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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a lubricant composition, and more particularly to a lubricant composition, which includes an ethylene-alphaolefin oligomer and an alkylated phosphonium compound, thus realizing energy reduction and an increased endurance life, and which is thus suitable for use in gear oil. The lubricant composition of the present invention includes a base oil, a liquid olefin copolymer, and an alkylated phosphonium compound.
    公开号:EP3702437A1
    申请号:EP19207902.8
    申请日:2019-11-08
    公开日:2020-09-02
    发明作者:Hyeung Jin Lee；Kyong Ju Na
    申请人:Daelim Industrial Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:C10M169-00
    专利说明:
    [0001] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition, and more particularly to a lubricant composition, which includes an ethylene-alphaolefin oligomer and an alkylated phosphonium compound, thus realizing energy reduction and an increased endurance life, and which is thus suitable for use in gear oil. 2. Description of the Related Art
    [0002] Recently, as environmental problems such as global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, etc. have come to the fore, environmental regulations have become strict. Hence, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is receiving a great deal of attention. In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, it is urgent to decrease energy consumption in vehicles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery and the like, that is, to increase fuel economy, and thus there is a strong demand for measures capable of contributing to energy reduction in an engine, a transmission, a final reducer, a compressor, a hydraulic device and the like. Accordingly, lubricants used in such devices are required to have the ability to decrease stirring resistance or friction resistance compared to conventional cases.
    [0003] A lubricant is an oily material used to reduce the generation of frictional force on the friction surface of a machine or to dissipate frictional heat generated from the friction surface. The lubricant is manufactured by adding additives to base oil, and is largely classified into a mineral-oil-based lubricant (petroleum-based lubricant) and a synthetic lubricant depending on the type of base oil, the synthetic lubricant being classified into a polyalphaolefin-based lubricant and an ester-based lubricant.
    [0004] As means for improving fuel economy in gears of transmissions and reducers, decreasing the viscosity of a lubricant is generally used. For example, among transmissions, an automatic transmission or a continuously variable transmission for vehicles has a torque converter, a wet clutch, a gear bearing mechanism, an oil pump, a hydraulic control mechanism, etc., and a manual transmission or a reducer has a gear bearing mechanism, and thus when the viscosity of lubricant used therefor is further decreased, stirring resistance and friction resistance of the torque converter, the wet clutch, the gear bearing mechanism, and the oil pump are decreased, thereby increasing power transmission efficiency, ultimately making it possible to improve the fuel economy of vehicles.
    [0005] However, when the viscosity of conventional lubricants is lowered, fitting performance is greatly decreased due to the deterioration of friction performance, and sticking or the like occurs, thus causing defects in the transmission or the like. Particularly, in the case of low viscosity, a viscosity modifier is sheared during the use thereof, and thus the viscosity is lowered, so that the wear resistance of the gear is damaged and fitting performance is easily deteriorated. Furthermore, even when a sulfur/phosphorus extreme pressure agent is added to increase the extreme pressure performance of low-viscosity oil, fitting performance and endurance life are remarkably decreased, making it difficult to realize long-term use thereof.
    [0006] Therefore, the present inventors have developed a lubricant composition for gear oil, which is capable of reducing the mechanical wear of gear parts and energy consumption and also of exhibiting superior thermal stability and oxidation stability, and may thus be industrially used for a long period of time. [Citation List][Patent Literature]
    [0007] (Patent Document 0001) Korean Patent No. 10-1420890 (Patent Document 0002) Korean Patent No. 10-1347964SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0008] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the problems encountered in the related art, and an objective of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition, in which a functional additive for friction reduction and an ethylene-alphaolefin liquid random copolymer are mixed, thereby exhibiting superior friction characteristics, thermal stability and oxidation stability.
    [0009] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition for gear oil, which is able to reduce the mechanical wear of gear parts and energy consumption when applied to gears of transmissions and reducers, and may be used for a long period of time due to low changes in the physical properties of gear oil.
    [0010] In order to accomplish the above objectives, the present invention provides a lubricant composition, comprising a base oil, a liquid olefin copolymer, and an alkylated phosphonium compound.
    [0011] The base oil may be at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester.
    [0012] The liquid olefin copolymer may be prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and alphaolefin in the presence of a single-site catalyst system, and the single-site catalyst system preferably includes a metallocene catalyst, an organometallic compound and an ionic compound.
    [0013] The liquid olefin copolymer may have a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.0 to 4.0.
    [0014] In the lubricant composition of the present invention, the liquid olefin copolymer may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 30 wt%, and preferably 0.5 to 25 wt%. The alkylated phosphonium compound may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 wt%, and preferably 0.3 to 4.0 wt%.
    [0015] The lubricant composition may have an SRV friction coefficient of 0.2 to 0.3 and a traction coefficient of 0.15 to 0.3. Moreover, the lubricant composition may have a pinion torque loss rate due to friction of less than 1% in an FZG gear efficiency test.
    [0016] According to the present invention, a lubricant composition includes an alkylated phosphonium compound as a friction-reducing agent, in addition to an existing sulfur/phosphorus extreme pressure agent, thereby maximizing friction performance to thus reduce the mechanical wear of gear parts and energy consumption when applied to gears of transmissions and reducers, ultimately maximizing energy-saving effects.
    [0017] Also, according to the present invention, the lubricant composition includes, as a viscosity modifier, an olefin copolymer prepared in the presence of a metallocene compound catalyst, and can thus exhibit a high viscosity index and superior low-temperature stability.
