• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Lifting device and method of operation of said lifting device. Lifting device comprising: - a traveler set (1), - a gap (3) through which the traveler set (1) can move, - a gap element (4) that at some point in the path of the traveler set (1) is in a space between a wall (3 ') of the gap (3) and said traveler set (1), and - sealing means (5) located in the traveler assembly (1), which can move between an active position and an inactive position, so that the minimum distance between the wall (3 ') of the gap (3) and the means of the shutter (5) in the active position is smaller than in the inactive position, where the shutter means (5) automatically pass from the active position to the inactive position when the traveling set (1) in its path is placed next to the active element. Hollow (4). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2652370A1
    申请号:ES201631057
    申请日:2016-08-01
    公开日:2018-02-01
    发明作者:Endika COCHO ERAUSKIN
    申请人:Orona S Coop；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Lifting apparatus and method of operation of said lifting apparatus TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    A first aspect of the present invention relates to a lifting apparatus, while a second aspect refers to a method of operation of said lifting apparatus, having application in the lifting apparatus industry, and more specifically in the field of systems. and safety devices, making it possible to dispense with the installation of safety rails on the traveling assembly in certain cases in which said safety railing is required.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    In the field of lifting devices without a machine room, a minimum number of elements and components are located outside the hollow of the lifting device through which the passenger assembly moves, so that the performance of inspection, maintenance or Repair of the lifting device requires that an operator enter the interior of the hole, it is usual that said maintenance operator has to be placed on the roof of the cabin to access components such as the traction unit, which is usually located in the extreme area top of the hole, so that during the performance of this type of work the roof of the cabin is used as a work platform by the operator.
    There is a risk of falling into the hole during such maintenance work on the cabin roof. Said risk increases as the clearance between the traveling assembly and the wall of the elevator shaft increases. That is why the different applicable regulations establish a series of requirements to reduce the risk of falling in the event that the free space between the traveling assembly and the wall of the gap is excessive. The means known in the state of the art that avoid the risk of falling into the hollow can be handrails and / or fixed ailerons (appendages, extensions and / or extensions) on the car roof.
    The own use of railings entails intrinsic risks such as those resulting from entrapment of limbs in extreme positions or making it possible to work in
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    non-ergonomic work positions when an operator is close and / or supported on them. In addition, apart from limiting work-free space, they often reduce the space available to locate a necessary safety shelter on the roof of the traveling assembly to prevent the risk of crushing when the traveling assembly is in one of its extreme positions.
    The arrangement of fixed ailerons, as described in different documents, among others in European Patent Application No. EP-1849732-A1, and in Japanese patent application No. JP-2002128433-A, reduce the risk of falling into the hole, which makes it possible to dispense with the installation of the railing in certain cases.
    The problem that arises with said fixed ailerons is that the ability to transversely seal the free space between the traveling assembly and the wall of the gap is conditioned by the hollow elements (protruding element of the hollow wall or the counterweight itself) with the which could collide, sometimes making it not enough to prevent the operator from falling into the hole.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    This patent proposes to transversely seal the clearance between the traveling assembly and the hollow wall of the lifting apparatus using a mobile spoiler, even if there may be a projection or collision between the mobile spoiler and the hollow element (protruding element of the hollow wall or the counterweight itself) at certain points in the trajectory of the traveling set, thus avoiding the risk of the operator falling between the free space between the traveling set and the hollow wall of the lifting device. For this, the condition that the mobile wing must be collected and / or folded during the crossing with said hole element (protruding element of the hole wall or the counterweight itself) must be met, so that they do not contact during That transitory situation. This solution avoids having to install a railing on the roof of the traveling assembly.
    A first aspect of the present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus, which makes it possible to dispense with the installation of railing on the roof of the traveling assembly by extending the traveling assembly to the hollow wall until avoiding the risk of the operator falling. on the roof of the traveling set during maintenance or other tasks such as inspection, repair and modernization. The invention
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    This risk of falling can be avoided while preventing the mobile wing from colliding with a hollow element during the crossing.
