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    • 专利摘要:
    The levitador system, stabilizer and propeller for vehicles that circulate by air ducts, consists of a conduit inside whose interior they circulate wagons of the same form but of smaller section, with a separation between conduit and wagons of 0.1 to 10 cm. this separation is achieved with levitating means by separating channels or air chambers, air jets, longitudinally and transversely distributed, of the air-cushion type. With a propelling system by suction and blowing air by fans, fans or turbines driven by electric motors and automatic stabilization systems by peripheral air jets added to the stabilization created with the suction and insufflation. It can add a secondary system of propulsion, levitation and stabilization, of the type of permanent rotating magnets driven by electric motors. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2654912A1
    申请号:ES201600640
    申请日:2016-07-14
    公开日:2018-02-15
    发明作者:Manuel MUÑOZ SÁIZ；Jesús HERNÁNDEZ FEBLES
    申请人:Manuel MUÑOZ SÁIZ；Jesús HERNÁNDEZ FEBLES；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    LEVITER, STABILIZER AND PROPULSOR SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES THAT CIRCULATE BY AIR DUCTS
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION.-In land transport vehicles of passengers and very high speed goods, levitated by air mattress, magnetic wheels, air jets, air bearings and / or peripheral wheels with air jets between said wheels and conduit.
    OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES.
    Obtain an ultra-fast, simple car that can be placed on all types of terrain, on the ground, underground, elevated on columns, in sandy areas, water, etc. The nose and tail of the wagon do not need to take an aerodynamic or ogival shape, it is indifferent, it can be flat and even concave. It can be ultralight.
    Provide an economic system that does not derail, is not affected by winds, dust, sand, or weather and can compete with the plane on all types of routes. Initially it could be used to transport cargo.
    The front and rear feed resistance is eliminated by the suction applied to the nose and the pressure on the tail of the car.
    Use the simplest, simplest and cheapest levitation methods.
    It has the lowest friction resistance.
    Take advantage of most of the energy applied. (For doing everything in one outdoor enclosure. Endorsed by fluid mechanics.) The propulsion is carried out with minimal energy expenditure. Therefore: It has the minimum cost per kg. transported It has a minimum energy expenditure. The transport is very ecological, does not pollute or produce C02. It allows to reach very high speeds. Easily upload the slopes (No competition in all of the above). STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE. Levitation systems by air mattress or
    Current magnetic are not practical, they are difficult to feed with energy external to the car, use very expensive tracks and do not acquire very high speed. In addition, magnetic levitation needs to acquire 100 k.mIh for levitation to begin to take effect. They intend to use vacuum tubes, which reduce resistance but are more expensive, dangerous and difficult to stabilize systems. The present invention solves these problems since almost all the energy applied is used, the types of levitation applied are very simple and economical and very high speeds are obtained.
    PROBLEM TO SOLVE. Airplanes squander a lot of energy, suffer or are very affected by weather events and are very polluting. The trains have many speed problems due to the great friction suffered by their wheels, and in the case of the levitated, their tracks are excessively expensive. All this is resolved with the present invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.-The levitator, stabilizer and propeller system for vehicles that circulate through air ducts, of the invention, consists of a duct of circular, oval, semicircular section, of larger segment of circle, square or rectangular parallelogram by whose interior circulates wagons of equal form but of smaller section, with a separation of 0.1 cm. and 10 cm approximately between conduit and wagons, with levitation systems of air chambers and another of pressurized air channels, both of the type of air cushion, distributed longitudinally and transversely by the periphery of the wagons, a levitation system with rotating magnetic wheels , a levitation system using the air flow used in the propulsion of the wagons in the lower area between car and duct, a levitation system type pneumatic bearings, levitation systems using air jets perpendicular or inclined towards the duct and levitation by peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the duct that do not allow contact. With stabilization systems using the air chambers and other pressurized air cushion air channels, using rotating magnetic wheels, with the air flow used in the propulsion, with the air bearings, with the perpendicular air jets or inclined towards the conduit, with the peripheral wheels that carry air jets between them and the conduit, with electromagnets that attract the conduit and with multiple fins distributed inclined towards the back and the outside, around the vehicle, fins that deflect the air flow , a bushing or fin on the nose and another on the tail, which can divert the air in all directions, tilting the peripheral turbines, varying the rpm of some of the peripheral fans, varying the flow of the air jets. The stabilization can also be achieved by applying the separation signal received by the sensors to the peripherally distributed turbines which vary their separation according to their rpm or with inclined air injectors that when separated separate their separating action and increase it if they approach . Lateral or warping stabilization is achieved by ballasting the lower part of the wagons or with gyroscopes and applying the signal to electromagnets or inclined air jets that generate a reaction that straightens the vehicle. It can also be achieved by ballasting the vehicle. Most are automatic stabilization when the duct and wagon are approached excessively. A propellant system sucking air from the front area and throwing it backwards, and blowing air into the rear area through fans, fans or turbines powered by electric motors and another propulsion using the magnetic wheels operated with electric motors.