    [0018] Therefore, the present invention can provide a lubricant composition for gear oil, which enables long-term use due to low changes in the physical properties of gear oil. DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
    [0019] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of the present invention.
    [0020] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition, which has superior oxidation stability and friction characteristics and is thus suitable for use in gear oil. Hence, the lubricant composition of the present invention includes a base oil, a liquid olefin copolymer, and an alkylated phosphonium compound.
    [0021] Here, the base oil varies from the aspects of viscosity, heat resistance, oxidation stability and the like depending on the manufacturing method or refining method, but is generally classified into mineral oil and synthetic oil. The API (American Petroleum Institute) classifies base oil into five types, namely Group I, II, III, IV and V. These types, based on API ranges, are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, April 2002, and are shown in Table 1 below. [Table 1] Saturated hydrocarbon (%) Sulfur (%) Viscosity index Group I < 90 > 0.03 80 ≤ VI < 120 Group II ≥ 90 ≤ 0.03 80 ≤ VI < 120 Group III ≥ 90 ≤ 0.03 VI ≥ 120 Group IV PAO (Poly Alpha Olefin) Group V Ester & Others
    [0022] In the lubricant composition of the present invention, the base oil may be at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester, and may be any type among Groups I to V based on the API ranges.
    [0023] More specifically, mineral oil belongs to Groups I to III based on the API ranges, and mineral oil may include oil resulting from subjecting a lubricant distillate fraction, obtained through atmospheric distillation and/or vacuum distillation of crude oil, to at least one refining process of solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrogenolysis, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid cleaning, and white clay treatment; wax isomerized mineral oil; or a gas-to-liquid (GLT) oil obtained via the Fischer-Tropsch process.
    [0024] The synthetic oil belongs to Group IV or V based on the API ranges, and polyalphaolefin belonging to Group IV may be obtained through oligomerization of a higher alphaolefin using an acid catalyst, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,780,128 , U.S. Patent No. 4,032,591 , Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Hei. 1-163136 , and the like, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
    [0025] Examples of the synthetic oil belonging to Group V include alkyl benzenes, alkyl naphthalenes, isobutene oligomers or hydrides thereof, paraffins, polyoxy alkylene glycol, dialkyl diphenyl ether, polyphenyl ether, ester, and the like.
    [0026] Here, the alkyl benzenes and alkyl naphthalenes are usually dialkylbenzene or dialkylnaphthalene having an alkyl chain length of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and the alkyl benzenes or alkyl naphthalenes are prepared through Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene or naphthalene with olefin. The alkylated olefin used in the preparation of alkyl benzenes or alkyl naphthalenes may be linear or branched olefins or combinations thereof.
    [0027] Also, examples of the ester include, but are not limited to, ditridecyl glutarate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, tridecyl pelargonate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, trimethylolpropane triheptanoate, pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate, pentaerythritol pelargonate, pentaerythritol tetraheptanoate, and the like.
    [0028] In the lubricant composition of the present invention, the liquid olefin copolymer is prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and alphaolefin monomers in the presence of a single-site catalyst system in order to uniformly distribute alphaolefin units in the copolymer chain. Preferably, the liquid olefin copolymer is prepared by reacting ethylene and alphaolefin monomers in the presence of a single-site catalyst system including a crosslinked metallocene compound, an organometallic compound, and an ionic compound for forming an ion pair through reaction with the crosslinked metallocene compound.
    [0029] Here, the metallocene compound included in the single-site catalyst system may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 1 to 6 below.
    [0030] In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4,M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium,B is absent or is a linking group including a C1-C20 alkylene group, a C6-C20 arylene group, C1-C20 dialkyl silicon, C1-C20 dialkyl germanium, a C1-C20 alkylphosphine group or a C1-C20 alkylamine group,X1 and X2, which are the same as or different from each other, are each independently a halogen atom, a C1-C20 alkyl group, a C2-C20 alkenyl group, a C2-C20 alkynyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C40 alkylaryl group, a C7-C40 arylalkyl group, a C1-C20 alkylamido group, a C6-C20 arylamido group, a C1-C20 alkylidene group or a C1-C20 alkoxy group, andR1 to R10, which are the same as or different from each other, are each independently hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group, a C2-C20 alkenyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C20 alkylaryl group, a C7-C20 arylalkyl group, a C5-C60 cycloalkyl group, a C4-C20 heterocyclic group, a C1-C20 alkynyl group, a C6-C20-aryl-containing hetero group or a silyl group.
    [0031] In Chemical Formulas 5 and 6,M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium,B is absent or is a linking group including a C1-C20 alkylene group, a C6-C20 arylene group, a C1-C20 dialkyl silicon, a C1-C20 dialkyl germanium, a C1-C20 alkylphosphine group or a C1-C20 alkylamine group,X1 and X2, which are the same as or different from each other, are each independently a halogen atom, a C1-C20 alkyl group, a C2-C20 alkenyl group, a C2-C20 alkynyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C40 alkylaryl group, a C7-C40 arylalkyl group, a C1-C20 alkylamido group, a C6-C20 arylamido group, a C1-C20 alkylidene group or a C1-C20 alkoxy group, andR1 to R10, which are the same as or different from each other, are each independently hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group, a C2-C20 alkenyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C20 alkylaryl group, a C7-C20 arylalkyl group, a C5-C60 cycloalkyl group, a C4-C20 heterocyclic group, a C1-C20 alkynyl group, a C6-C20-aryl-containing hetero group or a silyl group.
