Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates (Machine-translation by Google Translate

专利摘要:
Opto-thermal system for lighting devices with heat dissipating elements, mainly for LED radiation sources with passive heat sinks, based on the implementation in two different configurations, parallel or "floating source", of one or several two-dimensional decks with flat faces, straight or bent, thermally conductive, by phase change or thermal conduction, which directly transmit the heat generated by the radiation source, which is in a central region of the system, in thermal contact with a central area of the plate or in the Union of plates, towards peripheral regions, by contact of the flat faces of the plates with the fins, radiators or other flat faces of the body of the implantation device. This system improves the dissipation of heat and the use of space in the devices that make it up, and if it is configured as a floating source, it makes possible an optical-reflective assembly where all the radiation from the source is reflected and controlled by the reflector.
公开号:ES2657338A2
申请号:ES201631151
申请日:2016-09-02
公开日:2018-03-02
发明作者:Lucas GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ
申请人:Eidopia S L；Eidopia SL；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

DESCRIPTION
Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates.
 5
An opto-thermal system to be applied to lighting devices with heat dissipating elements, mainly passive for LED radiation sources, based on the implementation of one or more two-dimensional plates, with essentially flat faces, thermally, is presented and claimed conductors by phase change or thermal conduction, which directly transmit the heat generated by the radiation source, which is located in a central region of the system, in thermal contact with a central area of the plate or at the junction of plates, towards peripheral regions of the system, by contact of the flat faces of the plates with the fins, radiators or other flat faces of the body of the implantation device.
 fifteen
The referred thermal plates can be integrated into the system in two different configurations with respect to the main radiation direction of the radiation source: in parallel configuration, where the radiation direction of the source is parallel to the normal direction of the plate in the region thermal contact; or in “floating source” configuration, where it is perpendicular. twenty

The present invention offers as main advantages, substantially improving heat dissipation in the LED devices that integrate it, simplifying the number of system components, without the need for specific components for dissipation and others for the system body, maximizing the use of the interior space, and in the case of the configuration in floating source, used in combination with a suitable reflector, to enable a reflective optical assembly in which all the radiation of the source is reflected and controlled by the reflector.

SCOPE. 30

The recommended system can be framed within the LED lighting devices or other radiation source characterized by heat dissipation systems, to improve the protection of the source against thermal deterioration, but also within the devices characterized by providing means for improvement of the efficiency and optical control thereof, finding application in the general lighting sector, whether it be store lighting, spectacular lighting, architectural, theatrical, sports, industrial, exterior, street lamps, with symmetrical and asymmetric reflectors, flashlights,
wall sconces, projectors, lamps, downlights and gimbal lights, injectors / couplers of fiber optic radiation, front for medicine or mining, and in automotive, applied to the headlights of vehicles.

The system can also be integrated as part of two-way and unidirectional communication systems 5, infrared emission (IR) heaters, UV radiation applications for curing epoxies and other materials, 2D and 3D printing, lithography, disinfection applications, debugging and activation of chemical processes by radiation, as well as directional communication or detection systems, static or dynamic imaging system, photo-curing systems for industry, 10 as well as the growth of plants in horticulture, among others.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.

The continuous development of LED technology (light emitting diode) in the lighting industry has motivated the conception of new optical and thermal systems associated with this light source that make it possible to improve its performance.

From the thermal point of view, this light source requires heat dissipation systems to avoid overheating of the LED and ensure its correct operation. twenty

Currently, the most common strategy for heat dissipation of the LED is carried out through the use of passive heat radiators consisting of a solid base, usually of aluminum, in direct contact with the board (PCB) where the LED or LEDs are located , with fins or pillars (pin-fins) that favor the thermal transfer of heat to the environment by convection (Figure 1 and 2). In many cases, these fins are covered by a housing for aesthetic reasons, making heat dissipation difficult.

Due to the large volume and weight that the heatsink occupies, in addition to thermal reasons, the power supply is normally connected externally, although it can also be integrated into the product body itself.

In some cases, active thermal systems are also used, highlighting those based on fans, vibrating membrane systems, or other systems by active pumping of liquid refrigerant. 35
Somewhat more minority, and originally developed for dissipation in power electronics in military, aerospace, and later applications for
Microprocessors and graphics cards are also used passive dissipation systems based on two-phase thermosiphon tubes, also known as heatpipes. These are essentially cylindrical tubes with a liquid inside and fully sealed in a closed circuit, which transmit heat effectively by evaporation, when heated by the radiation source. 5

Generally, current systems based on heatpipes transmit the heat generated in the LED only through its central zone, that is, in a trunk way along the core or internal region of the system. The transfer of heat from the inside to external regions of the system is done by thermally coupling a plurality of metal fins to these tubes, which release heat to the outside by convection, as shown in Figure 3 of the section on figures of the present report.

Normally these systems are conceived and designed as an independent and autonomous component, fragile and difficult to integrate into the global system: or they go into the air of the system, which makes them very vulnerable to external inclemency, or they are covered, reducing their outside heat dissipation capacity.

US20080007954, from Jia-Hao Li, claims a heat dissipation system 20 in which the body is an aluminum extrusion profile provided with semi-closed tubular gutters, with a horseshoe-shaped section, for longitudinally inserting the segments of heat pipe by phase change (heatpipes). The system is noticeably more robust and is more integrated than those referred to above, although in practice it has significant technical and industrialization difficulties, among which the complexity of inserting heatpipes through the tubular gutters of the aluminum profile and achieving a good thermal contact on the entire surface of the heatpipes, or thermally couple the LED plate, which has a flat base, with the heatpipes, which are tubes with curved faces. In addition, this solution requires that part of the heatpipe be left out of one of the ends of the body of the system, because the heatpipe itself makes a stop with the gutter (unless the gutters are opened more, damaging the contact and thermal transfer between heatpipe and body).

The present invention is similar to the aforementioned patent, since the heat generated is transferred from the innermost part of the system to the outermost region, although, in this case, heat transmitting plates with flat faces instead of tubes are proposed. , since it has been taken into account that LEDs and LED boards are components
with an intrinsically flat base. On the other hand, it is generally simpler, more precise and economical to produce pieces with flat surfaces than parts with curved surfaces. And, in addition, thermal contact between two flat surfaces is technically more efficient, and industrially easier to integrate.
 5
Therefore, the present invention seeks to provide a thermal solution based on two-dimensional thermal plates coupled to the essentially flat faces of the external body of the system, more integrated in the global system, which substantially improves the use of the system volume and heat transfer to the outside, making products more compact, simpler, more powerful, with a greater capacity of 10 heat dissipation and, moreover, cheaper.

On the other hand, from the optical point of view, the demand in the market for lighting and automotive optics that have less glare, greater light control and more directional and / or narrow and efficient light beams, is a reality hardly achievable with current technologies for the following reasons.

A conventional reflector optical system does not allow full control of the light coming from the LED, since part of it escapes through the reflector's own opening without interacting with it, causing less light control and annoying glare.

Unlike a classic reflector system, an ideal lens system allows full control of light, since all light can interact with the lens (or lens system). However, it has two important inherent difficulties: i) The lenses do not allow the passage of all the light when passing through it, as there is a proportion of unwanted reflections in each transition of radiation between media. These reflections produce optical losses and uncontrolled light, which also causes annoying glare; ii) in addition, the greater the control of the light or very narrow and directional light beams are required, for geometric reasons, and since the light source has a specific dimension, the larger the lens size must be, which Generally, they must be solid to optimize the optical performance. Therefore, efficient systems with narrow beams require essentially solid lenses of large dimensions, which makes the manufacturing process and the feasibility of application difficult, since it implies significant costs of the component (the injection of solid plastic materials with variable thicknesses is complex with the current technologies, partly because of the difficulty of controlling the spatial thermal gradient in the process of
cooling of the injected material) and its raw material, in addition to the corresponding weight of the material. That is why today, given the dimensions and flows of the LEDs, there is hardly a competitive solution for beam lighting with a very small angular aperture.
 5
The search for optical solutions that improve these technical difficulties of dispersion, glare, optical losses and unwanted radiation control, has led to propose alternative methods based on laser technology, such as the manufacturer of the BMW automotive industry, although it does not improve completely these problems and, today, it substantially increases costs. 10

Currently, in applications where a very collimated beam is required, such as theatrical or spectacular lighting, optical systems are used that block (block) part of the radiated light, which reduces efficiency and increases the heat of the system.
 fifteen
An optical configuration in which the radiation source is placed in front of a reflector so that all the light interacts with the reflector has a priori several advantages over the other solutions on the market, since there is complete light control without dispersion. We will call this configuration a floating source configuration and it is characterized by having excellent light control and adequate glare-free visual comfort.