    The lifting apparatus proposed by the invention comprises:
    - a traveling set, which in turn comprises a cabin,
    - a gap, comprising at least one wall, through which the traveling assembly can move along a path defined by a direction of travel,
    - at least one hollow element, which can be fixed or mobile, and which, at some point in the trajectory of the traveling set, is in a space between said, at least one, wall and said traveling set, and
    - shutter means located in the traveling assembly, where said shutter means can be moved between an active position and an inactive position, so that the minimum distance between said at least one wall of the gap and the shutter means in the position active is smaller than in the inactive position, so that in the inactive position the sealing means cannot contact said at least one hollow element at any point in the path of the traveling assembly, while in the active position yes they can contact when the traveling set in their trajectory is placed next to said, at least one, hollow element.
    Well, according to the invention, the sealing means automatically move from the active position to the inactive position when the traveling assembly in its path is positioned next to said path, at least one hollow element.
    The safety problem that underlies the distance requirements established in the different applicable regulations is to avoid the fall into the hole of an operator that is on the roof of the traveling assembly due to the free space that remains between it and the wall of the hole. As mentioned previously, in the state of the art this problem is solved by means of railings or the extension of fixed elements, with the problems previously mentioned.
    The invention allows, unlike the safety elements of the state of the art, the automatic passage from the active to the inactive position when the traveling assembly intersects with the hollow element. Thus, the invention allows the use of a railing to be avoided since the sealing means maintain the minimum required distance between the sealing means and the wall of the gap, along the entire trajectory of the traveling assembly, but
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    collect and / or fold at the time of crossing with a hollow element, such as the counterweight.
    In the active position the sealing means are extended and the minimum distance between the sealing means and the hole wall is reduced, that is, they can occupy a space that is in vertical projection with the hollow element, while in the inactive position the shutter means are retracted, avoiding collision during the trip with any hollow element. Although it has been defined that in the active position the sealing means and the hollow element can collide, it should be considered that in such a situation there may be no contact, although a sufficiently small minimum distance is maintained, within the established tolerances by applicable regulations, such that such contact may occur.
    Therefore, the sealing means, which may consist of a mobile wing, have the function of increasing the projection in plan of the traveling set so that there is no risk of falling through the free space between the traveling set and the hole wall, which It is definitely the problem to solve. The sealing means have sufficient strength to withstand the fall of a person. Said sealing means are located or mounted in the traveling set so that they can move with respect to said traveling set but without being able to separate from them, that is, they are articulated to it or mounted in a guided manner, allowing a certain movement path. . In this sense, given the definition made, it is considered that the shutter means, as such, are mobile, and the defined distances are those referred to said shutter means. However, as is obvious, the assembly, location or connection of the sealing means to any part of the traveling assembly can be done by means of fixed structural elements, which do not intervene in the definitions of distances made, that is, said fixed structural elements they may be at a smaller distance from the wall than the shutter means themselves when they are in the active position. The distance defined in the invention is always between the sealing means, which are movable, and the wall of the gap. On the other hand, the sealing means can be rigid or flexible.
    It is contemplated that the shutter means comprise regulating means to define their active position, that is, that the shutter means need not be fully extended or deployed to fulfill the function of avoiding the risk of falling.
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    It is also contemplated that the regulating means may allow adjusting the location or relative position of the sealing means with respect to the traveling assembly.
    The trajectory of the traveling set defines the direction of travel, as a displacement between an initial and an end point, which is considered to define a travel of the traveling set understood as any sequence of displacements that can be made between the two extreme points.
    The possibility is contemplated that the lifting apparatus comprises means for detecting the relative position of said at least one hollow element with respect to the traveling assembly and activation means acting on the sealing means to pass them between the active and inactive positions. Below, various embodiments are described for the activation means and the means for detecting the relative position between the hollow element and the traveling assembly, according to the invention.
