• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation. Bicycle (1) with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, where said hydraulic transmission comprises a hydraulic pump (2) and a hydraulic motor (3), both connected to each other, in which the hydraulic pump (2) is a pump (2) of pallets arranged on the bottom bracket of the bicycle (1) and driven by the pedals, the hydraulic motor (3) is a motor (3) of vanes arranged on the axis of the driving wheel of the bicycle (1) and connected to it, where pump (2) and motor (3) are interconnected forming a closed circuit of fluid under pressure and, where the automatic regulation of the hydraulic transmission ratio between both comprises both for the pump (2) and for the motor (3), means for automatically modifying the volume of fluid (f) transmitted between them as a function of the pressure existing in the circuit. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2623359A1
    申请号:ES201730272
    申请日:2017-03-01
    公开日:2017-07-11
    发明作者:Gregorio ROMERO REY；Josu MADARIAGA ABADIA
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation Technical field of the invention
    The present invention corresponds to the technical field of bicycles, in particular to bicycles with a hydraulic transmission, which has a hydraulic pump and motor connected to each other.
    Background of the Invention
    At present, the transmission systems used in human traction vehicles such as bicycles are used to transmit energy to the driving wheels, and most include some type of mechanism to convert speed and torque through transmission ratios. variables
    The first bicycle transmission model was a chain transmission developed for this purpose in 1885, and since then the basic design and configuration of the bicycle has changed little. There are different solutions such as belt transmission, based on the use of a flexible tape made of Kevlar fiber, which gives it high performance in durability and tension, being comfortable, easy to clean, free of grease and, comfortable, being almost a standard in modern static or exercise bicycles. In the late nineteenth century, bicycles appear that use an axle instead of a chain to transmit power from the pedals to the wheel, although they have mostly been supplanted by bicycles driven by chains due to the possible ranges of speed changes With pinions and derailleurs, although more recently and due to the advances in the technology of internal changes, a small number of modern bicycles driven with transmission axle have been introduced.
    In most of the technological solutions used in bicycles, the transmission of power is due to the movement of the legs on pedals screwed to connecting rods attached to plates or gears, which drive a system afrn to the wheel by means of one or more rigid elements. drive (rear wheel), which confers limitations on both space and transmission ratio.
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    As an example of the state of the art, reference documents WO9212042A1, DE102012021554A1, GB2102747A, DE3141676A1, CN2139097Y,
    KR20050025013A and CN2139097Y.
    The reference document WO9212042A1 refers to a bicycle with a hydrostatic transmission in which the use of axial piston pump in the bicycle bottom bracket is combined with a vane motor in the rear wheel, with the particularity that the axle of the The engine is still and it is the body of the engine that rotates in solidarity with the wheel. The regulation of the transmission is carried out by means of a manual system with which the inclination of the piston pump plate is changed, which makes it possible to accept a greater or lesser volume of fluid at each turn.
    The reference document DE102012021554A1 refers to a hydraulic drive for the bicycle formed by a system composed of an axial and crankshaft piston pump in the bottom bracket, more complex than in the previous document, where the regulation of the transmission is also taken from manually from the outside of the pump in order to change the inclination of the piston pump plate.
    Reference document GB2102747A, defines a hydraulic transmission for bicycles that has an axial piston pump and motor, an accumulator and a regulation system controlled by the system pressure, for example, due to the force of the pedaling, which modifies the angle of inclination of the plates of both the pump and the motor, the system can be regulated by an external screw. In addition, there is a second pump located on the front wheel in order to give auxiliary pressure to the accumulator by which the control is performed.
    Reference document DE3141676A1 describes a hydraulic transmission system that can be used both in bicycles and in other types of vehicles and in other areas. The pump located in the bottom bracket corresponds to a vane pump, although in the description of the invention it refers to a laminar pump, while the motor disposed in the rear wheel corresponds to an offset internal and external gearmotor. The most important advantage of the invention over other known hydraulic transmissions is that, as indicated in the description of the invention, it provides a good torque contribution even at high engine rotation speeds, which can be caused by almost twice the rotations that in the drive pump with the same volume of transmitted fluid and dimensions. However, as in the patent
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    above, no control or regulation is observed to vary the transmission ratio.
