• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a folding propeller for a boat, e.g. for a sailboat or a multihull yacht, where said folding propeller comprises a hub for directly or indirectly fastening at a driveshaft connected to a motor, where said folding propeller further comprises at least two individual blades, where each of said blades comprises a root arranged to pivot around a pivot pin at said hub in order to be either in a first and operative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in a radial direction, and in a second and inoperative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in an axial direction, where said hub comprises one or more a cut outs for said blades roots and further comprises a first set of holes for installing said pivot pins and a second set of holes for installing said locking means for engagement with said pivot pins. The invention further comprises a method for installing and/or adjusting such a folding propeller.
    公开号:DK201370583A1
    申请号:DK201370583
    申请日:2013-10-14
    公开日:2015-04-27
    发明作者:Jack Skrydstrup
    申请人:Flexofold Aps；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Folding propeller Field of the Invention
    The present invention relates to a folding propeller for a boat, e.g. for a sailboat or a multihull yacht, where said folding propeller comprises a hub for direct or indirect fastening to a driveshaft connected to a motor, said folding propeller further comprising at least two individual blades, each of said blades comprising a root arranged to pivot around a pivot pin at said hub in order to either be in a first and operative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in a radial direction, or in a second and inoperative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in an axial direction, where said hub comprises one or more cut outs for said blade roots and further comprises a first set of holes for installing said pivot pins and a second set of holes for installing said locking means for engagement with said pivot pins. The invention further comprises a method for installing and / or adjusting such a folding propeller.
    Background of the Invention
    It is well known that boats such as sailboats and multihull yachts use folding propellers in order to minimize drag, noise and wear when sailing without the use of the auxiliary propelling means - a motor. Using a folding propeller will prevent the propeller from being rotated by the water and creates drag and noise when sailing and not using the engine, but further there is much less tendency for the propeller to get tangled up in fishing lines, rope and other articles that otherwise would accumulate on the propeller.
    Another rather important issue when it comes to propellers for boats is corrosion and effectiveness. Galvanic corrosion can be limited by using sacrificial anodes that will be corroded instead of the propeller hub and blades. Another important subject is the effectiveness of the propeller, which can be compromised rather drastically due to fouling on the propeller parts. Until now the design of folding propellers did not address the problem with fouling very well. Further when the folding propeller has been used for some time and little wear has occurred, there is no way of adjusting the individual blades neither in relation to the hub nor in relation to the other blades in the hub.
    Object of the Invention
    It is an object of the invention to provide a folding propeller that is rather corrosion resistant, has a low moment of inertia, and where slack between the individual parts of the folding propeller can be adjusted according to production tolerances and to wear. It is also an object of the invention to provide a folding propeller, wherein the mechanism for taking up the forces acting on the propeller when operated comprises a closed mechanical system allowing for the use of a low tensile strength material for parts of the propeller.
    Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a folding propeller which is quieter that the known folding propellers when changing from forward to reverse, and even further it is an objective of the invention to provide a method for performing an adjustment of a folding propellers.
    Description of the Invention
    As mentioned above, the invention relates to a folding propeller for a boat, e.g. for a sailboat or a multihull yacht, where said folding propeller comprises a hub for direct or indirect fastening to a driveshaft connected to a motor, said folding propeller further comprising at least two individual blades, each of said blades comprising a root arranged to pivot around a pivot pin at said hub in order to either be in a first and operative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in a radial direction, or in a second and inoperative position, where the blades are mainly pointing in an axial direction, where said hub comprises one or more cut outs for said blade roots and further comprises a first set of holes for installing said pivot pins and a second set of holes for installing said locking means for engagement with said pivot pins.
    The novel and inventive thing is that said pivot pins comprise means for installing said locking means, where the locking means are installed in a first pivot pin and further are engaging a second pivot pin.
    Said locking means can be a fastener such as a bolt or screw, hereinafter referred to as a bolt, where said fastener is installed through an opening in a first pivot pin and further into a threaded hole in another pivot pin. This allows the first pivot pin and the second pivot pin to be pulled towards each other and at the same time to be held and secured in relation to the hub. Such an arrangement can be arranged at each end of a pivot pin, and thus a hub comprising e.g. two or three pivot pins can comprise two or three pivot pins having the exact same design, as at one end of a pivot pin there is an opening for a fastener to pass through, and at the other end there is a threaded hold for another fastener to be fastened. This will be discussed in detail in the description of the figures and especially when describing the figure. 4 and FIG. 7th
    The pivot pins and the locking means / fasteners can be considered a closed structure that holds the propeller blades at the roots of the propeller blades. Thus, the hub itself has a less important role, as the reactions form the centrifugal forces, when the propeller is driven, will mainly be taken up by said closed structure of the pivot pins and the locking means and thus to save the hub from said reactions.