    Also, it is contemplated that in a normal mode of operation of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means are kept in the inactive position. However, although it is not a preferred embodiment, it is also contemplated that in the normal mode the sealing means are in the active position and that they pass to the inactive position only when their crossing with the hollow element occurs, obviously for Avoid your collision.
    On the other hand, it is contemplated that in an inspection mode of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means are in the active position, except when the traveling set in its path is located next to said, at least one, hollow element, which they go to the inactive position automatically, so that the sealing means and said, at least one, hollow element do not contact. Then, according to a preferred embodiment, it is contemplated that once the hollow element is overcome, saved or exceeded, the method comprises that the sealing means return to the automatically active position.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, a hollow element is a counterweight. Within this embodiment, it is contemplated that the traveling assembly comprises at least one flat side facing the counterweight, the sealing means being placed in correspondence with said at least one flat side.
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    On the other hand, according to another embodiment of the invention, a hollow element is a fixed element located in the hollow. Specifically, it is contemplated that said recess element protrudes from the recess wall. That is to say, a projection of the wall of the hole is considered an element of the hole, in which case, an irregularity or protuberance of the hole itself can collide with the sealing means in the event that they were maintained during the crossing in the active position. .
    The possibility is contemplated that the sealing means are located in the upper area of the traveling assembly.
    It is contemplated that the shutter means themselves can be used as a work platform by the operators.
    It is contemplated that the sealing means may adopt any shape and / or geometry that corresponds to the free space, between the traveling assembly and the wall, to be sealed transversely.
    The displacement of the sealing means between the active and inactive positions is contemplated to occur by angular displacement with respect to the traveling set, that is to say by abatement, or by linear displacement with respect to the traveling set, that is to say telescopic or extensible, and even by combination of both.
    It is contemplated that the lifting apparatus comprises at least one sensor that detects the position of the sealing means.
    A second aspect of the invention relates to a method of operation of an elevator apparatus such as the one described above, in which if the sealing means are in the active position and the traveling assembly is moving, when said traveling assembly, in its path, is placed next to said, at least one, hollow element, the sealing means automatically go to the inactive position.
    The possibility is contemplated that in a normal mode of operation, the method has the shutter means in the inactive position, so that when the lifting apparatus goes into an inspection mode the shutter means goes to the active position. This passage of the shutter means from the inactive to the active position when the lifting device enters the inspection mode is contemplated to be carried out both automatically, it is
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    say without the specific intervention of an operator to activate the shutter means independently of the activation of the inspection mode itself, as manually, that is to say that the operator after deliberately selecting the inspection mode, has to deliberately activate the own means of obturation.
    Thus the free space between the traveling assembly and the wall of the gap is sealed transversely when the apparatus is in inspection mode or when the operator accesses the roof of the traveling assembly. The normal operation of the lifting device changes to the inspection mode when a person accesses the roof of the traveling assembly, and this can be done manually or automatically, in turn.
    It is contemplated that once the crossing has been passed, the sealing means will return to the active position when the lifting apparatus is in inspection mode. Likewise, it is contemplated that when the inspection mode is changed to normal mode, the shutter means pass from the active position to the inactive position, either manually or automatically, and is maintained in the latter.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. For illustrative purposes and not limitation, the following has been represented:
    Figure 1 shows two schematic elevational views of the active and inactive positions, views a and b, respectively, of an embodiment of the lifting apparatus of the invention, in which the hollow element is a counterweight and the sealing means make a displacement. angular.
    Figure 2 shows two schematic perspective views of the active and inactive positions, views a and b respectively, represented in the embodiment of Figure 1, of an embodiment in which the activation means are mechanical.
