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    • 专利摘要:
    An energy converter module is presented, from the wave energy, to generate electrical energy, characterized by having a coupling-uncoupling system (7) that allows uncoupling buoyancy. A module will basically contain: support structure (1) fixed to the seabed; water-tight casing (5), which houses an active mass (3) and an electric generator (4); float (6); a coupling-decoupling system (7) and a computer (8) governing the processes. The coupling-uncoupling system (7), mechanically is: a set of pulleys, a coupling mechanism (26), a ratchet (31) and a brake (41). The coupling-uncoupling system (7), during wave ascent, couples the float (6) to raise the active mass (3), decoupling it in wave descent. Maintains the elevated position of the active mass (3), releasing it after one or more wave cycles, its gravitational potential energy is extracted in the form of electrical energy. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2630735A1
    申请号:ES201500671
    申请日:2016-02-19
    公开日:2017-08-23
    发明作者:Pablo TORRES BLANCO
    申请人:Pablo TORRES BLANCO；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Wave power converter module, with decoupling buoyancy.
    For years, this civilization suffers from energy problems. The energy from hydrocarbons is finite and harmful to the environment. It is clear that a sustainable future, involves the use of renewable energy.
    Among the renewable energies, we focus on the energies of the sea, and specifically that coming from the waves, the wave.
    The technologies of current and current exploitation, have as main deficiencies: the low generation powers and the lack of regularity in it.
    To date, electric buoys are focused on taking advantage of the movement of the waves. The coupling-decoupling system (7) that characterizes this invention allows: to accumulate gravitational potential energy, control the moment of release of this gravitational potential energy, transform this gravitational potential energy independently of the converter's float (6), and also regulate the speed of the active mass (3). As a consequence of these technical characteristics, our module generates a greater electrical power and allows greater control over the generation, which translates into a more predictable and continuous generation.
    The technical effects of the converter module presented, substantially improve the state of the art.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Detailed description of the elements
    Support structure (Figure 2)
    The module has a support structure (1), capable of supporting the elements of the generator module. The structure has an anchor point to the seabed (9), with the type of ligature deemed appropriate (labeling, embedment or others) but always restricting at least vertical movement.
    The shaft (10) of the support structure (1) can be of variable length, to adapt to tidal heights, or to different installation locations. This aspect can be solved by incorporating an underwater hydraulic cylinder into the shaft (10), or by using the coupling-decoupling system (7), as explained below.
    The support structure (1) has an upper base (11) located at a level, slightly higher than that of the wave valley. The shaft (10) of the support structure (1) ends on an inverted trunk surface (13), which facilitates the contact of the wave with the float (6). On this inverted trunk cone surface (13), the upper base of the support structure (11), on which the bearing plane (12) is mounted, is located.
    Bearing plane (Figure 3)
    The so-called bearing plane (12), is a bearing that allows the rotation in the plane between the upper base of the support structure (11) and the lower base of the waterproof housing (14). This mechanism must be waterproof.
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    Axis (Figure 4)
    On the lower base of the waterproof housing (14), the central shaft (2) is mounted, in a central vertical position. The axis (2), acts as a glutton of the assembly formed by: the active mass (3) and the electric generator (4), a set that from now on, we will call the generator set ((3) and (4)). The shaft (2), in its hollow interior, can accommodate elements such as the extraction cables (16) of the generated electric energy. The central axis (2) can have a cylindrical or prismatic shape.
    Active mass (Figure 4)
    Around the axis (2) the active mass (3) is mounted, which will oscillate vertically along it.
    The main function of the active mass (3), is to treasure gravitational potential energy.
    The active mass (3) has at least one anchor point (19), which links it to the coupling-decoupling system (7).
    The active mass (3), in the embodiment of the invention with a turbine generator, during the descent-generation phase, acts as a plunger inside the cylinder that forms the water-tight housing (5).
    The shape of the active mass (3) has the function of promoting the Venturi effect in the descent-generation phase.
    Electric generator (Figure 5)
    The electric generator (4), in one embodiment, is an axial flow turbomachinery. This turbomachine has adjustable blades (17). The adjustable blades (17) during the ascent phase will have a position of minimum resistance to flow (Figure 5.1), changing to a turbine position, in the descent-generation phase (Figure 5.2). The electric generator (4) relies on the active mass (3), both have a solidarity movement throughout the process and are linked by vibration isolation elements, such as an elastomeric material (20). The electric generator (4) has a lower diffuser (18), with aerodynamic functions.
