• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process of industrial palletization of containers and palletizing unit to carry it out, comprising: a first phase of distribution of the containers (2) in channels (7) in the lung/conveyor (1), with the help of a distributor (8)); and a second phase of staggered formation, in three stages: a first stage, longitudinal displacement of the containers (2) of alternating channels (7) with appropriate phase shift to later form the quincunx, a second braking stage of the second litter (2b) by means of a brake device (5), and a third stage of fitting the containers (2) to form the quincunx that is carried out by means of a translation mechanism (9) of magnetic plate with movable tracks (10) . (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2656536A1
    申请号:ES201600673
    申请日:2016-08-09
    公开日:2018-02-27
    发明作者:Rafael Moreno Navarro
    申请人:Taller Autorema SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    PROCEDURE OF INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION OF PACKAGING AND PALETIZATION UNIT TO CARRY OUT
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a process of industrial palletizing of containers and a palletizing unit for carrying it out, which suppose an improvement of the current state of the art within its field of application. .
    More particularly, the object of the invention is centered on a method and a unit for carrying out the formation of pallets of containers, in particular round containers, of curved or prismatic profile of more than four sides, whose essential purpose is to improve the use of the pallet space, in order to palletize more containers per pallet and, in particular, achieve the elimination of gaps in the previous formation produced by the so-called palletizing lung, as well as the addition of an extra row of containers per litter , based essentially on the arrangement of the packages by channels previously available to the triplet, a second aspect of the present invention being a palletizing unit that is essentially provided with a system of channels for guiding the packages and a magnetic plate with mobile tracks, allows to carry out this procedure.
    FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
    The scope of the present invention is part of the industry sector dedicated to the manufacture of industrial palletizing facilities, focusing particularly on the field of packaging.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    As is known, in the transport of containers, especially empty containers, the amount of material transported on a pallet is very small compared to the volume
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    which occupies on the latter, air being the main component of an empty container pallet. Therefore, getting the maximum number of containers into the pallet becomes critical when it comes to reducing logistics and transportation costs.
    In any case, the pallet of containers is divided into layers that form different levels separated by sheets of cardboard or similar and the maximum use of the space in the litter is achieved by forming a triplet for the case of round, curved or prismatic profile containers. more than 4 sides, or by means of a reticular formation of rows and straight columns for the case of square or rectangular shaped containers.
    The use of the pallet is achieved, on the one hand, by ensuring that no gaps are produced in the litter due to an incorrect formation of the tresbolillo, and, on the other hand, managing to introduce the maximum number of rows that allow the physical dimensions of the pallet.
    Currently, these two problems are solved for the palletizing of square or rectangular containers, but they remain a challenge for the rest of the aforementioned packages. Without a doubt, the formation of the tresbolillo is the main drawback of these packages.
    With the current systems, the aforementioned Tresbolillo is formed naturally, when the containers are introduced into a lung / conveyor from which, subsequently and through the use of a magnetic plate, they are transferred in litters to the pallet located next, being this The most stable form of arrangement for the containers that are being pulled by the transporter itself. However, with this system, blocking situations can occur between the containers that give rise to the mentioned holes.
    On the other hand, the addition of an extra row normally presents the problem of “non-complementarity” between the rows of the ends of each litter, that is, the first and the last, must fit equally in the form, which, In addition, it gives rise to problems when it comes to proper palletizing through conventional systems.
    Said form is a device that, configured according to the profiles presented by the containers, is incorporated at the end of the lung / conveyor and has configuration with
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    incoming and outgoing in which the containers of the first row of each first litter fit so that half of them advance interspersed, thus forming the formation to the tresbolillo.
    It should also be noted that in conventional systems, once the second layer has been stopped, the former moves a few centimeters in the direction of advance of the packages. This movement together with the traction exerted by the lung / conveyor itself on the containers generates a separation between the first litter and the second, so that the magnetic plate can access to collect the containers of the first litter to transfer them to the pallet. The former therefore has the mission of guaranteeing the stability of the litter formation in this litter separation movement, since it accompanies the first in its movement; movement that is not more than a few centimeters.
    The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to solve both the appearance of gaps and the inclusion of the maximum number of rows in the pallet by means of an improved procedure for the arrangement of the packages through their disposal through streets prior to the formation of the quincunx.
    On the other hand, and as a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least on the part of the applicant, it is unknown the existence of any other procedure or industrial palletizing unit of packages that have the same technical, structural and constitutive characteristics or similar to those presented herein, as claimed.
    EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    The process of industrial palletizing of containers and the palletizing unit to lift it out as the invention proposes are thus configured as a novelty within its field of application, the characterizing details that distinguish them conveniently included in the final claims that accompany to the present description.
    As noted above, what the invention proposes is a method and a unit for carrying out the formation of pallets of containers, specifically round containers,
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    curved or prismatic profile of more than four sides, which are palletized forming layers of rows grouped to the tresbolillo, whose purpose is to improve the use of space avoiding the existence of gaps in the previous formation of the litters in the lung / transporter, as well as the addition of an extra row of containers per litter.
    To do this, and specifically, the procedure proposed by the invention comprises the following:
    - A first phase of distribution of the containers in channels, which is carried out in the lung / conveyor, by means of a distributor mechanism that is specific according to the profile of the packages: that is, round, concave or regular binoculars of more than four sides, for which the orientation with respect to its axis does not influence, or oval or of a profile whose shape with respect to its axis does influence the orientation that is provided for the formation of the tresbolillo.
    - And a second phase of formation of the tresbolillo, which, in turn, comprises the following stages:
    - A first stage, where a longitudinal displacement of the containers of alternate channels is carried out to obtain a offset of the containers in the adjacent channels that allows the Tresbolillo to be formed later, by means of the use of the so-called form, of specific geometry depending on the Packaging profile, round or oval.
    - A second stage of blocking the second litter in the lung / conveyor, that is, the subsequent packages to those that form the litter to be palletized, which is carried out by means of a vertical movement device in the direction of the conveyor itself which slows the advance of said containers of said second litter, while the former moves a few centimeters in the direction of advance of the packages to separate the first litter from the second.
    - And a third stage of packaging lace, which is carried out by means of a magnetic plate with movable tracks, which at the same time collects the litter of containers and transports it to the pallet, getting each of the tracks,
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    coinciding with the channels, I managed to collect their containers by moving them in a transverse direction to bring them closer together, forming the three-legged lace.
    With this it is possible to take advantage of the pallet space in each litter better, since the arrangement in channels prior to the separation of the litters, prevents the formation of holes and facilitates the use of the space to include one more row in the litter to be palletized, when allow such separation to be made in the desired row, since the containers are still aligned, while in conventional systems, the previous formation of the three-roll and the corresponding configuration of the piece called the former at the end of the litter to be palletized, according to said Tresbolillo formation, force the braking of the litters in the row with the complementary formation to said former, said row being a row that for certain packaging formats remains a space prior to the maximum possible, since it is only complementary with the former of every two.
    For its part, the palletizing unit for carrying out the described process essentially comprises:
    - a lung / conveyor divided into longitudinal channels, which accommodate the packages grouped aligned one after the other, with the necessary number of channels depending on the dimensions of said containers and the pallet to accommodate as much as possible arranged to the tresbolillo, being provided with a braking mechanism for the second layer, constituted by a vertical movement device in the direction of the conveyor itself, as well as a profile former coinciding with the width of said channels;
    - and a mechanism for transferring packages from the lung / conveyor to the pallet, comprising a magnetic plate with multiple moving tracks, coinciding with the channels of the lung / conveyor, and having a transverse displacement movement.
    In addition, in the preferred embodiment, the lung / conveyor incorporates, in order to achieve the correct distribution of the containers in the canals, preventing them from being thrown at the entrance which prevents their correct filling and the formation of holes, a distributor mechanism , which, in turn, can be linear or transverse, depending on the geometric shape of the container.
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    Thus, in the case of packages in which its orientation with respect to its axis does not influence the formation of the pin, the distribution mechanism is transverse, being constituted by a set of vertical rods or plates, also called "fingers", which, with The help of an alternative transverse movement prevents blocking situations between the containers themselves at the entrance of the channels.
    And, in the case of packaging in which its orientation with respect to its axis does influence the formation of the pin, the distributor mechanism is linear and, in the same way, will be responsible for filling the channels alternately, thus ensuring that all the containers do it with the same orientation. For this, said linear distributor is constituted by a sliding mechanism in charge of transforming the rectilinear movement into a variation of the angle of an articulated arm.
    Said arm, in addition, incorporates a braking system of the containers at its outlet to be able to release them in a timely manner, that is, when the arm is aligned with the channel where the container is to be introduced.
    The traction of the containers through the arm is preferably carried out by means of the conveyor / lung itself, although the evacuation of the containers can also be facilitated by passing through the arm by means of the propulsion of an air flow or the like. The latter gives a greater speed of evacuation of containers that, consequently, results in an increase in palletizer production.
