• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The main object of the present invention is a new three-phase alternating current dual circuit system (for aerial, underground or submarine installation), based on the compensation of the circulating electric current by a phase of one of the three-phase circuits with the current of a phase of the other circuit that runs in parallel both 180º out of phase and subjected to the same potential, which allows to suppress the two conductors that make up the mentioned phases. As a result, a more compact, economical system with greater transport capacity is obtained, which uses only 4 conductors instead of 6. The proposed system is also applicable to the case in which there are more circuits in parallel, resulting in the elimination of so many pairs of conductors as three-phase circuits minus one. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2646966A1
    申请号:ES201600518
    申请日:2016-06-16
    公开日:2017-12-18
    发明作者:Antonio GÓMEZ-EXPOSITO；Pedro CRUZ ROMERO
    申请人:Universidad de Sevilla；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Compact multi-circuit alternating current transport system
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention has as its main object a new three-phase dual-circuit alternating current line system (for aerial, underground or underwater installation), based on the compensation of the circulating electric current by a phase of one of the three-phase circuits with the current of a phase of the other circuit that runs in parallel, both out of phase 1800 and subject to the same potential, which allows to suppress the two conductors that make up the mentioned phases. As a result, a more compact, economical and higher transport capacity system is obtained, which uses only 4 conductors instead of 6. The proposed system is also applicable to the case in which there are more than two circuits in parallel, so many pairs are suppressed of conductors as three-phase circuits minus one.
    STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Since the beginning of the electrification, the transport of electrical energy has been carried out by means of three phases (three-phase transport), each phase being materialized by one or several conductors (simplex, duplex lines, etc.). To take full advantage of the same corridor and the same resources (supports, ditch, etc.) it is very common to group two or more electrically independent lines on the same support, so that each phase appears repeated as many times as three-phase circuits are connected in parallel .
    The maximum amount of active power that a certain line can carry depends on the characteristics of the same and the network to which it is connected, and is limited mainly for three reasons: (a) driver heating, (b) maximum difference of tension between both ends and (e) restrictions related to system stability (static or dynamic). Criterion (a) is the most restrictive for relatively short airlines (e.g., in transport networks, for lines less than approximately 200 km). For longer lines, the criteria (b) and, above all, the (e), are the ones that limit the capacity of Iransporte.
    There is a parameter, called natural power or characteristic of a line (known in English by the acronym SIL, "emerdance Joading '), proportional to the square of the
    nominal voltage and independent of its length, which allows to characterize in a simple way the response that said line will have in relation to the limitations (b) and (c). A line that carries its natural power neither consumes nor absorbs reactive power (assuming that the ohmic losses are negligible), giving rise to a flat tension profile. Above the natural power, which is the usual working condition, voltage drops occur in the direction of circulation of the active power flow and the line is a net consumer of reactive power, and the opposite occurs when the transported power is less than SIL (producing the so-called Ferranti effect). A greater natural power implies a greater transport capacity for a given length, or the possibility of transmitting a given power at greater distances. For a three-phase line of 400 kV the value of SIL is of the order of 550 MW, while for another of 220 kV it is of the order of 150 MW, so the first one can transport more power than the second, for a given length, without exceeding limits (b) and (c).
    On the other hand, the transport capacity in long lines varies inversely with the length, so that two lines of the same SIL and different length will have different transport capacity (greater capacity the smaller the length).
    Throughout the twentieth century, designs have been proposed to increase the SIL of airlines. Immediate procedures are to increase the nominal voltage, reduce the series impedance (by inserting series capacitors or reconfiguring the conductors), or simply adding a parallel circuit. Another possibility is to compact the line through optimized designs, together with the use of insulating crossarms (in this way the SIL is increased by approximately 30-40%). A final possibility is the use of lines of more than three phases (1). In the case of the hexaphase line, the power that can be transmitted is twice that of a three-phase double-circuit line, as regards thermal criteria, at equal phase-to-earth voltage. If the limit is given by the stability criterion (SIL value), the transport capacity of the hexaphase line is practically the same as in a three-phase line at the same phase-to-earth voltage, and 3 times greater at the same phase-phase voltage. (2). In addition, the lower emission of electric and magnetic field means that the width of the right-of-way (or ROW) right-of-way, which is necessary to respect, is smaller than in the three-phase double circuit case.