    In other embodiments, different types of generator can be arranged in our module. For example, a linear electric generator, in which the central axis (2), is functionally the stator and depending on the design adopted for the generator, it can either house the magnetic circuit, or it can accommodate the armature circuit; and in which the active mass (3), in this embodiment of the invention, is functionally the oscillator, and depending on the design adopted for the linear electric generator, it can either house the magnetic circuit, or it can accommodate the circuit of armor.
    Waterproof case (Figure 6)
    The waterproof housing (5) is located on the bearing plane (12); it houses the active mass (3) and the generator (4).
    The waterproof case (5) is shaped like a cylinder, finished off in a conical cover (25) above.
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    The waterproof housing (5), will have valves (24) in case you want to regulate the pressure of your inner fluid, or vary the fluid itself.
    Externally coupled to the waterproof housing (5 and without being strictly part of it, protective ducts (22) are arranged, which will protect part of the coupling-decoupling system (7) against the aggressions of the marine environment. The protective ducts ( 22) will be a transition between exposure to the marine environment and the watertight conditions of the waterproof case (5).
    Depending on the embodiment, there are at least three points, in which the waterproof housing (5) communicates with elements external to it. They are two upper holes, close to the cover (25) through which two transmitting cables (30) of the coupling-decoupling system (7) and another hole in its base (14) enter, through which the central axis (2) outputs the Extraction cable (16) of electric energy. At these points, the tightness condition changes, we will call them tightness points (23), and they must be conscientious in water treatment. Linear dynamic joints (34) shall be arranged in them, to maintain the tightness in the waterproof housing (5).
    Float (figure 7)
    The float (6) is surrounding the waterproof housing (5) and shaped like a toroid. The float (6) is executed in a light, watertight material and of sufficient mechanical strength, to withstand the stresses that will be transmitted by the mesh structure (27) that surrounds it. It will contain a fluid of lower density than water, for example air. It will have a valve (28) to be able to vary if desired, the internal fluid and the pressure at which it works. The mesh structure (27) of the float (6), has a coupling mechanism (26) linked (a clutch with a jaw (29), for example), a mechanism that is a fundamental part of the coupling-decoupling system (7), this mechanism when coupled, transmits the tensions of the transmitter cable (30) to the mesh structure (27), which distributes them across the surface of the float (6).
    Coupling-decoupling system (Figure 8)
    Functions
    - Mechanically couple the float (6) to the rest of the module (at least in the vertical direction), in the wave ascent phase.
    - To transmit to the generator set (active mass (3) and electric generator (4)), the thrust of the float (6) and apply it in the elevation of said set.
    - Mechanically decouple (at least in the vertical direction) the float (6) from the rest of the module, in the phase of wave descent.
    - Maintain the elevated position of the generator set ((3) and (4)), accumulating its successive elevations, corresponding to the successive wave cycles, that is, maintaining and accumulating gravitational potential energy.
    - Release the downward movement of the generator set ((3) and (4)), when it reaches a certain elevation, that is, control the moment of release of the gravitational potential energy of the set.
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    - Check the speed of descent of the generator set ((3) and (4)), and stop its residual movement, upon reaching the lower base of the waterproof housing (14).
    Elements
    To perform these functions the coupling-decoupling system (7), is formed by a set of mechanisms that execute the actions of the process, and a computer (8) with its corresponding peripherals, which governs the process.
    The main elements of the coupling-decoupling system (7) and the functions they perform are described below:
    - The computer (8) receives the information on the state of the process, through its peripherals, which will basically be motion and position sensors. When we are in the wave ascension phase, the computer (8) sends the coupling order; when we are in the phase of wave descent, send the decoupling order. When the generator set ((3) and (4)) reaches a certain height, it sends the order to release the downward movement of said set.
    - Coupling mechanism (26). The coupling mechanism (26) can be realized as a clutch that drives a jaw (29). Clutch is defined as a system that allows both transmitting and interrupting the transmission of a mechanical energy to its final action, voluntarily. It is permanently linked to the float (6), by means of the mesh structure (27). The coupling mechanism (26), executes the mechanical coupling and decoupling of the float (6) to the rest of the module, for example, by a jaw (29). When we are in the phase of wave rise, it is coupled to the transmitter cable (30), decoupling from it in the phase of descent.
