• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Water reuse system (1) for washing center (3) of fruit and vegetables, in which the treatment means are formed by a combination of in-line mechanisms comprising a hydrocyclone separator (4) to which the water reaches from the washing center (3), two physical filtering mechanisms, formed by a disc filter (5) and an ultrafiltration membrane (6) connected to it, where the filtering step size of both mechanisms is gradually reduced and, a final mechanism formed by at least one adsorbent bed (7), connected with the ultrafiltration membrane (6) and with a tank (2) for collecting treated water, and where the cleaning means of the physical filtration mechanisms comprise a backwashing mechanism common to both, with water and air under pressure (9), in the opposite direction to that of the water to be treated. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2631192A1
    申请号:ES201630230
    申请日:2016-02-29
    公开日:2017-08-29
    发明作者:Alejandro ESCOLAR REINA
    申请人:Ecohidro Ebt S L；Ecohidro Ebt SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Water reuse system for fruit and vegetable washing center Technical field of the invention
    The present invention corresponds to the technical field of water reuse systems for a fruit and vegetable washing center, which comprise water treatment means used in the washing connected to a washing water collection tank, a water tank. collection of treated water connected to said treatment means and to the washing center and, cleaning means of the treatment means.
    Background of the Invention
    At present, the legislation establishes sanitary criteria for the quality of water for human consumption, defining as such all those waters used in the food industry for the purpose of manufacturing, treatment, conservation or marketing of products or substances intended for human consumption, as well as those used in cleaning surfaces, objects and materials that may be in contact with food.
    This generates the need to consider as water for human consumption and therefore, demand compliance with the sanitary requirements required of it, the water used in the washing of fruits and vegetables that is carried out in the fruit and vegetable industry.
    In this process of washing fruits and vegetables there are two problems to consider. The first of these is the large volume of water used for this use, which is also usually located in regions with scarcity of this water resource, which is both an economic and environmental inconvenience.
    The second problem appears at the time of discharge of the water used in the fruit and vegetable washing to the environment. The environmental impact generated by the discharge of said washing waters if they are not subjected to a previous treatment, is due on the one hand to the high concentration of solids they present, which can produce a sediment layer at the bottom of the receiving waters, being able to generate an anaerobic degradation with the consequent formation of smelly gases.
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    On the other hand, the decomposition of organic matter can result in a decrease in water oxygen, fish death, production and emission of biogas and formation of a layer of floating material.
    Finally, the phytosanitary and agrochemical products used in fruit and vegetable crops, mainly pesticides and pesticides, represent an important source of contamination for the receiving environment.
    Due to these problems, the reuse of the fruit and vegetable washing water is proposed as a solution, thus guaranteeing the quality required for the water, minimizing the volume of water used and eliminating the discharge of hazardous pollutants into the environment.
    In the state of the art there are systems for reusing water for washing fruits and vegetables. The resulting water after the process of washing fruits and vegetables has a series of common characteristics that hinder its proper treatment, such as very high loads of suspended solids, mainly land, sand, silt and clays, which also varies depending on of the type of product, culture and conservation, which implies that the same treatment line must be effective against several design parameters, a high organic matter load, a high concentration of pathogenic microorganisms and a variable concentration of dissolved pesticides and pesticides.
    That is why prior to the reuse of these waters, they must be filtered. This entails the necessary cleaning of the filters normally after each cycle, so that they remain effective, otherwise a reduction in productivity is generated. Obtaining the effective cleaning of the filters is complicated and also, it must be carried out between treatment cycles, so the more time invested in the cleaning, the lower the productivity of the treatment plant.
    Existing filtration systems use techniques such as physical-chemical treatments through coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation and / or sand bed filtration.
    As an example of the state of the art, reference documents WO2009087259 and ES2357822 can be mentioned.
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    Reference document WO2009087259 refers to a process for the treatment of water for washing agricultural products comprising two stages, successive or simultaneous, one of them being coagulation / flocculation of suspended matter and the other adsorption of agrochemical compounds. There is the option of adding at the coagulation / flocculation stage, a coagulating agent, preferably A12 (S04) 3 or FeCI3.
    In this procedure the objective is to treat the wash waters to eliminate both suspended materials and pesticide residues, so that this water can be reused or discharged into the environment.
    These procedures based on coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation have limitations due to the fact that the effectiveness of the chemical treatment used for the separation of high TSS loads is not sensitive to the variations of load and flow of the water to be treated, so The quality of treated water is not guaranteed.
    On the other hand, the effectiveness of the system is conditioned by the use and availability of chemical products, which may even affect the quality of the treated product. In addition, they need a very high implantation space, which is an inconvenience to take into account inside the fruit and vegetable plants, where the space is very tight.