Its implementation, in practice, is not trivial; It is a technical and industrial challenge for optical, thermal and mechanical issues. The greatest difficulty is that any element that allows positioning and cooling the light source in this configuration is capable of blocking the light and negatively disturbing the distribution and efficiency of the system. In addition, this disturbance causes, in turn, an absorption of radiation that increases the difficulty of cooling the system.

There have been several attempts in the market that try to give approximate solutions to the floating source configuration. Among them, the one offered by the MEGAMAN company stands out, according to a technology essentially described in the ES2365031 patent, which consists of a reflector split by one or several “solid” walls of a conductive material, such as aluminum, as seen in the Figure 4. An LED light source is located on each side. 35

It is noteworthy that, in this existing solution, the LEDs radiate "parallel" to the surface of the wall, so that approximately half of the light emitted by the source does not interact with the reflector. In this way, to avoid glare, a cap is added which is intended to block this radiation coming directly from the source. The addition of this cap causes a significant decrease in efficiency 5 (in the same way as the historic halogen lamp AR111). In addition, despite the incorporation of this blocking cap, for geometric reasons, it is not possible to prevent part of the light coming from the source from leaving the system without interacting with the reflector, causing annoying glare and uncontrolled light.
 10
Unlike the aforementioned system corresponding to patent ES2365031, the system object of the present invention allows the light source to "float" and face the reflector, so that the light of the LED source radiates "perpendicular" to the surface of the plate. In this way, all the light interacts with the reflector, without the need for any additional element that blocks the light, and without any glare. Therefore, the present object of the invention has a markedly greater optical efficiency and light control. In addition, it is not based on conducting the LED heat through solid metal plates where one of its major vertices is directly connected to the central part of a dissipation body. On the contrary, it is based, preferably, on a significantly more complex dissipation technology, 20 based on two-dimensional hollow plates of heat (heatplate), where the heat is extracted from the source by the change of phase from liquid state to gaseous state that it suffers a liquid in airtight chambers of the heat plate and at low pressure.

It should be noted that the thermal conductivity of aluminum and copper, typical of the heat transfer on which the ES2365031 patent is based, is a maximum of 209 W / (mK) or 385 W / mK, respectively, while the conductivity The thermal temperature of a heat plate of the present invention can reach 10 000 W / (mK). These high thermal conductivities have an essential impact on the configuration of the system, since they allow the radiation source and the thermal heat plate to be "floating", without the need for any of its sides or major vertices being essentially in direct contact. with the system body, and without the need to cut the reflector, so that the source can be optimally positioned.

On the other hand, some attempts have been proposed that make an approach to the floating source configuration by adding a two-phase thermosiphon tube (heatpipe), such as the systems of HUIZHOU LIGHT ENGINE LTD and
CREE, collected in Spanish patent ES2399 387, with its US version US20090290349, and US20100103678.

Patent US20090290349 essentially proposes an initial configuration corresponding to a cylindrical heat pipe by phase change that is thermally coupled to the outer ring perimetral to the outlet of the reflector. Since this heat pipe has an inadequate shape, with curved surfaces it is not easy to implement a good thermal transfer to the main body of the system, which weakens its thermal dissipation efficiency.
 10
In this system, heat is poorly transferred from the heatpipe to the peripheral circular ring, since the ends of the heat pipe end up in a conical shape (due to the manufacturing process) in which there is hardly any thermal contact between the heatpipe and the other components, as shown in figure 5a, reducing heat conduction. fifteen

One of the advantages shown by the present invention is that almost all of the surface of the thermal plate in the peripheral region makes direct and integral contact, by means of flat faces, with the body of the system (Figure 13), which confers an advantage essential regarding existing solutions. twenty

In order to improve the difficulties of thermal transfer, the US20090290349 patent raises a plate-shaped coating with a "U" section, with flat faces, which allows, by means of tabs, to screw it to the base of the system body. However, this thermal coupling between the "round" heatpipe, the "flat" plate 25 and the body, illustrated in Figure 5b, is generally insufficient. In fact, as described in all its claims, the main heat transfer is carried out towards the surface ring corresponding to the perimeter edge of the outer mouth of the reflector and not to the system body itself. However, said ring has limited capabilities to transfer heat to the outside. 30

In addition, the referred system requires additional thermal elements such as coatings (102), which impair thermal transfer. On the other hand, the mechanical pressure exerted to ensure thermal coupling is performed only between the liner and the body, and not between the liner and the heatpipe. That is, the 35 critical surfaces that come into play in heat transfer have no mechanical pressure, so heat transfer is drastically reduced.
In conclusion, this type of system presents difficulties in the transfer of heat from the heat pipe to the rest of the system, essentially because thermally coupling a tube, with rounded surfaces and tapered ends, to the body, generally with flat walls, is mechanically more complex , less efficient and more expensive than attaching a flat plate to flat faces of the system body, which is one of the main bases 5 on which the present invention is based.

In fact, due to this essential technical difficulty, the holder of the patent ES2399387, the same as the commented patent US20090290349, renounces systems with a straight heatpipe, since this presents the technical problems already described regarding the poor heat transfer of the two-phase thermosiphon tube to the rest of the system: this patent only claims the particular case when the heat pipe has an “S” shape, which increases the contact surface of the heat pipe with the rest of the components, overcoming the problem described and providing technical viability to the system only with "S" heatpipes. fifteen

This result was also concluded after the aforementioned patent by the CREE company, according to its patent US20100103678, which raises only an “S” shaped heatpipe, which is, according to our knowledge, the only strategy proposed to date to ensure a good Heatpipe thermal coupling with the body of the 20 system in floating source configuration.

In the present invention a particular system is proposed in which two-dimensional thermal plates are integrated with flat faces coinciding with flat faces of the body of the system, which is an improvement with a nuclear repercussion with respect to the existing solutions in terms of construction, transfer thermal, optical efficiency and the costs of components and assembly of the industrial product.

This type of flat, two-dimensional thermal plates are in recent years, in the process of research, improvement and development, thanks to the demand for 30 portable electronic consumables such as smartphones, phablets or tablets, with greater computational capacity (more power density ), thinner, lighter and more efficient. It is worth noting the system presented by Fujitsu in March 2015, Semiconductor Thermal Measurement Modeling and Management Symposium 31 (SEMITHERM), in San José, California with a thickness of less than 1 mm thick and the ability to transfer 20W efficiently.

Therefore, the present invention allows an essentially new approach to an existing problem: the configuration in floating source, from the conception of a particular construction in which harmonically optical and thermal coexists, with the help of a two-dimensional thermal plate, that apparently seems a conceptually simple change with respect to the state of the art, but that offers a substantial improvement, with a real practical solution to a problem so far not solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates object of the present invention is formed as part of lighting devices with passive heat dissipating elements, consisting of the following components:

- A body with essentially flat faces, which can be made of extrusion, generally of aluminum, of cylindrical or square section, either a standardized profile 15 or a special profile for this purpose, although other types of sections with or are also valid without some symmetry, with the possibility of a subsequent machining process, or an injection body, such as from two halves that, once assembled, imprison the flat faces of the thermal plates, or a body of drawing, or notching, or manufactured by any other manufacturing process. 20 This body may have internal fins, with or without air inlet inside, external fins or both internal and external fins, or not carry fins, when the power of the light source and the body surface so permits.

- A radiation source or white LED light source, RGB, or / and another source of radiation outside the visible spectrum, including IR and / or UV radiation, which can incorporate one or more radiation sensors, so as to allow detection of changes or levels of spectral radiation in the spatial and angular region established by the optical subsystem and act accordingly, to provide extended functionalities such as activation / regulation of radiation through presence sensors or light sensors 30, detection and digital communication of information, or to adapt the radiation spectrum of the source according to the measured radiation.

- An optional optics to direct the light beam, consisting of a lens, micro-lens matrix and / or a reflector, surface or solid of transparent material, with 35 reflective surfaces - specular, semi-specular or white -, or reflectors based on transparent materials with micro-prismatic surfaces that reflect light by
total internal reflection, either through diffusers, or a hybrid system of the previous ones. The reflectors can have protective glass or an iron or transparent sheet at the light outlet.

- An optional anti-glare fence, which settles the light source and improves visual comfort.

- A feeding equipment inside or outside the body, for the radiation sources that require it, or an electronic feeding and / or control equipment governed by a microcontroller or a microprocessor; and 10

- An optional interconnectivity by means of a connection socket, such as Edison E27, E40, GU10, GU5.3, G53, or by means of an electrified rail connector, or any other type of socket or connector, standard or customized, which allow the connection to the mains, batteries or other power system to be used as a lamp, luminaire or radiant device in general.

