• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The rotary mechanical accumulator, of double rotation, with tensile tension is a mechanical assembly composed, simplifically, by a rotary cylinder as a housing on which a ring gear is mounted, with a unique direction of rotation, and an axis in its interior which rotates in the same direction. When it receives mechanical energy through the shaft, thanks to the differential rotation, it submits traction to linear springs accumulating energy in an elastic way. The torque is proportional to the differential angle of rotation. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2639048A1
    申请号:ES201600359
    申请日:2016-04-25
    公开日:2017-10-25
    发明作者:Ramón BORRÁS FORMOSO；Ramón FERREIRO GARCÍA；Felipe ANTELO GONZÁLEZ
    申请人:Universidade da Coruna；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DOUBLE-ROTATE MECHANICAL ACCUMULATOR, WITH TRACTION SPRINGS
    DESCRIPTION
    TECHNICAL SECTOR / FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION:
    The system included in the present invention has application, not exclusively, within the industry sector dedicated to research and development, manufacture and commissioning of systems and installations for obtaining energy from the sea, especially wave energy .
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a composite mechanical assembly,
    Simplified, by a rotating outer cylinder as a housing, with a unique direction of rotation, and a shaft that rotates in the same direction inside. When it receives mechanical energy through the shaft, thanks to the differential rotation, it undergoes traction to linear springs housed inside the cylinder, accumulating energy elastically. On the outside of the cylinder there is a toothed crown. The accumulated energy can be transferred mechanically, with multiplier effect or not, by chains, gears, tape, cable ... to another system. Normally the rotation speed will be slower and continuous in the cylinder and faster but at impulses on the shaft. Over a long period of time, the angle rotated by axis and cylinder are equal.
    Usually too, the shaft will have a unidirectional, ratchet rotation mechanism (the classic “ratchet”), that is, a rotation rectifier
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    which prevents that in the absence of mechanical input torque to the shaft, it rotates in the opposite direction.
    Ultimately, the objective of the "double-turn rotary mechanical accumulator with traction springs" of the present invention is a mechanical energy storage device with the following properties.
    * The outer cylinder rotates in a unidirectional direction and allows, through a coaxial cogged toothed crown, to transfer mechanical energy to another system.
    * The input energy is received through the shaft, which rotates in the same direction as the cylinder.
    * The Differential Torque-Turn feature is linear across the entire operating range.
    * As an energy storage element, it uses helical cylindrical traction springs.
    Another possible form of operation, mutatis mutandis, would be receiving mechanical energy through the cylinder and transferring it to another system along the axis.
    Until now, there is no known application that mounts the device that the present invention proposes.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    For centuries, mechanical devices that require continuous movement, such is the case for example of wall clocks, alarm clocks, toys, ... used the potential energy of rising masses (in the case of some wall clocks or the clock of the bells of the Puerta del Sol in Madrid), or the energy stored in spiral metal springs that were wound on the axis (potential elastic energy) (in the case of desktop clocks, wrist watches, or of small toys). In this case it is therefore a mechanical accumulator of energy of simple twist (the only rotating element is the axis) and with spiral springs. The novelty of the invention that is proposed is that it is double-turn (also rotates the housing) and that it employs tension springs instead of spiral springs.
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    In the aforementioned case of suspended masses, since the weight of the masses is constant, the torque to which it gives rise will also be constant. In the case of watches with spiral springs, the torque provided by the spiral spring is also substantially constant, as shown in the Cartesian piano of Figure 5, with the linearized behavior by sections, in the line a stroke and point.
    That the torque is constant is a requirement for the proper functioning of the watches, so that the speed of rotation of their hands is also constant.
    Another application of spiral springs is the automatic closing of the doors. When the door is opened, turning it on the axis of the hinges, energy is stored in the spring that returns it when closed alone. To close smoothly, the end of the course is braked by a shock absorber.
    Another useful example of spiral springs is the set of remote control and have retractable cars. You could name more applications infmity.
    When the travel, angle of rotation, is small, instead of a spiral spring, torsion springs or torsion bars can be mounted.
    As can be seen, the operation of the spiral springs is always the same: the input energy is transferred providing a pair of dextrogiro (for example) turning the shaft to the right (tensioning the spring) and the spring returns the energy through it axis (“tensioning” the spring), turning the axis in the opposite direction, levogiro, to the left. Energy enters and leaves through the same axis.