    Another type of line of more than three phases that has been proposed is the tetraphase (3), with certain advantages over the hexaphase (greater simplicity in the design of the supports,
    greater simplicity in the design of protections and lower surges) but
    with lower SIL at equal phase-earth voltage.
    Another advantage that should be highlighted of the polyphasic lines is the reduction of
    Crown effect losses. For a hexaphase line of equal phase-earth voltage that
    S another three-phase double circuit, and at the same transmitted power, the Joule losses are
    equal but the losses due to corona effect are lower since the phase-to-phase voltage
    It's ... J3 times smaller.
    We can therefore consider the current state of the art in line design
    electrical of equal voltage greater than 200 kV and high transport capacity fas
    10 polyphasic lines, especially hexaphases. Figure 1a shows a line
    Three-phase 500 kV phase-phase double circuit voltage (SIL = 1630 MW)
    convert to hexaphase (figure 1b). To avoid having to change the level of
    insulation, the phase-earth voltage (500¡ ... J3 kV) is kept constant obtaining a
    SIL value practically identical to the double circuit line. Yes instead of
    fifteen keep the phase-to-earth voltage constant, keep the phase-to-phase voltage the SIL
    would increase to about 4900 MW without changing the width of the
    bonded way. For this it would be necessary to modify the structure of the supports and
    the phase-to-ground insulation level, as seen in figure 1c, where
    increased the phase-to-earth voltage to 500 kV, obtaining a value for the SIL of about
    twenty 4900 MW (tripled with respect to the three-phase line).
    The need for special transformers for the conversion of three to
    a greater number of phases (multiple of three) and vice versa has hindered the
    practical implementation of the polyphasic lines, so touch the current state
    of the technique to substantially increase the transport capacity of a
    25 line is to increase the number of circuits (figure 2). This figure shows a
    line 3 that connects substation 1 to 4. This line consists of n circuits,
    connected at each end to the substation bars. Normally at least
    a secondary of the transformers located at the origin of the line (substation 1)
    it is grounded through the neutral. Since the circuits are in parallel, the
    30 module of the phase-to-earth voltages and the phase currents of each circuit are
    noticeably similar to each other (slight differences in currents appear due to
    to the presence of the ground and the imperfect symmetry of the conductor configuration),
    as seen in the fasorial diagrams of the magnitudes at origin 2 and
    end 5 of the line.
    References
    (one) Barnes and Barthold "High phase arder power transmission", Electra No. 24, 1973.
    (2) Tiwari and Bin Saroor, ~ An investigation into loadability characteristics af EHV high
    phase arder transmission lines ", IEEE Trans. Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, August 5 1995
    (3) Liu and Yang, ~ Study of four-phase power transmission systems ", lEE Proc. Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 149, No. 4, 2002
    Description of the figures
    10 Figure 1. Three-phase and multi-phase lines
    (l.a) Three-phase double circuit configuration with phase-phase voltage 500 kV
    a, b, e: phases of the first circuit a ', b', e ': phases of the second circuit la, lb, le: phasors of intensity by the phases of the first circuit
    15 1 '"I'b. I'e: phasors for the phases of the second circuit
    (1 .b) Hexaphase configuration with 5001 'phase-to-earth voltage; 3 kV
    a, b, e, d, e, f: the six phases that make up the line la, lb, le, Id, le, Ir: phasors of intensity by the phases
    (l .c) Hexaphase configuration with 500 kV phase-to-earth voltage
    Figure 2. Three-phase 3-phase multi-circuit line
    1, 4: substations connected to the ends of the line
    2: fasorial diagram of intensities and tensions at the origin of the line
    3: multi-circuit line
    25 5: phasor diagram of intensities and voltages at the end of the line