The system being essentially characterized by integrating in the lighting devices provided with these described components, as in the particular and non-limiting case of LED lamps and luminaires, a two-dimensional flat face plate, 20 being able to be straight or be bent in various geometric shapes resulting in faces with developable surfaces (i.e., whose Gaussian curvature is zero since one of its main curvatures is zero), of a heat conducting material by phase change or by thermal conduction, or several of these plates joined together by its middle part, so that they directly transmit the heat generated by the source of radiation, which is located in a central region of the system, in thermal contact with a central point of the plate, or at the junction of plates, towards peripheral regions of the system by the ends of the plate or plates, along the back, anterior or both parts of the system, by solidary contact of the flat faces of the plates with the fins, radiators or other flat faces of the implantation body. 30

Such plates are described as two-dimensional plates because one of its three dimensions, its thickness, is much smaller, in approximately an order of magnitude, than its other two dimensions (length and width).
 35
While there may be a direct thermal connection between the plate or plates and the radiation source or the source PCB, it may have a U-folded shape to exert a
solidarity contact between its flat face and the flat faces of the thermal plate, the system can additionally include a thermally conductive base or platform by phase change or by thermal conduction attached to the plate or plate joint, which thermally connects them with The source of radiation.
 5
The system may also have one or several additional internal heat sinks or radiators in thermal contact with the plate or plates, on the side adjacent to the light source, on the back or on some side of the body of the lighting device, or a complementary active dissipation subsystem, for example, by integrating a Peltier cell between the platform, which is in contact with the thermal plate 10, and plate where the source is located, and / or integrating a fan or vibrating membranes that favor a flow of air to increase the transmission of heat to the environment.

The two-dimensional thermal plates integrating the system, and which are the essential component thereof, preferably consist of thermal plates by phase change, which confine within a very thin hollow structure, with one or several hermetically sealed cavities, a liquid, such as acetone or water, which absorb and transmit by evaporation the heat generated by the radiation source, although they can also be solid plates of a material with high thermal conductivity, metallic, ceramic, crystalline or other.

> Thermal plates by phase change.

The thermal plates by phase change developed for the purpose pursued are constituted by a hollow body of flat faces, with one or several cavities or hermetically sealed chambers supported by some supporting pillars, as many as required depending on the power dissipated, its width and pressure requirements. These chambers have an adequate internal pressure to favor the evaporation of the liquid that is confined in the working conditions, which absorbs and transmits the heat 30 by phase change along the extension of the plate.

An essential feature is the supports or pillars of its inner micro-structure that hold the outer flat faces. These allow very thin plates to withstand the internal suction pressure without deforming the faces of the plate due to the great vacuum of the chambers, while in a heat pipe it is not possible, therefore, despite having a surface thickness older, they do not possess this structural support, which makes
the required vacuum pressure, the surface combe and collapse in case of trying to give flatness and fineness to the heatpipe, as illustrated in figure 16a.

In addition, thanks to these internal structural supports, these plates allow flat faces with a thickness of very fine material, which can be 0.1 mm thick, in a way that allows, on the one hand, a better heat transfer, and on the other side, plates with a smaller thickness, which is also a substantial difference with conventional heat pipes, which have an essentially cylindrical surface with greater thicknesses, which complicates the thermal transfer and affects the optical performance in floating source configuration. 10

Also, since the mentioned plates can have as many supports as required, they allow modularity in the growth of their width according to the needs of the system, without significantly affecting the optical performance.
 fifteen
The following different manufacturing technologies have been fundamentally proposed for two-dimensional phase change plates, which are described below:

a) Phase change extrusion plates: constituted by extrusion profiles, generally of aluminum, with hollow and hermetic channels longitudinal to the extrusion direction 20, which favor the transfer of heat in said direction, mainly developed for heat exchangers and condensers in air conditioning applications and refrigerators in the automotive and industrial market.
 25
These extruded plates can be folded industrially both with respect to the flat faces and with respect to the edges of the plate. They can also be divided into two halves with independent cameras, closing the central part with a press stroke.

b) Laminated plates for phase change: consisting of a structure in 30 sandwich of two sheets or thermally conductive films, of different materials and textures, preferably of copper or aluminum (although other films, plastics or other materials are also valid, since that if they are thin enough, they conduct heat effectively), with an internal hollow cavity, hermetically sealed at its ends, or sealed by two other plastic outer films, such as PET, by a vacuum thermo-welded process, with several supports internal support structures that ensure the interior space of evaporation and condensation.
The inner faces of said conductive sheets or films that delineate the cavities of these plates can incorporate an internal material or structure that favors the transport of the liquid by capillarity, called a wick. Specifically, they can have a second layer of porous structure attached, which can be, for example, a copper mesh, copper metallic foam film, or the structure resulting from a sintered process of metallic powder, which, by capillarity, is soaked by the fluid and that acts as a wick.

It is also possible to achieve a similar effect that favors capillarity with a surface treatment of the inner face of the copper film (or other material), such as a textured, grooved or structured chemical, mechanical, electrical or laser.

This type of component is usually called heatspread when the two dimensions of the larger plate are similar. In the present invention the dimension that diametrically crosses the reflector is usually larger, so it could be called heatplate. fifteen

The internal channels of these thermal plates can be in closed loop and contain an internal structure that exerts a pressure difference (pumping pressure), by capillarity and geometry, sufficient to induce a flow of the circular liquid, without significantly involving the force of gravity (loop heatplate), or active elements such as a pump or similar, analogously to the aforementioned solution presented by FUJITSU at SEMITHERM 2015.

Like the extrusion thermal plates, this implementation also allows bending and making "U" shaped plates, for example, as integrated into the system 25 of Figure 21 and 23. In addition, the laminated thermal plates simplify the number of components when combining several plates into one, and developing more complex shapes, as shown in Figure 26.

All the thermal plates by phase change can have an internal division of the 30 channels for reasons of optimization of their operation under change of orientation of the system, since this is dependent on gravity. This division is generally carried out in the region of contact with the source, normally dividing the plate into two similar half-plates.
 35


> Solid plates.

As mentioned, the two-dimensional thermal plates integrated in the system can also be solid plates of materials with high thermal conductivity, whether of metallic materials, such as copper or aluminum, ceramics, or synthetic crystalline, partially crystalline or derived crystalline synthetic materials, for example, of carbon, such as diamond, graphite or carbon nano-tubes (at least periodic crystal in a spatial dimension).

These plates can also be a multilayer plate, formed by several layers or films, 10 such as those derived from graphite (pyrolitic graphite sheet) and other layers that allow their adhesion, or by a mixture (blend) of materials such as ABS, nylon, polycarbonate, silicones, with the contribution of some other material, such as graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, boron nitride (BN), aluminum nitride (AlN), or others.
 fifteen
The mechanical fastening of all these two-dimensional thermal plates with the body of the system can be done with screws, by sliding, by clips, clamped the plate with another supplementary piece, like a sheet also inserted in sliding, by a strap, by glue, adhesive or double-sided film, by magnetic pressure or by any other known method that ensures a convenient thermal contact.

Preferably, these plates have a metallic, black or white finish, although other finishes are also perfectly valid, including different finishes on the same plate. 25

Inside the thermal plates, one or more electronic plates or power and / or communication lines that feed and / or control the radiation source can coexist, or form part of the plate.
 30
All these plates can be presented in the implantation device according to two different configurations with respect to the main radiation direction of the light source: in "parallel configuration", where the main direction of the source radiation is parallel to the normal direction of the plate in the region of contact with the source, which favors an optimal heat transfer between the light source and the peripheral walls 35 of the system body, or, in perpendicular configuration, which we will call “floating source configuration”, in where the referred addresses are
perpendicular, which enables an essentially reflective optical system whereby all of the source radiation is reflected by the reflector, with good heat dissipation and good radiation control, minimizing light disturbance with the thermal system .
 5
> Parallel configuration.

In parallel configuration, the radiation source, which has a flat base, is integrally coupled to the flat face of the thermal plate, so that the radiation direction of the source is parallel to the normal one of the plate in the contact area between the 10 source and the plate.

Although these plates are generally symmetrical with a "U" shape, so that heat is transmitted to opposite sides of the body, typical of a symmetrical product, non-symmetrical plates are also possible, such as "L" shaped plates, which transmit heat 15 only along one side of the system body. Also, in the described system, "X" plates can be integrated, with a single laminated plate or with several plates, which increases the transfer on all the sides of the system body. In more complex systems, the plate can have ramifications to optimize heat transfer, according to the specific geometry and requirements. On the other hand, these plates can reach the back of the implantation device, which increases the heat dissipation capacity.