    Reference document ES2357822 refers to a system for recovering broths from the drains in which the treatment of harvested products, such as fruits and the like, takes place, which presents a homogenization tank of the broth from the drain from which It pumps the broth to a filter press through which the broth is filtered and dehydrated, which is sent to a tank of clarified and disinfected, to be returned again to the drain prior injection of phytosanitary products.
    This system considers a redirection of the broth through a bypass conduit to the homogenization tank, since at first there are no solids in the press filter plates there is a leak of solids. Thus, with this redirect the broth is passed several times through the filter press so that there is already a layer of solids before you can start recycling the broths.
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    This system in addition to the inconvenience due to the necessary recirculation that creates a layer of solids in the filter press to avoid the leakage of solid, presents another disadvantage because the solids that are deposited in the existing filter cloths on both sides of the Press filter plates get dirty and this results in a loss of their filtering power. This creates the need to perform fabric cleaning operations, with a frequency that depends on the volume of sludge filtered, and which can lead to daily cleaning in some cases. This is cumbersome, and produces a significant reduction in the effectiveness of the filter press when the fabrics already have a certain degree of dirt, also reducing the productivity of the system.
    Therefore, there is currently no technique that allows joint action on all the problems in the treatment of washing water.
    Description of the invention
    The water reuse system for the fruit and vegetable washing center, which is presented here, comprises water treatment means used in the washing connected to a washing water collection tank, a connected treated water collection tank to said treatment means and to the washing center, and cleaning means of the treatment means.
    Said treatment means are formed by a combination of mechanisms connected in line comprising an initial mechanism formed by a hydrocyclonic separator to which water arrives from the collection tank, both physical filtration mechanisms, formed by a disk filter connected to the separator. hydrocyclonic and an ultrafiltration membrane connected to the disk filter and, a final mechanism formed by at least one adsorbent bed, connected with the ultrafiltration membrane and connected in turn with the treated water collection tank
    The step of filtering of both mechanisms by physical filtration formed by the disk filter and the ultrafiltration membrane is gradually reduced in the direction of progress of the water to be treated.
    Ace! Likewise, the cleaning means of the treatment means comprise a backwash mechanism of the disk filter and the ultrafiltration membrane, common to both,
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    by a combination of water and pressurized air, in the opposite direction to the progress of the water to be treated.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the backwashing mechanism is connected to an auxiliary cleaning tank of pressurized treated water with pressurized air, where said auxiliary cleaning tank has a water inlet connected to the adsorbent bed, a pressurized air inlet and a water and air pressure outlet connected to the ultrafiltration membrane and to the disk filter.
    In this case and according to a preferred embodiment, the filling of the auxiliary water cleaning tank with pressurized air is carried out prior to the filling of the treated water collection tank.
    In a preferred embodiment, the at least one adsorbent bed is formed by active carbon.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the water reuse system comprises a warning device and activation of the backwash mechanism autonomously.
    According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the water reuse system comprises control means for providing additional wash water to balance losses.
    In this way, the treatment of these washing waters begins with the passage of them by the initial mechanism constituted by the hydrocyclonic separator, which eliminates all those particles whose specific weight is greater than the water by means of the centrifugal and gravity effect .
    The subsequent circulation of the wash water through a physical filtering by means of a disk filter achieves a first retention of particles of a certain retention size. Subsequently, the physical filtering is applied by ultrafiltration membranes, with a filtering size already smaller than that of the disk filter.
    Finally, the adsorbent beds eliminate the phytosanitary and agrochemical products that the washing water can contain.
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    When the physical filters get dirty, the backwash of the system is activated automatically. This backwashing consists in the application of water and pressurized air in the opposite direction to the progress of the water in the treatment. In this way the movement of solids and the cleaning of equipment is achieved, thus recovering the capacity of retention of solids of the filter elements after each cleaning process.
    With the water reuse system for the fruit and vegetable washing center proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
    This is because the combination of the different treatment mechanisms achieves an effective and complete elimination of suspended solids, organic matter, as well as phytosanitary and agrochemical products from the wash water, obtaining water for reuse in the fruit and vegetable washing center, which meets the quality required for water for human consumption.
    In addition, when using a mixture of water and pressurized air, the volume of water needed for cleaning is significantly reduced and therefore, the volume of cleaning water that is subsequently poured into the environment and needs to be replaced is smaller.
    However, although there is still a discharge of water into the environment, it is free of phytosanitary and agrochemical products, as these are adsorbed by the adsorption beds and, although it contains suspended solids, the volume of water discharged is very small .