    Given the above, it is found that the described procedure of industrial palletizing of containers and the palletizing unit to carry it out represent an innovation of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now for the purpose to which they are destined, reasons that together with their usefulness In practice, they provide it with sufficient grounds to obtain the privilege of exclusivity that is requested.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, it is attached to the present
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    Descriptive report, as an integral part thereof, of some sheets of drawings in which, as an illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:
    Figures number 1-A, 1-B, 2-A, 2-B and 3.- They show respective schematic views, on the upper floor, of the feeding of litters in the lung / conveyor according to the prior art, where the packages a palletizing are arranged directly forming the provision to the tresbolillo, showing figures 1-A and 1-B the braking of the rows as it has been done so far, so that there is complementarity with the former and figures 2-A, 2-B and 3, where the pallet is no longer represented, the lack of such complementarity if the containers are stopped in a previous row.
    Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7.- They show different phases of the process of the invention, also showing litter feed by channels in the lung / conveyor.
    Figure number 8.- Shows a schematic plan view of an example of the palletizing unit object of the invention, the parts and elements comprising it being appreciated, said example being provided with a transversal packaging distributor.
    And figure number 9.- Shows a schematic plan view of a portion of another example of palletizing unit, according to the invention, in this case provided with a linear packaging distributor.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, the difference in procedure between the current systems and the one proposed by the invention can be appreciated, as well as an example of non-limiting realization of the industrial palletizing unit of packages for carrying out the process object of the invention, the following numerical references having been used in these figures to indicate the different elements:
    1. lung / conveyor
    2. containers, 2nd first litter, 2b second litter, 2c row, 2d row
    3. entrance area
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    4. pallet
    5. brake device
    6. form
    7. channels
    8. distributor mechanism
    9. translation mechanism
    10. magnetic plate of moving tracks
    11. palletizing unit
    12. longitudinal guides
    13. vertical rods
    14. crossbar
    15. sliding mechanism
    16. articulated arm
    17. braking means
    Thus, according to figures 1-A and 1-B, it can be seen how, in conventional systems, in a lung / conveyor (1) the containers (2) are introduced, from the entrance area (indicated by the referenced arrow as (3) in the figures), pushed in such a way that, naturally, they directly form a three-pin arrangement on the lung / conveyor itself (1) and, when the second litter (2b) is braked to separate it of the first litter (2a) already occupied by the pallet (4), by means of a brake device (5), said braking is carried out with the already formed triplet, as shown in Figure 1-A.
    As can be seen in said figure, with the conventional system the spaces of the first row (2c) of containers of the second litter (2b) are wasted, which are already occupying the final end of the pallet (4), but are relegated to The second litter.
    The temptation would be to stop the containers of the second litter (2b) in a back row, as shown in Figure 2-A, and take full advantage of the dimensions of the pallet (4) to the maximum. However, this would only be possible to carry out in the first litter (2a) since in the successive litters, gaps would be generated in the row next to the former (6), which is the piece that aligns the containers (2) at the final end of its route.
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    In fact, as seen in Figures 1-A and 1-B, the first row (2c) of the second litter (2b) will fit the profile of the former (6) as the arrangement of the packages that form said row complementary to said profile (the dashed lines in Figure 1-B show their placement when they are moved to the former. However, as shown in Figures 2-A, 2-B and 3, if braking is performed in a row (2c) later, the complementarity with the former (6) no longer exists, the successive litters would no longer be complementary to said former (6), as shown in the dashed lines of Figure 2-B, and that would make the correct use of the pallet (4), since the triplet is already formed and the containers fitted together, since the containers cannot move forward until completing the gaps near the former (6) as they are fitted together.
    To avoid this problem, the process of the invention comprises:
    - A first phase of distribution of the packages (2) in longitudinal channels (7) along the conveyor (1), as shown in Figure 4, with the help of a distributor (8).
    - And a second phase of formation of the tresbolillo, in three stages:
    - A first stage, where a longitudinal displacement of the rows (2d) of the containers (2) is carried out in the alternate channels (7) which, as shown in Figure 5, determines a offset of said containers (2) in the channels (7) contiguous, appropriate offset to later form the triplet, and which is carried out by means of a former (6) represented in Figure 6.
    - A second braking stage of the second litter (2b) in the lung / conveyor (1), which is carried out by means of a brake device (5), as shown in Figure 6, while the former moves a few centimeters in the direction of advance of the packages to separate the first litter (2a) from the second litter (2b).