    [0032] Furthermore, all of R11, R13 and R14 are hydrogen, and each of R12 radicals, which are the same as or different from each other, may independently be hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group, a C2-C20 alkenyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C20 alkylaryl group, a C7-C20 arylalkyl group, a C5-C60 cycloalkyl group, a C4-C20 heterocyclic group, a C1-C20 alkynyl group, a C6-C20-aryl-containing hetero group or a silyl group.
    [0033] Also, the metallocene compound of Chemical Formulas 2 to 6 may include a compound substituted through a hydroaddition reaction, and a preferred example thereof includes dimethylsilyl bis(tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride.
    [0034] The organometallic compound included in the single-site catalyst system may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an organoaluminum compound, an organomagnesium compound, an organozinc compound and an organolithium compound, and is preferably an organoaluminum compound. The organoaluminum compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of, for example, trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tripropylaluminum, tributylaluminum, dimethylchloroaluminum, dimethylisobutylaluminum, dimethylethylaluminum, diethylchloroaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tricyclopentylaluminum, tripentylaluminum, triisopentylaluminum, ethyldimethylaluminum, methyldiethylaluminum, triphenylaluminum, methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane, isobutylaluminoxane and butylaluminoxane, and is preferably triisobutylaluminum.
    [0035] The ionic compound included in the single-site catalyst system may be at least one selected from the group consisting of organoboron compounds such as dimethylanilinium tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)borate, triphenylcarbenium tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)borate, and the like.
    [0036] The component ratio of the single-site catalyst system may be determined in consideration of catalytic activity, and the molar ratio of metallocene catalyst : ionic compound : organometallic compound is preferably adjusted in the range of 1 : 1 : 5 to 1 : 10 : 1000 in order to ensure desired catalytic activity.
    [0037] Furthermore, the components of the single-site catalyst system may be added at the same time or in any sequence to an appropriate solvent and may thus function as an active catalyst system. Here, the solvent may include, but is not limited to, a hydrocarbon solvent such as pentane, hexane, heptane, etc., or an aromatic solvent such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., and any solvent usable in the preparation may be used.
    [0038] Also, the alphaolefin monomer used in the preparation of the liquid olefin copolymer includes a C2-C20 aliphatic olefin, and may specifically be at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene, and may include isomeric forms, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the copolymerization, the monomer content is 1 to 95 mol%, preferably 5 to 90 mol%.
    [0039] The liquid olefin copolymer required in the present invention has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.0 to 4.0 and a bromine number of 0.1 or less.
    [0040] The liquid olefin copolymer may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 30 wt%, and preferably 0.5 to 25 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition. If the amount of the liquid olefin copolymer is less than 0.1 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition, low-temperature stability may deteriorate. On the other hand, if the amount thereof exceeds 30 wt%, sufficient viscosity cannot be realized, and thus application of the resulting composition to gear oil becomes difficult, which is undesirable.
    [0041] The alkylated phosphonium compound, serving as a friction-reducing agent, may be at least one selected from the group consisting of tetraoctylated phosphonium bisethylhexyl phosphate, tributyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, tetraethylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate and tributylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexly)phosphate. When the alkylated phosphonium compound is included in the lubricant composition, it may exhibit synergistic effects with an existing wear-resistant agent and friction reduction effects, and additionally, energy-saving effects may be achieved through friction reduction.
    [0042] The alkylated phosphonium compound may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 wt%, and preferably 0.3 to 4.0 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition. If the amount of the alkylated phosphonium compound is less than 0.1 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition, the friction reduction effect is insignificant. On the other hand, if the amount thereof exceeds 5.0 wt%, the additional reduction effect is insignificant despite the excessive addition thereof, which is undesirable.
    [0043] The lubricant composition of the present invention may further include an additive selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a metal cleaner, an anticorrosive agent, a foam inhibitor, a pour-point depressant, a viscosity modifier, a wear-resistant agent and combinations thereof.
    [0044] The antioxidant may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition, and is preferably used in the form of a mixture of a phenolic antioxidant and an aminic antioxidant, more preferably a mixture of 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of the phenolic antioxidant and 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of the aminic antioxidant.
    [0045] The phenolic antioxidant may be any one selected from the group consisting of 2,6-dibutylphenol, hindered bisphenol, high-molecular-weight hindered phenol, and hindered phenol with thioether.
    [0046] The aminic antioxidant may be any one selected from the group consisting of diphenylamine, alkylated diphenylamine and naphthylamine, and preferably, the alkylated diphenylamine is dioctyldiphenylamine, octylated diphenylamine, or butylated diphenylamine.
    [0047] The metal cleaner may be at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic phenate, metallic sulfonate, and metallic salicylate, and preferably, the metal cleaner is included in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition.
    [0048] The anticorrosive agent may be a benzotriazole derivative, and is preferably any one selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, 2-methylbenzotriazole, 2-phenylbenzotriazole, 2-ethylbenzotriazole and 2-propylbenzotriazole. The anticorrosive agent may be included in an amount of 0 to 4.0 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition.
    [0049] The foam inhibitor may be polyoxyalkylene polyol, and preferably, the foam inhibitor is included in an amount of 0 to 4.0 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition.
    [0050] The pour-point depressant may be poly(methyl methacrylate), and preferably, the pour-point depressant is included in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition.
    [0051] The viscosity modifier may be polyisobutylene or polymethacrylate, and preferably, the viscosity modifier is included in an amount of 0 to 15 wt% based on 100 wt% of the lubricant composition.
    [0052] The wear-resistant agent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of organic borates, organic phosphites, organic sulfur-containing compounds, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, zinc diaryl dithiophosphate and phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon, and preferably, the wear-resistant agent is included in an amount of 0.01 to 3.0 wt%.