    - Ratchet (31), is the mechanism that preserves the elevated position of the generator set ((3) and (4)), accumulating the successive elevations, corresponding to the successive wave cycles. The ratchet (31) will release the downward movement of the generator set ((3) and (4)), when it reaches a certain height.
    - Brake (41), will be incorporated in at least one of the pulleys, and may be the same as the one in the ratchet (31). It will be the element in charge of controlling the speed of descent of the generator set ((3) and (4)) and of stopping its residual movement, upon reaching the lower base of the watertight housing (14).
    - Upper pulley (40)
    - Lower pulley (39)
    - Transmitter cable (30), with at least one active ground anchor point (19)
    - Reel (32): pick up and drop transmitter cable (30)
    - Simple portico structure (38) can be embedded in the upper face of the bearing plane (12). It supports the following elements: ratchet (31), upper pulley (40), lower pulley (39) and brake (41).
    Tidal height adjustment system.
    You have to adapt the height at which the converter module works, depending on the different heights of sea level, caused by the tides. To achieve this goal,
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    In one embodiment, it is possible to choose to mount a hydraulic cylinder in the shaft (10), which varies in length, according to the orders of the computer (8). The shaft (10) of the module, is variable in its length, is formed by two sections, of different dimensions, such that, one can be housed in the other, that gasket being conveniently waterproofed. The movement between the two sections of the shaft (10) is allowed or restricted, by means of a block (33).
    In another embodiment of the invention, the coupler coupling system (7) can be used as part of the tidal adjustment system. We can transmit the thrust to extend the shaft (10), stopping the transmission of this thrust to the active mass (3) and releasing the blockage (33) of the shaft; as a result, the thrust raises the top of the shaft (10). Conversely, to decrease the length of the shaft (10), with the float (6) disengaged and the lock (33) deactivated, the upper part of the shaft (10) descends by weight; finally, both for the lengthening and for the shortening of the shaft (10), when the desired position is reached, the computer (8) will activate the shaft lock (33) again.
    Computer
    The Computer (8) is in charge of governing and coordinating all the operations that conform to the converter module processes. Receive information on the status of the process, through its peripherals that will be mainly motion and position sensors; Based on this information, issue the orders. The main ones are specified below are orders that you have to issue during an ordinary generation cycle and to which items you send them.
    - Coupling and decoupling, to the coupling mechanism (26), depending on the state of the wave cycle.
    - Locking, to the ratchet (31), of the downward vertical movement of the assembly
    generator ((3) and (4)), during the ascent phase of said set.
    - During the ascent phase of the generator set ((3) and (4)) and depending on the embodiment: or, position of minimum resistance to flow to the mobile vanes (17) of the electric generator (4) turbomachine type ; or, de-energized electromagnets, if you choose to mount a linear electric generator.
    - At the moment when the generator set ((3) and (4)), reaches a height
    determined; in the embodiment with electric generator (4) type
    turbomachine: orders the position of generation to the mobile vanes (17) of the electric generator (4). He immediately orders the release of the downward movement of the generator set ((3) and (4)), to the ratchet (31). In the embodiment with a linear electric generator, excitation of the electromagnets, and release of the downward movement of the generator set, to the ratchet (31).
    - During the descent-generation phase: regulation of the descent speed of the generator set ((3) and (4)), by means of the brake (41); special importance of the regulation of residual speed of the generator set ((3) and (4)), in the final section of its route.
    - Adaptation of the electricity delivered by the module to the transformers (35).
    The computer (8) governs other processes such as: tidal height adjustment, security system settings, or data transmission and reception to remote points.
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    Security system
    If they are registered by the computer peripherals (8), abnormal values in the operation of the module, which are registered as harmful (as during storms), the computer (8) will send orders to avoid these damages; You can, for example, leave the module disconnected from the float (6) permanently.
    It is an advantage, that the security system, against storms and extreme conditions, is the same normal operating system of the module.
    Description of the preferred embodiment
    Anchorage to the seabed
    A reinforced concrete base (37) will be installed at the bottom of the sea. The module has an anchor point to the seabed (9), working as a label on this base. From this point, the shaft (10) starts.