    - And a third stage of fitting the packages (2) to form the pin, which, as shown in Figure 7, is carried out by means of a translation mechanism (9), formed by a magnetic plate with movable tracks (10), which at the same time collects the litter of containers and transports it to the pallet (4), moves the containers of
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    the channels (7) in a transverse direction to bring them closer together, forming the three-legged socket.
    On the other hand, as seen in Figures 8 and 9, the palletizing unit (11) for carrying out this procedure, comprising in a known manner a lung / conveyor (1) with brake device (5) and a former ( 6) to incorporate containers (2) by successive litters (2a, 2b) in a pallet (4), arranged to the tresbolillo, it is essentially distinguished by counting, in said lung / conveyor (1), with a series of guides (12) longitudinal channels that determine corresponding channels (7) where the containers (2) are aligned aligned, one after the other, in rows (2d) from the entrance area (3), the former (6) being provided with a profile coinciding with the width of said channels (7), and with a translation mechanism (9) of packages from the lung / conveyor (1) to the pallet (4), comprising a magnetic plate with movable tracks (10), coinciding in number and arrangement, with the channels (7) of the lung / conveyor (1), said moving tracks (10) presenting a movement of transverse displacement by means of actuators (18), a length similar to the length of the pallet (4) and a distance between centers similar to the distance between channel centers (7).
    It is important to note that said distance between centers will always be adjustable to be able to adapt to different formats or packaging measures, for which, both the guides (12) that determine the channels (7) of the lung / conveyor (1) and the mobile tracks (10) of the translation mechanism (9) are adaptable to different packaging widths.
    In this way, the magnetic plate with movable tracks (10) is placed on the first litter (2a), between the former (6) and the brake device (5) of containers, and by means of a downward movement it achieves that each of the tracks manages to collect their respective row of containers (2) from each channel (7) to, by means of another movement in the direction of ascent, manage to raise all the rows and rows of containers (2) that make up the initial litter (2a ).
    This translation mechanism (9) also has means of displacement of the mobile tracks (10) in a transverse direction, with respect to each other, which brings them closer together, fitting the containers of the adjacent channels (7), and which have previously moved slightly in a longitudinal direction to form the formation to the tresbolillo.
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    As noted above, in the preferred embodiment, the lung / conveyor (1) incorporates a distributor mechanism (8) in the inlet zone (3) of the containers (2), to favor the correct distribution thereof (2 ) in the channels (7), which is transverse or linear, depending on the geometric shape of the container.
    Figures 4 and 5 clearly show the mentioned channels (7) that determine the guides (12) of the lung / conveyor (1), showing an example of containers (2) with oval profile, therefore with a profile whose orientation with respect to to its axis it influences the formation of the tresbolillo.
    According to Figure 8, when the packages (2) have a profile whose orientation with respect to its axis does not influence the formation of the three-roll, for example those that are round, the distributor mechanism (8) is a transverse mechanism, being constituted by a set of vertical rods (13) incorporated in a crossbar (14) provided with means that provide them with alternative transverse movement, at the entrance of the channels (7), preventing jamming of the containers (2) in said area.
    And, as Figure 9 shows, when the packages have a profile where their orientation with respect to their axis does influence the formation of the three-roll, for example those that are oval, the distributor mechanism (8) is linear, being constituted by a sliding mechanism (15) to which an articulated arm (16) is incorporated through which the containers (2) pass, and in such a way that the rectilinear movement of one end of said articulated arm (16) is transformed into a variation of the angle of the arm to deposit the containers neatly in the different channels (7).
    Said arm also incorporates at its outlet end of the containers (2) braking means (17) of the containers to be able to release them in a timely manner, that is to say when the arm is aligned with the corresponding channel (7).
    In addition, the traction of the containers (2) through this articulated arm (16) is carried out by the movement of the lung / conveyor (1) itself or, optionally, aided by an air flow insufflated by a compressor or means similar (not represented) provided for the purpose that gives it greater speed.
    Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, 5 stating that , within its essentiality, may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it is not altered, changed or modified its principle fundamental.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
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    1. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION PROCEDURE OF PACKAGING, in particular round (2), curved or prismatic profile containers of more than four sides, which, by means of a lung / conveyor (1) with brake device (5) and a former ( 6) they are grouped into the tresbolillo by litters (2a, 2b) that form different levels in a pallet (4), characterized by comprising:
    - A first phase of distribution of the containers (2) in longitudinal channels (7) along the lung / conveyor (1), with the help of a distributor (8).