    [0053] The lubricant composition of the present invention has an SRV friction coefficient of 0.2 to 0.3 and a traction coefficient of 0.15 to 0.3. Also, the lubricant composition of the present invention has a pinion torque loss rate due to friction of less than 1%, as measured through an FZG gear efficiency test as a gear oil rig test.
    [0054] A better understanding of the present invention through the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, but may be embodied in other forms. These examples are provided to thoroughly explain the invention and to sufficiently transfer the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. 1. Preparation of additive composition
    [0055] An additive composition for use in the lubricant composition of the present invention was prepared as shown in Table 2 below. [Table 2] Additive composition Composition A Composition B Antioxidant 2,6-dibutylphenol 1 1.5 Diphenylamine 0.8 1 Metal cleaner Metallic phenate 0.2 0.6 Anticorrosive agent Benzotriazole 0.3 1.0 Foam inhibitor Polyoxyalkylene polyol 0.01 0.02 Pour-point depressant Polymethylmethacrylate 0.2 0.5 Viscosity modifier Polyisobutylene - 1.0 Wear-resistant agent Zinc diaryl dithiophosphate 0.2 1.1 2. Liquid olefin copolymer
    [0056] A liquid olefin copolymer was prepared using an oligomerization method through a catalytic reaction process. Depending on the reaction time and conditions, which follow, liquid olefin copolymers having different molecular weights were prepared, and the properties thereof are shown in Table 3 below.
    [0057] The reaction time and conditions were increased by 4 hr each from 20 hr. Here, the amounts of hydrogen and comonomer C3, which were added thereto, were increased by 10% each, and polymerization was performed under individual conditions, and the resulting polymers were classified depending on the molecular weight thereof. [Table 3] Alphaolefin copolymer Main properties Evaporation Loss (%) Thickening Power (10 wt% in 150N) CoE of Thermal Expansion Copolymer I 1.28 6 3.00 to 3.20 Copolymer II 0.54 7 3.20 to 3.40 Copolymer III 0.10 8 3.40 to 3.50 Copolymer IV 0.001 10 3.50 to 3.60 Copolymer V 0.0001 12 3.60 to 3.70 Copolymer VI 0.00001 14 3.70 to 3.80 3. Preparation of lubricant composition for gear oil
    [0058] A lubricant composition was prepared by mixing a base oil, the liquid olefin copolymer, an alkylated phosphonium compound, and the additive prepared above, as shown in Tables 4 and 5 below. Here, the base oil was polyalphaolefin (PAO 4 cSt, available from Chevron Philips) having kinematic viscosity of 4 cSt at 100°C, and the alkylated phosphonium compound was tetraoctylated phosphonium bisethylhexyl phosphate. Preparation Examples 1 to 72 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9. Lubricant composition for gear oil including additive A
    [0059] [Table 4]CompositionBase oilAlphaolefin copolymerAlkylated phosphonium compoundAdditive APreparation Example 197.14Copolymer I 0.050.12.71 Preparation Example 296.74Copolymer I 0.050.52.71Preparation Example 396.24Copolymer I 0.051.02.71Preparation Example 494.24Copolymer I 0.053.02.71Preparation Example 592.24Copolymer I 0.055.02.71Preparation Example 695.79Copolymer I 0.51.02.71Preparation Example 793.79Copolymer I 0.53.02.71Preparation Example 891.79Copolymer I 50.52.71Preparation Example 989.29Copolymer I 53.02.71Preparation Example 1087.29Copolymer I 55.02.71Preparation Example 1186.79Copolymer I 100.52.71Preparation Example 1286.29Copolymer I 101.02.71Preparation Example 1382.29Copolymer I 105.02.71Preparation Example 1476.79Copolymer I 200.52.71Preparation Example 1572.29Copolymer I 205.02.71Preparation Example 1667.19Copolymer I 300.12.71Preparation Example 1762.29Copolymer I 305.02.71Preparation Example 1861.79Copolymer I 350.52.71Preparation Example 1961.29Copolymer I 351.02.71Preparation Example 2059.29Copolymer I 353.02.71 Preparation Example 2157.29Copolymer I 355.02.71Preparation Example 2252.29Copolymer I 3510.02.71Preparation Example 2397.14Copolymer II 0.050.12.71Preparation Example 2496.74Copolymer II 0.050.52.71Preparation Example 2596.24Copolymer II 0.051.02.71Preparation Example 2694.24Copolymer II 0.053.02.71Preparation Example 2792.24Copolymer II 0.055.02.71Preparation Example 2895.79Copolymer II 0.51.02.71Preparation Example 2993.79Copolymer II 0.53.02.71Preparation Example 3091.79Copolymer II 50.52.71Preparation Example 3191.29Copolymer II 51.02.71Preparation Example 3287.29Copolymer II 55.02.71Preparation Example 3387.19Copolymer II 100.12.71Preparation Example 3486.29Copolymer II 101.02.71Preparation Example 3584.29Copolymer II 103.02.71Preparation Example 3682.29Copolymer II 105.02.71Preparation Example 3777.19Copolymer II 200.12.71Preparation Example 3874.29Copolymer II 203.02.71Preparation Example 3972.29Copolymer II 205.02.71Preparation Example 4067.19Copolymer II 300.12.71 Preparation Example 4197.14Copolymer III 0.050.12.71Preparation