    The propulsion is achieved by large fans, fans or turbines of one or multiple stages driven by electric motors. At the same time, the suction of the compressors is used to help the propulsion, for this the air from the frontal area of the car will be sucked. If desired, the fans or fans are inclined upward to suck or direct the air back and down, producing part of the lift of the car. With these propulsion systems there is practically no friction due to floating or the car being levitated and the losses that occur in vehicles that move or rely on a fluid are avoided, in which at least 50% of the energy applied is lost by the propellers
    Using permanent magnet magnetic wheels, usually ceramic, it is not necessary to apply energy to levitate the wagons, only that used by the air jets to control the separation distance between the wagons or magnetic wheels and the ferromagnetic plate. Permanent magnets can have any direction, it is independent, only that they have to be placed parallel and with the same direction. The rotating magnetic wheels, on the upper face of the car, to produce or increase levitation are shaped like cylindrical wheels with a certain peripheral convexity. In these cases they will use ducts or bands of ferromagnetic material in the area of the duct near the car. Electromagnets can also be used, but with more energy expenditure and with a tendency to stop the vehicle.
    Levitation by means of air bearings consists in preferably applying one or more curved or flat peripheral bands in the lower part of the car that are adapted to the internal face of the duct of the same curved or flat surface. The duct plates are very porous and by applying pressure on their inner face they produce multiple bubbles between both surfaces that levitate the car. Those that are placed in the upper zone may be to stabilize or control excessive car levitation.
    Several systems are used which can be combined and used, complementing each other.
    Four modes of operation are used: a) Suction turbines or air blowers blow most of the air through the interior of the car, b) Suction turbines or air blowers or fans blow most of the air on the outside of the car, c) The turbines or suction and insufflator fans are applied to the duct in the area outside the duct in open circuit sections and d) The turbines or suction and insufflator fans are applied in the area outside the car, with the closed circuit conduit, which is the return and return conduit
    or in the opposite direction. Simultaneously, the car is levitated and stabilized longitudinally and transversely, which is done automatically causing the car to remain parallel and centered inside the duct. This can be done by applying the air jets through slots directly on the inner surface of the duct,
    or by the different separating chambers, so that when the car approaches the duct in some area, the air pressure increases and thus the repulsion, which automatically keeps the separation.
    The car being surrounded by the duct, creates between them and the longitudinal and transverse joints placed on the fuselage of the car but that do not make contact with the duct, the air separating chambers, distributed longitudinally and transversely, in which air is introduced under pressure by injectors and / or taking advantage of the turbine air flow. The cameras are levitating and stabilizing, with means to maintain the calibrated distance. Air jets and lower chambers with higher pressure produce levitation and stabilization automatically. The longitudinal peripheral channels act in the same way.
    Although pressurized air is applied to each of the separating chambers and the channels, part of the pressurized air circulates between the different chambers or channels.