    n: number of circuits to it. b 10 • C lo: phases of the origin end of the first year circuit. boo • Coo: phases of the origin end of the nth circuit a1f, b ". e1f: phases of the end end of the first circuit
    30 a nf, bnf, Cn ': phases of the final end of the nth circuit lalo, Ib10, lela: phase intensity phasors at the origin of the first lano circuit, lboo, lena: phase intensity phasors at the origin of the n-th circuit Va10, Vb10, Velo 'phasar phase-to-earth voltage at the origin of the first circuit Vano, Vooo, Vena: phase-earth voltage phasors at the origin of the nth
    35 circuit 'a1f, Iblf, le1f: phase intensity phasors at the end of the first circuit' anf, 'Onf,' Cllf: phase intensity phasors at the end of the nth circuit Va1 (, Vw, VCH: phasors phase-to-ground voltage at the end of the first Vanf, Vbt'1f, VCllf circuit: tase-to-earth voltage assessors at the end of the nth circuit
    Figure 3. Three phase multicircuit line of n + 2 phases
    1, 4: substations connected to the ends of the line
    3: multi-circuit line
    n: number of circuits a, o, b, 0, C, o: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer that feeds the first circuit. anus, bno. cno: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer that feeds the nth circuit. a ", bu, c ,,: phases of the primary of the transformer of the substation 4 connected to the first circuit. an" bnf, in ': phases of the primary of the transformer of the substation 4 connected to the nth circuit. lalo (la1f): phasor intensity of phase a, or (a ,,) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the first circuit of line 3. 'b10 (lb1f), 'c10 (lc "): phasors of phase b, or (b ,,) YC, 0 (CH) respectively at the origin (end) of the first circuit of line 3.' a20 (l , 2 '), lc2o (lcu): phase phasors a20 (azt) and C20 (C2f) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the substation 1 transformer associated with the second circuit of line 3 . 'b20 (lb2f): phase phasor phasor b20 (b2f) at the origin (end) of the second circuit of line 3.' year (lanf), hno (/ bnf): phase phase phasors (aot) and bno (bnf) respectively at the origin (end) of the nth circuit of line 3. 'CfIO (lCllf): phasor intensity phasor Cno (cn,) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated to the nth circuit of line 3 Valo (Valf), Vb10 (Vblf), VC10 (Vc f): phase-to-earth voltage phasors in the secondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with the first circuit of line 3. Va20 ( Vau), Vb20 (Vb2f), Vao (Vc2f): phase-to-earth voltage ratios in the secondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with the second circuit of line 3. Vano (Vanf), Vbno ( Vbnf), VCno (VCII '): phase-to-earth voltage phasors in the secondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with the nth circuit of line 3.
    Figure 4. Particular configuration with two three-phase circuits.
    Figure 4A Execution mode with two transformers in each substation.
    1, 4: substations connected to the ends of the line
    3: double circuit linea, O, b, or. C, O: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer thatfeed the first circuit.8 2nd. b20 • C2o: secondary phases of transformer of substation 1 thatFeed the second circuit.aH, bu, eH: transformer primary phases of substation 4associated to the first circuit.BU. bu, e2 ': transformer primary phases of substation 4Associated with the second circuit.lal o (fa ,,): phasor intensity of phase 8'0 (811) at the output (input) of thesecondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with thefirst circuit of line 3.IblO (/ b1f), 'Cl0 (lc1f): intensity rates of phases b, 0 (blf) Y c, o (cu)respectively at the origin (end) of the first circuit of line 3.la20 (la2f): rate of intensity of phase 8 20 (821) at the exit (entrance) of thesecondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with thesecond circuit of line 3.fb20 (lb2f), 'ao (lar): phasors of phase b20 (b 2l) and C20 (C2l)respectively at the origin (end) of the second circuit of line 3.
    Figure 48. Alternative embodiment to that of Figure 4A, with a single transformer with two secondary windings in each substation.