Example 4296.74Copolymer III 0.050.52.71Preparation Example 4396.24Copolymer III 0.051.02.71Preparation Example 4494.24Copolymer III 0.053.02.71Preparation Example 4591.79Copolymer III 50.52.71Preparation Example 4687.29Copolymer III 55.02.71Preparation Example 4786.79Copolymer III 100.52.71Preparation Example 4882.29Copolymer III 105.02.71Preparation Example 4976.79Copolymer III 200.52.71Preparation Example 5076.29Copolymer III 201.02.71Preparation Example 5172.29Copolymer III 205.02.71Preparation Example 5292.19Copolymer IV 50.12.71Preparation Example 5389.29Copolymer IV 53.02.71Preparation Example 5487.29Copolymer IV 55.02.71Preparation Example 5582.29Copolymer IV 510.02.71Preparation Example 5686.79Copolymer IV 100.52.71Preparation Example 5774.29Copolymer IV 203.02.71Preparation Example 5876.79Copolymer IV 200.52.71Preparation Example 5991.79Copolymer V 50.52.71 Preparation Example 6086.79Copolymer V 100.52.71Preparation Example 6182.29Copolymer V 105.02.71Preparation Example 6277.19Copolymer V 200.12.71Preparation Example 6376.79Copolymer V 200.52.71Preparation Example 6472.29Copolymer V 205.02.71Preparation Example 6567.19Copolymer V 300.12.71Preparation Example 6666.79Copolymer V 300.52.71Preparation Example 6797.14Copolymer VI 0.050.12.71Preparation Example 6896.74Copolymer VI 0.050.52.71Preparation Example 6996.24Copolymer VI 0.051.02.71Preparation Example 7091.79Copolymer VI 50.52.71Preparation Example 7186.79Copolymer VI 100.52.71Preparation Example 7276.79Copolymer VI 200.52.71Comparative Example 197.24Copolymer I 0.05-2.71Comparative Example 297.24Copolymer II 0.05-2.71Comparative Example 387.29Copolymer II 10-2.71Comparative Example 477.29Copolymer II 20-2.71Comparative Example 567.29Copolymer II 30-2.71Comparative Example 692.29Copolymer IV 5-2.71Comparative Example 767.29Copolymer V 30-2.71 Comparative Example 862.29Copolymer V 35-2.71Comparative Example 997.24Copolymer VI 0.05-2.71 Preparation Examples 73 to 148 and Comparative Examples 10 to 16. Lubricant composition for gear oil including additive B
    [0060] [Table 5]CompositionBase oilAlphaolefin copolymerAlkylated phosphonium compoundAdditive BPreparation Example 7392.28Copolymer I 0.50.56.72Preparation Example 7491.78Copolymer I 0.51.06.72Preparation Example 7587.78Copolymer I 50.56.72Preparation Example 7687.28Copolymer I 51.06.72Preparation Example 7782.28Copolymer I 101.06.72Preparation Example 7880.28Copolymer I 103.06.72Preparation Example 7972.78Copolymer I 200.56.72Preparation Example 8072.28Copolymer I 201.06.72Preparation Example 8191.78Copolymer II 0.51.06.72Preparation Example 8289.78Copolymer II 0.53.06.72Preparation Example 8387.78Copolymer II 50.56.72Preparation Example 8487.28Copolymer II 51.06.72 Preparation Example 8582.28Copolymer II 101.06.72Preparation Example 8680.28Copolymer II 103.06.72Preparation Example 8770.28Copolymer II 203.06.72Preparation Example 8862.78Copolymer II 300.56.72Preparation Example 8962.28Copolymer II 301.06.72Preparation Example 9060.28Copolymer II 303.06.72Preparation Example 9158.28Copolymer II 305.06.72Preparation Example 9193.13Copolymer III 0.050.16.72Preparation Example 9392.73Copolymer III 0.050.56.72Preparation Example 9492.23Copolymer III 0.051.06.72Preparation Example 9590.23Copolymer III 0.053.06.72Preparation Example 9687.78Copolymer III 50.56.72Preparation Example 9783.28Copolymer III 55.06.72Preparation Example 9882.78Copolymer III 100.56.72Preparation Example 9978.28Copolymer III 105.06.72Preparation Example 10072.78Copolymer III 200.56.72Preparation Example 10172.28Copolymer III 201.06.72Preparation Example 10268.28Copolymer III 205.06.72Preparation Example 10358.28Copolymer III 305.06.72Preparation Example 10458.18Copolymer III 350.16.72 Preparation Example 10557.78Copolymer III 350.56.72Preparation Example 10657.28Copolymer III 351.06.72Preparation Example 10755.28Copolymer III 353.06.72Preparation Example 10893.13Copolymer IV 0.050.16.72Preparation Example 10992.73Copolymer IV 0.050.56.72Preparation Example 11092.23Copolymer IV 0.051.06.72Preparation Example 11190.23Copolymer IV 0.053.06.72Preparation Example 11288.23Copolymer IV 0.055.06.72Preparation Example 11388.18Copolymer IV 50.16.72Preparation Example 11485.28Copolymer IV 53.06.72Preparation Example 11583.28Copolymer IV 55.06.72Preparation Example 11678.28Copolymer IV 510.06.72Preparation Example 11783.18Copolymer IV 100.16.72Preparation Example 11882.78Copolymer IV 100.56.72Preparation Example 11978.28Copolymer IV 105.06.72Preparation Example 12073.18Copolymer IV 200.16.72Preparation Example 12172.78Copolymer IV 200.56.72Preparation Example 12270.28Copolymer IV 203.06.72Preparation Example 12393.13Copolymer V 0.050.16.72 Preparation Example 12492.73Copolymer V 0.050.56.72Preparation Example 12592.23Copolymer V 0.051.06.72Preparation Example 12690.23Copolymer V 0.053.06.72Preparation Example 12788.23Copolymer V 0.055.06.72Preparation Example 12888.18Copolymer V 