    The air jets have two missions: One is to produce the pressurized air levitating chambers, another to create an area, the one with the impact of the jet, which avoids or opposes the approach of the car to the duct at that point. The impact zone of the air jet may be increased and delimited by a non-sealed circular or rectangular flap or joint, creating an area of greater pressure than the chamber external to said delimitation. Air jets or injectors can control stability in every way, the lower ones also control levitation and can be larger.
    The means to keep the wagon at a calibrated distance from the tube or the plate may consist of: a) Damper wheels, to which air jets are applied between the lower part of these and the duct, b) Chambers or separating channels of pressure, and c) Air jets applied to all faces, in this case as the duct approaches
    such jets will be automatically rejected, all the more, the more its proximity to any of them. A minimum of three or four jets will be used for each section. The air jets can also influence tangential or inclined, both transversely and longitudinally against the duct and act in such a way that the reaction is inversely proportional to the distance.
    Due to the high precision and small separation between the duct and the covers of the air chambers, the air leaks and the low pressure used are small, and the energy required to keep the wagon suspended is minimal.
    With the center of gravity below the duct, the car remains stabilized and acts pendulously and automatically in the curves and during its linear displacement. Gyroscopes and accelerometers can control the stabilization of wagons in straight displacement and in curves, by sending warp tilt signals to electromagnets that will variably attract longitudinal ferromagnetic bands or strips or to laterally inclined injectors for compensation. You can also control the separations or deviations from the longitudinal axis.
    A minimum of two to eight chambers are used, separated from each other by means of rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, the joints leave a small separation with the surface of the conduit and can be damped by means of straps placed in the area after said conduit. The lower separating chambers of higher pressure can be partially divided into two parts by means of a longitudinal and intermediate rubber separating joint. The separating chambers have several cross joints in front and rear areas of the wagons. These in conjunction with the longitudinal joints, and with their particular injectors, provide better stabilization to the wagons. A variant, instead of joints, uses projections or projections of the same material on the surface of the car or recesses in the central peripheral area, figure 2. The impact zones of the pressure air jet increased and delimited by circular joints or rectangular, they can be inside or outside the separating air chambers created between the main joints. The longitudinal joints can be placed inside the duct. The joints can be toroidal or fins with aerodynamic profiles. Four longitudinal joints can be used, or two as in figure 2.
    Limit wheels collaborate in cases of maximum displacement of the car over the duct or when it is at rest. The fin or flexible fins in the rear area allow better automatic control of the carriage duct separation.
    Batteries or fuel cells can be applied as electric generators. Batteries are used for emergency or power failure, both for motors and for installations.
    Fuel cells are applied because they are very ecological.
    In addition to the propulsion incorporated in the car, an external propulsion system consisting of blowing air in one direction of the closed duct circuit and sucking in the other direction in the opposite direction can be applied. Part of this air flow is captured by fans and serves to drive the stabilizing injectors. The flow of air blown or suctioned outside, in addition to acting as a propellant, is used to drive turbines that drive generators.
    The duct has normal and emergency exit doors, conveniently spaced, you can also use areas of weakening and easy breakage. In the tunnels or underwater, side ducts should be used for emergency exit. These lateral ducts may be those of the retaining line. The wagons can be articulated in the form of a caterpillar and can have the center of gravity at the height of the lower third of them.
    Container transport wagons can be used to externally give them the cylindrical shape and to be able to house the turbines and installations inside them, in order to be able to levitate, stabilize and propel them. Alternatively, rectangular parallelogram section ducts can be used
    The speed can be measured by counting with sensors the joints of the pipe sections in a certain period of time, with which the km / h is known. Speed is equal to the length of a section by the number of sections counted.
    External views can be used for travelers on television, or the conduit can be totally or partially transparent.
    The motors and electrical installations will try to run through external or sealed areas, so that they do not contaminate the air to be breathed. In this case, oxygen bottles or emergency systems that communicate the car with the outside could also be available.
    The duct should not be excessively consistent, except under water, since the applied pressures are very low. The air mattress used is very efficient and has the same and very small leaks for a car as for a convoy of several cars. The turbines will be used in pairs in counter rotation to avoid the torque.
