• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Composite material for making stone figures and procedure for obtaining them. Material composed of a mixture of textile materials, PVC, fiberglass, resins, solid and liquid silicones, latex and silica sand, calcareous sand, marble or any other mineral material of similar performance, through which it is possible to configure a laminar material whose characteristics allow it to be arranged on figures of any kind, thus endowing them with an exterior appearance that imitates the stone. It is made up of the following layers: flexible base, coalescing layer, mineral powder or granulate, sealant primer, optional color layer. The layers that are arranged superimposed on the base material to which it is desired to give the stone appearance adhere and providing the surface finish with the characteristics of appearance and mechanical properties of each of them. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2659313A1
    申请号:ES201600811
    申请日:2016-09-14
    公开日:2018-03-14
    发明作者:Rafaél GALVEZ CASAS
    申请人:Rafaél GALVEZ CASAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention consists of a new material composed of a mixture of textile materials, PVC, fiberglass, resins, solid and liquid silicones, latex and silica sand, calcareous sand, marble, or any other mineral material of similar performance, by means of which is possible to configure a sheet material whose characteristics allow it to be arranged on figures of any kind thus giving them an external appearance that mimics the stone, regardless of the material in which they are made.
    More specifically, the covering material that is pre-cut is composed of a series of layers that are superimposed on the base material to which the stone appearance is desired, so that they adhere and provide the surface finish with the characteristics of appearance and mechanical properties of each of them. The set of layers described above acquires thicknesses ranging from 1 mm to the desired one without limitation. SCOPE
    The application of the present invention will be framed within a wide variety of industries, its use being possible for ornamentation, such as coating of building materials, manufacture of small objects, sculptures, interior and exterior furniture, etc.
    BACKGROUND
    It is known by the owner of the present report the existence of very different covering materials to provide a base with a certain external appearance. Within this area, on the one hand we differentiate rigid materials, used especially in construction for finishing facades and the like, which by their nature cannot be applied to irregular surfaces. On the other hand, we find flexible materials such as paints, lacquers, resins and the like that can be applied to surfaces of all kinds.
    When trying to provide an irregular surface with a stony appearance, it is common to use the obvious solution of applying a layer of stone material (sand, fine gravel or similar) on a layer of adhesive material that acts as a binder between the surface to be coated and stone covering material.
    However, this solution has an important series of drawbacks, such as the fact that once the adhesive material has dried, it loses its elastic properties, resulting in cracks and an evident fragility of the surface that soon deteriorates. This inconvenience is maximized in the case that it is a question of performing some kind of mechanical process on the finished piece (as would be the case, for example, of a manufacturing chain in which on the finished piece it will be necessary to make a cut or die cut to separate it and remove the item for packaging). Likewise, in the case where the base consists of a flexible element (a cardboard sheet, for example), the covering material will not be able to resist the movements of the base without cracking, thus deteriorating its appearance.
    The appearance of a covering material that can be arranged on any type of surface is therefore desirable, providing characteristics of mechanical strength, flexibility and adaptation to the base that enable a durable and resistant finish.
    On the other hand, the solution mentioned above does not allow work on the stone surface itself, so that the covering material is limited to covering a previously made geometry, thus presenting an important limitation when it comes to achieving a realistic imitation of the stone material. A covering material with a resistance and flexibility such that it allows to perform engraving tasks on itself without cracking will allow to confer a much more realistic aspect and thus improve the appearance [bad of the executed piece.
    All the materials used for the composition of the present composite material are widely known, each of which is used in many different types of industries. However, no reference is known regarding the joint use that is recommended herein. Therefore, within the state of the art known to the holders of the present specification, although there are products of this type whose compositions include some of the components contained in the invention, none of them include all of them or apply a similar procedure for obtaining it, and it can therefore be noted that no other invention is known that has similar characteristics to those shown here. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
    The present invention consists of a composite sheet material which is configured from a series of layers, which are listed below being named from the lowest (the one in contact with the surface to be covered) towards the outermost:
    a) Flexible base
    b) Coaligant layer, which may or may not be incorporated, depending on the material that
    concerned, a fiberglass based reinforcement
    c) Mineral powder or granulate
    d) Sealant primer
    e) Optional polychrome layer
    f) Final finish
    Thus, each of the layers of the material will be responsible for providing the final set of certain characteristics according to their particular properties. The initial flexible base will have the mission of providing elasticity to the rest of the layers, so that torsion movements are possible on the final material without causing cracks or deformations.
    For its part, the coalition layer will act as a support for the mineral layer, which will in turn be responsible for providing the stone aspect to the whole. Finally, the sealant primer will be configured as a protective layer that will prevent the penetration of moisture by capillarity in the mineral layer as well as possible landslides of mineral grains.