This configuration of the system allows the already mentioned incorporation of one or several additional heat radiators in solidary contact with the internal flat faces of the plate, both on the opposite side where the source of radiation is located, as on the lateral parts of the plate.

> Configuration in floating source.
 30
In this case of a floating source configuration, the radiation source is essentially suspended and held by one or more two-dimensional thermal plates so that all source emission radiation is made perpendicular to the faces of the plate in the region contact between the plate and the source, and interacts all with the optics, and so that the flat faces of the thermal plate 35 make solidarity contact with flat faces belonging to the body of the system. This construction maximizes thermal transfer to the outside and, thanks to the flat geometry
of the thermal plate, the interaction of the light reflected by a reflector with the thermal system is minimized, improving efficiency, light control and visual comfort.

In addition, the floating source configuration allows extremely narrow and focused light distributions with large reflectors with generally 5 paraboloid or elliptical surfaces, since all the light interacts with the reflector, which is relatively easy to industrialize.

In this configuration the plates are generally straight, although in more optimized constructions they can be curved, such as, for example, in the form of "U", or take more sophisticated forms. It also enables cross plate arrangements in the reflector.

In any case, the plate or plates can partially section or intersect the reflector, although the most common way is that they only intersect with the anti-glare fence 15, thermally connecting the source of radiation to the projector body.

Additionally, and as in the parallel configuration, a heat radiator can be integrated into the interior of the body connected to the thermal plate, in the opposite edge of the source, or longitudinally to the body.

The plates in this configuration in floating source can have radiation sources, or LEDs, of lateral emission whose base or electronic PCB board is integral with some of the faces of the plate as described in Figure 37. 25

The main optics can be constituted by a surface or volumetric reflector, where the surface can be metallized or prismatic. In cases where the optic is constituted by a dielectric material, such as PMMA, PC or silicone, it can be totally or partially embedded in the light source and / or the plate. 30

The curvature of the reflector can be designed to minimize the possible interaction of the light reflected by the reflector with the light source itself or its support, including the thermal plate.
 35
In order to pre-adapt the light that subsequently affects the main optics, to optimize efficiency, protect the source and / or to shield the possible optical leaks of
direct radiation, the plates can support an additional optics close to the radiation source, such as a mini-lens or a mini-reflector.

On the other hand, due to the particular opto-thermal characteristics of the floating source configuration, it is possible to establish a ventilation opening in the central region 5 of the reflector so as to allow an air flow (or of the ambient gas or liquid - if it is in a submerged environment-) that favors the thermal transfer and cooling of the system. It is avoided that from any point contained in the radiant surface of the source the aforementioned opening can be visible, since it is shielded by a reflector plate that redirects the light properly. 10

Likewise, it is also possible to allow an air flow between an anti-glare and optical fence, so as to increase heat transfer to the environment.

The light radiation distributions can be modified or redistributed in a controlled manner by inserting additional optical components such as a lens, a Fresnel lens, a matrix of micro-lenses. Likewise, it is possible to incorporate a flat plate of glass or other material such as methacrylate or polycarbonate into the light outlet to protect the system. These elements can also be incorporated just before the anti-glare fence and allow to provide well-defined patterns, such as oval, linear, or square patterns, among others.

The light beam can also be manipulated by axially moving optical elements, by axial displacement of the reflector, the platform, the plate, the lens or micro-lens matrix, as described below by drawings 25 in the embodiment.

In a novel way, a flexible reflector or a flexible lens is also proposed which, by means of pressure or mechanical traction, is deformed conveniently to change the distribution of the beam. In these two cases, these optical components are usually made of silicone or polyurethane.

Thanks to the great light control, the described system can be part of an imaging system so that the light outlet of the opto-thermal system object of the invention can include and illuminate an image forming system by light transmission , such as a slide, a gobo with a static image or its outline, an LCD panel, or a DMD chip, with dynamic images, for example, along with a
lens and / or mirror system that focuses and projects said image in a region of the specific space.

In relation to the state of the art, the configuration in floating source with the two-dimensional plates and the proposed construction allows a series of essential improvements 5 which are set out below:

Thermal improvements:

- Better surface contact and thermal transfer between the body and the thermal plate 10, and between the source and the plate, since there is a solidarity connection between flat faces of the components, while in existing solutions cylindrical heat pipes are proposed, whose The surface is difficult to thermally effectively engage the rest of the system components, even with the help of additional coatings, making it necessary to "S" bend the heatpipe to increase the contact area and improve the transfer (expensive process and large deviations of manufacturing and quality problems).

- Greater heat dissipation capacity, since the width of the two-dimensional thermal plate can be suitably sized for the required power 20, without increasing the thickness thereof, and, therefore, without significantly affecting the optical performance of the system.

- The heat transmission is carried out towards the external body of the system, while existing solutions do so only towards a peripheral ring of the outlet of the reflector, which has no fins or radiant heat elements. That is, the present invention also transfers the heat axially, directly to the nuclear part of the body that contains convection fins, thanks to the width of the plate and / or the construction of the system, which maximizes the transfer capacity of the heat to the environment. 30

- The mechanical pressure exerted between the heat plate and the body is normal to the flat contact surface, which improves thermal contact, contrary to existing solutions. In fact, US20090290349 and ES2 399 387 detail a mechanical construction in which the straight heatpipe does not suffer mechanical pressure, but only its coating. Mechanical pressure has a great influence on the effectiveness of thermal contact between components.
- Lower number of components, without the need for additional coatings or external ring for thermal coupling, which reduces thermal resistance and improves heat transfer.

- Lower thermal load of radiation absorbed by the two-dimensional thermal plate 5 since its effective area is smaller: At the same heat transfer capacity, a two-dimensional plate interacts with light much less than a tubular system of existing technologies.

Optical improvements: 10

- Since the effective area of the plate perceived by the reflected radiation is much smaller in a two-dimensional thermal plate (very thin) than in a tube (heatpipe), in the first case it suffers less optical losses. The influence of optical performance has been investigated by the shape and size of tubes and thermal plates in a floating source configuration: For a standard configuration with a reflector diameter of 90 mm, the results show that a two-dimensional heat plate can reduce the optical losses 500% with respect to the alternative with a tubular heat system, with the same section and equal heat transfer capacity. This difference, by itself, is a substantial improvement over the state of the art and allows to provide a system up to 30% more efficient.

- The effective section of the plate thickness also influences the light distribution. A tubular system disturbs the output radiation of the system more, causing unwanted shadows, than a two-dimensional plate. 25

Lower costs:

- Lower component costs, since the basic system of the present invention in floating source, essentially only requires a reflector, a two-dimensional plate, an LED plate and a body, if additional components are needed. In addition, the thermal plate can be contained in a plane, without the need to bend, avoiding the industrial problems of folding it in "S" as in existing solutions.

- Lower assembly costs, as the basic components can be integrated by pressure, if tools are needed. In particular, the construction of the system allows an insertion of the thermal plate by pressure in the grooves of the body.

- Easy assembly automation. A two-dimensional thermal plate can be inserted into the body of the product relatively easily with automated and robotic systems, unlike an "S" shaped tube that, due to problems of manufacturing tolerances, difficulty in identification, seizing, 5 positioning and insertion of the piece in the system.

- The proposed construction is compatible with an extrusion body whose length can be adjusted according to the power of the integrated radiation source, which presents great adaptability, without the need for new developments and new investments associated with a new body.

On the other hand, the described system can be implemented and integrated as a means of directional communication -radia / communicates in a specific spatial / angular direction- (and therefore safer and with less interference), unidirectional or bidirectional, 15 via VLC (Visible Light Communication), LIFI (Light Fidelity) technology or any other electromagnetic radiation, including outside the visible spectrum, that can emit the source and detect the sensor. That is, with the incorporation of a radiation sensor close to the source, for example, the system, by means of the source, is capable of sending digital radiation signals for sending data, and the referred sensor, of receiving them, both in a certain direction. In this way it is possible to establish a communication in which the opto-thermal system is the signal transducer. This system allows high-speed data to be transmitted, and is more secure than a basic laser communication system, since the latter presents, in addition to difficulties in the tolerances and disturbances of the radiation direction, it has a spatial density of 25 much power greater than equal power, which is more likely to cause irreparable damage to living beings by overexposure.