    Al, 81, C: phases of the primary of the three winding transformer a'0, b, or, C, a: phases of the first secondary of the three winding transformer a20, b20, C20: phases of the second secondary of the three transformer windings IblO, 'c, o: phasors of intensity of phases b, or Y C'o respectively at the origin of the first circuit of the double circuit line. Ib20, 'ao: intensity phasors of phases b20 and C20 respectively at the origin of the first circuit of the double circuit line.
    Figure 4C Fasorial diagram of the three-phase electrical quantities in substation 1 of Figure 4A.
    a, o, b, o, Clo: secondary phases of transformer of substation 1 whichit feeds the first circuit of line 3 of figure 4A.8 20, b 20, C20: transformer secondary phases of substation 1 whichfeeds the second circuit of line 3 of figure 4A.N, o: neutral of the first transformer of substation 1 associated with the firstcircuit of line 3 of figure 4A.N20: neutral of the second transformer of substation 1 associated withsecond circuit of line 3 of figure 4A.
    Valo. Vblo • VelO: phase-to-earth voltage ratings in the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 associated with the first circuit of line 3 of Figure 4A. Va20, Vb20, Vc20: phase-to-earth voltage phasors in the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated to the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 4A. VaNlot VbN10, VeNIa: phase-neutral voltage phasors in the secondary of the substation 1 transformer associated with the first circuit of line 3 of Figure 4A. VaN2o • Vbl'no. VcN2o: phase-neutral voltage assessors in the secondary of the substation 1 transformer associated to the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 4A. Vf: effective value of the phase-neutral voltage in the secondary of the transformers of substation 1 of Figure 4A,
    Figure 5. Particular configuration with four three-phase circuits.
    Figure 5A Configuration of the line and transformers.
    8 '0. b, o. c'o: secondary phases of transformer of substation 1 whichfeed the first circuit of line 3.to 20. b20t C20: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer thatfeed the second circuit of line 3.
    830. bJo • CJo: secondary phases of the transformer of substation 1 whichfeed the third circuit of line 3.a40, b40, C40: transformer secondary phases of substation 1 whichfeed the fourth circuit of line 3.8 1f, b ", CH: transformer primary phases of substation 4associated to the first circuit of line 3.a 2f, bu, C2f: transformer primary phases of substation 4associated to the second circuit of line 3.8 3f, b3f, C3f: transformer primary phases of substation 4associated to the third circuit of line 3.84f, b4f, C4f: transformer primary phases of substation 4associated to the fourth circuit of line 3.'iJlo (liJlf): phasor intensity of phase 8' 0 (8 ,,) at the output (input) of thesecondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with thefirst circuit of line 3.'blo (lbl f): phasor intensity phasor b, or (b ,,) at the origin (end) of the firstline circuit 3.'el0 (/ eH): phasor intensity of phase C'0 (c ,,) at the output (input) of thesecondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with the
    first circuit of line 3.'a20 (la2f): phase phasor phasor 820 (82f) at the output (input) of thesecondary (primary) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with thesecond circuit of line 3.'b20 (lb2f): phasor intensity phasor b20 (b2f) at the origin (end) of thesecond circuit of line 3.
    s
    2S
    3S
    'ao (lc2f): phase phasor phasor C20 (cu) at the output (input) of the
    secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the second circuit of line 3. fa3o (la3 '): phasor of phase a20 (a2l) at the origin (end) of the third circuit of the line 3. 'b30 (lb3f): phasor of phase b20 (b2f) at the origin (end) of the third circuit of line 3. lc3o (le3f): phasor of phase C20 (C2f) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the third circuit of line 3. '¡r4o (la4I): phase phasor phasor 840 (a4') at the origin (end) of the fourth circuit of line 3. 'b4o (lb4I): phasor of phase b40 (b4,) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the fourth circuit of line 3. 'o4o (leA'): phasor of phase C40 (C4 ') at the origin (end) of the fourth circuit of line 3.
    Figure 58. Fasorial diagram of the three-phase electrical quantities in substation 1 of Figure 5A.