    Support structure
    The support structure (1) is made of stainless steel. From the anchoring point to the seabed (9), the first section of the shaft of diameter D1, larger than D2, starts so that it can be partially housed in one another. Between the two sections there is a linear dynamic joint (34), polymeric, impermeable and resistant to salt water. Section D1 has an automatic lock (33), governed by the computer (8), which prevents or releases movement between the two sections of the shaft (10).
    The support structure (1) in its upper section has an inverted trunk shape (13), thus guiding the rising wave towards the float (6). Transformers (35) are housed in this inverted trunk (13).
    Plain bearing
    Bearing plane (12): the function of this mechanical element is to allow the rotation in the plane between: the upper base of the support structure (11) and the lower base of the waterproof housing (14).
    In the preferred embodiment, the piece is executed as a double direction ball bearing, with several rows of balls. Between the elements of the mechanism, in its exposed part to the sea, polymeric material joints will be arranged, to ensure its tightness.
    Generator
    For the preferred embodiment, the turbine-type electric generator (4) is implemented, implementing an axial flow turbine.
    The electric generator (4) is a turbine of adjustable blades (17); These blades have a position of m (minimum resistance to flow, during the ascent phase, and another position of turbination, during the descent-generation phase.
    The electric generator (4) performs its vertical movement, guided by the central axis (2) and relies on the active mass (3), which performs the function of a frame for it. Electric generator (4) and active mass (3) have a solidarity movement throughout the process, and
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    an elastomeric material (20) is arranged between them, intended to isolate the electric generator (4) against vibrations, both of the active mass (3), and of the lower diffuser (18).
    The active mass (3) has support arms (21), in which the anchor points (19) are fixed; These arms connect to the frame where the electric generator (4) rests.
    The central axis (2) is hollow; in that hole the extraction cable (16) of the electric energy is housed, which is generated in the electric generator (4). This extraction cable (16) has a length sufficient to accompany the movement of ascent and descent of the electric generator (4) and has a reel to collect the excess length, depending on the phase of the cycle in which we are.
    The extraction cable (16) delivers the energy to the transformers (35), housed in the inverted trunk (13).
    Active mass
    The active mass (3) has as function, to treasure gravitational potential energy, therefore, it must be of a heavy, economical and resistant material. For the preferred embodiment, it is reinforced concrete, covering its lower surface, with a polymeric material capable of absorbing mechanical energy from shock. On its surface of contact with the vertical walls of the waterproof housing (5), the active mass (3) is coated with a minimum friction material, such as teflon.
    Once the material is defined, the shape is defined. The active mass (3) falls on the fluid under it, as a plunger in a piston. The flow is oriented to the axis of the system, which passes through the center of gravity of the active mass (3). The electric generator turbine (4) is located there. We are interested that this flow passes at the maximum possible speed through the turbine. Based on Bernoulli's principle, the shape of the active mass (3) will be a toroid, the lower surface of this toroid being a truncated cone. In this way, the flow will be channeled through the section in decrease of the active mass (3), until it is turbinated.
    For this embodiment, the active mass (3) is anchored at two points (19) to the coupling-decoupling system (7); in other configurations they can be four or more, always keeping the symmetry.
    Waterproof case
    The waterproof case (5) has a cylindrical shape and is crowned by a conical cover (25). It is executed in stainless steel.
    As the name implies, it is waterproof and has valves (24), in case you want to regulate the pressure of the fluid (air) it houses.
    We designate as a point of tightness limit (23), at the points where the waterproof housing communicates with external elements. In the preferred embodiment, they are the two upper holes, close to the cover (25) through which transmit cables (30), of the coupling-decoupling system (7), and another hole in its base (14), where the shaft (2) outputs the extraction cable (16) of electric power. In these sensitive points, where the sealing condition changes, it is necessary to have linear dynamic joints (34), which preserve the hydraulic seal inside the
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    housing, these joints are executed with polymers of good mechanical qualities and resistant to a saline environment.
    Although they are not strictly parts of the watertight housing, the same outside has two protective ducts (22), which protect part of the coupling system, from the weather. They are a transition between the conditions of exposure to the marine environment and the tightness inside the waterproof case (5).
    Although in this preferred embodiment, steel is proposed as a material for the waterproof housing (5), there are composite materials, such as fiberglass, or carbon fiber, which could be applied, with good results.
    Coupling-decoupling system
    In this preferred embodiment, for simplicity, the decoupling system (7) has two anchor points to the active mass (19). Do not forget the symmetry of the system we are explaining.
