• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    More specifically, the invention relates to an anti-fire arrangement whose purpose is to convert high and medium voltage cables that do not meet the required characteristics with the current ce regulations, relating to construction materials and fire protection in the different installations, so that with this provision they do successfully pass the tests required to achieve homologation against the corresponding fire. The arrangement also comprises the procedure for coating the cable with tapes of different specifications in terms of the material used to manufacture them and a variety of thicknesses, widths and lengths of said tapes in order to adapt to a wide range of cables . (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2646723A1
    申请号:ES201630781
    申请日:2016-06-08
    公开日:2017-12-15
    发明作者:Daniel CALVERAS IBAÑEZ；Neus GENERÓ BOIX；Xabier BALZA LÓPEZ
    申请人:Grupo General Cable Sist S L U；Grupo General Cable Sistemas Slu；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES AND PROCEDURE FOR COMMISSIONING OF SUCH PROVISION
    - Descriptive memory -
    Object of the invention.
    More specifically, the invention relates to an anti-fire provision whose purpose is to convert high and medium voltage cables that do not meet the characteristics required by current CE regulations, relating to construction and fire protection materials in the different facilities, so that with this provision if they successfully pass the tests required to achieve the corresponding fire approval.
    The arrangement comprises covering the cable with a combination of ribbons of different specifications in terms of the material used to manufacture them and, a variety of thicknesses, widths and lengths of said ribbons in order to adapt to a wide range of cables.
    State of the art.
    For the purposes of the invention, we will classify the electrical cables for medium and high voltage, in which they comply with the CE regulations related to construction and fire protection materials in the different installations and those that do not comply with them.
    At present there are many electrical substations or other locations, which have installed high voltage and / or medium voltage cables for more than 20 years that do not have fire protection, which implies a certain risk of fire in case of fire.
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    fire propagation and, the verification that said cables when a fire occurs do not comply with current legislation with the consequent civil and criminal responsibilities in the event that it occurs.
    On the other hand, the simplest solution is to replace said non-approved cables with others that if they are, it is burdensome because of the large amount of copper that they incorporate that may not be recovered and requires a large investment not only to acquire said homologated cables, but in the works of uninstalling the old and installing the new ones, with the added circumstance of having to interrupt the service during the time that is needed to carry out said tasks.
    There are other types of known and practiced solutions such as special protective paints that are applied on the surfaces of the cables, against fire which have their drawbacks, because although they limit the progress of fire in case of fire, they generate a large amount of smoke, which is equally harmful to health and, in case of fire, can cause death of people.
    Another drawback of this type of paints is that they are difficult to apply by operators, since depending on the different skill of each one, they have layers of different thicknesses and uniformities of coating, which technically speaking It is not a homogeneous method that guarantees the quality standards required for a suitable coating.
    Purpose of the Invention
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    Remedy the stated problems
    previously and that focus on the state of the art already described, both from the technical point of view, and to facilitate the operation of changing the old cable and that does not comply with the current regulations for another one and, with the provision that It is described below if it is met.
    Description of the invention.
    The object of the present invention is that defined in the first and thirteenth claims.
    The recommended fire-prevention arrangement object of the invention comprises the use of a combination of tapes that are arranged one above the other and, both tapes on the cables currently in service in a first phase and then be covered by one or more tapes of Different nature in a second phase.
    As it is one of the first features of the invention, the first tape used in the first phase is of a flame retardant thermoplastic nature, which is placed on the cable in an interior position. In turn, this thermoplastic material of the first tape is a thermoplastic material without halogen, which is highly flame retardant and comprises aluminum hydroxide which, when burned, becomes an oxide. The tape comes from an extruded thermoplastic material in the form of said tape, with a thickness and width that allows its arrangement and winding on the cable cover already installed.
    Optionally the flame retardant thermoplastic material may comprise other metal hydroxides commonly used in zero halogen compounds.
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    In each case and according to the nature of the conductor cable to be coated, a range of tape thicknesses will be used, as well! as being the material used of a thermoplastic nature, its composition could have its variants depending on the aforementioned nature of the conductor cable.
    Optionally, the material of the first tape could be a thermosetting material, in this case compounds without moisture crosslinkable halogens, known as "moisture cured", used in the cable sector will be used.
    The placement of the tape in this first phase as well as a second one will be done helically according to an arrangement preferably tested. This type of arrangement generates the appearance of weak points, for which it is decided to arrange as indicated by a second tape of the same characteristics and nature also in a helical and testa form, but in such a way that the surfaces of the first tape overlap or cover with the second layer of tape. Preferably, two thermoplastic tapes will be used with the arrangement.