    81 0, b10, C10: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the first circuit of the line 3 of Figure 5A 8 20, b20, C20: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the second circuit of line 3 of figure SA. a 30, b30, C30: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the third circuit of the line 3 of figure 5A a40, b40, C40: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the fourth circuit of line 3 of figure SA. a40, b40, C4 0: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the fourth circuit of the line 3 of figure 5A Nl0: neutral of the first transformer of the substation 1 associated to the first circuit of the line 3 of the figure 5A N20: neutral of the second transformer of substation 1 associated to the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A N30: neutral of the third transformer of substation 1 associated to the third circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A N40: neutral of the fourth transformer of substation 1 associated to the fourth circuit of line 3 of figure 5A Valo • V bl0 • VelO: phase-earth voltage phasors in the secondary of transformer of substation 1 associated to the first circuit of line 3 of figure 5A. Va20, Vb20, Time: phase-to-earth voltage phasors in the secondary of the substation 1 transformer associated with the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A.
    Vala, V030, Vc30: phase · ground voltage rates in the secondary of the substation 1 transformer associated to the third circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A. Va4o. V040 • Vc40: phase-to-earth voltage ratings in the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 associated with the fourth circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A. V "Nl0. VbN10 • VCN10: phase-neutral voltage ratings in the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 associated to the first circuit of line 3 of figure SA. V" N2o. VbN2o • VcN2o: phase-neutral voltage assessors in the secondary of the substation 1 transformer associated with the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A. V "NJo. VbN3o • VcN30: phase-neutral voltage ratios in the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 associated to the third circuit of line 3 of Figure 5A. Vo1N40, VbN40, VcN40: phase-neutral voltage phasors in the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 associated to the fourth circuit of the line 3 of Figure 5A. V: effective value of the phase-neutral voltage in the secondary of the transformers of the substation 1 of Figure 5A.
    Figure 6, Another particular configuration with four three-phase circuits.
    Figure 6A Configuration of the line and transformers.
    a 10, b10, Clo: phases of the secondary of the transformer of substation 1 that feeds the first circuit of line 3. to 20, b2o. C20: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer that feeds the second circuit of line 3. a30, b30, C30: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer that feeds the third circuit of line 3. a40, b40, C40: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the fourth circuit of line 3. au, b1f, cu: phases of the primary of the transformer of the substation 4 associated to the first circuit of the line 3. to 2 ', b2J • C2J: phases of the primary of the substation 4 transformer associated to the second circuit of line 3. to 3f, b3f, C3f: phases of the primary of the substation 4 transformer associated to the third circuit of line 3. 8 4 ', b4f, C4f: phases of the primary of the substation 4 transformer associated to the fourth circuit of line 3. 10110 (1 ",): phase current phasor at (aH) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) ) of the substation 1 (4) transformer associated with the first circuit of line 3, h lo (lb1 '): phasor of phase b10 (bll) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the first circuit of line 3 .
    s
    lS
    3S
    1 ", or (le1 '): phasar of intensity of phase el0 (e1l) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the first circuit of line 3.', , 20 (la2 '): assess the intensity of phase 820 (a21) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the second circuit of line 3.' b2o (lb2r ): phasar of intensity of phase b20 (b2f) at the origin (end) of the second circuit of line 3. 'aoUar): assess intensity of phase C20 (C2') at the origin (end) of the second circuit of line 3. 1 <130 (1.3 /): assess the intensity of phase 83o (a31) at the origin (end) of the third circuit of line 3. 'b3o (lb3f): assess the intensity of the phase b30 (b3f) at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer of substation 1 (4) associated with the third circuit of line 3. lc3o (lb3f): phasar of intensity of phase C30 (CJf) in the (final) origin of the third line circuit 3. l; J4o (la-4,): assess the intensity of phase 840 (84 ') at the origin (end) of the fourth circuit of line 3. lb4o (lb4,): phasor of phase b40 (b4,) at the origin (end) of the fourth circuit of line 3. 'C40 (lC4'): assess the intensity of phase C40 (C4 ') at the output (input) of the secondary (primary) of the transformer Substation 1 (4) associated with the fourth circuit of line 3.