    The float (6) supports the mesh structure (27) and this, in turn, has the coupling mechanism (26), materialized in a clutch that engages and disengages a hydraulic jaw (29), of the transmitter cable (30). The thrust that occurs in the float (6) during the wave rise is transmitted to the transmitter cable (30), which will function primarily as a traction cable. The transmitter cable (30) should have an external treatment against salt water, such as plastic impregnated.
    The tensions of the transmitter cable (30) pass through a set of pulleys, which support their axes in a simple portic structure (38), embedded in two points, to the upper face of the bearing plane (12). The upper beam of the simple portic structure (38), is located inside the waterproof housing and the points of intersection between this structure and the waterproof housing (5), will have to be treated to maintain the tightness.
    The basic elements that define this system are:
    Reel (32), whose main function is to collect and release length of transmitter cable (30) according to the process. It is housed in the protective conduit (22).
    Lower pulley (39): it is the pulley closest to the base of the watertight housing (14), and is exposed to the marine environment, so you have to provide a protection against it, for example, a pvc coating housing .
    Upper pulley (40): is located in the upper part of the simple portico structure (38), housed in the upper part of the protective duct (22). The transmitter cable (30), when leaving it, passes through the sealing point (23) and reaches the ratchet (31).
    The ratchet (31) and the brake (41), are housed inside the waterproof housing (5), which will favor its durability.
    The transmitter cable (30) leaves the ratchet (31) and reaches the anchor point of the active mass (19). The active mass receives the tensions of the transmitter cable (30) at that point and through its support arms (21), it distributes it in its internal structure.
    The processes of the coupling-decoupling system (7) are governed by the computer (8).
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    Float
    The Float (6) has a toroidal shape and is executed in a polymeric material, lightweight, with good mechanical resistance and resistant to corrosion. This type of material allows a great freedom in terms of the creation of the float geometry (6). The float (6) also has a valve (28), which allows regulating the pressure of the fluid it contains, or changing the fluid itself, if desired. This fluid in the preferred embodiment is air. The float (6) has recesses on its surface, intended to fit the mesh structure (27), which in turn supports the coupling mechanism (26) with its jaw (29).
    Tidal height adjustment system
    For the preferred embodiment, of the two systems explained above, the one using the coupling-decoupling system (7) will be used.
    Computer
    The Computer (8) is a computer, composed of its hardware, software and peripheral elements; These peripherals provide the process information, mainly: position, speed and acceleration, of the module elements.
    The peripheral elements are motion and position sensors, they provide the information, which is interpreted by the software. The software is previously calibrated with the operating parameters, evaluates the data provided by the sensors and issues the basic operating orders, based on this data.
    The computer (8) is housed in the lower base of the waterproof case (14).
    Electricity generation system from several converter modules
    You can use several converter modules like the one we are describing to achieve a joint generation, from the individual generations of each module.
    Operation (Description of a generation cycle (Figure 9)
    Wave Valley (Figure 9.1)
    We start from the resting situation and wave valley. We have the generator set (i.e. the active mass (3) and the electric generator (4)), supported by the base of the waterproof housing (14). The float (6) is supported on the surface of the water.
    The coupling-decoupling system (7) at this time, keeps the float (6) decoupled from the rest of the module (at least in the vertical direction).
    Coupling (Figure 9.2)
    Immediately after a valley, the rise of the wave begins. The peripherals inform the computer (8) of this situation and it sends the order of connection to the coupling mechanism (26), which by closing its jaw (29), is coupled to the transmitter cable (30), thus being coupled the float (6) to the rest of the module. The adjustable vanes (17) of the electric generator (4) are arranged in their position of minimum flow resistance (Figure 9.3).
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    Rise of the wave (Figure 9.4)
    The wave is rising and in the float (6) there is a thrust that is transmitted to the active mass (3), using the transmitter cable (30). When this thrust is sufficient, the generator set (active mass (3) and electric generator (4)), will be guided by the axis (2), up to a point close to the wave crest.
    Wave Crest Disconnect (Figure 9.5)
    From the moment of wave crest, the descent of the wave ensues. The peripherals report this situation to the computer (8) which sends the decoupling order to the coupling mechanism (26), opening its jaw (29) and decoupling, at least in the vertical direction, the float (6) from the rest of the module. The downward movement of the generator set (active mass (3) and electric generator (4)) is blocked thanks to the ratchet (31), thus retaining the gravitational potential energy, treasured in the elevated generator set.