    Therefore, it is a system that respects the environment and in which the cost invested in water is significantly reduced since only a small part is discharged into the environment and must be replaced. The rest of the volume is completely reused.
    It is therefore a simple and efficient system that significantly reduces costs and at the same time eliminates the discharge of pollutants into the environment.
    Brief description of the drawings
    In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, it is provided as part
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    member of this description, a series of drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
    Figure 1.- Shows a scheme of the water reuse system for a fruit and vegetable washing center, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    In view of the figure provided, it can be observed that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water reuse system 1 for the washing center 3 of fruits and vegetables proposed here, comprises means for treating the water used in the washing connected to a tank 11 for collecting the washing water, a tank 2 for collecting the treated water connected to said treatment means and to the washing center 3 and, means for cleaning the treatment means.
    As shown in Figure 1, said water treatment means used in the washing, are formed by a combination of mechanisms connected in line comprising an initial mechanism formed by a hydrocyclic separator 4 to which the water arrives from the tank 11 collection of washing water, two physical filtration mechanisms, formed by a disk filter 5 connected to the hydrocyclic separator 4 and an ultrafiltration membrane 6 connected to the disk filter 5 and, a final mechanism formed by at least one adsorbent bed 7, connected with the ultrafiltration membrane 6 and connected in turn with the collection tank 2 for treated water.
    The filtering step size of the physical filtration mechanisms, that is to say the disk filter 5 and the ultrafiltration membrane 6, is gradually reduced, in the direction of advance of the water to be filtered.
    Furthermore, in this water reuse system 1, the cleaning means of the treatment means comprise a backwash mechanism of the disc filter 5 and the ultrafiltration membrane 6, common to both. Said backwashing mechanism uses a combination of water and pressurized air 9, in the opposite direction to the advance of the water to be filtered.
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the backwashing mechanism is connected to an auxiliary cleaning tank 8 of pressurized treated water with air at
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    pressure, where said auxiliary cleaning tank 8 has a water inlet connected to the adsorbent bed 7, a pressurized air inlet 12 and a pressurized water and air outlet connected to the ultrafiltration membrane 6 and the disc filter 5.
    The filling of this auxiliary cleaning tank 8 is carried out in this preferred embodiment of the invention, prior to filling the tank 2 for collecting treated water.
    Thus, when the treatment of the wash water in the reuse system 1 is started, the water already treated in the system is first directed to said auxiliary cleaning tank 8. Once it is filled and therefore already There is a water reserve for cleaning the disk filter 5 and the ultrafiltration membrane 6, the remaining water continues to the collection tank 2, to be reused in the washing center 3, for a new washing cycle of Fruits and vegetables.
    In this water reuse system a combination of treatment mechanisms is used to achieve an effective elimination of suspended solids, organic matter, pathogenic microorganisms and pesticides and pesticides, without the use of chemical products that remain in the water and they are harmful for the environment or, in the case of water reuse, for fruit and vegetable products.
    The first of the treatment mechanisms that is applied to the wash waters is a hydrocyclic separator 4, which eliminates particles of a specific weight greater than that of water, and is achieved by the effect of gravity and centrifugal force.
    For a next degree of filtering, the disk filter 5 is used in second place, with which it is possible to eliminate those solids in suspension of greater size than the filtering degree of the selected disk, which can be between 5 and 400 pm and that in this preferred embodiment of the invention is 130 pm.
    This disk filter 5 achieves the filtration of the washing water by circulation thereof through a column of flat grooved discs.
    The water then continues to the treatment mechanism formed by an ultrafiltration membrane 6 in which the filtration is obtained by circulating water through semipermeable hollow fiber membranes. It retains all solids in
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    suspension with a size greater than 0.03 pm, for this preferred embodiment of the invention. At the end of this treatment mechanism the water does not present or solids in suspension and turbidity.
    However, the water after passing through these three mechanisms of continuous treatment presenting phytosanitary and agrochemical products, so that the water is finally passed through at least one adsorbent bed 7 to be able to manage it later as a solid waste.
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the adsorbent bed 7 used is formed by active carbon.
    This water reuse system, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, comprises a warning device and activation of the backwash mechanism autonomously, so that when it is detected that the filters have a certain fixed level of dirt, Turn on an alarm that automatically activates the backwash mechanism.
    For the backwashing mechanism, the volume of pressurized water is used by supply of pressurized air 9, previously collected in the auxiliary cleaning tank 8. As the water of this auxiliary cleaning tank 8 has previously run through the four treatment mechanisms, including that of the adsorbent bed 7, is a water free of phytosanitary and agrochemical products, so after executing the backwash of the disk filter 5 and the ultrafiltration membrane 6, the resulting discharge water 10 is not very aggressive with the environment , because the resulting volume has been reduced and this will not contain such phytosanitary and agrochemical products.