    Figure 68. Fasorial diagram corresponding to the three-phase electrical quantities in substation 1 of Figure 6A.
    8 10, b10J Cl0: secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer thatit feeds the first circuit of line 3 of figure 6A.8 20, b20, e20: transformer secondary phases of substation 1 whichit feeds the second circuit of line 3 of figure 6A.830, b3o, C30: transformer secondary phases of substation 1 whichfeeds the third circuit of line 3 of figure 6A.
    8.0, b.o, C40: phases of the secondary of the transformer of the substation 1 that feeds the fourth circuit of the line 3 of figure 6A. 840, b4Ch C40: Secondary phases of the substation 1 transformer that feeds the fourth circuit of line 3 of Figure 6A. N10: neutral of the first transformer of substation 1 associated to the first circuit of line 3 of Figure 6A N20: neutral of the second transformer of substation 1 associated to the second circuit of line 3 of Figure 6A. NJo: neutral of the third transformer of substation 1 associated with the third circuit of line 3 of Figure 6A.
    N. or: neutral of the fourth transformer of substation 1 associated with the fourth circuit of line 3 of Figure 6A.
    Va'I !, V1l1a, Veto: phase-to-earth voltage rates in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated with the first circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    Va2o, Vb2a, Vao: phase-to-earth voltage rates in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated to the second circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    Va30, Vb30 'V'30: phase-to-earth voltage phasars in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated to the third circuit of line 3
    of the figure BA.
    V; i4o. V ~ o, VC40: phase-to-earth voltage rates in the secondary of the
    transformer from [to substation 1 associated to the fourth circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    Vain. VbN10, VeN1o: phase-neutral voltage rates in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated with the first circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    ViLlV'lo. VbN2o • VcN: 2nd: phase-neutral voltage phasors in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated to the second circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    VaN3o • VbN30, VCt I3c): phase-neutral voltage phasors in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated to the third circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    VaN4o • VM'40. VCN4O: phase-neutral voltage phasors in the secondary of the
    transformer of substation 1 associated to the fourth circuit of line 3
    of figure 6A.
    I saw effective value of the phase-neutral voltage in the secondary of the
    transformers of substation 1 of figure 6A.
    Description of the invention
    The purpose of the present invention is to improve the performance of three-phase power lines of two or more circuits from the electrical point of view. specifically increase SIL and reduce electrical losses. It can be applied both to new lines and to the repowering of existing lines.
    It consists of a compact multi-circuit alternating current transport system in which at least one of the phases of each circuit is suppressed in the transport line and which comprises:
    a) a first set n (n = 2,3,4 ...) of three-phase transformers of two windings with a first side connected in parallel and a second side with time offset indexes arranged as follows: al) for n = 2 in phase opposition; a2) for n = 3 as opposed to phase two to two; a3) for n = 4 as opposed to phase two to two or one to three; a4) for any given number as opposed to phases two to two, one to three, and all possible combinations; b) a first means for joining a terminal of the second side of at least one transformer of the first set with the terminal of the second side of another transformer of the first set that is in phase opposition; e) a second means for joining the remaining terminals of the second side of the transformers to a first end of a set of conductors that make up the line, each terminal to the first end of a conductor; d) a second set of three-phase transformers (same number as the first set), with a first side in parallel, so that each of them has the same offset ratio as one of the first set; e) a third means for connecting a terminal of the second side of at least one transformer of the second set with the terminal of the second side of another transformer of the second set which is in phase opposition; f) a quarter to connect the remaining terminals of the second side of the transformers of the second set to the second ends of the set of conductors that make up the line, each terminal to the second end of the conductor whose first end is connected to a transformer terminal of the first set with the same time offset index and the same sequence.