    The configuration of layers that has been described can be carried out by means of different combined materials, always respecting said laminar structure, depending on the desired final result, being able to adapt the different components to the requirements of necessary mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance.
    The material manufacturing procedure will consist of the following steps:
    a) Layout of the flexible base on a metal mold, which will go
    previously coated with a non-stick layer to facilitate the
    unmold back
    b) Flexible base layout
    c) Arrangement of the layer of coalinating material
    d) Pouring of powdered or granulated ore
    e) Removal of excess material, by vibrating the mold or
    similar procedure
    1) Sealant primer layer layout
    g) Air dried
    h) Unmold i) Color coat application
    The flexible base will be composed of a flexible material that can be an impermeable textile material, which provides adequate support to the top layer and at the same time provides elastic deformability to the whole. Thus, said flexible layer may consist of non-woven textile, PVC or silicone sheets. The silicone sheet will have the particularity in addition to that it can act as a coalescing material if it is arranged in liquid or semi-liquid form in the mold.
    The coaligant layer will generally consist of a paste of water paste, mainly made up of natural resins together with a series of additives that facilitate its workability, which will be covered by a layer of fiberglass reinforcement. In the particular case of being a silicone layer that is disposed in liquid or serniliquid form said fiberglass layer will not be necessary, as the silicone provides sufficient strength and flexibility.
    The mineral used will be any silica sand, calcareous sand, marble or any other stone material that is likely to become dust or fine gravel.
    The sealant primer, meanwhile, will consist of a mixture of white glue with water, which may incorporate latex to provide extra elasticity to the bond between grains of ore. Primers that include rubber will also be suitable for the indicated function.
    The polychrome can be done by screen printing, sublimation, printing or any other traditional means for these tasks, offering the final product the option of both manual application and polychrome application through industrial techniques, given its strength and flexibility characteristics.
    DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT
    The present invention is illustrated by the following examples of embodiment, with its representation not intended to limit its scope in any case, either partially or totally:
    The following is a first example provided for the realization of the material in order to constitute a sheet material indicated for the coating of decorative pieces that will not require special conditions of resistance to heat or humidity.
    The composition of this particular example will be as follows:
    a) Nonwoven textile baseb) Paste of water paste
    15 c) Fiberglass d) Mineral powder or granulate e) Mixing sealant base based on emulsion and glue polymers
    white plus a part of latex f) Optional color layer 20 While the specific manufacturing procedure will consist of the following steps:
    a) A layer of impennable felt is arranged, extending it in a rectangular 30x50 cm stainless steel mold.
    b) A layer of putty putty is poured into the water, 2 mm thick, and a 30x50 cm fiberglass sheet is placed on it.
    30 c) The assembly is then smoothed with a smooth wetted paddle to prevent it from adhering to the fiberglass.
    d) Mannoline of medium size 0.05 mm is poured on the adhesive side of the fiberglass, pouring it directly from a container, pouring it in excess and eliminating the excess by repeatedly hitting the tray until checking that it does not come off more material
    e) The material is marked with a mold. In the present example, the mold will consist of the repetition of a border that will later be cut to configure a series of identical pieces.
    f) The primer is applied, consisting of Ii4 of a liter of sealant base, 1 liter of water and 1/16 of a liter white glue with latex, pouring the mixture in excess, so that puddles form in the most basic parts of the engraving made previously with the mold.
    g) Drying
    h) Unmold
    i) Polychrome
    For special temperature resistance requirements, such as the case of coating lamps, some of the components can be varied so that they provide adequate resistance to high temperatures as well as flame retardant properties.
    In this case, the composition of the material would be:
    a) High heat resistance PVC sheet.
    b) Paste of water paste (layer between 1 and 3 mm thick)
    c) Fiberglassd) Mineral powder or granulate
    e) Mixing sealant base based on emulsion polymers and white glue with latex
    f) Polychrome
    Thus, the manufacturing procedure may be the following for this case
    particular: a) A layer of high heat resistance PVC, 0.5 mm thick, is arranged, extending it into a rectangular 30x50 cm stainless steel mold.
    b) A layer of putty putty is poured into the water, 2 mm thick, and a 30x50 cm fiberglass sheet is placed on it, leaving the adhesive side up.
    c) The assembly is then smoothed with a smooth wetted palette to prevent it from adhering to the fiberglass.
    d) 0.05 mm medium-sized marble is poured onto the adhesive side of the fiberglass, pouring it directly from a container, pouring it too much and removing the excess by repeatedly hitting the tray until it is clear that it does not come off more material
    e) The material is marked with a mold.