    In order to secure said locking means in position in the threaded holes in the pivot pins, the fasteners / locking means can be secured with thread-locking adhesive and / or by engaging narrow holes in the hub. Securing the locking means by engaging narrow holes in the hub means that the locking means extends through the pivot pin and into a hole in the hub, where said hole is an extension of the hole for the locking means. Such a narrow hole might comprise threads or the hub might be manufactured from a material that will allow the locking means to cut itself into position in the hole.
    In an embodiment of a folding propeller according to the invention said hub can be manufactured from a plastic material, e.g. POM, PET, PA, from a fiber reinforced polymer material and / or from another material having similar properties, where POM means polyacetal, PET means polyethylene terephthalate and PA means polyamide. Other types of polymers and thermo setting materials with suitable properties may also be used for said hub. The mentioned properties of said materials can e.g. be mechanical, electrical and / or chemical properties, where a material for a specific use is chosen according to specific and relevant properties.
    Manufacturing a hub from a plastic / polymer material has several advantages which will become clear below. A hub made of plastics has the advantage of being an electrical insulator preventing or at least minimizing corrosion of the metal parts of the hub. Further plastic is a cheap material that is easy to machine and strong enough to transfer the torque of the motor.
    The locking means mentioned above can be secured in narrow holes in the hub by having the locking means in the form of bolts extend through said threaded opening and into a narrow hole in the plastic hub material. The threads of the bolts will thus cut themselves into the plastic material and thus prevent the bolt from becoming loose over time. A hub made of a polymer also has a considerably lower weight and thus also less inertia when rotating and especially when changing between forward and reverse rotation of the propeller, which is one of the situations where the prior art folding propellers experience a high load due to a relatively high weight of the hub itself. A folding propeller according to the invention can have two, three or even four blades, but in most situations two blades is the best and most optimum solution and the blades will typically be manufactured from a metal alloy comprising Ni, Al, Cu, bronze and / or other copper and stainless steel alloys that will be suitable for this purpose.
    In an embodiment of a folding propeller according to the invention said hub can be manufactured from a metal alloy, e.g. bronze, stainless steel or another suitable metal alloy. The material used for the hub can in principle be any suitable material, metallic or not and no matter if the hub is made of a polymer or a metal alloy one or more anodes can be arranged at the hub in order to protect against galvanic corrosion on the parts of the folding propeller.
    In a preferred embodiment of a folding propeller according to the invention, said hub comprises a link, wherein said link comprises means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots. Such a link can be compared to the side plate of a roller chain, where the link has openings for receiving the pivot pins and thus supports the locking means or bolts, which holds the opposing pivot pin in place during operation. The link is actually a kind of safety strap helping the locking means and also relieving the load on the hub. Thus, the hub can be manufactured from a less strong and solid material such as the known metal alloys and instead manufactured from a polymer as mentioned above. Such a link can be arranged in a manner that allows for an anode to be installed to said link using high corrosion resistant bolts.
    In yet another embodiment of a folding propeller according to the invention, said hub at the cut out for the blade root of the blades may comprise at least one internal flange dividing said cut out, where said internal flange comprises means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots. Said internal flange is actually a kind of link as discussed above, but here the flange is an integrated part of the hub located in said cut out and which fits into corresponding cut outs in the propeller blade roots and thus allows the root of the blades to be installed on both sides of the flange, and further allows the pivot pins to be installed through the hub, the root of the blades and into said flange and further into the root and finally into the hub. More or less in the same manner as having a link as mentioned above, which will be discussed in detail below.
    Another possibility of supporting the folding propeller construction according to the invention may be that the hub comprises at least one link, but preferably at least two links, where said one or more links can be embedded in the material of the hub, where said link or links comprise means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots. The links can e.g. be steel links fully embedded in the hub and as such add rigidity to the hub and to the system of pivot bolts and locking means.
    In an attractive variant of a folding propeller according to the invention, said folding propeller may comprise two, three or four individual blades, each blade having a root comprising a gear engaging one or more other gears at other blade roots. Using gears at the root of the propeller blades secures a simultaneous engagement of both / all propeller blades when engaging the drive shaft. The propeller blades are forced into the operational position by the centrifugal forces, and by using the gears it is ensured that all blades will be activated in an equal manner and thus the system - the folding propeller - will be in an optimum balance. However, a folding propeller according to the invention may be designed with blades without such a gear.
    According to the invention a folding propeller may have a hub comprising at least one compression cut out between said first set of holes for the pivot pins. A compression cut out can for instance be made as one or more drilled or machined apertures between said first set of holes. A compression cut-out can also be made as a reduced material thickness, a material with a higher elasticity / less stiffness or in any other possible manner, that allow the first set of holes or the pivot pins arranged therein to be forced / adjusted towards each other eg by tightening the locking means / bolts.
    In a further embodiment of a folding propeller according to the invention, said folding propeller may comprise shock absorber means, said shock absorber means being arranged at one or more blade roots. Such shock absorber means reducing the impact forces transferred to the hub when activating the propeller and unfolding the blades. The shock absorber means can be arranged as parts of a resilient material, e.g. a rubber compound installed at the propeller blade roots in order for the shock absorber to engage with the hub or alternatively to engage with an opposing propeller blade root as will be seen in the figures below.