    In the case of small turns, as stated above, torsion springs can be used.
    In a mechanical accumulator, when it is desired that the energy input be through the rotation of an axis, the "natural" solution is to mount a spiral metal spring.
    There are applications, as in the case of wave converters, where it is interesting to have a “double-turn rotary mechanical accumulator, with
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    traction springs “with linear differential torque-response over the entire operating range = so that the load of the primary converter can work at the most convenient point of the resistant torque in order to determine the height of the waves. With a low amplitude wave, the thrust that the floating buoy can provide is reduced, and if the torque that opposes the spiral spring is very high, no energy will be transferred to the accumulator. If, on the contrary, the wave is of high amplitude, if the torque that opposes the spiral spring is small, the product of the force (small) along the path will also give a reduced value; converted energy and transformation performance, reduced. It is therefore interesting that the torque set by the accumulator is adequate for the height of the waves, reduced torque for small waves, high torque for large waves.
    A “Rotary mechanical accumulator, with double rotation, with traction springs”, and with a linear response Differential Torque over the entire operating range is a possible solution to the operating requirement to obtain a high conversion efficiency. While the same torque-angle linear characteristic could be achieved by using a spiral spring with a special design for the development of the strap, this solution would be very expensive.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The device described in the present invention is one of the possible constructive solutions to the requirements set forth in the previous section, Object of the invention.
    As a mechanical energy storage element, the cylindrical traction coil spring is to be used but the combination of several in series, or in parallel, or concentric can also be understood; or conics ... or to springs designed to work under compression; or to plate springs or other; with all the same or different springs. As a material, it can be made of steel or any other metal or material endowed with the required mechanical properties. They could also be used, instead of springs, tensioners formed by rubber or other elastic materials, or combination of these tensioners with springs ....
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    The essential property that makes the traction spring suitable, for the objective pursued, is its linear behavior following Hooke's Law, that is, the deformation is proportional to the applied force, as long as the elastic limit is not exceeded. With the help of the coordinate axes of Figure 5, the behavior can be seen in the straight line of lower function. In abscissa the elongation is represented and in orderly the tension, force applied. The straight line of superior function represents the behavior of a tensioned tension spring (the usual) with the turns together when at rest: with a small tension no deformation is achieved. This same upper straight line also represents the behavior of the “Double-turn rotary mechanical accumulator with traction springs” and with a differential Torque-Linear linear response in the entire operating range where the differential angle is now represented in the abscissa rotated (angle rotated by the axis in the dextrogiro direction minus angle rotated by the cylinder in the dextrogiro direction) and in orderly the resistant torque.
    We will assume that we observe the converter from the drive side, power input, and start from the state at rest (completely calm sea).
    To follow the explanation of operation it is desirable to observe Figures 1 and 2. The energy flow in the converter is from the waves to the electric generator (not shown).
    The accumulator object of the invention consists of an axis on which an input pair is applied in the direction of dextrogiro in the, let's call it, "section A", marked with number 21, on the left end of Figure 2, pin-axis . After the application point of the external input torque, a ratchet device (“ratchet”) is mounted that allows the movement to be transmitted in unison, with continuity, to the “section B” marked with the number 22 (input axis) when the direction of rotation of the axis in “section A” is dextrogiro. The axis in the "section A" (pin-axis) can rotate in a levogiro direction but when this happens, by action of the ratchet, its movement is not transmitted towards the "section B" (input axis).
    Suppose a marine buoy with mast incorporating a zipper. Upon receiving a wave, the buoy-mast set moves, by flotation, upwards. This linear movement will be transmitted through the pinion engaged in a dextrogiro rotation movement on the driven shaft. After the pin-axis, the
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    ratchet device That is, during the upward travel of the mast float assembly the input shaft to the accumulator rotates to the right. This means that the drum-plate inside the cylinder, concentric and integral with the shaft, also turns "hunting" the cable that corresponds to the "Power" end of the hoist system of the hoist and winding it onto the surface of the plate. drum. Assume that the length of cable that has just been wound on the drum plate is 40 cm. This means that these 40 cm of cable will have left the hoist and as the fixed pulleys cannot move, it means that the mobile pulleys will have approached the fixed pulleys. If we assume that the hoist has a 4 to 1 ratio, it means that the end of the mobile pulleys, end of "Resistance", will have moved 10 cm. A "secondary spring" has been attached to the end of the mobile pulley and to this, through a flexible cable, the free end of the main spring. As the main spring has the other end fixed to the cylinder, it means that the above 10 cm will correspond to the elongation supported by both springs. If both springs are of the same characteristics and if they had a ratio of resting lengths 9 to 1, it would mean that the main spring would have lengthened 9 cm and the secondary spring 1 cm. Energy will be stored in these two springs, in the form of elastic potential energy, in an amount with the same 9 to 1 ratio.