    As the water used for cleaning the physical filtration mechanisms is mixed with pressurized air, the volume of this necessary is smaller. However, although a reduced amount, it is a volume of water that is subtracted from that which is reused again in the washing center 3 for a new cycle. Therefore, the water reuse system in this preferred embodiment of the invention comprises control means for the provision of additional washing water to balance the water used in cleaning filters and other possible losses.
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    The described embodiment is only an example of the present invention, therefore, the details, terms and specific phrases used herein are not to be considered as limiting, but are only to be understood as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art sufficient information to apply the present invention.
    With the water reuse system for the fruit and vegetable washing center presented here, important improvements are achieved with respect to the state of the art.
    Thus, it is a water reuse system that achieves a water supply for reuse, with the quality required for human consumption waters, ensuring said quality in the event of possible variations in the quality of the water to be treated.
    It is a system capable of efficiently eliminating very high and variable loads of suspended solids, as well as high loads of suspended organic matter.
    It comprises a method of elimination of phytosanitary and agrochemicals through adsorbent beds, completely effective, which does not use chemical products that can affect the quality of fruits and vegetables and also generates waste that can be managed as an urban solid waste.
    This system manages to minimize the spillage of water in the cleaning of the equipment, and in addition said spill is free of phytosanitary and agrochemical products, so the discharge of this type of products to the receiving channel is eliminated.
    Likewise, it is a system that occupies a very small implantation space and that presents an adjusted investment and operation cost.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    1- Water reuse system (1) for a washing center (3) for fruits and vegetables, which includes means for treating the water used in the washing connected to a tank (11) for collecting the washing water, a tank (2) for collecting the treated water connected to said treatment means and to the washing center (3), and means for cleaning the treatment means, characterized in that the treatment means are formed by a combination of mechanisms connected in A line comprising an initial mechanism formed by a hydrocyclonic separator (4) that water arrives from the collection tank (11), two physical filtration mechanisms, formed by a disk filter (5) connected to the hydrocyclic separator (4) and an ultrafiltration membrane (6) connected to the disk filter (5), where the filtration step size of both physical filtration mechanisms is gradually reduced in the direction of progress of the water to be treated and, a final mechanism formed by at least one adsorbent bed (7), connected with the ultrafiltration membrane (6) and connected in turn with the tank (2) for collecting treated water and, where the cleaning means of the treatment means comprise a backwash mechanism of the disc filter (5) and the ultrafiltration membrane (6) common to both, by a combination of water and pressurized air (9), in the opposite direction to the progress of the water to be treated.
    2- Water reuse system (1) for washing center (3) for fruit and vegetable treatment, according to claim 1, characterized in that the backwash mechanism is connected to an auxiliary cleaning tank (8) of treated water pressurized with pressurized air, where said auxiliary cleaning tank (8) has a water inlet connected to the adsorbent bed (7), a pressurized air inlet (12) and a pressurized water and air outlet connected to the membrane ultrafiltration (6) and disk filter (5).
    3- Water reuse system (1) for washing center (3) for fruit and vegetable treatment, according to claim 2, characterized in that the filling of the auxiliary cleaning tank (8) of water with pressurized air (9 ) is carried out prior to filling the tank (2) for collecting treated water.
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    4- Water reuse system (1) for a washing center (3) for treating fruits and vegetables, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one adsorbent bed (7) is formed by active carbon.
    5- Water reuse system (1) for a washing center (3) for the treatment of fruits and vegetables, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a warning device and activation of the backwash mechanism autonomously.
    6- Water reuse system (1) for a washing center (3) for the treatment of fruits and vegetables, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises control means for the contribution of additional washing water to balance losses .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2631192B2|2017-12-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2185491A1|2001-06-22|2003-04-16|Novedades Agricolas S A|Disinfector for e.g. agriculture water includes a drain water tank and pump, with addition of acid for electrolysis|
    WO2012156438A1|2011-05-17|2012-11-22|Masse en faillite Adamant Technologies SA par l'Office des Faillites|Method for post-harvest treating citrus fruit|
    ES2412011A1|2012-01-05|2013-07-09|Decco Ibérica Post Cosecha, S.A.|Water treatment device in fruit washing machines |
    WO2016005638A1|2014-07-07|2016-01-14|Tecnidex, Técnicas De Desinfección, S.A.U.|System for optimising treatment media in post-harvest processes|
    法律状态:
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