Also, this device can be connected to a private network, or to a public network, such as the Internet (IoT - Internet of Things) via wireless connection of any kind, such as WIFI, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Bluetooth or infrared, or via cable dedicated or PLC (Power Line Communication). The power supply can also be done using PoE (Power on Ethernet).

The system can also be controlled by a mobile device, such as a smart phone, electronic tablet, a computer, or other similar mobile device.

As an extension of the present invention, a system consisting of a plurality of the opto-thermal subsystems described with a particular distribution, such as in a linear or two-dimensional matrix, is also included.

Therefore, the present invention seeks to solve the thermal, mechanical and optical problems exposed by one or more two-dimensional thermal plates in a floating source configuration so that their construction maximizes thermal transfer, simplifies the manufacturing of the system and minimizes the interaction of light with it and the total volume of the system.
 10
> Advantages of the invention.

The innovative approach based on two-dimensional thermal plates with flat faces in direct contact with also flat faces of the body of the system provides a series of advantages that, without limitation, are presented below:

In thermal terms:

- Improves the transfer and distribution of heat from the radiation source to its surroundings by direct contact of the flat faces of the thermal plates with the body of the system.

- Increased air flow inside the system due to chimney effect, which improves heat transfer.
 25
- Allows effective heat sink fins, both external and internal, in the body of the system, which increases the dissipation capacity, without the need for additional heatsinks.

In optical terms, in floating source configuration: 30

- More efficient optical system since the disturbance between the optical system and the thermal system is minimized.

- It allows radiated beams of more directional output and with less dispersion of the light.

- Greater control of the radiation of exit, because all the emission of the light interacts with the optical system.

- It substantially reduces glare, since direct vision of the light source is not possible. 5

In constructive terms:

- Greater use of space, offering more compact products.
 10
- Lighter products, because, generally, less material is needed than with existing solutions.

- Total integration of the thermal system, forming a more compact and harmonious set. fifteen

- Possibility of systems with lower height, since the thermal system can be extended only on the sides of the system.

In economic and industrial terms: 20

- It allows cheaper products, because the product body and the heatsink are combined into a single component.

- Cheaper products, since the process of assembling systems with 25 two-dimensional thermal plates is generally simpler than with heat pipes, in which it is generally necessary to cover and bend it in “S”, and it requires less materials and components than a system classic (with an additional solid heatsink).

FIGURES AND DRAWINGS. 30

At the end of this specification the following set of figures with drawings and illustrative diagrams of the opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates described and their differences with the closest state of the art, as well as lighting devices are included LED where, with a non-limiting nature, 35 finds application, with its different components and effects produced, in addition to
several preferred embodiments of lamps and luminaires with the integrated system, all of which is then explained in detail in the section on the embodiment.

Figure 1 shows the head of a standard LED cylindrical projector, with extrusion body and a solid aluminum heat sink with fins or heat radiators, and 5 in Figure 2 typical projectors with external power equipment are shown (variant a ) and internal (variant b and c).

Figure 3 shows two applications of known dissipation systems, based on "heatpipes", for projectors of the above type. Drawing a) shows a thermal system 10 with heatpipes and transverse metal plates inside the body, and drawing b) is a detail of a thermal system where the heatpipes are located in the central part of an aluminum extrusion profile with fins Radial

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the existing solution according to the ES2365031 15 patent and the MEGAMAN system, where the LEDs are located on a wall based on the product body.

Figure 5 shows in detail the thermal coupling in a floating source configuration in two constructions with tubular heat ducts of patents ES2399387 and US20090290349. Top (a): bodyless system, where heat is poorly transferred from the heatpipe to the peripheral circular ring since there is no direct contact with the heatpipe. Right (b): sectional view of the system with body, where the heat flow passes from the heatpipe through the lining, then through the circular ring and through the reflector, until reaching the body of the system where the 25 dissipation fins are located . Thick lines indicate surfaces that are under mechanical pressure, essential for proper heat transmission.

Figure 6 shows the form of implementation of a two-dimensional thermal plate in parallel configuration in the body of an LED device incorporating internal dissipation fins, while Figure 7 is an isometric view of the exploded view of components of the system thus formed.

Figure 8 is a sectioned perspective view of a body of a projector of cylindrical section without (a) and with (b) additional internal fins to those of the body, in contact with the thermal plate, behind the source of radiation, and in figure 9 an internal power supply is added to both device variants.

Figure 10 shows how to implement the invention in a floating source configuration in an LED device with extrusion body with radial fins, in which in drawings c) and d) the fence-reflector assembly has been removed for a better understanding of construction 5

Figures 11 and 12 are two variants in isometric views of the essential elements of the opto-thermal system in floating source configuration of the device of the previous figure.
 10
Figure 13 contains a detailed isometric drawing of the thermal coupling between a two-dimensional plate and the system body (a), and a schematic of the mechanical pressure lines of the flat faces of the body on the flat faces of the plate.

Figure 14 is an illustrative drawing of the optical differences between the current solution of LED device configuration in floating source, with heat pipe, and the invention solution with thermal plate.

Figures 15, 16 and 17 are cross-sectional views of the structure of two-dimensional thermal plates by phase change of different modules, including in Figure 16a a conventional heatpipe or heat pipe for comparative purposes.

Figure 18 shows a cross-section of a two-dimensional thermal plate by multichannel extrusion phase change in perspective view.
 25
Figure 19 shows different variants of a two-dimensional thermal plate by change of laminated phase, cross-sectional views, and Figure 20 the distributions of separators or structural pillars of some of these variants, plan views.

Figures from 21 to 33 show different embodiments of the system implemented in 30 parallel configuration in various LED lighting devices, some with corresponding breaks or component details.

Figure 34 illustrates three schemes of (a) surface, b) and c) volumetric optics) in floating source configuration. 35

Figures 35 to 52 show different embodiments of the system implemented in floating source configuration in various LED lighting devices, including the headlight of a car (Figure 51), some with corresponding component parts.
 5
Figure 53 schematically illustrates different configurations of the floating source system that allows varying the beam of output light by axial displacement a) of the reflector, b) of the platform, c) of the plate, d) of the lens or micro matrix -lens, or by deformation of e) the reflector, of) the lens.
 10
Figures 54, 55, 56 and 57 illustrate mechanisms in devices that allow varying the light beam in some of the ways outlined in the previous figure.

Figure 58 shows two schemes of systems in floating source configuration with mini-reflector (a) and with mini-lens (b) near the radiation source. fifteen

Figure 59 is a schematic drawing of the system in floating source configuration associated with an imaging system using a gobo or LCD.

Figure 60 shows an accent lighting luminaire with a two-dimensional thermal plate 20 in a floating source configuration, chosen as a preferred embodiment of the invention.

FORM OF REALIZATION.
 25
Taking as reference the indicated figures it is observed that the opto-thermal system developed is applied to any LED lighting device, or another source of radiation of the visible or non-visible spectrum, based on a body with at least some flat faces, where you are faces may preferably be the heat dissipation fins or radiators arranged radially or longitudinally in a revolution body 30.

In a typical LED cylindrical projector, such as those shown in the drawings of figures 1 and 2, consisting of a source of radiation (2) LED, an optic (3) with anti-glare fence (4), a power supply unit (5) , which can be external (figure 2a) or internal (figure 2b and 2c), and by a body (1) with a solid and independent extrusion heatsink (13) with heat radiating fins, due to the intrinsic architecture of the
design, the transfer of heat to the outside may be ineffective, since, generally, these fins and the hottest parts of the heatsink face the outside, except in some cases the furthest end to the radiation source, which is the least effective part to dissipate, it is the coldest.
 5
Therefore, in one of the embodiments of the invention, the solid heatsink (13) is essentially replaced by a two-dimensional flat-face plate (7) bent in a symmetrical "U", in thermal contact by its central part with the radiation source (Figure 6), which can be installed in parallel configuration by contacting its two wings with the projector body, thus forming a thermal system that improves the transfer of heat from the radiation source to the outside of the device.

The radiation source (2) can be regulated in radiation intensity and in the spectrum or bands of radiation frequencies, such as a multi-LED system with LEDs of various dominant colors, for example, an RGB system, or LEDs or other source of radiation 15 outside the visible spectrum for special applications, or mixed systems, with infrared, visible and ultraviolet spectrum radiation. This control can be carried out in an open loop, or by means of a closed loop electronic feedback circuit so that the light levels and spectral characteristics are adjusted accordingly with the desired reference. twenty

In Figure 6 and 7 the essential elements of a projector with the indicated characteristics are observed, in parallel configuration with a two-dimensional "U" plate thermally connected to an extrusion body (11) with internal fins. In this particular embodiment, a thermally conductive base or platform (8) is used for the connection of the two-dimensional plate with the PCB where the radiation source is located, but in many cases this plate is expendable.