    Similarly, reference document CN2139097Y shows the same design consisting of a hydraulic vane pump on the bottom bracket, provided with an eccentric rotor, an accumulator in the middle of the fluid path based to absorb excess overpressure, a vane motor on the rear wheel, and a regulation device by means of which the motor can be operated with a double chamber or single chamber, thus driving a volume of fluid or another at each turn. Both, motor and pump, are respectively provided with an expansion sealing sheet to ensure volume efficiency at a low rate.
    The reference document KR20050025013A defines a hydraulic power transmission device for a bicycle, in which a gear pump and hydraulic motor coexist, several motors being arranged in the rear wheel in order to have different transmission ratios by means of a second engine, to select one or the other.
    In the reference document CN1319528A a hydraulic gear bicycle with a bidirectional pump is defined whose purpose is to move a hydraulic motor in the area of the rear wheels and is composed of two pedals attached to a hydraulic pump, which move alternately, without possibility of describing a complete circle and in the opposite direction, allowing the impulse of the fluid in one direction or another of the path as the pedals move in one order or another. Again there is no type of control or regulation to vary the ratio of the transmission.
    From the prior analysis of these documents of the state of the art associated with a power transmission system for relatively low power systems, such as bicycles, a number of limitations can be highlighted.
    On the one hand, there are systems that use engines and piston pumps, although they are less flexible systems because they only allow the change in displacement, but they do not vary the area that transmits the force generated by the pressure, in addition to being systems which in general are more complex and therefore more expensive.
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    On the other hand, there are systems that use motors and vane pumps, which although they are more flexible have the disadvantage that, in those systems that use cavities with different displacements, the selection of the displacements is done manually according to the needs , being a system with transmission ratios limited by the number of cavities.
    Finally, other systems resulting from the combination of variable vane pumps and gear motors are observed, which reduce the latter in the transmission ratios.
    After the analysis performed, although the system that offers the most flexibility seems to be that of the vanes, the current regulation systems are designed for pumps / motors with a large number of vanes and very high speed ranges compared to the turning range of the wheels or the bottom bracket of a bicycle.
    The current industrial systems of self-regulating vane pumps / motors work at much faster speeds than those at which a bicycle has to work, so that the pressure strength difference is stabilized somewhat. Therefore, current adjustable vane pump / motor systems do not adapt to the speed of rotation of a bicycle.
    Description of the invention
    The bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, which is presented here has a hydraulic transmission comprising a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, both connected together.
    In this bicycle with hydraulic transmission, the hydraulic pump is formed by a vane pump disposed on the bicycle's bottom bracket and driven by its pedals, while the hydraulic motor is formed by a vane motor arranged on the axle of the driving wheel of the bicycle and connected to it.
    Both pump and motor are interconnected forming a closed circuit of fluid under pressure, such that the fluid outlet of the pump is connected to the fluid inlet in the engine and vice versa.
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    Likewise, the automatic regulation of the hydraulic transmission ratio between the pump and the engine includes both for the pump and the engine, means of automatic modification of the volume of fluid transmitted between them depending on the pressure in the circuit.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the means of automatic modification of the volume of fluid are formed, both in the engine and in the pump, by a mobile body disposed inside the rotor chamber where the vanes, which are adjusted in radial grooves of the rotor, they are located in said mobile body and modify the surface thereof exposed to the fluid depending on the position of the mobile body and, by means of displacement of said mobile body connected to a piston moved by the pressure existing in the circuit .
    In this case and, according to a preferred embodiment, the means of movement of the mobile body are formed by elements inclined together in the form of tacos, and located facing each other, being in contact with each other by means of a guide for which they have sliding capacity. The guide, on the side of the inclined elements, is attached to a prestressed spring and, on the other side, is attached to the piston.