    - And a second phase of formation of the tresbolillo, in three stages:
    - A first stage, where a longitudinal displacement of the containers (2) of alternate channels (7) is carried out that determines a offset of the containers (2) in the adjacent channels, appropriate offset to later form the triplet, and which made by former (6).
    - A second braking stage of the second litter (2b) on the conveyor (1), which is carried out by means of a brake device (5), while the former moves a few centimeters in the direction of advance of the containers separating the first litter (2a) of the second litter (2b).
    - And a third stage of fitting the packages (2) to form the small roll that is carried out by means of a translation mechanism (9), formed by a magnetic plate with movable tracks (10), which at the same time collects the litter of containers and transports it to the pallet (4), moves the containers of the channels (7) in a transverse direction to bring them closer together, forming the lace to tresbolillo.
    [2]
    2. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, to carry out the method of claim 1 which, comprising a lung / conveyor (1) with brake device (5) and a former (6) to incorporate the containers (2) by successive litters (2a, 2b) on the pallet (4), it is characterized by having, in said lung / conveyor (1), a series of longitudinal guides (12) that determine
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    corresponding channels (7) where the packages (2) aligned one after the other are distributed from the entrance area (3), and with a mechanism of translation (9) of packages from the lung / conveyor (1) to the pallet (4) , comprising a magnetic plate with movable tracks (10), coinciding in number and arrangement, with the channels (7) of the lung / conveyor (1), said movable tracks (10) presenting a transverse displacement movement, a length similar to pallet length (4) and a distance between centers similar to the distance between channel centers (7).
    [3]
    3. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 2, characterized in that the form (6) is provided with a profile coinciding with the width of the channels (7) determined by the longitudinal guides (12) of the conveyor (1) .
    [4]
    4. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lung / conveyor (1) incorporates, in the entrance area (3) of the packages (2), a distributor mechanism (8) that makes the distribution of the containers (2) in the channels (7).
    [5]
    5. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the packages (2) have a profile whose orientation with respect to its axis does not influence the formation of the tresbolillo, for example those that are round, the mechanism Distributor (8) is a transverse mechanism.
    [6]
    6. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 5, characterized in that the transverse distributor mechanism (8) is constituted by a set of vertical rods (13) incorporated in a crossbar (14) provided with means that provide them with movement transverse alternative, to the entrance of the channels (7).
    [7]
    7. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the packages have a profile where their orientation with respect to their axis influences the formation of the tresbolillo, for example those that are oval, the distributor mechanism (8 ) is linear.
    [8]
    8. - INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 7, characterized in that the linear distributor mechanism (8) is constituted by a mechanism
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    of slide (15) to which an articulated arm (16) is incorporated through which the containers (2) pass, and in such a way that the rectilinear movement of one end of said articulated arm (16) is transformed into a variation of the Angle of the arm to deposit the containers neatly in the different channels (7).
    [9]
    9.- INDUSTRIAL PALETIZATION UNIT OF PACKAGING, according to claim 8, characterized in that the articulated arm (16), at its outlet end of the containers (2), has braking means (17) of the containers to be able to release them when the arm is aligned with the corresponding channel (7).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2656536B1|2018-12-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3193078A|1963-01-18|1965-07-06|Emhart Corp|Article divider for conveyors|
    US3682290A|1969-10-31|1972-08-08|George E Von Gal Jr|Can palletizer|
    JPS59108617A|1982-12-09|1984-06-23|Shinriyou Seikan Kk|Can aligning device in empty can palletizer|
    US4723649A|1986-07-21|1988-02-09|Hartness International|Apparatus for aligning articles in parallel rows|
    ES2155204T3|1995-09-27|2001-05-01|Heye Hermann Fa|DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMAT OF GLASS CONTAINERS TO FORM A LAYER OF A PALETTE.|
    US20100012462A1|2008-07-18|2010-01-21|Alain Cerf|Apparatus for nesting bottles|
    WO2010151384A1|2009-06-24|2010-12-29|Illinois Tool Works Inc.|Flight bar assembly, apparatus and methods for nestable collation of objects|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2656536 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20181218 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600673A|ES2656536B1|2016-08-09|2016-08-09|Procedure of industrial palletization of containers and palletizing unit to carry it out|ES201600673A| ES2656536B1|2016-08-09|2016-08-09|Procedure of industrial palletization of containers and palletizing unit to carry it out|
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