The system may also include an additional internal radiator heatsink (9) in thermal contact with the plate, in the opposite part of the radiation source, as it is in the cylindrical projector shown in Figure 8b and in the projector with integrated power equipment (5) in figure 9b.

Figure 10 shows a simple embodiment of a cylindrical extrusion body projector (11) with reflector (32) and anti-glare frame (4) in which the opto-35 thermal system is implemented in a floating source configuration based on a two-dimensional plate flat and straight (7), taking advantage of the internal radial fins of dissipation
with flat surfaces of the extrusion body (11) for insertion in integral contact with the flat faces of the ends of the plate with said body. In this case, the radiation source (2) is positioned and thermally coupled to the plate by a cylindrical platform (8), so that all emitted radiation is directed to the reflector. 5

Figure 11 shows the essential elements of the aforementioned floating source system in a projector where the anti-glare and reflector fence are a single piece, and in Figure 12, in a projector where the fence and reflector are two pieces.
 10
The drawing of figure 13b shows in detail a possible thermal coupling between the two-dimensional plate (7) and a cylindrical body (1) of the projector (figure 13a), by contact between the ends of the plate and the radial fins of the heat sink , as well as a diagram of the pressure lines of the body on the plate in the area of contact with the fins (Figure 13b), according to a cross-sectional view that leaves the internal hermetic cavities (71) and the supports in view. structural (72) of a thermal plate by phase change. The black lines represent the pressure surfaces, which are precisely those involved in heat transfer.

The difference in thermal terms of the invention (figure 13) with respect to the state of the art for configuration in floating source, illustrated in the sample in figure 5, is clear, since in this last case the curved wall of the heat pipe of cylindrical section (101) are in partial and poor contact with the flat faces of the lining (102), without any mechanical pressure of any kind, and, in addition, so that the heat flow is hindered by the passage through multiple components , each with a thermal resistance, before reaching the body with fins. In fact, the ends of the heatpipe, which are the most critical regions in heat transfer by contact with the rest of the components, ends in a conical shape, which makes this thermal contact and heat transfer even more difficult, unlike the proposed solution, which is a direct and solidary contact between expensive plans of the thermal plate and the body under pressure.

The differences in optical terms between the solution of the invention for LED devices by means of the use of two-dimensional thermal plates in a floating source configuration, with respect to the current solution of devices in this configuration using heat pipes, above, is reflected in the two drawings in figure 14. Drawing a) illustrates the currently existing solution, which is greater
optical disturbance -and thermal load- due to the use of a heat pipe (101) inside a coating (102), which interacts with the light beam coming from the radiation source (2) located below it, when it is reflected in the reflector (32), while drawing b) is a solution with a two-dimensional thermal plate (7), which by thinning the interaction surface reduces the thermal load by radiation, decreases the optical disturbance and substantially improves the efficiency of the system.

The two-dimensional terminal plates (7) on which the opto-thermal system in question is based, are ideally thermal plates by phase change, of the type shown in Figure 15, according to a drawing in longitudinal section of the plate. Its construction features 10 allow extremely thin plates, thanks to the internal structural pillars (72), which withstand low internal pressure and allow very small face thicknesses and, in this case, also conform the characteristics of the interior cavities (71) of confinement of the liquid that undergoes the change of phase, such as water or acetone, with a great capacity of heat transfer, and without structural limitations of width, since they are based on a modular structure.

Figure 16 compares the section of a typical lightly crushed heatpipe (101) (drawing a) with that of a basic two-dimensional plate by phase change (drawing b). The heatpipe (101) has essential constructive limitations when trying to be flattened, 20 because the internal vacuum necessary for its operation causes its faces to combine, which causes it to lose its vacuum and collapse, negatively affecting its operation. However, the two-dimensional thermal plate, which is characterized by having 2D or 3D pillars or reinforcements (72) between its flat faces capable of supporting the vacuum necessary for the evaporation of the fluid inside at the working temperature, which is The mechanism for extracting heat from the system can be shaped according to an extremely fine structure, with thicknesses of very fine material, which is an essential advantage over a heatpipe already mentioned in the compendium section of the invention.
 30
A thermal plate with one or several structural supports (72), which support the two flat faces of the hermetic system against internal vacuum, can be easily modulated and / or dimensionable without a significant detriment to the system's performance, as schematized in The drawings of Figure 17. This modularity, which allows a two-dimensional thermal plate width to grow according to the needs of the system, is a fundamental improvement over a heatpipe. These cavities can
have the additional wick functionality that, by capillarity, supplies the liquid that will be evaporated in the immediate vicinity of the heat source.

Within the two-dimensional thermal plates by phase change, which are the essence of the system, those made up of aluminum extrusion profiles (73) with 5 longitudinal hollow channels to the extrusion direction stand out. Figure 18 shows a cross-section of one of these multi-channel thermal plates, with seven channels that act as airtight chambers (71) with striated walls to improve their capillarity. Power cables and / or control cables can be inserted through one of these cavities. 10

Another modality of this type of thermal plates by phase change are the laminates (77), constituted, as indicated above, by a sandwich structure of at least two sheets or conductive films (74) that are hermetically sealed at their ends , or by two other plastic outer films (75). Inside there are structural support supports (72). In figure 19 different implementations of a two-dimensional thermal plate are represented by change of laminated phase: two sheets (74), generally, metallic of copper or aluminum, which embed: a) two porous layers (76) separated by plastic pillars; b) a porous layer (76) with longitudinal structural combs (72) of the same material; c) a porous layer 20 (76) and a three-dimensional structure with pillars (72) hexagonally distributed with a common platform; d) a mesh that acts as a wick (76) and structural support (72); e) two layers of porous material (76) separated by a metal mesh (72). In the case of variant f), a structure identical to case e) is shown, but embedded and hermetically sealed by two outer plastic films (75). 25

Figure 20 shows the detail of some distributions of separators or structural pillars (72) that allow to support the vacuum pressure of the two-dimensional thermal plate, without limitation. Case a) corresponds to the description of Figure 19a and 19c; case b) to figure 19b and case c) to figure 19d. 30

> System realizations in parallel configuration.

Figure 21 shows a projector body (a) and an exploded view (b) with the main components of the opto-thermal system in parallel configuration, with reflector 35 (32), radiation source (2), two-dimensional thermal plate (7) U-shaped bent
symmetrical, extrusion body (11) with external fins, internal feeding equipment (5), and rear closure cover of the body.

This configuration of the system allows the novel incorporation of one or several additional radiators in contact with the internal flat faces of the plate, both in the opposite part where the source of radiation is located, as in the lateral parts thereof, which is perfectly represented in figure 22 with an extrusion body (11) of a cylindrical projector with internal fins and two-dimensional thermal plate (7), which incorporates additional heatsinks (9) in different regions of contact with the thermal plate. 10

Within the parallel configuration, where the main direction of the source radiation is parallel to the normal direction of the plate in the region of contact with the radiation source, two-dimensional plates can be implanted, according to different geometric shapes, with different types of projection bodies. fifteen

By way of a non-limiting example, the body of a projector with a square section and internal fins is shown as shown in Figure 23, with three rear two-dimensional thermal plates in contact with all the lateral faces of the body; two "L" shaped plates, and one "U" shaped, which forms a subsystem of 20 "X" plates.

Another example is the body of the LED projector of square section, without fins, with four lenses (31) supported by a transverse and internal LED plate of Figure 24, which allows an “X” arrangement of “U” shaped thermal plates “On both sides of the plate; This solution increases the transfer in the entire periphery of the system body. The main elements of this type of projector are those shown in the exploded drawing of Figure 25.

The laminated two-dimensional thermal plates (77) make it possible to simplify the number of 30 components by combining several plates into one, as in the case of the two devices mentioned.

In more complex systems the plate may have ramifications to optimize heat transfer, as in the case, for example, of the head of a projector such as 35 in Figure 26, where the laminated two-dimensional thermal plate (77) with branches of the Figure 27 is integrated in parallel configuration.

The body of the projector of Figure 28 is an example of an extrusion body (11) of cylindrical section with external and internal longitudinal fins, in which a two-dimensional thermal plate is implanted in parallel configuration, while the body of the projector of the figure 29 has longitudinal internal fins and an additional heatsink 5 (9) at its rear in contact with the two-dimensional thermal plate, which increases the heat dissipation capacity.