    Likewise, according to a preferred embodiment, it comprises an expansion vessel, for controlling the volume variations of the fluid, arranged in the circuit path between the motor and the pump.
    According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the bicycle comprises means for varying the minimum operating pressure of the circuit.
    In this case and according to a preferred embodiment, the means of varying the minimum operating pressure of the circuit are formed by a manual regulator both in the pump and in the motor, connected to the prestressed spring of each of them.
    With the bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
    This is so because you get a bike with a hydraulic transmission system and automatic gearshift that allows greater ease of use, simplicity and less
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    need for maintenance, as well as lightness and robustness, together with greater simplicity of fabrication and cost reduction.
    With this bicycle, the transmission of the power generated by the legs of the bicycle user to the rear wheel of the bicycle is achieved by actuating a pump by means of pedaling, thereby generating a hydraulic flow and with this, the rotation of an engine located on the wheel axle.
    Being both the pump and the vane motor and based on its necessary rotation and torque regulation on the hydraulic pressure of the line, a design is obtained in which the regulation of the transmission is achieved without the user having to operate any device.
    Thanks to the hydraulic transmission a smoother change is achieved than in traditional bicycles, greater cleaning and silent operation, which has fewer moving parts.
    A bicycle with a hydraulic transmission is obtained that obtains a better use of the pressure exerted by the pump by means of automatic regulation of the same and of the engine, from the geometry of the mechanism to move. Likewise, a better optimization of the space required for its installation on the bicycle and the elimination of the chain, gears and manual transmission change regulation systems is achieved.
    It is therefore a bicycle with lighter hydraulic transmission, simple to use, economical and effective.
    Brief description of the drawings
    In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, an integral part of said description is provided, a series of drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, represented the following:
    Figure 1.- Shows an elevation view of a bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
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    Figure 2.- Shows a view of detail A of Figure 1, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 3.- Shows a plan view of a bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4.- Shows an elevation view of the hydraulic transmission engine with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 5.- Shows a sectional view of the hydraulic transmission engine with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 6.- Shows an elevation view of the hydraulic transmission pump with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 7.- Shows a sectional view of the hydraulic transmission pump with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the hydraulic transmission engine with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 9.- Shows an exploded view of the hydraulic transmission engine with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 10.- Shows a perspective view of the hydraulic transmission pump with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 11.- Shows an exploded view of the hydraulic transmission pump with automatic regulation, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 12.- Shows a diagram of the pump-motor circuit with a long transmission ratio, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 13.- Shows a diagram of the pump-motor circuit with a short transmission ratio, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
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    Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    In view of the figures provided, it can be observed that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bicycle (1) with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, which is proposed herein, presents a hydraulic transmission with a hydraulic pump (2) and a hydraulic motor (3), both connected to each other.
    As shown in Figures 1, 2, 6, 7, 10 and 11, the hydraulic pump (2) is formed by a vane pump (2) located on the bicycle's bottom bracket (1) and operated by the pedals of the same. On the other hand, the hydraulic motor (3) of this hydraulic transmission system, as can be seen in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 8 and 9, is formed by a vane motor (3) arranged on the axis of the driving wheel of the bicycle (1) and connected to said axle.
    As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the pump (2) and the motor (3) are interconnected forming a closed circuit of fluid under pressure, such that the fluid outlet of the pump (2) is connected to the fluid inlet in the engine (3) and vice versa. The connection between the inputs and outputs of the motor (3) and the pump (2) with each other is made by means of hoses (4) which, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, are formed by polyethylene.
    The automatic regulation of the hydraulic transmission ratio between the pump (2) and the engine (3) comprises, both for the pump (2) and for the engine (3), means for automatic modification of the volume of fluid transmitted between them , depending on the pressure in the circuit.
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figures 4 to 11, the means for automatically modifying the volume of fluid are formed in both the engine (3) and the pump (2) by a mobile body ( 5) disposed inside the rotor chamber (6), where the vanes (7) that fit in radial grooves (8) of the rotor (9) are located in said mobile body (5) and modify the surface of they are exposed to the fluid as a function of the position of the mobile body (5), and by means of displacement of said mobile body (5) connected to a piston (10) moved by the pressure existing in the circuit.
