• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The method comprises contacting a sample of concrete or portland cement mortar with a solution, formed by harmless organic compounds, which acts as an indicator of the degree of carbonation of the sample since it yields different colors in the carbonated zone and in which presents alkaline reserve without carbonation. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2579063A1
    申请号:ES201530137
    申请日:2015-02-04
    公开日:2016-08-04
    发明作者:Jose Servando CHINCHÓN PAYÁ；Elena CHINCHÓN PAYÁ；Jose Servando CHINCHÓN YEPES；María Carmen ANDRADE PERDRIX
    申请人:Jose Servando CHINCHÓN PAYÁ；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION


    Use of an innocuous indicator, based on organic natural pigments, in processes of carbonation of concrete 5

    Field of the Invention
    The invention can be included in the construction and building materials sector. The invention relates to the use of a solution of chemical compounds harmless to health since they are used in the human food industry. The solution, poured onto concrete or mortar, acts as an indicator separating carbonated areas with a pH lower than 9 from alkaline ones with a pH greater than 9.

    Background of the invention.
    It is known as carbonation of a concrete (or mortar) to the reaction that occurs between atmospheric CO2 and portlandite, calcium hydroxide, present in the pores of all mortars or concretes made with portland-based cements. Due to this reaction, a pH decrease occurs from values close to 14 to values below 9. The pH threshold = 9 is very important because it marks the conditions from which the reinforcements embedded in reinforced concrete can begin to corrode . twenty
    To check if there is carbonation in the concrete or the depth it reaches, a solution of phenolphthalein is used ( Alekseev and Rozental 1976, Villain, Thiery et al. 2007, EHE-08 2008, Morandeau, Thiéry et al. 2014). This solution is usually 1% phenolphthalein in ethanol.
    Phenolphthalein is an organic compound of formula C20H14O4 widely used as a pH indicator. A pH indicator is a substance that will change color depending on the pH of the solution in which it is found. In the case of phenolphthalein, it is colorless at approximately lower pH values of 9 while at values greater than 10.5 it has a very characteristic purple or magenta color.
    Since a mortar or concrete that has not been carbonated has a pH of 12.5 or higher 30 while if the pH value is carbonated it drops to values of <9, the use of phenolphthalein is visually very appropriate to check this process.
    The use of this solution is widespread, however in the product safety descriptions there are certain singularities that require its use and even its replacement with less dangerous compounds is considered. In fact, according to the classification according to Regulation 35 (EC) No. 1272/2008 it is suspected that it causes genetic defects (H341) and may cause cancer (H350).

    The inventors of this study recently applied for National Patent No. 201431556 in which the results of the application of curcumin solutions are collected to check the degree of carbonation of the sample. As observed, the proposed solutions show an intense red color in the non-carbonated areas while the already carbonated 5 have a yellow color.
    The following report describes the results of applying a solution of anthocyanins extracted from natural organic compounds on a mortar or concrete sample to check the degree of carbonation of this.
    Anthocyanins are natural pigments found in numerous fruits, flowers and 10 leaves of plants such as blueberries, grapes, red cabbage, etc. They are molecules formed by the union of an anthocyanidin with a glycoside group. The type of anthocyanidin is what will characterize the color of the anthocyanin. Said color will depend on several factors such as temperature, oxygen and pH. Although they can present other colors, they are responsible for providing reds, blues, purples and violets. Although its interest is increasing given its antioxidant and therapeutic properties, its majority use is as a dye and flavor in the food industry in products such as sweets and beverages. As a food additive they have the code E-163 (next to subclass a, b, c, d, e, f, (i), (ii), (iii), depending on the anthocyanidin or if they are a mixture of anthocyanins).
     twenty
    Detailed description of the invention
    To use the solution and check if there is carbonation of a mortar or concrete, simply apply directly to the surface and let it air dry. The analyzed surface must not contain remains of plaster or paints.
    Laboratory tests carried out to verify the applicability of anthocyanins 25 as indicators of the carbonation of a cementitious material were made using a methodology similar to that of National Patent No. 201431556 to obtain curcumin from turmeric.
    Using water or a mixture of water and ethanol as a solvent and applying moderate temperature as the main conditions for the extraction of anthocyanins, 30 indicator solutions are obtained that are able to discern by different coloration the carbonated areas of the still alkaline in a mortar or concrete sample. For example, the tests carried out with the anthocyanins obtained from the red cabbage, the rose petals and the black grape, among other “blue pigments”, color the non-carbonated area green and the one that is blue; Another interesting example is the solution obtained from water-soluble anthocyanins obtained from blueberries that color only the non-carbonated zone in a brown color.
    Thus, the dissolution of any of the anthocyanins manages to differentiate the carbonated areas from those that are not in a sample of mortar or concrete. Having different color depending on the type and concentration of anthocyanidin is an advantage because solutions can be prepared that result in the greatest possible contrast in color. As an example, when using as a stain a mixed solution of the axtraid and previously described anthocyanins together with a curcumin solution, the coloration obtained in the two areas of interest is now of marked contrast, the zone being blue carbonated and the non-carbonated zone. carbonated red-brown.
    In addition to a wider color range, anthocyanins have other advantages over curcumin dissolution: greater water solubility so solutions can be prepared more easily and economically; a lower concentration in solution is necessary to be able to appreciate different coloration in the two areas of interest; the solution of anthocyanins 10 is "cleaner" than that of curcumin in the sense that the latter can persistently dye if suitable media are not used (gloves for example); and its coloration is more stable against sunlight.
    Against the dissolution of phenolphthalein, any of the solutions described, either curcumin, anthocyanins or a mixture thereof, has the clear advantage that its use does not imply any risk to health because they are all compounds of natural origin and are Used as pigments in different foods.