    The ducts can run parallel or laterally parallel to each other.
    The transfer of energy to the vehicle is done without brushes, transferring it from the two conductive bands that run the duct longitudinally or at its base, by means of radiomagnetic or radiofrequency waves and also using an alternating current in which the separation between the ferromagnetic plates and the Longitudinal bands of the duct act as capacitors and therefore allow the flow of current without making contact.
    The nose and tail of the wagon do not need to take an aerodynamic or ogival shape, it is indifferent, it can be flat and even concave. Emergency braking is done by reducing the rpm of the fans, and by means of electromagnets that will attract the ferromagnetic bands or bands of the ducts. The air must be filtered by meters and conditioned before being introduced into the cars and breathed. In the event of an electrical or emergency failure, the batteries feed the car by driving the drive motors.
    Operation: When applying the power and without the need of the microprocessor, the wagons can levitate automatically by applying the pressurized chambers and the stabilizing and levitating air jets. Then with the application of external or internal flow to the car, it is accelerated and maintained stabilized by the microprocessor. In case of an excessive approach of the wagon to the duct, measured by the separation sensors or signals of accelerometers or gyroscopes, a separation is applied in the same area by means of air jets or attracting with electromagnets. If levitation fails
    or with the car at rest or stopped, the car rests on wheels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a
    wagon and duct or duct of the system of the invention.
    Figures 2, 3, 6, 7, 10 through 13, 18 and 19 show schematic and partially sectioned views of variants of the system of the invention.
    Figures 4, 5, 8, 9 and 14 at 17, 17a, and 20 at 25 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of variants of wagons and ducts of the system of the invention.
    Figures 26 and 27 show schematic and partially cross-sectional views of duct variants and their support columns. Figures 28, 29 and 29a show schematic views of two circuits or
    variant ducts of the system of the invention.
    Figure 30 shows a caterpillar type junction of two cars of the system of the invention. Figure 31 shows a schematic and perspective view of a duct and wagon portion in a station. Figure 32 shows a plan view of a terminal with a container storage dock.
    Figure 33 shows a block diagram of one way of operation.
    MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 6 shows a possible embodiment of the invention, with the car
    (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). The injectors (4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air on the left side, to the separating chambers generated between the duct or carcass, the wagon and the longitudinal joints (a, b and c). Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers. The lateral cameras on the left (ab and bc) are shown. The large fans or fans (3), front and rear are thrusters and with a small angle of inclination produce part of the lift or levitation by applying the air flow to the separating chambers. Stabilization can be achieved by applying the separation signal received by separation sensors to the peripherally distributed turbines (3) that vary in separation according to their rpm. or with inclined air injectors (4t) which, when separated, reduce their separating action and vice versa if they approach. The lower injectors are larger or send greater pressure or flow.
    Using air propeller turbines outside the car, these turbines are not necessary, only compressors and air injectors and engines for emergency operation would be used. The electric current would be generated by a turbine driven by the air jet. When any of the chambers are approached excessively to the duct, its pressure increases and automatically separates.
    Figure 1 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3) and another rear which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1). The forward can be placed on the tip of the nose. Carry some fins or circular joints around the fuselage of the car in the middle and rear front area (10f, 10m and 10r). Which create two chambers longitudinally, which by adding four longitudinal joints produces eight chambers, which are used to levitate and stabilize the car's fuselage.
    Figure 2 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses four large front fans (3) and other rear fans which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1). The wagon has a recess in its peripheral zone except in its front and rear area where it carries annular projections or can carry joints. By means of the side joints (d) and the (b) of the opposite side two pressurized chambers are created, the upper one of low pressure and the lower one of high pressure to produce levitation, it may be necessary to add the joints (1 Of Y 10r) of the Figure 1. By adding the circular joints (10f, 10m and 10r) of Figure 1, four pressurized chambers are obtained, which, in addition to levitation, serve to stabilize the wagons by varying their pressure.