    Wave Descent (Figure 9.6)
    The generator set ((3) and (4)) maintains its elevated position. The float (6) that is decoupled from the rest of the module, descends on the surface of the water, until it reaches the next wave valley.
    New coupling and wave rise
    The coupling operation described above is repeated, for the wave valley situation, such as the ascent of the active mass assembly (3) and electric generator (4).
    After a number of wave cycles, the generator set ((3) and (4)) reaches a certain height, which we call generation height (hG), considered suitable for starting the generation process.
    Generation Height (Figure 9.7)
    The generator set (active mass (3) and electric generator (4)), has already reached the height of generation (ha), the peripherals transmit this information to the computer (8). The computer then: sends the decoupling order of the float (6), to the coupling mechanism (26); sends the generation position order to the adjustable blades (17) of the electric generator (4) and the order of release of the vertical movement of the generator set ((3) and (4)), sent to the ratchet (31).
    Descent-Generation (Figure 9.8)
    The electric generator (4) is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is an alternating current generator. The simplest generator consists of a rectangular loop that rotates in a uniform magnetic field. This rotation movement of the turns is produced by the movement of the blades (17) of a turbine, caused by the passage of a fluid (in this case the air) through it. When the loop rotates, the flow of the magnetic field through it changes over time, so we will move electrons: we produce an electromagnetic force
    The electromagnetic force produced: fem = qv x B, is a function of the speed with which the spiral rotates in the magnetic field, at a higher speed, greater electromagnetic generation, and this speed will be determined by the rotation of the blades (17); the
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    vanes (17) will have a speed of rotation (VALabes), a function of the speed of circulation of the fluid through them (VFLUiDo). This flow, of velocity (VFLUiDo), is produced by the difference in existing pressures, between the points of the fluid located under the generator set ((3) and (4)), called PFLb, against the pressure of the points on the call
    P fls-
    This electromagnetic force (fem) is channeled through the extraction cables (16), which go to the transformers (35) and from there to a new transformer, or to the consumption network.
    In the phase of descent-generation, we start from the initial situation, with the generator set ((3) and (4)), in its position of generation height (hG), with the float (6) decoupled, without having in It counts the effect of no valve of the watertight housing (24) and with the vertical movement of the generator set restricted by the ratchet (31). We idealize the initial pressures of the same low fluid and on the generator set, Pfls o = Pfli o (Figure 9.7).
    By releasing the vertical movement of the generator set ((3) and (4)) from the ratchet (31), the lower fluid pressure is increased by the force of the weight of said assembly (My, being PFLb 1> PFLs 1. This difference in pressure at each moment of the descent-generation causes the flow through the electric generator (4).
    The weight of the generator set (MG) is a known force of a gravitational field; If the system can be assumed vertically, we can more easily optimize the rest of the parameters, to maximize the electric generation.
    The decoupling buoyancy module allows to obtain this predictable system of forces, independent of the float (6).
    The coupling-decoupling system (7) is equipped with a brake (41), with which the speed of the generator set ((3) and (4)) can be regulated. This brake (41) is of great importance in the final section of the generator set ((3) and (4)), since it has the function of eliminating its residual movement and thus avoiding any impact with the base of the waterproof housing ( 14). This base, on its surface of contact with the active mass (3), has a layer of elastomeric material (20), for support and vibration absorption.
    Return to starting position.
    The generator set ((3) and (4)), has made its descent independently to the float (6), under a different force system.
    In the next wave valley, we are again in the initial situation.
    Description of the figures
    Figure 1 - General perspective view of a converter module.
    Figure 2 - View of a section by plane of symmetry, of the support structure (1). The following elements can be seen numbered:
    Anchorage to the seabed (9)
    Fuste (10)
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    Upper base of the support structure (11)
    Inverted trunk conical surface (13)
    Lock (33)
    Linear dynamic joint (34)
    Reinforced concrete base (37)
    Figure 3 - View of a section by plane of symmetry of the module. In this section, the bearing plane (12) can be seen, which allows the rotation between the upper base of the support structure (11) and the lower base of the waterproof housing (14).