50.16.72Preparation Example 12987.78Copolymer V 50.56.72Preparation Example 13083.28Copolymer V 55.06.72Preparation Example 13182.78Copolymer V 100.56.72Preparation Example 13278.28Copolymer V 105.06.72Preparation Example 13372.78Copolymer V 200.56.72Preparation Example 13472.28Copolymer V 201.06.72Preparation Example 13563.18Copolymer V 300.16.72Preparation Example 13690.23Copolymer VI 0.053.06.72Preparation Example 13788.23Copolymer VI 0.055.06.72Preparation Example 13887.78Copolymer VI 50.56.72Preparation Example 13985.28Copolymer VI 53.06.72Preparation Example 14083.18Copolymer VI 100.16.72Preparation Example 14182.28Copolymer VI 101.06.72Preparation Example 14278.28Copolymer VI 105.06.72Preparation Example 14370.28Copolymer VI 203.06.72 Preparation Example 14458.18Copolymer VI 350.16.72Preparation Example 14557.78Copolymer VI 350.56.72Preparation Example 14657.28Copolymer VI 351.06.72Preparation Example 14755.28Copolymer VI 353.06.72Preparation Example 14853.28Copolymer VI 355.06.72Comparative Example 1093.23Copolymer IV 0.05-6.72Comparative Example 1188.28Copolymer IV 5-6.72Comparative Example 1283.28Copolymer IV 10-6.72Comparative Example 1388.28Copolymer V 5-6.72Comparative Example 1473.28Copolymer V 20-6.72Comparative Example 1563.28Copolymer V 30-6.72Comparative Example 1688.28Copolymer VI 5-6.72 4. Evaluation of properties
    [0061] The properties of the lubricant compositions prepared in Preparation Examples and Comparative Examples were measured as follows. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7 below. Friction Coefficient
    [0062] In the ball-on-disc mode, friction performance was evaluated by sequentially elevating the temperature in increments of 10°C from 40 to 120°C at 50 Hz and comparing the average friction coefficients at individual temperatures. Here, the friction coefficient value decreases with an increase in effectiveness. Traction Coefficient
    [0063] The traction coefficient was measured using an MTM instrument made by PCS Instruments. Here, the measurement conditions were fixed at 50N and SRR 50%, and friction and traction were observed depending on changes in temperature. The temperature was varied from 40 to 120°C, and the average values were compared. Wear resistance
    [0064] Four steel balls were subjected to friction with the lubricant composition for 60 min under conditions of 20 kg load, 1200 rpm, and 54°C, the sizes of wear scars were compared, and evaluation was carried out in accordance with ASTM D4172. Here, the wear scar (average wear scar diameter, µm) value decreases with an increase in effectiveness. Oxidation stability
    [0065] Oxidation stability was measured using an RBOT (Rotational Bomb Oxidation Test) meter in accordance with ASTM D2271. Friction loss
    [0066] As a gear oil rig test, an FZG gear efficiency test was performed. In the FZG efficiency test, the pinion torque was measured through rotation with a motor drive specified depending on the type of oil under conditions in which the temperature of oil was fixed to 100°C and no load was applied, and thus the pinion torque loss rates of existing oil and the oil using the alphaolefin copolymer and the alkylated phosphonium compound were calculated, and relative values thereof were compared. [Table 6] SRV Friction Coefficient MTM Traction Coefficient 4 Ball Wear (µm) Oxidation stability Relative loss (FZG efficiency at 100°C) Preparation Example 1 0.701 0.598 496 610 1.20 Preparation Example 2 0.732 0.569 477 654 1.09 Preparation Example 3 0.734 0.587 432 523 1.16 Preparation Example 4 0.735 0.544 501 320 1.30 Preparation Example 5 0.712 0.523 665 249 1.30 Preparation Example 6 0.285 0.200 152 1650 0.91 Preparation Example 7 0.265 0.236 133 1600 0.90 Preparation Example 8 0.267 0.211 110 2000 0.95 Preparation Example 9 0.240 0.236 106 2110 0.94 Preparation Example 10 0.736 0.569 511 333 1.15 Preparation Example 11 0.239 0.207 123 1840 0.91 Preparation Example 12 0.257 0.217 140 1680 0.92 Preparation Example 13 0.745 0.564 522 285 1.22 Preparation Example 14 0.259 0.243 147 1510 0.93 Preparation Example 15 0.754 0.555 536 278 1.20 Preparation Example 16 0.710 0.621 588 299 1.18 Preparation Example 17 0.768 0.561 555 269 1.18 Preparation Example 18 0.769 0.532 622 298 1.16 Preparation Example 19 0.774 0.512 654 277 1.09 Preparation Example 20 0.744 0.533 635 279 1.16 Preparation Example 21 0.730 0.612 598 311 1.14 Preparation Example 22 0.741 0.633 590 312 1.16 Preparation Example 23 0.76 0.685 518 384 1.20 Preparation Example 24 0.769 0.696 523 368 1.18 Preparation Example 25 0.778 0.641 537 321 1.14 Preparation Example 26 0.792 0.621 556 325 1.16 Preparation Example 27 0.791 0.632 631 387 1.12 Preparation Example 28 0.278 0.236 107 1610 0.93 Preparation Example 29 0.279 0.245 108 1440 0.91 Preparation Example 30 0.284 0.278 121 2130 0.92 Preparation Example 31 0.291 0.247 122 2410 0.93 Preparation Example 32 0.793 0.612 623 345 1.19 Preparation