    Figure 3 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which propel and suck the air between the car and the duct. Preferably through the lower area to produce levitation. Air can be passed between the car and the duct. The duct is tongue and groove (11) with the toroidal joint (12). Emergency braking is done with electromagnets (29). It shows the levitating and stabilizing channels (15). In the upper zone the (15s) that are smaller and only stabilizers.
    Figure 4 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements. It uses four large front fans (3), four longitudinal joints (a, b, c and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers (ab, bc, cd and da) in which they discharge the air injectors (4ab , 4bc, 4cd and 4da) respectively and other rear injectors which force the air between said chambers, and which together with the flow sent by the front fans generate the separation forces Fab, Fbc, Fcd and Fda respectively. The lower two are levitating, stabilizing and older. Also the injectors are larger or their flows. The upper ones are only stabilizing and add to the weight of the car. The separating chambers (ab, bc, cd and da) are further subdivided into eight, due to the three circular joints around the fuselage. The same goes for the forces. Add the peripheral stabilizing electromagnets (12).
    Figure 5 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1) similar to that of Figure 2 adding other elements. It uses four large front fans (3) and four longitudinal joints (a, b, c and d) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers (ab, bc on the left side). Add the limit or support wheels (6) in the lower zone for low speed and rest.
    Figure 7 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which suck the air inside the car. It is similar to that in Figure 3. The air between the car and the duct can be applied by injectors. Add four longitudinal joints, on the left side are shown the (a, b, c) creating between them, the fuselage and the duct the separating chambers. Three other circular joints not shown in the figure determine a total of eight chambers. The lateral cameras on the left (ab and bc) are shown. The injectors (4ab and 4bc) apply the pressurized air in the left lateral area to the separating chambers generated between the duct and the car.
    Figure 8 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses a large front fan (3a) and another rear which propel and suck the air inside the car. The air is preferentially applied or only by the lower zone to produce levitation, in a channel between the car and the duct. The stabilizer air injectors of the car are not shown, which will be distributed over three or four points around the car. In this case, it is better to use air jets as stabilizers than stabilizer chambers.
    Figure 9 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Use as magnetic levitators the wheels (7) that are retracted by the ferromagnetic longitudinal bands (8). It shows the damping wheels (6) or low speed, which is kept separated by air jets applied between its lateral, front and rear areas and the duct, automatically acting as stabilizers. It shows in the lower zone the levitating and stabilizing channels (15) and in the upper zone the stabilizers (15s).
    Figure 10 shows the container wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1), inside it carries the containers (20). It uses four large front fans (3p) and another four rear which force air between the monocoque fuselage of the wagon and the duct (1). The duct is tongue and groove (11) with the toroidal joint (12).
    Figure 11 shows the container wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). It uses a large front fan (3p) and another rear which force the air between the monocoque fuselage of the car and the duct (1).
    Figure 12 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). Use a big fan
    front (3p) And another rear which suck the air inside the container car. The air between the car and the duct is not shown in the figure.
    Figure 13 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). The car is driven by turbines or impeller pumps external to said car. The air flow is driven as shown by the white or contoured arrows. A compressor (21) provides the air flow to the injectors controlling the separation or stabilization of the car with respect to the duct.
    Figure 14 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). The container wagon carries between its periphery and the containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), in addition to facilities, etc.
    Figure 15 shows the wagon (2p) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). Inside it carries the containers (20). The container wagon carries between its periphery and the containers some cameras that in this case are used to house the turbines (3p), wheels (6p), in addition to facilities, etc.
    Figure 16 shows the carriage (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It has two longitudinal cavities in the upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (3S), two in the front area and two in the rear. In the lower zone it has two longitudinal cavities, mainly levitating and, secondly, stabilizers in which the flow of air operated by the fans (3L), two front and two rear, circulates. The vectors show the stabilizing and sustaining forces applied (FS and FL).