    Figure 4 - View of a section, illustrating in detail the shape of the active mass (3). The following elements are also indicated numerically:
    Shaft (2)
    Bottom base of the waterproof case (14)
    Extraction Cables (16)
    Anchor point active mass (19)
    Figure 5 - Illustrates the electric generator (4) in its two positions. Figure 5.1 shows the position of minimum resistance to flow, and in 5.2 the position of descent-generation. The following elements are indicated:
    Adjustable blades (17)
    Bottom diffuser (18)
    Elastomer material (20)
    Support arms (21)
    Figure 6 - Shows a section of the waterproof housing (5). The following elements are noted:
    Active mass (3)
    Electric generator (4)
    Extraction Cable (16)
    Protective Ducts (22)
    Sealing point llmite (23), in extended details.
    Waterproof housing valves (24)
    Deck (25)
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    40
    Four. Five
    fifty
    Transmitter cable (30) Linear dynamic joint (34)
    Figure 7 - Illustrates the float. A section of the float (6) is observed by a plane containing the coupling mechanisms (26).
    The figure also shows a plan view of the float (6), in detail of a coupling mechanism (26), with the jaw (29) and the transmitter cable (30) to which it is coupled.
    A perspective view of the mesh structure (27) is shown in the lower part of the figure.
    Figure 8 - Shows a section of the coupling-decoupling system (7). In the lower part of the figure a sectional view can be seen on a plane A, perpendicular to the previous one. The coupling mechanism (26) is observed in detail, illustrating the coupling-disengagement movement.
    The following elements can be identified:
    Anchor point active mass (19)
    Coupling Mechanism (26)
    Gag (29)
    Transmitter Cable (30)
    Ratchet (31)
    Reel (32)
    Simple portico structure (38)
    Lower Pulley (39)
    Upper Pulley (40)
    Brake (41)
    Figure 9 - Shows the operation of a generation cycle, by means of longitudinal and transverse sections. It is subdivided into 8 figures.
    Figure 9.1 Illustrates a wave valley, with the module elements in an initial resting situation. In detail, the jaw (29) is shown in the decoupled position of the transmitter cable (30).
    Figure 9.2 Illustrates in detail the coupling movement.
    Figure 9.3 Illustrates the movement of the electric generator (4) to arrange its adjustable blades (17), in a position of minimum resistance to flow.
    The following elements are numbered in figures 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3:
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    40
    Four. Five
    fifty
    Active mass (3)
    Electric generator (4)
    Float (6)
    Bottom base of the waterproof case (14)
    Adjustable blades (17)
    Bottom diffuser (18)
    Anchor point active mass (19)
    Coupling Mechanism (26)
    Gag (29)
    Transmitter Cable (30)
    Figure 9.4 Shows the module working during the wave ascent. The thrust is symbolized, with the letter "E" and an arrow. In the enlarged detail, the direction of movement is shown by arrows, on the transmitter cable (30), with the float (6) coupled to the rest of the module. The following elements are also indicated:
    Shaft (2)
    Active mass (3)
    Electric generator (4)
    Ratchet (31)
    Brake (41)
    Figure 9.5 Illustrates the moment of a wave crest. In the upper detail, the active mass (3) and the electric generator (4) are observed, maintaining its elevation, thanks to the ratchet (31). In the lower detail the movement of decoupling of the float (6) is illustrated, immediately after the wave crest moment.
    Figure 9.6 Illustrates the operation of the module, during the wave descent, with the active mass (3) and the electric generator (4), held in its elevated position, by the ratchet (31). The float (6), decoupled vertically from the rest of the module, descends on the descending surface of the wave.
    Figure 9.7 Shows the moment before the generation, with the generator set (active mass (3) and electric generator (4)), in its generation height (hG). The initial conditions explained are indicated, with the same low fluid pressure and on the generator set: PFLS 0 = PFLB 0. In the lower right part of the figure, the electric generator (4) is shown, providing its adjustable blades (17) in descent-generation position.
    Figure 9.8 Shows the module during the descent-generation phase. The location of the computer (8) and the transformers (35) is indicated.
    They are symbolized:
    The electromotive force (fem)
    5 The speed of the blade rotation (VALAbEs)
    The fluid circulation speed (VFLUido)
    The fluid pressures under (PFlb t) and above (PFLS t) the generator set, at a time 10 of generation t.
    The weight of the generator set (MG)
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    40
    Four. Five
    fifty
    1. A wave energy converter module, comprising at least:
    - A support structure (1), with at least one point linked to the seabed (9), restricting at least its vertical movement.