Example 33 0.777 0.548 505 269 1.16 Preparation Example 34 0.269 0.219 158 1780 0.95 Preparation Example 35 0.264 0.209 169 1790 0.93 Preparation Example 36 0.797 0.587 647 388 1.20 Preparation Example 37 0.81 0.521 644 415 1.14 Preparation Example 38 0.258 0.221 152 1540 0.92 Preparation Example 39 0.755 0.555 612 321 1.30 Preparation Example 40 0.841 0.623 698 610 1.15 Preparation Example 41 0.702 0.665 678 654 1.14 Preparation Example 42 0.682 0.610 598 523 1.16 Preparation Example 43 0.713 0.587 599 320 1.30 Preparation Example 44 0.715 0.588 587 333 1.15 Preparation Example 45 0.258 0.211 175 2020 0.95 Preparation Example 46 0.716 0.521 499 285 1.22 Preparation Example 47 0.269 0.207 154 1650 0.92 Preparation Example 48 0.717 0.569 580 278 1.20 Preparation Example 49 0.278 0.217 135 1580 0.92 Preparation Example 50 0.279 0.213 108 1490 0.93 Preparation Example 51 0.726 0.587 590 269 1.18 Preparation Example 52 0.693 0.587 520 495 1.15 Preparation Example 53 0.231 0.247 163 2456 0.94 Preparation Example 54 0.691 0.587 651 419 1.14 Preparation Example 55 0.711 0.547 587 322 1.12 Preparation Example 56 0.268 0.236 199 1680 0.91 Preparation Example 57 0.264 0.248 185 2020 0.92 Preparation Example 58 0.247 0.278 169 2122 0.93 Preparation Example 59 0.254 0.219 165 1681 0.93 Preparation Example 60 0.260 0.217 155 1519 0.92 Preparation Example 61 0.678 0.512 655 279 1.16 Preparation Example 62 0.621 0.547 591 325 1.18 Preparation Example 63 0.278 0.243 123 1440 0.93 Preparation Example 64 0.744 0.587 478 347 1.16 Preparation Example 65 0.685 0.611 664 269 1.18 Preparation Example 66 0.655 0.587 673 396 1.16 Preparation Example 67 0.745 0.587 599 348 1.16 Preparation Example 68 0.725 0.555 568 384 1.30 Preparation Example 69 0.756 0.548 534 368 1.15 Preparation Example 70 0.291 0.245 149 1810 0.91 Preparation Example 71 0.269 0.278 107 1790 0.92 Preparation Example 72 0.284 0.256 110 1540 0.94 Comparative Example 1 0.721 0.589 454 510 1.11 Comparative Example 2 0.759 0.674 505 348 1.22 Comparative Example 3 0.775 0.555 436 258 1.30 Comparative Example 4 0.811 0.588 698 412 1.18 Comparative Example 5 0.766 0.672 664 510 1.16 Comparative Example 6 0.725 0.611 510 465 1.30 Comparative Example 7 0.68 0.563 636 249 1.30 Comparative Example 8 0.7 0.587 597 321 1.20 Comparative Example 9 0.716 0.539 498 396 1.30 [Table 7] SRV Friction Coefficient MTM Traction Coefficient 4 Ball Wear (µm) Oxidation stability Relative loss (FZG efficiency at 100°C) Preparation Example 73 0.268 0.209 122 1640 0.93 Preparation Example 74 0.269 0.236 132 1490 0.91 Preparation Example 75 0.247 0.200 164 2110 0.92 Preparation Example 76 0.231 0.236 176 2030 0.93 Preparation Example 77 0.254 0.211 161 1580 0.95 Preparation Example 78 0.251 0.236 196 1490 0.94 Preparation Example 79 0.269 0.207 193 1480 0.91 Preparation Example 80 0.278 0.222 190 1650 0.92 Preparation Example 81 0.277 0.236 167 1480 0.93 Preparation Example 82 0.284 0.245 189 2020 0.94 Preparation Example 83 0.268 0.278 107 2456 0.93 Preparation Example 84 0.269 0.247 108 1854 0.91 Preparation Example 85 0.284 0.219 121 1440 0.92 Preparation Example 86 0.291 0.209 122 2080 0.93 Preparation Example 87 0.264 0.200 169 1810 0.93 Preparation Example 88 0.749 0.555 520 298 1.12 Preparation Example 89 0.748 0.569 555 277 1.19 Preparation Example 90 0.75 0.539 562 279 1.16 Preparation Example 91 0.755 0.587 458 249 1.30 Preparation Example 91 0.798 0.639 655 346 1.16 Preparation Example 93 0.768 0.589 636 347 1.30 Preparation Example 94 0.736 0.598 664 258 1.15 Preparation Example 95 0.747 0.569 673 269 1.22 Preparation Example 96 0.254 0.236 194 1540 0.93 Preparation Example 97 0.822 0.587 676 287 1.20 Preparation Example 98 0.260 0.207 123 1640 0.95 Preparation Example 99 0.813 0.544 618 288 1.18 Preparation Example 100 0.269 0.222 140 1490 0.93 Preparation Example 101 0.278 0.219 146 2020 0.91 Preparation Example 102 0.702 0.569 589 299 1.14 Preparation Example 103 0.682 0.564 597 388 1.12 Preparation Example 104 0.726 0.512 478 347 1.22 Preparation Example 105 0.735 0.533 436 321 1.20 Preparation Example 106 0.749 0.523 505 247 1.18 Preparation Example 107 0.748 0.532 518 258 1.14 Preparation Example 108 0.693 0.548 587 322 1.30 Preparation Example 109 0.704 0.512 541 368 1.15 Preparation Example 110 0.779 0.563 523 388 1.22 Preparation Example 111 0.77 0.611 498 396 1.20 Preparation Example 112 0.691 0.587 599 348 1.18 Preparation Example 113 0.722 0.521 534 368 1.12 Preparation Example 114 0.284 0.209 198 1650 0.92 Preparation Example 115 0.715 0.555 612 345 1.15 Preparation Example 116 0.716 0.672 647 346 1.13 Preparation Example 117 0.726 0.498 644 258 1.30 Preparation Example 118 0.291 0.278 107 1580 0.94 Preparation Example 119 0.745 0.623 612 299 1.18 Preparation Example 120 0.725 0.665 664 388 1.14 Preparation Example 121 0.264 0.219 121 1480 0.91 Preparation Example 122 0.269 0.256 110 1910 0.93 Preparation Example 123 0.758 0.600 