Figure 30 shows a body of a projector of cylindrical section based on a standardized extrusion tube with a two-dimensional thermal plate which, being essentially flat, can be slightly curved to adapt to the surface of the cylindrical body or to be coupled by a thermal blanket, a metal support or similar element. The anchoring system of the elements in the cylinder is similar to existing plumbing solutions with a deformable O-ring (103). Figure 31 shows the main construction elements of the body described. fifteen

As a last example of projectors with opto-thermal system in parallel configuration we have the projector of Figure 32, which consists of an extrusion body (11) of square section based on a standardized extrusion profile with a two-dimensional thermal plate post-source of radiation, in the form of "U", wherein the elements 20 are anchored to the profile by pressure, by deformation of an O-ring (103). This body does not carry fins because its own surface radiates and dissipates the heat necessary for the source to remain at a correct temperature. The essential components thereof are visible in the exploded view of Figure 33.
 25
> System realizations in floating source configuration.

In this configuration, the main optics may consist of a surface or volumetric reflector, such as based on a transparent dielectric material, such as PMMA, PC or silicone, or glass. This can totally or partially imbibe the radiation source and / or the thermal plate. These possibilities are embodied in the schemes in Figure 34; in the drawing a) there is a surface reflector, and the center (b) and the one on the right (c) refer to optics constituted with a transparent volumetric material inside, which protect the optics and / or the radiation source . In all cases the reflection can be performed on the surface by the metallic finish of the optical part or by a micro-prismatic structure that reflects the light by total internal reflection.

As explained in the compendium of the invention, in the floating source configuration the plate or plates can partially section or intersect the reflector, although the most common way is that it only intersects with the anti-glare fence, thermally connecting the radiation source to the projector body Figure 35 5 illustrates different opto-thermal systems in this configuration in front view, with one, two, three and four two-dimensional thermal plates of thermal connection between the radiation source and the periphery of the system.

Figure 36 illustrates three different opto-thermal systems in floating source configuration 10: drawing a) with external fins, drawing b) with side ventilation openings (36), and drawing c) with ventilation openings (36) front, the latter two with internal dissipation fins.

One of the characteristics of this configuration is that the plates can have 15 radiation sources or lateral emission LEDs (21) whose electronic board is parallel and coincides with some of the faces of the two-dimensional thermal plate, as shown in the device of figure 37. The two-dimensional thermal plate can even be formed by the electronic board itself.
 twenty
Figure 38 represents a LED lamp with a diameter of 111 mm with socket (6) of type E27 and incorporating the technology of the present invention in a floating source configuration, with two thermal plates (7) in cross and flat protection glass ( 33) at the light outlet. Each half of the plate has an independent thermodynamic system, with independent hermetic chambers, which, in many cases, improves the operation before orientations, since gravity influences the system. Figure 39 is an exploded view of the essential components of this type of lamp.

Figure 40 shows a comparative view in section of a lamp with two-dimensional thermal extrusion plate 30 (drawing a), and a lamp with laminated two-dimensional thermal plate (drawing b). The latter allows greater flexibility of shapes, as it adapts to particular designs. In both cases the body is made of aluminum injection (12) and is conceived in two halves, where, once the plate and the reflector are inserted, they form a single assembly, imprisoning the thermal plate as a sandwich.

Figure 41 illustrates a downlight ceiling recessed luminaire using strips that implements the opto-thermal system in floating source configuration.

As seen in the preceding drawings, in the present configuration in floating source the plates are generally straight. However, in more optimized constructions 5 they can be curved, as, for example, in the form of "U", as seen in the projector of figure 42, whose essential elements are represented in figure 43; namely: anti-glare fence (4), platform (6) of the radiation source (2) LED, two-dimensional thermal plate (7), reflector (32) and extrusion body (11).
 10
The LED lamp with the invention system of Figure 44 is an example of a body implemented by an extrusion profile (11) subjected to a subsequent machining process. The LED printed circuit is directly coupled to the edge of the two-dimensional thermal plate (7) divided into two halves. Both halves of the plate have independent hermetic chambers (where the fluid is located), since, in this way, in many cases the system is more robust in the face of changes in orientation. Such a heatsink can also be manufactured using a flat aluminum extrusion plate sealed by press drawing.

Figure 45 shows two possible subsystems of thermal plates that can be integrated into a projector in a floating source configuration: two-dimensional laminar thermal plate (77) in mono-component “U” (drawing a), and a set of three simple plates replacing a plate in "U" mono-component (drawing b). The latter may be more convenient due to manufacturing costs, although it is also possible to bend a two-dimensional thermal extrusion plate to give a similar piece, with some rounding, as in Figure 43. 25

As seen (figure 34), the main optic may be constituted by a surface or volumetric, metallic or prismatic reflector. An example of optics with micro-prismatic reflector (38), which allows to reflect and direct the light by means of a transparent dielectric by internal total reflection, is found in the device of figure 46. In 30 the image on the right (b) is This reflector shows the detail based on transparent materials with micro-prismatic surfaces, which reflects the light emitted by the radiation source (2) by total internal reflection. These micro-prisms can be more complex, not necessarily aligned with the radii of the reflector or with the same length.
 35
The device of Figure 47 illustrates in several views a way in which an additional heat radiator (9) can be integrated inside the body connected to a thermal plate
Two-dimensional flat, longitudinally to the body, which transfers heat from the radiation source to the external body and to the internal fins of the additional heatsink. In this case all these fins are longitudinal to the air flow, which favors heat transfer. In some drawings, components, such as the optical system, have been removed for a better understanding of them. 5

Previously, it has been explained that in the floating source configuration it is possible to create a ventilation opening in the central region of the reflector to favor an air flow and, consequently, the cooling of the system without significantly disturbing the optical characteristics. Figure 48 shows the main components of a simplified AR111 lamp with central ventilation opening (36) for that purpose, and Figure 49 the body of a projector with central ventilation opening (36) in the main reflector.

It is also possible to allow an air flow between an anti-glare fence and the optics 15, as shown in the drawings of Figure 50, which correspond to the cross-sectional view of a lamp (drawing a) and a projector (drawing b) with a thermal plate in floating source configuration, which favors air flow and heat transfer.

An example of a projector with two-dimensional thermal plate, where the reflector does not have 20 symmetries, is shown in Figure 51. This type of system can be integrated as vehicle headlights or street lighting so as to avoid direct glare of the source of radiation.

In the device of the present invention, the light radiation distributions can be modified or redistributed in a controlled manner by inserting additional components into the optics, or by mechanically influencing the shape of the reflector and / or its relative position on the axial axis with respect to The source of radiation.

The schematic drawing of Figure 52 shows a device with a thermal plate in said configuration incorporating a thin refractive optic composed of a matrix of micro-lenses (37) that make up the beam of output light. This microstructure can be rotated or displaced, so that, together with a faceted or microstructured reflector or lens, it modulates the light distribution.
 35
Figure 53 shows six strategies of floating source optical systems that allow varying the beam of output light, either manually, or by means of actuators and
motors, by axial displacement: a) of the reflector, b) of the platform, c) of the plate, d) of the lens or micro-lens matrix, or by deformation of e) the reflector, or f) the lens.

The first scheme (a) illustrates an optical system with axially mobile reflector that changes its distribution depending on the position of the reflector. The following illustrations (b and c) 5 are similar, except that in these cases the platform and the thermal plate are displaced longitudinally, respectively. In case d) a mobile lens is displaced to manipulate the distribution.

Figures 54, 55, 56 and 57 illustrate some details of the manipulator systems of the described beam.

Figure 54 shows the detail of a variable beam optical system with regulation of the positioning of the radiation source, integral to its platform, which is axially displaced by rotating it. This detail illustrates an example of mechanical implementation of the system shown in Figure 53b.

Figure 55 shows a system with a movable mechanism that allows an axial displacement of the reflector with respect to the radiation source thanks to guides in the reflector or thread, which provides a regulation of the distribution of the light beam 20. It is not necessary that these guides pass through the piece forming an opening. The anti-glare fence is in solidarity with the body of the system. The system is an example of the implementation of the system represented in Figure 53a.

Figure 56 shows the exploded view of the essential parts of the system of Figure 25 above, wherein the radiation source PCB comprises a large part of the edge of the thermal plate and contains five LEDs: red, green, blue and amber, and a presence sensor in the center.

Figure 57 depicts the implementation of an opto-thermal system in floating source configuration 30 with variable beam optics by means of a fixed reflector and an axially movable lens. This system is a possible implementation of the system shown in Figure 53d.

Examples of thermal plates incorporating an initial optic near the source of radiation, we have them in the schematic drawings of Figure 58 on systems with: a) a mini-reflector (35) and b) a mini-lens (34), both next to the radiation source
to adapt the radiation directed to the reflector, protect the radiation source and / or shield the direct radiation from the source by optical leaks.