    Figure 3.- Shows two schematic elevational views of the active and inactive positions, views a and b respectively, of an embodiment in which the hollow element is a
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    fixed element located in the gap and the sealing means perform an angular displacement.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    In view of the figures outlined, especially in the general views of Figures 1 and 3, it can be seen how in one of the possible embodiments of the invention the lifting apparatus proposed by the invention comprises:
    - a traveling assembly (1), which has been schematically represented as an assembly in which the cabin is not graphically differentiated from its corresponding structural part,
    - a gap (3), comprising at least one wall (3 ’), through which the traveling assembly (1) can move along a path defined by a direction of travel (2),
    - at least one hollow element (4), which can be fixed, as in the embodiment of Figure 3, or mobile, as in the embodiment of Figure 1, and which, at some point in the path of the traveling assembly ( 1), is located in a space between said wall (3 ') and said traveling assembly (1), and
    - sealing means (5) located in the traveling assembly (1).
    The sealing means (5) can move between an active position and an inactive position, so that the minimum distance between said wall (3 ') of the gap (3) and the sealing means (5) in the active position is smaller than in the inactive position.
    In this way, in the inactive position the sealing means (5) cannot contact the hollow element (4) at any point in the path of the traveling assembly (1), while in the active position they can contact when the traveling set (1) in its trajectory is located next to the hollow element (4). The fact that they can contact does not mean that such contact necessarily has to occur, but that the minimum distance between the traveling set and the element of the gap is so small, that in the case of any small transverse displacement of the traveling set (1) and / or hollow element (4) due to the gaps in the guidance system, vibrations, elastic deformations, etc., in the case of being mobile, it can cause said contact to occur.
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    Well, according to the invention, the sealing means (5) automatically pass from the active position, represented in views a of figures 1 to 3, to the inactive position, represented in views b of said figures, when the traveling set (1) in its path is located next to the hollow element (4).
    In the active position the sealing means (5) are extended and the minimum distance between the sealing means (5) and the wall (3 ') of the gap (3) is reduced, while in the inactive position the means of Seals (5) are retracted, avoiding any possibility of collision during the trip with any hollow element (4).
    Therefore, the sealing means (5) can consist of a mobile wing, as a metal sheet, plastic plate, grid or net, which has the function of increasing the projection in plan of the traveling assembly (1) to eliminate the risk of falling through the free space between the traveling set (1) and the wall (3 ') of the hole (3). The sealing means (5) have sufficient strength to support an operator who is developing e.g. ordinary maintenance and / or repair tasks. The sealing means can be rigid or flexible.
    As can be seen from the schematic representation made in the figures, the sealing means (5) are located or mounted on the traveling set (1) so that they can move with respect to said traveling set (1) but without being able to reach separate from this, that is, they are articulated to the traveling assembly (1), as in the case of figures 1 to 3, allowing a certain movement path. In this sense, given the definition made, it is considered that the sealing means (5), as such, are mobile, and the defined distances are those referred to said sealing means (5). However, as is obvious, the assembly, situation or connection of the sealing means (5) to any part of the traveling assembly (1), can be carried out by means of fixed structural elements that do not intervene in the definitions of distances made. That is, said fixed structural elements may be less distance from the wall (3 ’) than the distance between the sealing means (5) and the wall when they are in the active position
    It is contemplated that the sealing means (5) comprise regulating means to define their active position, that is to say that the sealing means (5) do not have to be fully extended or deployed, as in the views represented in the figures, to fulfill the function of avoiding the risk of falling.
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    It is also contemplated that the regulating means may allow adjusting the location or relative position of the sealing means with respect to the traveling assembly.
    It is contemplated that the lifting apparatus comprises means for detecting the relative position of the hollow element (4) with respect to the traveling assembly (1) and activation means (6) acting on the sealing means (5) to pass them between the active and inactive positions.
    - Among the options, it is contemplated to use absolute position sensing sensors of the traveling assembly in the hollow of the lifting device through which it travels
    - Relative position or proximity sensors.
    Among the options contemplated for the activation means (6) are included, among others, the following options:
    - Mechanical means, represented in Figure 2, which may consist of a slip tied to a fixed element of the lifting apparatus, such as guides, guide supports, claws or the hollow wall (3 ') itself, or well attached to the hole element itself (4) so that it affects the sealing means (5) itself, so that it is the activation means (6) and not the hole element itself (4) that acts with the means shutter (5).
