• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method of recovery of plastic from complex materials; which comprises, at least the following phases: successive crushing of the complex product in portions of 8 to 12 millimeters, of 4 to 6 millimeters and of a size equal to or less than 2 millimeters, making the separation of the polyester fluff after each crushing of the remaining plastic mixture with polyester, finally submitting the remaining mixture to successive agitations and extractions of the polyester fluff by sieving, suction, blow and/or impulsion, until obtaining a plastic with a purity of 99.99%. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2627483A1
    申请号:ES201600083
    申请日:2016-01-28
    公开日:2017-07-28
    发明作者:Francisco Riera Berenguer；Adela CANTÓN BONJOCH
    申请人:Francisco Riera Berenguer；Adela CANTÓN BONJOCH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Plastic recovery method from complex materials.
    Object of the invention.
    The object of the present invention is a method of recovering plastic from complex materials, said complex materials being constituted by plastic material reinforced with threads or layers of another material, for example polyester.
    This method presents constructive particularities oriented to achieve a practically total elimination of the fibers incorporated in the complex material and recover the plastic material with a purity of 99.99%.
    Field of application of the invention.
    This invention is applicable in the recovery of plastic materials from cuttings or scrap of complex materials.
    State of the art
    In the patent of invention ES 2 277 574 of the same applicant a procedure is described for the use of waste of composite plastic materials whose purpose is the recovery of scraps resulting from the processes of cutting and handling of composite plastic materials, consisting essentially of layers of a synthetic plastic such as polyester and another synthetic plastic such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for use in the manufacture of various parts.
    The process described in said process comprises: a first phase of crushing the composite material, reducing it to fragments of a size of approximately 8 to 12 millimeters; a second phase of crushing in which it is reduced
    to fragments of 1 to 5 millimeters; the passage of the crushed portions by a rotating drum for the conversion of polyester into balls of a size larger than that of the plastic fragments; a first and a second sieve for the separation of the polyester eraser and the conduction of the plastic with a smaller proportion of eraser towards a hopper; the homogenization of the product in a silo whose inlet is fed by the hopper mentioned above and that provides an outlet of a uniform mixture of plastic and eraser and an outlet of thread remains for shipment to a general container and finally a third sieve for treatment of the outgoing mixture of the homogenizing silo in order to obtain the final plastic component and the separation of the residual traces of erasure.
    This procedure, although it manages to eliminate an important part of the polyester wipe contained in the complex material, has the disadvantage that the recovered plastic material still contains an amount of polyester that prevents the use of recycled plastic as raw material for certain applications, for example the manufacture of impermeable sheets since the dust-like residues contained in the plastic material cause pores in the impermeable sheet.
    Other known antecedents and that are less related to the object of the present invention are the methods of separating the plastic material, separating the fibers by chemical process. These chemical treatments cause a degradation of the plastic material which limits its subsequent use in certain applications such as the manufacture of waterproof plastic sheets. It should be borne in mind that in addition that these chemical processes become more expensive due to the need to treat the residues of the chemical products used to avoid environmental problems.
    Therefore, the technical problem that arises is the development of a method of recovering plastic, from complex materials, which allows to obtain plastic of a very high purity so that the recovered plastic can be used as a raw material for manufacture of diverse products, among other waterproof plastic sheets.
    Description of the invention
    In accordance with the invention, the plastic recovery method object of the invention has constructive particularities aimed at achieving the proposed objectives, specifically the recovery of plastic with a purity of 99.99%, which allows its use as a raw material for the manufacture of different plastic products.
    According to the invention this method comprises the following steps:
    a) a first crushing of the complex product in portions of 8 to 12 millimeters in a suction mill; b) a first grouping in balls of the polyester wipe contained in the product obtained from the first crushing, in a suction drum, c) a first separation, of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester, in a first sieve with suction; d) a second crushing of the remaining mixture in portions of 4 to 6 millimeters, in a suction mill; e) the accumulation and dosing of the product from the second crushing, by means of a suction hopper dosing; f) a second grouping into balls, in a suction drum, of the polyester wipe contained in the product obtained from the second crushing; g) a second separation of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester, in a second sieve with aspiration; h) a third crushing of the remaining mixture in portions equal to or less than 2 millimeters in a suction mill;
    i) a third grouping of the polyester ball contained in the ballproduct obtained from the second crushing, in a drum with aspiration;j) an aspiration separation of the suspended powder contained in the
    product obtained from the second crushing, in a hopper; k) a third separation, of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester, in a third sieve with suction;
    1) the removal of the polyester eraser contained in the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester from the third separation, by successive agitation of said remaining mixture and respective extractions of the eraser
    polyester by sieving, aspiration, blowing and / or impulsion, until plastic is obtained with a purity of 99.99%.