    With the withdrawal of the wave, the floating buoy will lower, the axis in the "section A" will rotate in a levogiro direction. With the arrival of successive waves, the floating buoy will rise again and the springs will continue to be tensioned, accumulating more energy.
    The axis in the "section B" cannot turn levogiro because the ratchet prevents it. With tensioned springs, there are forces that pull the cylinder in the direction of turning it in the same direction as the axis (dextrogiro), therefore it will rotate if the antagonistic torque is not very high. As you can see, the axis will rotate in the dextrogiro direction and the cylinder will also (hence the expression "... double turn ..." in the patent title).
    The transmission of the energy stored in the accumulator to the load, to another system, is done through the cogwheel in solidarity with the cylinder through gears, chain, tape, ...
    If the springs are more tensioned, a higher torque can be obtained in the cylinder. If the springs are doubled, having doubled the differential angle of
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    turn, the torque obtained in the cylinder will also be double (and the energy stored will be four times greater).
    The pinon-axis (6) and the ratchet (7) are not part of the “Mechanical double-turn rotary accumulator with traction springs”. They are incorporated into the attached figures only for the purpose of explaining the operation.
    The terms of extremes or section of "Power" and "Resistance" are to be understood as in the nomenclature of Classical Mechanical Engineering (by way of example, and mutatis mutandis, in the law of the lever "Power by his arm is equal to Resistance for yours ”).
    It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands the scope of the invention and the advantages that derive from it.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 shows a buoy (marked with the number 2) floating in the sea, oscillating vertically in the presence of waves (1). The buoy transmits the movement through a mast (rigidly attached to the buoy) incorporating a rack (4) that meshes with the pin (5).
    When a wave arrives, due to the thrust of Archimedes (3), the buoy-mast assembly rises, and rotates the pinon dextrogiro. The pinon is rigidly attached to the pin-axis (6) that will therefore rotate in the dextrogiro direction. If the pin-axis rotates in the dextrogiro direction, the ratchet (7) transmits the turning movement towards the input shaft (8) to the accumulator. If the pin-axis rotates levogiro, the ratchet does not transmit the movement to the input shaft
    With the number 9 the cylinder containing the set of accumulator elements is represented. It is from this accumulator that the present invention is about.
    Figure 2 shows a possible constitution of “Mechanical double-turn rotary accumulator with traction springs”. A more detailed explanation will be made in the following section: Preferred realization of the invention.
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    Figure 3 shows a partial view from one of the bases of the accumulator, indicating a proposal for the location of some elements, including the main springs. The toothed crown attached to the outer face of the cylinder can also be seen.
    Figure 4 shows another proposal for “Double-turn rotary mechanical accumulator with traction springs” with other components. The hoist is replaced by a gear train. It is a more compact design, more reliable and suitable for higher powers. The drawback with respect to the design of Figure 2 is that it is more expensive. One way to get cheaper - although losing qualities - would be, for example, to replace the pinion-wheel gear with a chain drive.
    Figure 5 represents on some coordinate axes the function Tension - Deformation for the accumulator that mounts traction springs without pre-tension (lower straight line) and with pre-tension (upper straight line). The same lines represent the function Par - Angle of differential rotation.
    With the line drawn with stroke and dot, the behavior that the accumulator would have is represented if instead of mounting traction springs (as proposed by the present invention) spiral springs had been mounted.
    The elements referred to in the drawings are listed below:
    I. - Sea surface. Wave
    2. - Floating buoy
    3. - Archimedes Force (Flotation Push)
    4. - Mast zip
    5. - Pinon
    6. - Pinon axis (Pinon-axis)
    7. - Ratchet mechanism. Rattle.
    8. - Input shaft (to the accumulator)
    9. - Cylinder. Enclosure
    10. - Toothed crown, chain wheel, gear ...