Figure 59 shows a diagram of the opto-thermal system of the invention in a floating source configuration associated with an image projection system for light transmission, such as an LCD or a gobo (104), with one or several lenses ( 31), which can be mobile to properly adapt the image on the surface to be projected. This floating source configuration also allows the illumination of DMD chips to represent images by reflection. A similar system with an elliptical, or pseudo-elliptical, optics can be integrated as a subsystem for fiber optic light injection. 10

> Preferred implementation of the system.

Without limitation, one of the preferred embodiments is the compact adjustable light projector with two-dimensional thermal plate in floating source configuration of Figure 60, constituted by a two-dimensional thermal plate (7) in an aluminum extrusion body (11) , an anti-glare fence (4), a reflector (32) with essentially cylindrical symmetry, a platform (8) located in the central part of the plate, a source of LED radiation (2) integrated in the platform, and a power equipment (5) adjustable, so that the heat generated by the LED is efficiently transferred to the outermost part of the system, further characterized in that:

- The two-dimensional thermal plate has its flat faces and is multichannel, so that each channel is separated by a structural wall (72) essentially perpendicular to the face of the plate, which supports the outside pressure, and each channel (71) 25 It is tightly sealed, partially filled with acetone, and vacuum.

- The luminaire's aluminum extrusion body has an essentially circular section, with internal fins, and has grooves with flat faces where part of the thermal plate is inserted, which allows direct and solidary contact 30 between the thermal plate and the body.

The system is in a floating source configuration so that the LED radiates perpendicular to the faces of the plate and faces a reflector that redirects all the radiation coming from the LED. 35

权利要求:
Claims (20)
[1]

1. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, applicable to electromagnetic radiation devices with heat dissipating elements, 5 consisting essentially of a body (1) with at least one flat face, manufactured from one or more pieces ; a radiation source (2), such as a white LED light source, RGB, IR and / or UV radiation; an optic (3), formed by one or several lenses (31), matrix or matrices of micro-lenses (37) and / or one or more reflectors (32), with a reflective coating or based on micro-prisms (38) ; a power supply unit (5), 10 except for radiation sources that do not require it, such as AC LEDs, and / or electronic power supply and / or control equipment; and, preferably, with an anti-glare fence (4), a transparent glass, plate or protective film (33) at the radiation outlet and an interconnectivity of the socket or connector type (6); characterized by integrating a two-dimensional thermal plate with flat faces (7), straight or folded in various geometric shapes, of a conductive material, by phase change or by thermal conduction, or several of these plates joined together by their middle part, that transmit the heat generated by the radiation source, which is located in a central region of the system in thermal contact with a central zone of the plate or at the junction of plates, towards peripheral regions at the ends of the plate or plates, which they extend along the lateral, posterior, anterior, or several of these areas of the system, by solidarity contact of the flat faces of the plates with flat faces of the fins, radiators or other body parts of the implantation device .

[2]
2. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to the first claim, characterized by including a base or platform (8) of a heat conducting material, by thermal conduction or by phase change, attached to the plate or joint of plates that thermally connect them to the radiation source.

[3]
3. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to first and second claims, characterized by including internal heat radiators (9) in thermal contact with the plate or thermal plates, in the part adjacent to the radiation source, and / or on the side of the body of the device, and / or external heat radiators on the back or front, and / or a supplementary active dissipation subsystem by fan, vibrating membrane or Peltier cell, the latter integrated between the surface 35 where is the radiation source, or the platform, and the thermal plate, or between the radiation source and the platform.

[4]
4. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plates (7) of the system are thermal plates by phase change, constituted by a hollow body of flat and thin external faces, with supports or structural support pillars (72), and with one or several 5 hermetically sealed cavities (71) that confine a liquid such as acetone or water, which absorbs and transmits the heat generated by the radiation source to the entire radiation source and evaporation the extension of the thermal plate.

[5]
5. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to the fourth claim, characterized in that the thermal phase plate (s) consist of extrusion profiles (73), preferably of aluminum, with hollow channels longitudinal to the direction extrusion along each plate or half of the plate.
 fifteen
[6]
6. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to the fourth claim, characterized in that the thermal phase plate (s) are constituted by a sandwich structure of two sheets or thermally conductive films (74), such as copper or aluminum, with one or several internal hollow cavities, hermetically sealed at its ends, or sealed by two other outer plastic films 20 (75), such as PET, by a vacuum thermo-welded process, with several structural supports (72) of lift, a second layer of porous structure (76), such as a copper metallic foam mesh or film, or the structure resulting from a sintering process of metallic dust which, by capillarity, can adhere internally to said conductive sheets or films. It is soaked by the fluid and does the wick function.

[7]
7. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claim 6, characterized in that the internal channel or channels of the laminated thermal plates are in closed loop. 30

[8]
8. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two-dimensional thermal plate (7) of the system are solid plates composed of one or more materials with high thermal conductivity, whether of materials metallic, ceramic, crystalline, quasi-crystalline, such as copper, aluminum, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, graphite,
graphene or carbon nanotubes, including composite materials, or combination thereof, either in the form of a single plate, or in the form of a multilayer plate.

[9]
9. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that they are presented in "parallel configuration", that is, the main radiation direction of the radiation source (2) is parallel to the direction normal surface of the plate or plates in the region of contact between the source and the plate.

[10]
10. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claim 10, characterized in that the plates are folded, by their flat faces or by their edges, with a "U" shape, with an "L" shape, or are “X” cross finned plates, with a laminated plate with branches or with several plates.

[11]
11. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is presented in "floating source configuration", that is, the main radiation direction of the radiation source (2), which is Suspended and held by the plate (s), it is perpendicular to the normal direction of the faces of the plate (s) in the region of contact between the source and the plate, interacting all the radiation with a reflector facing the source. twenty

[12]
12. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to the eleventh claim, characterized in that the plate (s) have lateral emission radiation sources (21) whose electronic base or plate is integral with any of the faces of the plate, or They are part of it. 25

[13]
13. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the plate incorporates an additional optics close to the radiation source, such as a mini-lens (34) or a mini-reflector (35).
 30
[14]
14. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 11 to 13, characterized in that in the central region of the reflector, in the vertical of the radiating source coupled to the plate, there is an opening of (36) ventilation (36) ) that allows a flow of air, gas or liquid from the environment.
 35
[15]
15. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the plate (7), the platform, the source of
radiation, optics, or several of these elements are axially movable, so that the distribution of the radiation beam can be varied by moving these moving optical elements along their axial axis.

[16]
16. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to 5 claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the plate (7), with the platform and / or radiation source, is associated with a flexible lens or reflector, so that the Distribution of the radiation beam can be varied by deformation, by pressure, of these flexible elements.
 10
[17]
17. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the plates (7) are flat and rectangular, being able to partially section or intersect the optical reflector, and / or the anti-glare fence.
 fifteen
[18]
18. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates according to claims 11 to 17, characterized by an arrangement of cross or star plates that converge in the region where the radiation source is located.

[19]
19. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates, according to claims 17 and 18, characterized in that the plates are folded by their "U", and / or "L" shaped edges, inserted into grooves with the flat faces of the device body.

[20]
20. Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates consisting of a plurality of subsystems, according to all the preceding claims, characterized by a particular spatial and / or angular distribution of these subsystems, as in a linear or two-dimensional matrix.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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EP3508786A4|2020-06-03|

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WO2018042070A1|2018-03-08|

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US20210080096A1|2021-03-18|

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ES2657338R2|2018-03-16|

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EP3508786A1|2019-07-10|

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ES2657338B2|2019-01-29|

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FR3007122B1|2013-06-18|2017-09-08|Commissariat Energie Atomique|COOLING OF ELECTRONIC AND / OR ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS BY PULSE CALODUC AND THERMAL CONDUCTION ELEMENT|US10914458B2|2018-05-18|2021-02-09|Ledlucky Holdings Company Ltd.|Intelligent induction miner's lamp|

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优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES201631151A|ES2657338B2|2016-09-02|2016-09-02|Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates|ES201631151A| ES2657338B2|2016-09-02|2016-09-02|Opto-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates|

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US16/501,095| US20210080096A1|2016-09-02|2017-09-01|Optical-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates|

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EP17845586.1A| EP3508786A4|2016-09-02|2017-09-01|Optical-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates|

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PCT/ES2017/070595| WO2018042070A1|2016-09-02|2017-09-01|Optical-thermal system based on two-dimensional thermal plates|