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    Said means of displacement of the mobile body (5) are formed by elements inclined (11) with each other in the form of dowels, and located facing each other, being in contact with each other by means of a guide (12) by the They have sliding ability. The gwa (12), on the side of the inclined elements (11), is attached to a prestressed spring (13) which, on the side of the inclined elements (11), is attached to a prestressed spring (13) and, on the other hand, it is attached to the piston (10). The inclination of the inclined elements (11) makes them the ones that generate the movement of the mobile body (5) and not vice versa.
    The piston (10) is sized so that it only allows the movement of the inclined elements (11) when the force generated by the pressure of the circuit on the area of said piston (10) is greater than the sum of the frictional force of the inclined elements (11) and the spring force (13) prestressed.
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, this bicycle (1) with hydraulic transmission has an expansion vessel (14), for controlling the volume variations of the fluid in the circuit. This expansion vessel (14) is arranged in the circuit path between the motor (3) and the pump (2), being located in this case, in a position close to the motor (3).
    As can be seen in Figures 4 to 7, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the bicycle (1) comprises means for varying the minimum operating pressure of the circuit which in this case are formed by a regulator (15) manual on both the pump (2) and the motor (3), connected to the spring (13) prestressed of each of them.
    This is due to the fact that a minimum pressure is required for the correct operation of the transmission system and, with the means of variation it presents, it is possible to regulate said minimum pressure by the user, thanks to the manual rotation of the regulator (15), which modify the spring preload (13), thus limiting the minimum operating pressure.
    Thus, in this bicycle (1) with hydraulic transmission, the pedaling of the user of the same drives the hydraulic pump (2) and originates a flow in it, which is transmitted to the engine (3) located on the axle of the driving wheel, by means of the hose (4) connecting the pump outlet (2) with the input of said motor (3). The motor (3) for its part, has a rotor (9) with radial grooves (8) in which the vanes (7) located in
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    the mobile body (5), performing alternative or reciprocating movements with respect to the rotor (9) during its rotation.
    The pressure in the flow is that necessary to overcome the resistance with which the motor (3) is located so that the bicycle (1) can move forward, modifying the contact area between the vanes (7) and the fluid (F) by changing the position of the mobile body (5) as a result of the pressure in the circuit. Said displacement of the mobile body (5) is driven by the piston (10) moved by the pressure existing in the circuit, and said piston (10) in turn moves the inclined elements (11) joined together by the guide (12) and the spring (13) prestressed, being the purpose of the latter, as already indicated, to be able to recover the position of the movable body (5) of the motor (3) in case of reducing the existing pressure in the circuit.
    Thus, in a situation like the one shown in Figure 12, in which the bicycle (1) needs to overcome only a small resistance to its displacement, the circuit pressure is small, which causes the contact area of the vanes (7) with the fluid (F) in the case of the pump (2) is large while in the engine (3) the area of contact of the vanes (7) with the fluid (F) is small.
    On the other hand, in a situation like the one shown in Figure 13, in which the bicycle
    (I) it needs to overcome a great resistance for its displacement, the pressure in the circuit increases due to the greater effort on the part of the bicycle user (1). The increase in pressure displaces the piston (10), which in turn displaces the inclined elements
    (II), thus causing a displacement of the mobile body (5) of the pump (2). This displacement of the mobile body (5) causes the contact area of the vanes (7) with the fluid (F) to decrease, while in the case of the motor (3) the opposite effect occurs, that is, the contact area of the vanes (7) with the fluid (F) increases, making the regulation completely automatic.