    References
    Alekseev, S. N. and N. K. Rozental (1976). The rate of concrete carbonation. Carbonation of 20 Concrete. RILEM International Symposium, Cement and Concrete Association.

    Chinchón, et al. (2014). “Indicator of the front of advance of the carbonation of concrete substitute for phenolphthalein.” ES, National Patent No. 201431556, requested
     25

    EHE-08 (2008). "Structural Concrete Instruction".

    Morandeau, A., et al. (2014). "Investigation of the carbonation mechanism of CH and C-S-H in terms of kinetics, microstructure changes and moisture properties." Cement and Concrete 30 Research 56: 153-170.

    Villain, G., et al. (2007). "Measurement methods of carbonation profiles in concrete: Thermogravimetry, chemical analysis and gammadensimetry." Cement and Concrete Research 37 (8): 1182-1192. 35


    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]

    1. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, characterized in that it comprises a solution of filtered anthocyanins to avoid the existence of solid remains in suspension and stored in suitable containers. 5
    [2]
    2. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent of the solution is formed by ethanol.
    [3]
    3. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent of the solution is formed by distilled water. 10
    [4]
    4. Organic indicator of carbonation processes of concrete, according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent of the solution is formed by a mixture of distilled water and ethanol.
    [5]
    5. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 a.
    [6]
    6. Organic indicator of carbonation processes of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 b.
    [7]
    7. Organic indicator of carbonation processes of concrete, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 c.
    [8]
    8. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 d. 25
    [9]
    9. Organic indicator of carbonation processes of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 e.
    [10]
    10. Organic indicator of carbonation processes of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of 30 code E-163 f.
    [11]
    11. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 (i).
    [12]
    12. Organic indicator of concrete carbonation processes, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of code E-163 (ii).
    [13]
    13. Organic indicator of processes of carbonation of concrete, according to any of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main anthocyanin is that of 5 code E-163 (iii).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2579063B1|2017-05-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2759947A1|2018-11-12|2020-05-12|Chinchon Paya Jose Servando|Use of Aspalathus linearis as a pH indicator in cement-based materials |
    法律状态:
    2017-05-10| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2579063 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20170510 |
    2017-10-26| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20171020 |
    2021-09-15| FD2A| Announcement of lapse in spain|Effective date: 20210915 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201530137A|ES2579063B1|2015-02-04|2015-02-04|Use of an innocuous indicator, based on natural organic pigments, in processes of carbonation of concrete|ES201530137A| ES2579063B1|2015-02-04|2015-02-04|Use of an innocuous indicator, based on natural organic pigments, in processes of carbonation of concrete|
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