    - A waterproof housing (5), supported by the support structure (1). This housing inside houses: an axis (2), an active mass (3) and an electric generator (4) integral with at least one of its components (stator or oscillator), to the movement of the active mass (3).
    - A float (6)
    - A computer (8) governing the processes of the module, with their corresponding peripherals.
    The converter is also characterized by having a coupling-decoupling system (7) that is formed at least by:
    - Coupling mechanism (26) linked to the float.
    - Simple portico structure (38)
    - Lower pulley (39)
    - Upper pulley (40)
    - Reel (32)
    - Reversible ratchet (31)
    - Brake (41)
    - Transmitter cable (30) to which, the coupling mechanism (26) is coupled and disengaged and having at least one anchor point (19) to the active mass.
    - The computer peripherals (8) corresponding to this system.
    During the wave rise, the coupling mechanism (26) keeps the float (6) coupled to the transmission cable (30) at least in the vertical direction. The rising wave produces a thrust in the float (6) which transmits it through the coupling mechanism (26) to the transmitter cable (30). The transmitter cable (30) passes through the lower pulley (39), Game through the upper pulley (40), crosses the waterproof housing (5) until it reaches the reversible ratchet (31), which allows the rotation in the direction of this movement. The transmitter cable (30) after exiting the ratchet, transmits through the anchor point (19) the tension to the active mass (3), raising its position, in the direction of the axis (2) and therefore, increasing the gravitational potential energy of the active mass (3).
    During the wave descent, the coupling mechanism (26) keeps the float (6) of the transmitter cable (30) mechanically uncoupled, at least in the vertical direction, thus the effect of the float (6), outside the vertical force system . The active mass (3) is subjected to the force of its weight, that force is transmitted by the point of
    5
    10
    fifteen
    twenty
    25
    30
    35
    anchor (19) to the transmitter cable (30); the rotation that induces this force, is locked in the reversible ratchet (31), whereby the elevated position of the active mass (3) is maintained, that is, its gravitational potential energy is conserved.
    After one or several wave cycles as described, the active mass (3) is in an elevated position, sum of the elevations of each wave ascent and subjected to the force of its weight. At that time, the restricted rotation in the ratchet (31) is released and the coupling mechanism (26) keeps the float (6) mechanically uncoupled from the transmitter cable (30), at least in the vertical direction, whereby the transmitter cable ( 30) does not transmit tension to the active mass (3) and follows its downward movement, dragged by the anchor point (19); the spool (32) during the downward movement of the active mass (3) releases the length of the transmitter cable (30), picking up the cable length, in the upward movement. In this arrangement of the module, the active mass (3) releases its gravitational potential energy during its descent into the watertight housing (5) and this energy will be transformed by the generator (4) into electrical energy.
    By means of the brake (41) the speed of the active mass (3) is regulated, through the transmitter cable (30).
    On the simple portico structure (38) are supported: lower pulley (39), upper pulley (40), reel (32), reversible ratchet (31) and brake (41).
    [2]
    2. A converter module as described in claim 1, which also has a bearing plane (12), which allows the rotation between the lower base of the waterproof housing (14) and the upper base of the support structure (11 ).
    [3]
    3. A converter module as described in claim 1, which has a valve on the float (28) and a valve on the waterproof housing (24).
    [4]
    4. A converter as described in claim 1, which has a height adjustment mechanism against the tides, formed by the retractable shaft (10) of the support structure (1), a lock (33) and the coupling-decoupling system (7).
    [5]
    5. An electric generation system that uses several converter modules as described in claim 1, achieving a joint electric generation, from the combination of the generations of each module.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2630735B1|2018-02-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3964264A|1974-04-01|1976-06-22|Tornabene Michael G|Wave-action undersea-drilling rig|
    US20080157532A1|2006-12-15|2008-07-03|Steven Loui|Marine wave energy conversion system|
    WO2011154511A1|2010-06-11|2011-12-15|Ocean Renewables Limited|A floating vessel that converts wave energy at sea into electrical energy|
    EP2610480A1|2010-08-26|2013-07-03|García Garrido, Diego|Device for generating electrical energy by harnessing the energy of waves|
    EP2860423A1|2013-07-31|2015-04-15|Ingine Inc.|Power conversion device|ES2732238A1|2018-05-21|2019-11-21|Blanco Pablo Torres|Wave power converter module |
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