    II. - Hoist
    12.- Secondary spring.
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    13. - Roldana
    14. - Bearing
    15. - Drum plate
    16. -Pinon on the shaft
    17. - Cogwheel
    18. - Drum
    19. - Main spring.
    20. - Flexible cable
    21. - Section A
    22. - Section B
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    The design shown in Figure 2 is chosen as a preferred embodiment. We will assume, for both the cylinder and the axis, dextrogiro turns.
    The accumulator object of the present invention has the external appearance of a cylinder that acts as a housing (9) and a shaft (8). Both cylinder and axle are rotatable and are designed to rotate - not in solidarity - in the same direction. On the cylinder is mounted only, jointly and concentrically, on the outside, a gear wheel (10) to transmit the movement (and energy) to another external element. All other elements of the accumulator are housed inside the cylinder.
    For the explanation that follows we will assume that the cylinder remains still.
    The accumulator object of the present invention consists of an axis (8) through which the input energy is received with a dextrogiro rotation movement. On this axis a drum-shaped plate (15) is mounted concentrically, in solidarity, on which, according to a dextrogiro rotation of the axis, the end of a cable is wound. This end of the cable is the one that corresponds to the “Power” end of the hoist. At the other end of the hoist, which corresponds to the mobile pulley system (11), "Resistance", joins the end of a spring (12) (which we will call secondary spring or spring); the other end of this pier joins
    to another cable (20) ending at the mobile end of the main spring (19). The fixed end of the main spring is firmly attached to the cylinder (9).
    The main spring-cable-secondary spring-hoist assembly (which we can call "traction set") could be arranged in a straight line, but this would require a very long cylinder (housing) to be mounted (although smaller in diameter). An assembly can be made with a shorter cylinder, with the elements arranged in U, with rollers in the changes of direction. This is the design that is represented. Other traction assemblies can be mounted symmetrically to the previous ones (not shown), with the “Power” cables also being wound in another 10 symmetrical drum plate (this one if represented).
    The terms in which this report has been described should always be returned in a broad and non-limiting sense.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
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    1 Rotary mechanical accumulator, double-turn, with traction springs, comprising: a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder as a housing; the cylinder contains an external crown of solidarity; the shaft contains a solidarity drum on which the end of the cable of a hoist (power end) is wound; the other end of the hoist (resistance end) joins a series formed by a secondary traction spring, a cable and a main traction spring; The other end of this main traction spring is attached to the cylinder.
    [2]
    2.- Rotary mechanical accumulator, double-turn, with traction springs, according to revindication 1 that includes several hoist assemblies plus the series formed by a secondary traction spring, a cable and a main traction spring.
    [3]
    3. - Double-rotating rotary mechanical accumulator with traction springs according to claims 1 and 2 in which one or more traction springs is replaced by elastic elements to the traction.
    [4]
    4. - Rotary mechanical accumulator, double turn, with traction springs, comprising a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder as a housing; the cylinder contains an external crown of solidarity; the axle contains a speed reducing train whose output drags a drum on which a cable is wound that makes a tensile stress on a series assembly formed by a secondary traction spring, a cable and a main traction spring; The other end of this main traction spring is attached to the cylinder.
    [5]
    5. - Rotary mechanical accumulator, double turn, with traction springs comprising a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder as a housing; the cylinder contains an external crown of solidarity; The shaft contains a speed reducer train with several outputs, each output drags into a drum on which it is wound
    a cable that makes a traction effort on a series assembly formed by a secondary traction spring, a cable and a main traction spring; The other end of this main traction spring is attached to the cylinder.
    5 6.- Rotary mechanical accumulator, double turn, with traction springs
    according to claims 4 and 5 wherein one or more traction springs is replaced by elastic elements to the traction.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2639048B1|2018-08-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4263820A|1978-08-23|1981-04-28|Wetherald Milo N|Energy equalizing and storing device|
    CN103291529A|2012-02-27|2013-09-11|李滨|Novel totally-closed wave energy power generation device|
    US20150275847A1|2013-07-31|2015-10-01|Ingine ,Inc.|Power converting apparatus|
    ES2549830A1|2014-05-02|2015-11-02|Universidade Da Coruña|Wave converter with oscillating water column, with float, low inertia and double rotation rotary mechanical energy accumulator mounted on the transmitter train. |
    法律状态:
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