    Figure 17 shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It has three longitudinal cavities in the middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (3S), and another three in the rear. In the lower area it has a longitudinal cavity mainly levitating and second stabilizing in which the flow of air driven by the large fan (3L) and another in the rear area circulates. The vectors show the stabilizing and sustaining forces applied (FS and FL).
    Figure 17a shows the wagon (2) of circular section that is surrounded by the conduit (1). It uses levitation by air bearings, blowing pressurized air through the duct (30) the chamber (31) adjacent to the porous plate (32) that produces multiple air bubbles in its face in contact with the vehicle. The camera (33) is left free for
    the case of the fall of some object in the internal zone. The wheel (6s) limits its upper travel but does not touch by having air jets between the wheel and the duct.
    Figure 18 shows the duct (1) the car (2) with a stabilization system in the nose and the tail of the car in which the longitudinal rudders (13) are inclined with the electromagnets (12) swinging on the ball joints (14 ) depending on the separation signals sent by four sensors.
    Figure 19 shows the duct (1) and inside the car (2r) covered its surface by multiple fins tilted back (24r), which once levitated by the cameras and levitating injectors, contribute to stabilize it, centering the car in the duct.
    Figure 20 shows an oval duct (1 v) and oval wagon (2v), showing the longitudinal joints (a, b, e and d).
    Figure 21 shows a semicircular duct (1 s) and semi-circular wagon (2s).
    Figure 22 shows a circular sector duct of about 270 ° (1 g) and circular sector wagon of about 270 ° (2g). Figure 23 shows a rectangular duct (Ir) and rectangular wagon (2r). Figure 24 shows a trapezoidal section duct (1 t) and trapezoidal car (2r).
    You can carry the joints in a similar way to figure 23. Figure 25 shows an open and U-shaped duct 21r) and wagon or container carrier (2r). In figures 21 through 25 the longitudinal joints are used but not mentioned. In the systems of Figures 20 through 25, lateral stabilization is easier. Figure 26 shows a form of support for the ducts (1) by means of the half rods (26) and these in turn with the columns (27).
    Figure 27 shows a form of support for the ducts (1) by means of the half rods (26) and these in turn with the columns (27). Add the conduit (28) useful for carrying the facilities and for moving cars or maintenance personnel. All three carry the corresponding access gates to the main ducts.
    Figure 28 shows a possible closed circuit with a one-way car on (2) and another on the back (2a). The pumps (7 and 7a) drive the wagons by sending an air jet behind them and sucking from their frontal zone in which the valves (9 and 9a) and the ducts (8 and 8a) intervene, which close stop sucking when the car approaches the area.
    Figure 29 shows a circuit variant with a one-way car on (2b) and another one
    I return on (2c). The pumps (7b and 7c) propel the cars by sending an air jet behind them and sucking from their frontal area in which the valves (9 and 9a) intervene, which close, stopping sucking when the car approaches to the area Instead of using a closed circuit, at the ends it uses a change of direction and track.
    Figure 29a shows a variant of circuit or conduit (1) in which external pressurization and suction is applied in sections by means of the pump or compressor (7d). Pressurized air is applied through the rear area of the car (2d) and front suction until the car reaches the T-point or junction with the duct at which time the sections between the T and the valve are slightly compressed and the valve opens (9d) forward and until it goes to the next section where this performance is repeated automatically.
    Figure 30 shows the bellows or track type junction (22) between two wagons (1).
    Figure 31 shows the conduit (1) with the door (1p) open at a station at the moment when the car door (2p) is in front of it. A staircase with steps (lc) facilitates the descent and rise of passengers.
    Figure 32 shows the arrival duct (1), going up a ramp (23) for deceleration in a loading terminal and once stopped changes direction and is stored in the storage vines (24). The arrows show the itinerary.
    Figure 33 shows a microprocessor that processes the signals of: Gyroscopes, accelerometers, four front and four rear separation sensors, gas control, brakes, front and rear area weight, or duct rupture, detected by pressure changes along the duct. Once processed, the microprocessor provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four of the front stabilization control and four rear signals, signaling the front and rear zone levitation signals sent to the injectors, fin actuators or electromagnets and signals of system fault warning, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.