    According to another of the features of the invention and in a second phase the previously taped cable receives another coating in the form of a second tape or tapes whose function is to make a mechanical support that is arranged in an external position. Preferably, the material used for said tape / s is glass fiber, although silica, or other material that does not burn and is mechanically capable of retaining the arrangement of the first two bands, can also be used. This second
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    Tape can be arranged in double caps and its function is to retain the disposition of flame retardant thermoplastic tape. This second layer is also helically arranged and can be in overlapping mode or in a test mode, although preferably it will be in 50% overlapping mode.
    In the tests carried out with this provision object of the invention it has been found that it prevents the spread of fire through the cables and low smoke emission levels are obtained in case of fire, being the evidence to which it has been submitted the following provisions:
    - Fire non-propagation test method for electric cables and fiber optic cables subjected to fire conditions, part 3-22: Test of vertical propagation of the flame of cables placed in layers in vertical position, IEC 60.332-3- 22 [2000]
    - Test of the density of the fumes emitted by cables in combustion under defined norms, norm IEC 61034-2 [2005].
    For the non-propagation test, samples of 3.5 m length pieces of cables covered by the process of the present invention placed in a conventional ladder were prepared to thereby reach the required volume of combustible material per meter of ladder, said conditioning of the samples is carried out in a period of 16 hours with a temperature of 20 + - 10 ° C.
    The test conditions were as follows:
     Separation between pieces, cables ...  20 mm
     Flame application time  40 min
     Number of burners  2
     Required volume of fuel per meter  7 1 / m
     Number of pieces in front  7
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    Number of pieces behind 0
    Ambient temperature at the start of the test 5 <X <40 ° C
    Number of layers 1
    Standard ladder type according to width max cables
    600 mm
    Volumetric flow rate of forced air at Tamb 4500 <X <5500 1 / min
    The prescriptions will be as described below:
     Length Length Quantity  affected anterior affected posterior incinerated material X <2.5 X <2.5 X <0 m m 1
     The  test results were positive at
     comply  Samples the pre-established requirements in
     IEC 60.332-3-22  [2000] according to the detail that
     follow:
     Length Length Quantity  affected anterior affected posterior incinerated material 0.4 m 0.4 m 0.4 1
    As for the smoke density measurement test, lm of the length of the coated cable were prepared by the method of the present invention, the conditioning of the samples was for a period of at least 16 hours at a temperature of 23 + -5 ° C.
    The test conditions were as follows:
     Number of test pieces or samples  one
     Distance of samples to the tray  150 mm
     Ambient temperature at the beginning of the test  10 <X <30 ° C
     Ambient temperature (solution, bathroom, oven  or camera)
     20 <X <30 ° C
    The test requirements are detailed below:
    Minimum Normalized Transmittance
    X <60
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    The test results were satisfactory when the sample met the requirements established in IEC 61034-2 [2005] according to the following detail:
    Minimum Normalized Transmittance
    65,03795
    The procedure used for the coating described above and that serves to implement said arrangement is as follows:
    - Placing double-sided adhesive tape on the two ends of the cable on the surface of the insulation of the cable, or on the end of the first thermoplastic tape.
    - Wrapping the cable with a first thermoplastic tape in a helical and testa shape, putting adhesive tape on the tip so that it does not separate.
    - Wrapping the cable around the first coating with a second thermoplastic tape, in the middle of the head of the first layer of tape.
    - Wrapping the cable with a first fiberglass tape first around the previous thermoplastic tapes, also helically and applied with an overlap.
    - Wrap the cable with a second fiberglass tape around the first fiberglass tape, helically and with minimal overlap to avoid unwanted slippage.
    Other details and features will be revealed in the course of the description given below, in which reference is made to the
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    Drawings that are attached to this report, in which a graphic representation of the invention, which may be carried in any type of dimension and suitable materials without loss of the essentiality of the invention, is shown by way of illustration but not limitation.
    Description of the figures.
    Following is a list of the different parts of the invention that are found in the figures that follow and identify with the help of the numbers that are reviewed below; (10) cable, (11) insulators, (12) insulators, (13) conductors, (14) cable ends (10), (15) first thermoplastic tape, (16) second thermoplastic tape, (17) adhesive tape double sided, (18) first fiberglass tape, (19) second fiberglass tape, (20) single sided tape.
    Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a medium voltage conductor (10), from which they can receive the arrangement object of the invention.
    Figure 2 is a front elevational view of a cable (10) in which a turn of double-sided adhesive tape is placed at its end.
    Figure 3 is a front elevational view of a cable (10), that of Figure 2, after winding the first tape (15) thereto.
    Figure 4 is a front elevational view of a cable (10), that of Figure 3, which at the ends has received a turn of double-sided adhesive tape
    (17) on top of the tape (15) first.
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    Figure 5 is a front view of a cable
    (10), that of figure 4, which has been coated with a second thermoplastic tape (16).