678 415 1.19 Preparation Example 124 0.759 0.588 598 369 1.16 Preparation Example 125 0.76 0.541 599 358 1.30 Preparation Example 126 0.769 0.563 587 347 1.16 Preparation Example 127 0.778 0.522 499 321 1.30 Preparation Example 128 0.716 0.563 789 317 1.20 Preparation Example 129 0.268 0.221 158 1480 0.93 Preparation Example 130 0.713 0.532 580 365 1.15 Preparation Example 131 0.264 0.236 174 2122 0.95 Preparation Example 132 0.645 0.555 589 285 1.22 Preparation Example 133 0.247 0.219 152 2456 0.93 Preparation Example 134 0.231 0.211 169 1854 0.91 Preparation Example 135 0.735 0.547 510 250 1.14 Preparation Example 136 0.758 0.512 578 321 1.22 Preparation Example 137 0.759 0.563 579 325 1.20 Preparation Example 138 0.251 0.207 154 2080 0.93 Preparation Example 139 0.260 0.234 169 2130 0.94 Preparation Example 140 0.798 0.578 485 287 1.22 Preparation Example 141 0.259 0.209 220 1810 0.93 Preparation Example 142 0.822 0.601 444 412 1.12 Preparation Example 143 0.261 0.226 226 1780 0.91 Preparation Example 144 0.769 0.587 584 345 1.14 Preparation Example 145 0.778 0.588 562 346 1.12 Preparation Example 146 0.792 0.541 532 347 1.19 Preparation Example 147 0.791 0.513 521 258 1.16 Preparation Example 148 0.793 0.555 511 269 1.30 Comparative Example 10 0.725 0.555 651 269 1.16 Comparative Example 11 0.711 0.588 568 384 1.14 Comparative Example 12 0.717 0.499 698 347 1.16 Comparative Example 13 0.715 0.543 590 399 1.22 Comparative Example 14 0.749 0.555 587 321 1.19 Comparative Example 15 0.646 0.569 523 278 1.20 Comparative Example 16 0.76 0.611 624 387 1.18
    [0067] As is apparent from Tables 6 and 7, the lubricant compositions including the liquid olefin copolymer and the alkylated phosphonium compound within the amount ranges of the present invention were significantly reduced in wear scar and friction coefficient compared to the lubricant compositions of Comparative Examples, and also exhibited superior oxidation stability.
    [0068] Moreover, an efficiency improvement of at least 5 to 12% in the FZG gear efficiency test resulted, indicating that, even in practical use, the lubricant composition of the present invention was capable of reducing gear loss, thereby significantly improving fuel economy or energy-saving effects.
    [0069] Therefore, it is concluded that the lubricant composition of the present invention is improved from the aspects of friction characteristics and stability and thus is suitable for use in gear oil.
    [0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001] A lubricant composition, comprising:a base oil, a liquid olefin copolymer, and an alkylated phosphonium compound.
    [0002] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid olefin copolymer is prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and alphaolefin using a single-site catalyst system.
    [0003] The lubricant composition of claim 2, wherein the single-site catalyst system includes a metallocene catalyst, an organometallic compound and an ionic compound.
    [0004] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid olefin copolymer has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.0 to 4.0.
    [0005] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid olefin copolymer has a bromine number of 0.1 or less.
    [0006] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the alkylated phosphonium compound is included in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 wt% in the lubricant composition.
    [0007] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid olefin copolymer is included in an amount of 0.1 to 30 wt% in the lubricant composition.
    [0008] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the base oil is at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, polyalphaolefin (PAO), and ester.
    [0009] The lubricant composition of claim 1, further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a metal cleaner, an anticorrosive agent, a foam inhibitor, a pour-point depressant, a viscosity modifier, a wear-resistant agent, and combinations thereof.
    [0010] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricant composition has an SRV friction coefficient of 0.2 to 0.3.
    [0011] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricant composition has a traction coefficient of 0.15 to 0.3.
    [0012] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricant composition has a pinion torque loss rate due to friction of less than 1% in an FZG gear efficiency test.
    [0013] The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricant composition is used as gear oil.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2019257480B2|2021-03-04|
    US20200277540A1|2020-09-03|
    SG10201910737RA|2020-09-29|
    JP2020139140A|2020-09-03|
    KR102097232B1|2020-04-06|
    AU2019257480A1|2020-09-17|
    CN111621355A|2020-09-04|
    RU2726003C1|2020-07-08|
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