    权利要求:
    Claims (45)
    [1]
    l. Levitator, stabilizer and propeller system for vehicles with wagons that circulate through air ducts characterized by the separation between wagons and
    duct is in the range of 0.1 cm to 10 cm and by which it comprises: a) levitating means consisting of pressurized air chambers formed by joints between the wagons and the duct, the lower chambers being of larger dimensions or of greater pressure: between wagons, the duct and some joints,
    the lower chambers are larger or higher pressure;b) stabilizing means consisting of perpendicular air jets orinclined in relation to the duct;c) drive means consisting of fans driven by motors
    electric;d) and means of power supply consisting of batteries.
    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises
    Levitating means consisting of air channels around the carriages, both of the air cushion type, distributed longitudinally and transversely along the periphery of the carriages, the lower ones are of larger dimensions or of greater pressure
    [3]
    3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises levitating means consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.
    [4]
    Four. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises as levitation means the air flow used in the propulsion of the wagons in the lower area between car and duct.
    [5]
    5. Segtill system claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises levitating means consisting of air bearings.
    [6]
    6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises levitating means consisting of fins that deflect the air flow downwards.
    [7]
    7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises levitating means consisting of perpendicular or inclined air jets in relation to the duct.
    [8]
    8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises levitating means consisting of peripheral wheels with air jets between the surface of the wheel and the duct.
    [9]
    9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of pressurized air chambers of the mattress type of
    air, placed around the cars.
    System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of pressurized air channels, of the air mattress type, placed around the wagons.
    [11]
    eleven. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of rotating magnetic wheels.
    [12]
    12. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the air flow used in the propulsion.
    [13]
    13. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of air bearings.
    [14]
    14. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises stabilization means consisting of peripheral wheels that carry air jets between them and the duct.
    [15]
    fifteen. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises stabilization means consisting of electromagnets that attract the conduit.
    [16]
    16. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of multiple distributed fins inclined backwards and outwards, around the vehicle.
    [17]
    17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of a bushing or fin in the nose and another in the tail.
    [18]
    18. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the inclination of the peripheral turbines.
    [19]
    19. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the variation of the rpm of at least one of the peripheral slanes.
    [20]
    twenty. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of the separation signal received by the sensors and applies it to peripherally distributed turbines.
    [21]
    twenty-one. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises stabilization means consisting of inclined injectors, which when separated reduce their separating action and vice versa when they approach.
    [22]
    22 System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises lateral stabilization or warping means consisting of the ballasting of the wagons and application of the signal to electromagnets or inclined air jets that generate a reaction that straightens the vehicle.
    [23]
    2. 3. System according to claim 1, further comprising propulsion means consisting of magnetic wheels actuated with electric motors.
    [24]
    24. System according to claim characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of fuel cells.
    [25]
    25. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of electrical bands along the conduit and the current is transferred to the interior by electromagnetic or radiofrequency waves.
    [26]
    26. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supply means consisting of electrical bands along the conduit and the current is transferred to the interior as an alternating current using conduit and vehicle bands acting as capacitors.
    [27]
    27. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises power supplies consisting of a microprocessor which processes the signals of: gyroscopes, accelerated meters, four front separation sensors and another four rear distributed around the car, gas control, brakes, detection Leakage of the duct, weight of the front and rear area, the microprocessor once processed provides and sends multiple and repetitive signals: Four of stabilization control front and other four rear, signaling levitation signals front area and rear area sent to injectors, fin actuators or electromagnets and warning signs of system failures, speed control, braking, propulsion and speed indication.
    [28]
    28. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses filters for filtering the air that is introduced into the cars.
    [29]
    29. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating magnetic wheels have cylindrical shape and peripheral convexity.
    [30]
    30 System according to claim 2, characterized in that the air chambers use rubber, plastic or metal separating joints, and leave a small separation with the surface of the duct, they are created between two or four longitudinal joints and two or three
    [31]
    31. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact zones of the
    Pressurized air jet are delimited by circular or rectangular section joints, which are placed inside and outside the air chambers.