    Figure 6 is a front elevational view, that of Figure 5, at whose ends (14) a turn of double adhesive tape has been placed at the ends
    face (17).
    Figure 7 is a front elevational view of a cable (10) that of Figure 6 after having
    received a first fiberglass tape (18).
    Figure 8 is a front elevational view of a cable (10) that of Figure 7 at whose ends (14) a twist of double adhesive tape has been placed
    face (17).
    Figure 9 is a front elevational view of the cable (10) of Figure 8 after receiving a second fiberglass tape (19).
    Figure 10 is a detail section of Figure 9 for a better view of the tape covering (15, (16), (18) and (19).
    Figure 11 is a detail of joining two tapes (15, 16, 18, 19) by means of a single-sided adhesive tape (20).
    Deseripcion of an embodiment of the invention.
    In one of the preferred embodiments of the invention and as can be seen in Figure 1, a medium voltage cable such as (10) has a structure formed by concentric layers of different nature and characteristics, of different thicknesses, in those that alternate layers formed by one or more conductors (13) and, insulating layers (11) and (12), and that
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    It is represented by way of example for a better understanding of the invention object of the present patent application, but which is not constricted to the cable (10) shown.
    The arrangement comprises, in a first phase, the insulation covering (12) of the cable (10), see figure 1, by means of a first thermoplastic tape (15) positioned on (12) helically and at the end, placing a double adhesive tape face (17) at the end of the tape (15) previously, so as to start coating the insulator (12) from the
     end (14) of  cable (10). The second tape
     thermoplastic (15) se  placed in the same way and also
     by pressing  duly, in the event that
     have to carry  out some splice for having
     sold out the roll of  tape (15), it is used for this
     splicing tape and  in this way join the ends
     of the tapes (15),  all this so that the
    coating surfaces fit perfectly
    overlapping
    The arrangement comprises, in a second phase, the coating of the belts (15) previously wound helically and to the test, similarly taking into consideration the above with a minimum overlap by fiberglass tape
    (18) to avoid this by placing the second layer of fiberglass (19) the same skate. As an additional precaution when handling fiber glass tapes (18-19), a single-sided adhesive tape (20) will be available before cutting the ends.
    The first and second thermoplastic tapes (15 and 16) used will have a range of thicknesses between
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    0.10 to 4 mm and widths between 10 and 100 mm, in terms of the first (18) and second fiberglass ribbons
    (19) The thickness range will be 0.10 to 1.5 mm and widths between 10 to 100 mm.
    In one embodiment of the invention the flame retardant tape comprises a halogen zero thermoplastic compound, of low smoke emission, low toxicity and corrosivity. The polymer base is formed by a mixture of polyethylenes and / or copolymers of ethylene flame retarded with metal hydroxides commonly used in zero halogen compounds. This compound combines good flame retardant properties with good mechanical properties and a certain degree of
    flexibility. It has been found that it is possible to use a tape of a zero thermoplastic halogen compound commonly used in the cable industry.
    The fiberglass tape used will preferably be a woven fiberglass tape
    preferably of class E glass (E-glass: alumino-borosilicate glass with less than 1% weight / weight of alkali oxides). However, for the purposes of the invention glass belts containing class A glass (A-glass: alkali glass with little or no boron oxide), class E-CR (E-CR glass) can also be used glass: alkali silicate with less than 1% weight / weight of alkali oxides, with high acid resistance), class C glass (C-glass: alkali glass with high boron oxide content, used by example in glass fibers with short filaments), class D glass (D-glass: borosilicate glass with a high dielectric record), class R glass (R-glass: silicate aluminum glass without MgO or CaO with
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    high mechanical performance), or S-class glass (S-glass: silicate alumina glass without CaO but with high MgO content with high tensile strength).
    The described arrangement of curb, can be done manually or also automatically, by using hand guns created to mechanically arrange the different types of tape.
    The procedure for the implementation of said provision includes the following operations:
    - Placing double-sided adhesive tape (17) at the ends (14) of the cable (10) on the surface of the insulator (12), or at the end of the tape (15).
    - Wrapping the cable (10) with a first tape (15) in a helical and testa shape, putting adhesive tape on the tip so it does not separate
    - Wrap the cable (10) around the first covering with a second tape (16), in the middle of the head of the first layer of tape (15) and previously place a turn of double-sided adhesive tape (17).
    - Wrapping the cable (10) with a first fiberglass tape (18) first around the tapes (15-16), also helically and with an overlap.
    - Wrapping the cable (10) with a second fiberglass tape (19) around the tape (18) in a helical manner and with a minimum overlap of (19) with respect to (18) to avoid unwanted slipping and previously placing one turn of double-sided adhesive tape (17).