    Consider a power line that links two substations, as shown in Figure 3. Suppose that line consists of n three-phase circuits (being n> 1), so it must have 3n phases. The n three-phase circuits are connected at the origin of a three-phase voltage systems 2 and in the end to other n three-phase voltage systems 5 (balanced in phase-to-phase voltages), at each end being one in phase and others in counter phase (if n is even, n / 2 will be in phase and n / 2 in contraphase; if n is odd, (n-1) / 2 will be in phase and (n + 1) / 2 in contraphase). Thanks to this voltage arrangement, there will be n / 2 (n even) or (n-1) / 2 (n odd) phases through which the same current and other n / 2 (n even) or (n + 1) will circulate / 2 (odd n) through which the current will flow in the opposite direction, assuming symmetry between the circuits. By conveniently canceling some currents with others, and eliminating the corresponding phases from each line circuit, the number of phases of the line is reduced from 3n to a lower value, which varies depending on the configuration of the inter-circuit coupling, but in Most cases are n + 2.
    A phase arrangement as described above requires an appropriate configuration in the voltages of the connected three-phase systems, both at the origin and at the end of the line, as seen in Figure 3, where both in the substation origin 1 as in the final 4 the phases that cancel each other must be connected to each other at the output terminals of the secondary of the respective transformers, so that although the number of phases that are actually transported is less than 3n, the number of phases that they are transformed, both at the origin 1 and at the end 4, it remains 3n, so the number of secondary three-phase transformation windings must be n. The n transformers of one or both substations are replaced by a lower number of transformers, where one or more of said transformers are three windings or more.
    Although Figure 3 shows a specific embodiment based on three-phase transformers of two windings, it should be understood that no generality is lost. There are other transformation configurations (single-phase transformer banks, three-phase transformers of 3 or more windings, etc.) not shown that are equally valid and are deducted immediately.
    Embodiment of the invention Figure 4A shows an embodiment for n ;; 2. In substation 1 both transformers have 1800 lagged time lag indexes with each other (e.g. one has O and the other 6), both sides of the two transformers being electrically decoupled from each other, except for phase a. The phases b and e of both secondary are connected to two circuits 3, forming a line of 4 conductors. Phase a10 in the secondary of one of the transformers of substation 1 is grounded and the neutrals of both transformers of substation 1 are isolated from earth. At the other end of the line, substation 4 houses two other transformers whose line sides connect to each other and to line 3 in the same way as at end 1.
    Figure 48 shows another embodiment of the transformers in substation 1 of Figure 4A, with only one transformer having three windings with two secondary ones.
    Figure 4C shows the fasorial diagram corresponding to the three-phase systems in the secondary of two transformers in the substation 1 (Figure 4A), in which it is observed that the three-phase phase-neutral voltage system (VaN10 t VbN10 t VcN10) is in opposition with (V.N20, VbN2o, VcN2o). The phase-phase voltages of the same system are balanced, but the phase-to-earth voltages are not: Va10 = O; IVb10 1 = IVelo l = "'31 V, N1o l · The voltages between the homonymous phases of both systems have a double value than the phase-phase voltage: 1Vb120 I = 21 Vb101 = 2" '31 VaN tO l ·
    With this arrangement approximately double the natural or characteristic power, defined as
    (one )
    where U is the nominal voltage of the line, L the inductance per unit length and e the capacity per unit length. It is easy to deduce the following expression from the previous one:
    (2)
    S = J3UJ being apparent power for any current f; QL = 3w1..l 2; reactive power consumed by the line per unit length due to the series inductance for a pulse (j); and Qc = wCU 2; reactive power transferred by the line per unit length due to the parallel capacity. This alternative formula, equally valid for a three-phase line, is applicable for the proposed new line since it is given based on magnitudes that exist in both types of line (this is not the case of the original definition of Pn, since for the The proposed configuration is not as direct to define a series inductance or parallel capacity per unit of length).
    Other embodiments
    Figure 5A shows another embodiment of the invention, in which n = 4 and the number of conductors of the line is n + 2 = 6. The phases a10 (a1f) and 820 (a21) are connected to each other. The same applies to phases e10 (e1 f) with e30 (e3f) and b20 (b2f) with b40 (b4I).
    In case of failure of any transformer at either end, line 3 can function as a three-phase double circuit, each circuit being powered by a transformer.