    - Electromechanical means, which may consist of an electromagnet that displays the sealing means (5) when it receives, from the means to detect the position described above, a crossing signal between the traveling assembly (1) and the hollow element (4).
    According to a preferred embodiment, in a normal mode of operation of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means (5) are kept in the inactive position.
    On the other hand, it is contemplated that in an inspection mode of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means (5) are in the active position, except when the traveling assembly (1) in its path is located next to the hollow element (4 ), which go to the inactive position automatically, so that the sealing means (5) and the hollow element (4) do not contact.
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    According to a preferred embodiment, it is contemplated that once the hollow element (4) has been overcome, saved or exceeded, after the foregoing, the method comprises that the sealing means (5) return to the active position automatically.
    In any case, according to the invention the following situations have a place.
    In normal mode it can happen that:
    1. - The sealing means (5) are always in the inactive position until an operator accesses the roof of the traveling assembly (1).
    2. - The sealing means (5) are always in active position and automatically become inactive when it corresponds to the crossing of the hollow element (4).
    In inspection mode, it can occur that:
    1. - The sealing means (5) are always in their active position when an operator accesses the roof of the traveling assembly (1).
    2. - To be able to move the traveling set (1) in inspection mode, one of these two situations must occur:
    2.1. - The shutter means (5) are in active position (at least one sensor detects it).
    2.2. - The sealing means (5) are in an inactive position (at least one sensor detects it) and also the maneuver control system of the lifting device recognizes, by means of sensors to detect the relative position of the hollow element (4) with respect to the assembly traveler (1), that the whole traveler is in the crossing zone. Only adding these two conditions ensures that the operator has no risk of falling.
    According to an embodiment of the invention represented in FIG. 1, the hollow element (4) is a counterweight. Within this embodiment, it is contemplated that the traveling assembly (1) comprises at least one flat side facing the counterweight (4), the sealing means (5) being placed in correspondence with said flat side.
    On the other hand, according to another embodiment of the invention, represented in Figure 3, the hollow element (4) is a fixed element located in the hollow (3). Specifically, it
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    contemplates that said hollow element (4) protrudes from the wall (3 ’) of the hollow (3). That is, a projection of the wall (3 ') of the recess (3) is considered an element of the recess (4), in this case, an irregularity or protuberance of the recess itself (3) can collide with the sealing means (5 ) in the event that it remained during the crossing in the active position.
    The possibility is contemplated that the sealing means (5) are located in the upper area of the traveling assembly (1), as in the cases represented in the figures.
    The displacement of the sealing means (5) between the active and inactive positions is contemplated to occur by angular displacement with respect to the traveling assembly (1), that is to say by abatement, as represented in Figures 1 to 3, or by linear displacement with respect to the traveling assembly (1), that is to say in a telescopic or extensible manner, and even by combination of both, not shown in the figures.
    Additionally, it is also contemplated that the lifting apparatus comprises at least one sensor that detects the position of the sealing means (5), preferably said sensor comprises an electrical contact
    A second aspect of the invention relates to a method of operation of an elevator apparatus such as the one described above, in which if the sealing means (5) are in the active position and the traveling assembly (1) is moving, when said traveling assembly (1) in its path is located next to said, at least one hollow element (4), the sealing means (5) automatically go to the inactive position.
    The possibility is contemplated that in a normal mode of operation, the method comprises the sealing means (5) in the inactive position, so that when the lifting apparatus goes into an inspection mode the sealing means (5) becomes The active position. This passage of the shutter means (5) from the inactive to the active position when the lifting device enters the inspection mode is contemplated to be performed both automatically, that is to say without specific intervention by an operator to activate the shutter means (5) independently of the activation of the inspection mode itself, as manually, that is to say that the operator, after selecting the inspection mode, has to deliberately activate the shutter means (5) independently.