    [32]
    32 System according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear and front area of the wagons, where the air chambers end, are topped by flexible fins.
    [33]
    33. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the cars have the center of gravity in the lower third thereof, placing most of the cargo and facilities in said area.
    [34]
    3. 4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct has normal and emergency exit doors throughout the circuit, conveniently spaced, and the duct has areas of weakening and easy breakage.
    [35]
    35 System according to claim 1, characterized by using cylindrical container wagons that house the turbines and installations inside, in addition to the containers.
    [36]
    36. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons are of circular section and have two longitudinal cavities in the upper area in which a forced air flow circulates through the fans or stabilizing fans (3S) and in the lower area it has two longitudinal cavities mainly Levitators and second stabilizers in which the air flow driven by the fans (3L) circulates, these fans are applied in the anterior and posterior areas of the wagons.
    [37]
    37. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons are of circular section and have three longitudinal cavities in the middle and upper zone in which a forced air flow circulates through fans or stabilizing fans (3S) and another three in the rear area, in the lower zone it has a longitudinal cavity, mainly levitation and second stabilizer and through which the air flow circulates through a fan (3L) in the front area and another in the rear area.
    [38]
    38. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses pairs of turbines, fans or fans that rotate in counter rotation.
    [39]
    39. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is circular in section.
    [40]
    40 System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is oval in section.
    [41]
    41. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is of semicircular section.
    [42]
    42 System according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduit is of section of greater segment of Circle.
    [43]
    43. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is sectional
    square. 5
    [44]
    44. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is of rectangular parallelogram section.
    [45]
    Four. Five. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagons have the same external shape as the ducts, but of smaller section.
     l ~ a FIG. 3 
    ~ ab 1
    , Fab
    CD
    . Fcd
    Fbc
     FIG. 5 
    1 ab 2
     FIG. 6
    FIG. 7
    3rd
    "
     FIG. 8
    FIG. 9
     FIG. 14 
    6p
     FIG. 15
    [2]
    2 .-- A..L ·
     FIG. 16
    3s
     Fs • Fs 3s
    ... t ...
    FL Fs
    FIG. 17
     FIG. 17a 
     FIG. 18 
     FIG. 19 
    FIG. 20 FIG. 21 FIG. 22
    lt
    ~
    2nd
    2t
    II
    2nd I
    I
     FIG. 23
    FIG. 24 FIG. 25
    00
     FIG. 26 FIG. 27 
    , .Q
    0
    'M,
    M
    •
    •
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ,
    YGPS r gyroscopes ---
    ACCELEROMETERS
    r-
    --
    -
    SENSORl
    one-
    LATER: SENSOR 2
    one-
    BACK: SENSOR 3
    l-
    LATER: SENSOR 4
    one-
    LATER
    I-
    GAS CONTROLCOMMAND OR PEDAL
    F---
    BRAKESWEIGHT AREA
    -
    LEADAND REAR
    BREAK
    ~
    CONDUIT
    - CONTROL OF
    M .-SPEED
    one
    and
    R
    or
    PR
    orand
     ANDSTO 
    D
    or
    R
    INDICATOR
    one-
    SPEED
    ACTUATOR
    BRAKES
     -1 I 
    ro-- FRONT AREA LEVITATION
    F-- ZONE LEVITATION
    REAR NOTICE OF
    - FAULTS
    FIG. 33
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2654912B1|2018-11-30|
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    ES201600640A|ES2654912B1|2016-07-14|2016-07-14|Levitator, stabilizer and propeller system for vehicles that circulate through air ducts|ES201600640A| ES2654912B1|2016-07-14|2016-07-14|Levitator, stabilizer and propeller system for vehicles that circulate through air ducts|
    PCT/ES2017/000099| WO2018011443A1|2016-07-14|2017-07-13|Levitation, stabilisation and propulsion system for vehicles travelling through air ducts|
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