    Figure 58 shows the fasorial diagram corresponding to the three-phase systems in the secondary of the transformers in substation 1 (Figure 5A), in which it is observed that the three-phase phase-neutral voltage systems are in opposition two to
    two. The phase-phase voltages of the same system are balanced, but the phase-to-earth voltages are not. The highest voltage between phases is I Va3G-8401 = 6 VaN10.
    Another embodiment is shown in Figure 6A. The a10 (all) and a20 (a2f) phases are connected to each other. The same applies to phases b10 (b1 f) and b30 (b3f) Y with 5 c10 (c1f) and c40 (c4f). As in the previous case, it is immediate to convert line 3 into a three-phase double circuit using the appropriate switchgear.
    Figure 68 shows the phasor diagram corresponding to the three-phase systems on the line sides of the transformers in substation 1 (Figure 6A), in which it is observed that the three-phase phase-neutral voltage systems are in opposition two to 10 two . The phase-phase voltages of the same system are balanced, but the phase-to-earth voltages are not. The highest voltage between phases is IVa40-c20 I = IVaJo.
    ,,, 1; 1 V "" ~ ",, I; 5.11 V, N".
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. Compact three-phase alternating current transport system of n circuits characterized in that it comprises: a) a first set n (n = 2,3,4,5, ..) of three-phase transformers of two windings, said assembly being located in a substation to which the first end of a multi-circuit power line is connected; b) a second set of n electrical conductor circuits, said line forming; e) a third set n of three-phase transformers of two windings, identical to those of a), located in a second substation and connected to the second end of line b). The transformers in a) each have a first three-phase winding connected in parallel with the three-phase windings of the other transformers and a second three-phase winding connected to the line. Said second winding has a time offset index arranged as follows: for n = 2 in counter phase; for n = 3 a winding in contraphase with respect to the other two; for n ~ 4 two to contract with the remaining two or one to contract with the other three. Depending on the number of circuits n, the circuits of the transport line b) have the one, two or three phase conductors removed, as follows: for n = 2 the conductors of the same phase of each circuit are suppressed and said rates are connected to each other in the windings in contraphase of the transformers a) and c); for n = 3, the two-phase conductors in a first circuit and those of the same phases in the other two circuits, one phase per each circuit, are suppressed, and each of the suppressed phases in the first circuit is connected with the same in counter phase of each of the other two circuits, in the three-phase windings of the transformers a) and c); for n = 4 there are two possibilities: (1) to suppress the conductors of two phases in each of two of the circuits and of one phase in each of the other two, and connect two to two to each other the same phases suppressed in the three-phase windings on contracting of the extreme transformers a) and c); (2) remove the conductors of the three phases of a first circuit and those of one phase in each of the other three remaining circuits, and connect the suppressed phases of the first circuit two to two with the same suppressed phases of the other three circuits in the three-phase windings in contraphase of the extreme transformers a) and e); for any one n, suppress at least one phase in each of the circuits and connect together the same phases suppressed two by two in the three-phase windings in contraphase of the extreme transformers a) and e).
    The conductors of the non-suppressed phases are connected to the corresponding phases of the transformers in a) and e).
    [2]
    2. Compact multi-circuit alternating current transport system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the n transformers of two windings of one or both extreme substations are replaced in whole or in part by a lower number dI; transformers, where one or more of said transformers are three windings or more.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017216402A1|2017-12-21|
    ES2646966B2|2018-04-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5175442A|1990-10-05|1992-12-29|Ashley James R|Six-phase power line geometry for reduced electric and magnetic fields|
    EP0776013A2|1995-11-24|1997-05-28|The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.|Multiple-cable power transmission line system|
    ES2323923A1|2007-01-05|2009-07-27|Universidad De Sevilla|Active system of compensation of the magnetic field generated by linear electrical installations. |
    CN201074416Y|2007-06-25|2008-06-18|山东鲁能泰山铁塔有限公司|Multi-loop compact pylon|
    CN203891557U|2014-04-10|2014-10-22|国家电网公司|Compact insulation support|
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