    Thus the free space between the traveling assembly and the wall of the hole is sealed transversely
    when the device is in inspection mode or when an operator accesses the roof of the traveling assembly. The normal operation of the lifting device changes to the inspection mode when a person accesses the roof of the traveling assembly, and this can be done manually or automatically, in turn.
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    It is contemplated that once the crossing has been passed, the sealing means will return to the active position when the lifting apparatus is in inspection mode. Likewise, it is contemplated that when the inspection mode is changed to normal mode, the shutter means pass from the active position to the inactive position, either manually or 10 automatically, and is maintained in the latter.
    In view of this description and set of figures, the person skilled in the art will be able to understand that the embodiments of the invention that have been described can be combined in multiple ways within the scope of the invention. The invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments without exceeding the object of the claimed invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
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    1. - Lifting device comprising:
    - a traveling set (1),
    - a gap (3), comprising at least one wall (3 ’), through which the traveling assembly (1) can move along a path defined by a direction of travel (2),
    - at least one hollow element (4), which can be fixed or mobile, and which, at some point in the trajectory of the traveling assembly (1), is located in a space between said at least one wall (3 ' ) and said traveling set (1), and
    - sealing means (5) located in the traveling assembly (1), where said sealing means (5) can move between an active position and an inactive position, so that the minimum distance between said at least one wall ( 3 ') of the gap (3) and the sealing means (5) in the active position is smaller than in the inactive position, so that in the inactive position the sealing means (5) cannot contact said at least a, hollow element (4) at any point in the trajectory of the traveling set (1), while in the active position they can contact when the traveling set (1) in its path is placed next to said, at least one, hollow element (4), characterized in that
    the sealing means (5) automatically move from the active position to the inactive position when the traveling assembly (1) in its path is positioned next to said, at least one hollow element (4).
    [2]
    2. - Lifting apparatus according to claim 1, comprising means for detecting the relative position of said at least one, hollow element (4) with respect to the traveling assembly (1) and activation means (6) acting on the means shutter (5) to automatically move them from the active position to the inactive position.
    [3]
    3. - Lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in a normal mode of operation of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means (5) are kept in the inactive position.
    [4]
    4. - Lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in an inspection mode of the lifting apparatus, the sealing means (5) are in the active position, except when the traveling assembly (1) in its path at least one, hollow element (4) is placed next to said, which pass to the inactive position, so that the sealing means (5) and said, at least one, hollow element (4) do not contact.
    [5]
    5. - Lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a hollow element (4) is a counterweight.
    [6]
    6. - Lifting apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein a hollow element 5 (4) is a fixed element located in the hollow (3).
    [7]
    7. - Lifting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a hollow element (4) protrudes from the wall (3 ’) of the hollow (3).
    10. Lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein
    Sealing means (5) are located in the upper area of the traveling assembly (1).
    [9]
    9. - Lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one sensor that detects the position of the sealing means (5).
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    [10]
    10. - Method of operation of a lifting apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein if the sealing means (5) are in the active position and the traveling assembly (1) is moving, when said traveling assembly (1) in its trajectory, at least one hollow element (4) is placed next to said means
    Shutter 20 (5) automatically goes to the inactive position.
    [11]
    11. - Method according to claim 10, which in a normal mode of operation has the sealing means (5) in the inactive position, so that when the lifting apparatus enters an inspection mode the sealing means (5) pass to the active position.
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH05330752A|1992-05-27|1993-12-14|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Safety device for elevator maintenance and inspection|
    JPH08133617A|1994-11-02|1996-05-28|Mitsubishi Denki Bill Techno Service Kk|Maintenance device on elevator cage top|
    JP2002128433A|2000-10-19|2002-05-09|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Safety device for work on elevator car|
    US20050252726A1|2002-06-20|2005-11-17|Franck Det|Safety top balustrade for a car of a machine room-less elevator|
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    JP2010137981A|2008-12-15|2010-06-24|Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd|Car top work floor of elevator|
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