    Preferably, the product crushing indicated in steps a), d) and h) are carried out in respective mills with suction, which allows to extract the dust particles or the polyester eraser in suspension towards external accumulation tanks.
    The ball grouping of the polyester wipe released after each crushing is preferably carried out in respective suction pumps which, as in the previous case, conduct the dust and the suspended wipe particles towards external accumulation tanks.
    The separation of the polyester balls formed in the product after each crushing is separated from the remaining product mixture in respective suction sieves, in charge of extracting the polyester dust or the suspension in suspension towards the outer tanks mentioned above.
    As indicated in step e) once the second crushing of the mixture has been carried out, the resulting product is accumulated and dosed by means of a suction hopper, which allows the product to be dosed at a variable speed towards the third crushing, guaranteeing the obtaining of portions of equal size
    or less than 2 millimeters.
    The separation by aspiration of the suspended powder contained in the product obtained from the second crushing and mentioned in step j) is preferably carried out in a suction hopper so that when the product is thrown inside it falls into the lower area and withdraws the dust in suspension by the aspiration applied in said hopper.
    These and other features of the invention, set out in the claims will be more readily understood in view of an exemplary embodiment shown in the attached figures. Description of the figures.
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    - Figure 1 shows a diagram of the method of recovering plastic from complex materials according to the invention in which the elements used in each of said phases have been schematically represented. Preferred embodiment of the invention.
    First, a first crushing of the complex product is carried out in portions of 8 to 12 millimeters, using in this case a mill (M1) with suction.
    Next, a first grouping of the polyester ball contained in the product obtained from the first crushing is carried out, said grouping being carried out in a suction drum (B1), then a first separation of the polyester balls formed in the drum (B1) by means of a first sieve (T1) with aspiration passing the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester to a mill (M2) with aspiration in which a second crushing of the remaining mixture is carried out in portions of a size between 4 to 6 mm
    The product from the second crushing in the mill (M2) is accumulated in a dosing hopper (T01) with aspiration, then a second grouping in balls of the polyester boring contained in the obtained product is carried out in the drum (B2) with aspiration of said second crushing.
    These polyester balls are separated from the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester in a second sieve (T2) with suction.
    Subsequently the remaining mixture is subjected to a third crushing in a mill (M3) with aspiration to obtain portions of a size equal to or less than 2
    millimeters
    Next, a third ball grouping of the polyester strip contained in the product obtained from the third crushing is performed, said ball grouping being performed in a drum (83) with suction.
    The product obtained from the third crushing is subjected to a separation by aspiration of the suspended powder contained therein, this separation being carried out in a hopper (T02).
    Subsequently, a third separation of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture of polyester plastic from said third crushing is carried out in a third sieve (T3) with aspiration.
    As can be seen in the attached graphic, the use of mills, bass drum, hoppers and sieves with aspiration allows the extraction of suspended boron particles in each of the phases towards external deposits (O) of accumulation of boron.
    The remaining mixture of plastic with polyester obtained from the third sieve (T3) is subsequently subjected to successive agitations and respective extractions of the polyester wipe by sieving, aspiration, blowing and / or impulsion, until obtaining plastic with a purity of 99, 99% .
    Specifically, in the example shown in Figure 1, said stirring and removal of the eraser include the following steps:
    - stirring the mixture said product in a cyclone with turbulence (CT1)
    - its recirculation by a first storage silo (S1) with suction and with an endless agitator of the product; and by sieves (T4, T5) that separate the eraser balls formed in the agitator auger, from said storage silo (S1), from the remaining mixture of plastic and erasure;
    - subsequently its recirculation by a second storage silo (S2) with suction and with an endless agitator of the product; and by sieves (T6, T7) that separate the eraser balls formed in the agitator auger of said second storage silo (S2) from the remaining mixture of plastic and erasure:
    - then the pouring of the remaining mixture of the product, in the form of a curtain, into an air box (AC) that draws the eraser into an outer tank, and
    - finally the elimination of the possible remains of erasure through the passage of
    10 product for a cyclone with turbulence (CT2) that supplies the recovered plastic with a purity of 99.99%.
    Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials,
    The shape, size and arrangement of the elements described may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration of the essential features of the invention that are claimed below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. Plastic recovery method from complex materials;comprising at least the following phases:a) a first crushing of the complex product in portions of 8 to 12 millimetersin a mill (M1) with suction;b) a first grouping in balls of the polyester eraser contained in theproduct obtained from the first crushing, in a drum (81) with suction,c) a first separation of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture ofplastic with polyester, in a first sieve (T1) with suction;d) a second crushing of the remaining mixture in portions of 4 to 6 millimeters,in a mill (M2) with suction;e) the accumulation and dosage of the product from the secondcrushing, by means of a dosing hopper (T01) with suction;f) a second grouping in balls, in a drum (82) with suction, of the terminalof polyester contained in the product obtained from the second crushing;g) a second separation of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture ofplastic with polyester, in a second sieve (T2) with suction;h) a third crushing of the remaining mixture into equal sized portionsless than 2 millimeters, in a mill (M3) with suction;i) a third grouping of the polyester ball contained in the ballproduct obtained from the third crushing, in a drum (83) with aspiration;j) an aspiration separation of the suspended powder contained in theproduct obtained from the third crushing, in a hopper (T02);k) a third separation of the polyester balls and the remaining mixture ofplastic with polyester, in a third sieve (T3) with suction;1) removal of the polyester wipe contained in the remaining plastic mixturewith polyester from the third separation, by successive agitationsof said remaining mixture and respective extractions of the polyester wipe bysieving, aspiration, blowing and / or discharge, until plastic is obtained with a purity99.99%
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in steps a) -j) it performs an extraction by aspiration of the boron dust in suspension towards deposits (D) of accumulation of boron.
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the extraction 1) of the polyester wipe contained in the remaining mixture of plastic with polyester from the third separation comprises the following steps: - stirring the mixture said product in a cyclone with turbulence (CT1); -your recirculation by a first storage silo (S1) with suction and with a
    10 product agitator stirrer; and by sieves (T4, T5) that separate the eraser balls formed in the stirrer auger from the remaining mixture of plastic and eraser; -sir recirculation by a second storage silo (S2) with suction and with an endless agitator of the product; and by sieves (T6, T7) that separate the eraser balls formed in the stirrer auger from the remaining mixture of plastic and eraser:
    15 -the pouring of the remaining mixture of the product, in the form of a curtain, into an air box (CA) that removes the erasure, and -the elimination of possible erasure remains by passing the product through a cyclone with turbulence ( CT2) that supplies the recovered plastic with a purity of 99.99%.
    ,
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3199318B1|2018-08-22|
    EP3199318B8|2019-02-20|
    ES2627483B1|2018-05-08|
    HRP20181924T1|2019-01-11|
    SI3199318T1|2019-01-31|
    EP3199318A1|2017-08-02|
    ES2695731T3|2019-01-10|
    PL3199318T3|2019-03-29|
    PT3199318T|2018-11-29|
    RS58081B1|2019-02-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4483488A|1981-06-30|1984-11-20|Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.|Method and apparatus for recovering thermoplastic from coated fabric scrap|
    EP1058609A1|1998-01-22|2000-12-13|Galloo Plastics |Method and installation for separating all categories of polymer materials|
    ES2315565T3|2002-11-26|2009-04-01|Tarkett Sas|VALUATION PROCEDURE FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS.|
    ES2277574A1|2006-11-07|2007-07-01|Francisco Riera Berenguer|Process for the use of residue of plastic materials|
    US20110288188A1|2008-11-06|2011-11-24|Ian Walters|Processing of waste material|
    DE102005013693A1|2005-03-21|2006-09-28|Cvp Clean Value Plastics Gmbh|Process and plant for producing a pulp from agglomerated mixed plastic|
    法律状态:
    2018-05-08| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2627483 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180508 |
    2018-12-11| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20181204 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600083A|ES2627483B1|2016-01-28|2016-01-28|Plastic recovery method from complex materials|ES201600083A| ES2627483B1|2016-01-28|2016-01-28|Plastic recovery method from complex materials|
    PT16384001T| PT3199318T|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
    EP16384001.0A| EP3199318B8|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
    SI201630118T| SI3199318T1|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
    PL16384001T| PL3199318T3|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
    RS20181384A| RS58081B1|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
    ES16384001T| ES2695731T3|2016-01-28|2016-06-10|Method for the recovery of plastic from complex materials|
    HRP20181924TT| HRP20181924T1|2016-01-28|2018-11-19|Method for recovering plastic from complex materials|
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