    f) The primer is applied, consisting of ~ liter of sealant base, 1 liter of water and 1/16 of white glue with latex, pouring the mixture into
    too much, so that puddles are found in the lower parts of the
    Engraving done previously with the mold.
    g) Air dried for 24 hours. h) Unmold i) Polychromed Finally, in the case of special requirements of resistance against
    In humidity, as could be the case of the interior coating of an aquarium, the composition will be varied again:
    a) Liquid silicone foil with additives for resistance against fungal and mold foaming. In this particular case this sheet acts as a base and as a coaligant, not needing fiberglass reinforcement.
    b) Mineral powder or granulate
    c) Mixing sealant base based on emulsion polymers and white glue (in this case the addition of latex is not necessary since it has been proven that the silicone sheet provides sufficient elasticity to the assembly).
    d) Polychrome
    and the manufacturing process:
    a) A layer of liquid silicone with anti-mold additives, 3 mm thick, is arranged in a 30x50 cm rectangular stainless steel mold.
    b) Mannoline of medium size 0.05 mm is poured onto the silicone, pouring it directly from a container, pouring it too much and removing the excess by repeatedly hitting the tray until checking that no more material is released.
    c) The material is marked with a mold.
    d) The primer is applied, consisting of y.¡ of a liter of base primer and 1 liter of water, pouring the mixture in excess, so that puddles form in the lower parts of the engraving made previously with the mold.
    e) Air dried for 24 hours.
    f) Unmold
    In all cases, air drying can be replaced by the use of a drying tunnel, operating at a temperature of 200 ° C, which allows the manufacturing process to be streamlined.
    Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to broaden its explanation so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages derived therefrom, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES ASPECT FIGURES, characterized in that it is composed of the following layers:
    to. Flexible base
    b. Coaligant Cloak
    C. Powdered or granulated ore
    d. Sealant primer
    and. Optional color layer
    where the flexible base may consist of nonwoven textile, PVC or silicone sheets; The mineral used will be any silica sand, calcareous sand, marble, or any other stone material that is likely to become dust or fine gravel; and the sealant primer will consist of a mixture of white glue with water.
    [2]
    2. COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF PÉTREO ASPECT FIGURES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the co-bilayer layer will consist of a paste of water paste, formed mainly by resins which will be covered by a fiberglass reinforcing layer.
    [3]
    3. COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES ASPECT FIGURES, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the sealant primer layer incorporates latex and / or rubber in its composition.
    [4]
    Four. COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES APPEARANCE FIGURES, according to claim 4, characterized in that the sealant primer layer is composed by volume of Y4 of liter of sealant base, 1 liter of water and 1/16 of white glue with latex
    [5]
    5. COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES ASPECT FIGURES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of coalescing material has a minimum thickness of 1 mm.
    [6]
    6. PRODUCTION FOR MANUFACTURE OF THE MATERIAL OF RENINDICATIONS 1 to 5 characterized in that it is composed of the following stages:
    a) Arrangement of the flexible base on a metal mold, which will be previously coated with a non-stick layer to facilitate subsequent demolding.
    b) Layout of the flexible base c) Layout of the layer of coalescing material d) Pouring of the powdered or granulated ore e) Removal of excess material, by vibrating the mold or
    similar proceduref) Sealant primer layer layoutg) Dryingh) Unmoldi) Color application
    [7]
    7. PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES ASPECT FIGURES according to claim 6, characterized in that the drying is carried out in the air, for a minimum period of 24 hours.
    [8]
    8. PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF STONES ASPECT FIGURES according to claim 6, characterized in that the drying is carried out in a drying tunnel, said drying being carried out at a temperature of 200 ° C.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2659313B1|2018-12-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS61143133A|1984-12-17|1986-06-30|Takiron Co|Resin concrete molded shape having stone-like pattern and manufacture thereof|
    JPH07266528A|1994-03-31|1995-10-17|Toppan Printing Co Ltd|Production of decorative wallpaper|
    ES2148027A1|1997-04-15|2000-10-01|Maquinaria Jumilla S L|Building roof stamped steel based construction element includes a fungicidal and fire resistant coating on intermediate epoxy polyester and e.g. marble layers|
    ES2270387T3|2003-09-29|2007-04-01|Dario Toncelli|PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF IRON OR PLATE TYPE ITEMS AND ITEMS OF THE IRON OR PLATE TYPE THAT CAN BE OBTAINED BY MEANS OF THIS PROCEDURE.|
    法律状态:
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    ES201600811A|ES2659313B1|2016-09-14|2016-09-14|Composite material for making stone figures and procedure for obtaining them|ES201600811A| ES2659313B1|2016-09-14|2016-09-14|Composite material for making stone figures and procedure for obtaining them|
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