotate, the filament begins to move away from the wall and ends up breaking the fuse seal, which allows maintaining an optimal insertion angle: Description of the drawings
    To better understand the object of the present invention, a preferred form of practical embodiment is represented in the drawings herein,
    susceptible to any future modification that does not distort its basis, as an illustrative and non-limiting example.
    - Figure 1 shows a schematic elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the 3D printing system according to the invention, and in which the passive material feeding device and the containers carrying said material are in an inoperative position.
    - Figure 2 shows an analogous view to the previous one, in which one of the transparent and dashed line containers has been represented to allow observation in inoperative position of the fixing element responsible for retaining the sliding trigger and the material containers in An operational position.
    - Figure 3 shows a view analogous to Figure 1 in which the fixing element of the passive feeding device has been represented in an operative position, contacting against a stop of the printing system located at the origin of coordinates and in which both The containers as the fixing element are in an operative position.
    - Figure 4 shows a view analogous to Figure 2 with the fixing element of the feeding device in operative position, retaining the containers and the fixing element in operative position.
    - Figure 5 shows a profile view of the passive feeding device in which the parallel arrangement of the two material containers can be observed
    Preferred practical embodiment of the invention
    A printing system (1) for the additive manufacturing of 3D objects has been schematically represented in Figure 1, by means of the contribution in this case to two extruder heads (2) of a filament-shaped material (41) which is wound inside two containers (4).
    As is known in the state of the art, the extruder heads (2) are displaced in a controlled manner in three perpendicular axes during 3D printing, to deposit the material in successive layers and shape the object to be obtained.
    The printing system (1) comprises in this embodiment a 3D printer with wireless connectivity (WIfi, Bluetooth, Infrared or the like) to receive print files in machine code; two extruder heads (2) of material; a post-cooling device of the printing base (not shown) and a passive device (3) for automatic insertion, in the corresponding extruder head (2) of the 3D printing system, of the filament (41) of printing material from inside the corresponding container (4).
    Said passive device (3) for inserting the filaments (41) of material, coming from the containers (4), into the extruder heads (2) comprises:
    a base (31) for supporting the material containers (4), whose base
    (31) is attachable to the extruder head (2) of the printing system (1) and comprises: a funnel (32) for embedding each filament (41) of material in the corresponding extruder head (2);
    a sliding trigger (5) that moves between an inoperative position represented in figures 1 and 2, and an operating position, represented in figures 3 and 4, when the extruder head (2) moves to an origin of coordinates and contacts against a fixed wall (11) that is part of the printer frame, said trigger (5) causing the rotation of each container (4) from an inoperative position to a filament feed position (41) to the corresponding extruder head (2) );
    rotating parts (6) that hold the containers (4) and turn when the sliding trigger (5) is actuated, causing the container (4) to rotate and the filament inlet (41), through the funnel (32) in the corresponding extruder head (2) and;
    a fixing element (7) of the sliding trigger (5) and the containers (4) in an operative position, represented in figures 3, 4 and 5, of filament feed (4) to the corresponding extruder head (2).
    5 As can be seen in figures 2 and 4, the trigger (5) is provided with grooves (51, 52) for rotating operation, in opposite directions and of a certain amplitude, of the rotating parts (6) that hold the containers (4) of material, when said trigger (5) contacts the fixed wall (11) of the origin of coordinates and passes from the inoperative position (Fig. 1 and 2) to the operative position (Fig. 3, 4 and 5 ).
    In the invention it is provided that the material containers (4) are initially vacuum packed for the preservation of the print material, rolled inside, in optimal conditions until use.
    Initially one end of the filament (41) is arranged outside the container (4), attached to the wall of the container (4) with a seal (42) as shown in Figure 1.
    When the containers (4) are placed on the insertion device (3) and rotate
    20 said containers towards an operative position by the action of the trigger (5), the filament (41) is automatically introduced into the corresponding extruder head
    (2) and is pulled by the feeding of the printing system (1), causing its distance from the wall of the corresponding container (4), with the consequent rupture of the seal (42).
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. Method for additive manufacturing of objects; characterized in that it comprises:
    a) the three-dimensional design of at least a series of 3D models of objects to be manufactured and the dimensioning of said objects to consume the same predetermined quantity, or multiples and combinations of a limited range of quantities, of contribution material in the manufacture of each one of them in a 3D printing system;
    b) the generation with a machine code and for each 3D model, of manufacturing files suitable for manufacturing · automatically, in the 3D printing system, of any selected 3D model.
    c) the storage of the available 3D models and the manufacturing files of said 3D models, on a web server;
    d) the selection, among the series of 3D models stored on the web server, of the object to be manufactured;
    e) the manufacture of contribution product containers, with adequate product quantities for the manufacture of any of the objects of a series of models that require the same predetermined quantity, or multiples and combinations of a limited range of quantities, of material for its manufacture;
    f) the insertion into a 3D printing system of one, or several contribution product containers, containing the amount of material suitable for the object to be manufactured and;
    g) the start of the 3D printing system; and the realization by said system of: the automatic downloading of the web of the printing parameters of the piece to be manufactured, the automatic insertion of the printing material of the container to be used
    in the printing system, and the deposit of successive layers of material until the object is finished manufacturing.
    [2]
    2.-3D printing system for the additive manufacturing of objects according to the method of claim 1, said printer comprising: wireless connectivity, to receive print files in machine code; at least one extruder head (2) of material; a post-cooling device for printing base, and a passive device (3) for automatic insertion, in the corresponding extruder head (2) of the 3D printing system of a filament (41) of print material wound inside of a container (4) characterized in that said passive device (3) is automatically inserted comprises:
    a support base (31) of at least one container (4) of material, whose base (31) is attachable to the extruder head (2) of the printing system (1) and comprises: a funnel (32) for embedding the filament (41) of container material (4) in the corresponding extruder head (2);
    a sliding trigger (5) that moves between an inoperative position and an operating position when the extruder head (2) moves to a coordinate origin and contacts a fixed wall (11); said trigger (5) causing the rotation of each container (4) from an inoperative position to a filament feed position (41) to the corresponding extruder head (2);
    rotating parts (6) that hold the containers (4) and turn when the sliding trigger (5) is actuated, causing the container (4) to rotate and the filament inlet (41), through the funnel (32) in the corresponding extruder head (2); Y
    a fixing element (7) of the sliding trigger (5) and the containers (4) in an operative position of filament feed (4) to the corresponding extruder head (2).
    [3]
    3. Printing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the trigger (5) is provided with grooves (51, 52) for the rotary drive, in
    opposite directions and of a certain amplitude, of the rotating parts (6) that hold the containers (4) of material.
    [4]
    4.-Printing system; according to claim 1, characterized in that the 5 containers (4) of material are initially vacuum packed.
    [5]
    5.-Printing system; according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the filament (41) is arranged outside the container (4), attached to the wall of the container (4) with a seal (42) that breaks when it is
    10 places the container on the insertion system, said container (4) begins to rotate towards an operative position and the filament (41) is pulled by the feeding of the printing system (1).
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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