    14
    As a precaution for fraying fiberglass tapes (18-19), a piece of conventional adhesive tape will be used to maintain the filaments of said tape when it is cut.
    5 Describe sufficiently the present invention in
    correspondence with the attached figures, it is easy to understand that they can be done in it
    any modifications of detail deemed convenient as long as the essence of the invention summarized in the following claims is not altered.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S:
    1 ^ - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES applicable
    on a cable (10) preferably of high or medium voltage, already installed, of which they are formed by concentric layers of conductive and insulating material of different nature and thickness, and an outer shell characterized in that said arrangement comprises on said cable (10 ) already installed, a coating formed by a combination of at least one or more thermoplastic tapes (15, 16), and on top of it one or more
    tape / s (18, 19) of mechanical support of the first tape
    inside, all of them surrounding said cable (10).
    2a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the 1st claim, characterized in that the thermoplastic tape (s) (15, 16) are thermoplastic in nature
    without the presence of halogens and including aluminum hydroxide, using a range of thicknesses between 0.10 mm to 4 mm and widths between 10 to 100 mm.
    3a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the 1st or 2nd claims, characterized in that the polymeric base of the thermoplastic tape (s) (15, 16) is
    formed by a mixture of polyethylene and / or copolymers of ethylene flame retarded with metal hydroxides commonly used in zero halogen compounds.
    4a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic tape (s) (15, 16) is helically arranged on the cable cover (10) in a testa arrangement.
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    5th - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the 1st claim, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) is made of fiberglass, silica, or other similar material.
    6a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the 1st or 5th claim, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) have thicknesses ranging between 0.15 and 1.5 mm. and widths between 10 and 100 mm.
    7 ^ - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) is helically disposed on the tape / s (15, 16) in a Willingness to testa.
    8a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to any one of claims 1 to 6a, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) is helically arranged on the tape / s (15, 16) in a provision with overlap.
    9a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the 8th claim, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) is helically arranged on the tape / s (15, 16), and in an arrangement with a 50% overlap.
    10 ^ - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) comprises at least one woven fiberglass tape comprising class E glass containing alumino borosilicate with less than 1% weight of alkali oxides.
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    11 ^ ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical support tape (s) (18, 19) comprises at least one woven fiberglass tape comprising class A glass, or class E-CR glass, or class C glass, or class D glass or class R glass, or class S glass.
    12a - ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES according to the
    1st claim, characterized in that said arrangement is formed by two thermoplastic tapes (15, 16), and on top of them two tapes (18, 19) of
    mechanical support of the first thermoplastic tapes (15,16), all of them surrounding said cable (10).
    13 ^ - PROCEDURE FOR PUTTING INTO PRACTICE OF
    AN ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES defined in any of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in which arrangement comprises the
    following operations:
    - Placing double-sided adhesive tape (17) at the ends (14) of the cable (10) on the surface of the insulator (12), or at the end of the tape
    (fifteen)
    - Wrap the cable (10) with a first thermoplastic tape (15) in a helical and testa shape, putting adhesive tape on the tip so that it does not separate.
    - Wrapping the cable (10) around the first coating with a second thermoplastic tape
    (16), in the middle of the head of the first layer of tape (15), previously placed at the ends
    18
    (14) cable (10) double-sided adhesive tape
    (17).
    - Wrapping the cable (10) with a first tape of
    fiberglass (18) first around the
    5 tapes (15, 16), also helically and with
    overlap
    - Wrapping the cable (10) with a second tape
    fiberglass (19) around the belt (18) helically and at the end but with an overlap
    Minimum of (19) with respect to (18) to avoid
    Unwanted slips are previously placed at the ends (14) of the cable (10), double-sided adhesive tape (17).
    image 1
    Fig. 3 Fig. 4
    10
    10
    image2
    image3
    Detail section
    Fig. 10
    image4
    / "


    X
    15 16 18 19
    15 16 18 19
    twenty
    Fig. 11
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2646723B1|2018-06-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2125207A|1982-08-04|1984-02-29|Clay Cross Company Limited The|Fire resistant electric cable|
    JPH0244612A|1988-08-04|1990-02-14|Fukuoka Cloth Kogyo Kk|Flame retardant tape for cable|
    KR20150143086A|2014-06-13|2015-12-23|신기전선 |Fire Resistant Cable and Manufacturing Method Thereof|
    法律状态:
    2018-06-20| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2646723 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180620 |
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201630781A|ES2646723B1|2016-06-08|2016-06-08|ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES AND PROCEDURE FOR PRACTICE OF SUCH DISPOSITION|ES201630781A| ES2646723B1|2016-06-08|2016-06-08|ANTI-FIRE PROVISION FOR CABLES AND PROCEDURE FOR PRACTICE OF SUCH DISPOSITION|
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