    Thus, in a situation like the one shown in Figure 12, in which the bicycle (1) needs to overcome only a small resistance, the speed of rotation of the pump (2) to generate the necessary flow rate is less than the speed of motor rotation (3), while on the contrary, in a situation like the one shown in Figure 13, in which the bicycle (1) needs to overcome a great resistance to its displacement, the speed of rotation of the pump (2 ) to generate the necessary flow is greater than the speed of rotation of the motor (3). These changes generate a variation of the need for the volume of fluid existing in the
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    circuit, which is why the expansion vessel (14) is located in its path between the motor (3) and the pump (2) in order to absorb said variation.
    In the event that there is a sudden decrease in pressure, such as at the beginning of the descent of a slope, thanks to the piston (10) arranged in both the engine (3) and the pump (2), and as a consequence of the actuation of the corresponding regulation spring (13), the emptying of the cavity of said piston (10) of motor (3) and pump (2) is carried out automatically so that the chambers of both return to a position that allows to have an adequate transmission ratio.
    And all this is achieved with a compact configuration and optimizing space, as can be seen in Figure 3.
    The described embodiment is only an example of the present invention, therefore, the specific details, terms and phrases used herein are not to be considered as limiting, but are only to be understood as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art to apply the present invention.
    With the bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation presented here, significant improvements are achieved with respect to the state of the art.
    A bicycle is achieved with the advantage of allowing the elimination of the chain and all that entails on the one hand, while using hydraulic power, with which both storage and continuous variable transmission can be achieved, such as regulation of the system at low revolutions by means of the pressure of the hydraulic circuit and without manual operation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    1- Bicycle (1) with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, where said hydraulic transmission comprises a hydraulic pump (2) and a hydraulic motor (3), both connected to each other characterized by the fact that the hydraulic pump (2) is formed by a vane pump (2) disposed on the bicycle's bottom bracket (1) and driven by its pedals, the hydraulic motor (3) is formed by a vane motor (3) arranged on the axle of the driving wheel of the bicycle (1) and connected to it, where said pump (2) and motor (3) are interconnected forming a closed circuit of fluid under pressure, such that the fluid outlet (F) of the pump (2) is connected with the fluid inlet (F) in the engine (3) and vice versa and, where the automatic regulation of the hydraulic transmission ratio between the pump (2) and the engine (3) includes both the pump (2) and the engine (3), means of automatic modification of the volume of fluid (F) transmitted between it s depending on the pressure in the circuit.
    2- Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, according to the claim
    1, characterized in that the means for automatic modification of the volume of fluid (F) are formed both in the motor (3) and in the pump (2) by a mobile body (5) disposed inside the chamber (6) of the rotor (9), where the vanes (7) that fit in radial grooves (8) of the rotor (9) are located in said mobile body (5) and modify the surface thereof exposed to the fluid (F) in function of the position of the mobile body (5), and by means of displacement of said mobile body (5) connected to a piston (10) moved by the pressure existing in the circuit.
    3- Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, according to the claim
    2, characterized in that it comprises an expansion vessel (14), for controlling the volume variations of the fluid (F), arranged in the circuit path between the motor (3) and the pump (2).
    4- Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for varying the minimum operating pressure of the circuit.
    5- Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation, according to claim 4, characterized in that the means of variation of the minimum operating pressure of the circuit are formed by a manual regulator (15) both in the
    pump (2) as in the motor (3), connected to the prestressed spring (13) of each of them.
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    JP2020511619A|2020-04-16|Continuously variable transmission and transmission system
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2623359B2|2018-03-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4546990A|1983-09-06|1985-10-15|Harriger George A|Hydraulic drive system for bicycles and the like|
    DE19612519A1|1996-03-29|1997-10-02|Helmut Goeb|Hydraulic transmission for bicycles|
    WO2009016270A1|2007-07-27|2009-02-05|Olivier Gouny|Hydraulic device, in particular hydraulic pump including a rotor with vanes for vehicle with pedals|
    法律状态:
    2018-03-12| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2623359 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20180312 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730272A|ES2623359B2|2017-03-01|2017-03-01|Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation|ES201730272A| ES2623359B2|2017-03-01|2017-03-01|Bicycle with hydraulic transmission with automatic regulation|
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