    The invention also relates to a method for installing and / or adjusting a folding propeller according to the invention and as described above. The new and inventive method comprises at least the following steps: - determining a too small or too large clearance between a number of individual blades of a folding propeller; - activating the locking means that engages one pivot pin through another pivot pin, and either loosening or tightening said locking means; - determining that a proper clearance has been achieved.
    During installation of a two bladed folding propeller according to the invention the propeller will be disassembled more or less completely. The hub, the propeller blades and the pivot pins and the locking means will be separated in order to install the hub at the drive shaft. After installing the hub and securing it in position, the first propeller blade is arranged and aligned with the root in the cut out in the hub and the first pivot pin is inserted in the hub and through the root of the blade and into the other side of the hub. After installing the first propeller blade, the second propeller blade is arranged and aligned with the root in the cut out in the hub and the second pivot pin is inserted as the first. After inserting the first and second pivot pins it is time to install the locking device i.e. threaded bolts into holes perpendicular to the respective holes for the pivot pins. The bolt can be inserted into a through hole in the first pivot pin and further into a threaded hole in the second pivot pin and vice versa with the bolt inserted in the second pivot pin. Said locking means / bolts can be installed using thread-locking adhesive. After having all parts in place, the clearance or slack between the respective propeller blades and the hub can be controlled and / or adjusted by tightening the locking means to a specific torque. The desired adjustment can also be obtained using a feeler gauge blade or other kinds of appropriate tools.
    The correct clearance is important for several reasons, but mainly too much clearance will increase wear and noise while too little clearance will prevent the folding and unfolding motion from taking place as desired.
    If the folding propeller has been in service for some time a routine service may be performed by loosening the locking means, cleaning their threads or perhaps replacing the locking means before adding thread-locking adhesive and refitting the locking means. In order to perform such a service it might be a good idea to operate one locking device at the time, and when all the locking means have been loosened and refitted the proper torque can be applied to the locking means one by one. Such a service can for instance be carried out during winter time where the boat is taken out of the water anywayhowever, it is also possible to perform such a service while the boat is in the water.
    Description of the Drawing
    An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 shows a two bladed folding propeller in an operational position;
    FIG. 2 shows a two bladed folding propeller in an inoperative position;
    FIG. 3 shows a two bladed folding propeller disassembled;
    FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of the propeller blades assembled without the hub;
    FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the propeller blades assembled without the hub; FIG. 6 shows the shock absorber element at the propeller blades;
    FIG. 7 shows a hub and a cross sectional drawing of the hub and pivot pins for a three bladed folding propeller, and
    FIG. 8 shows a link for supporting the pivot pins and the hub for a three bladed folding propeller.
    In the following text, the figures will be described one by one and the different parts and positions seen in the figures will be numbered with the same numbers in the different figures. Not all parts and positions indicated in a specific figure will necessarily be discussed together with that figure.
    Position number list 1. Folding prop 2. Hub 3. Blade 4. Anode 5. First set of holes in hub 6. Second set of holes in hub 7. Pivot pin 8. Locking means 9. Compression cut out 10. Cut out in hub for propeller blade roots 11. Propeller blade root 12. Through hole in pivot pin 13. Threaded hole in pivot pin 14. Link 15. Holes in the link for the pivot pins 16. Cut out in propeller blade root for link 17. Hole for pivot pin in propeller blade root 18. Bolt for the anode 19. Cut out for shock absorber 20. Shock absorber 21. Side link 22. Contact area for shock absorber 23. Triple link
    Detailed Description of the Invention
    In FIG. 1 a two bladed folding propeller 1 is seen in an operative position, where the blades 3 are unfolded and extending in a more or less radial direction from the hub 2. At the end of the hub 2 an anode 4 is seen and on the side of the hub 2 the first set of holes 5 in the hub 2 is seen. In said first set of holes 5 the pivot pins 7 are arranged and secured.
    FIG. 2 shows the same folding propeller 1 as seen in fig. 1, but here in an inoperative position, with the blades 3 folded and pointing in an axial direction.
    In FIG. 3 the same two bladed folding propellers 1, as also seen in the preceding figures, are seen, but here in a completely disassembled state, where all the various parts are seen. As can be seen the hub 2 comprises said first set of holes 5 and also a second set of holes 6 arranged perpendicular to the first set of holes 5 and in the same plane. In the second set of holes 6 the locking means 8, here in the form of threaded bolts 8, will be installed. Between the two holes of the first set of holes 5 a so called compression cut out 9 is seen. The compression cut out 9 is actually an area that it is possible to compress and thus adjust the distance between the two holes in the first set of holes 5. Said adjustment possibility is not very large but can e.g. be between 0.1 to 3 millimeters or less or even more. In this embodiment, the compression cut out 9 is actually a longhole arranged between holes 5, but could also have compressed a weakened area due to reduced thickness, stiffness or by any other means.
    Perpendicular to the first set of holes 5 there is a cut out 10 for the propeller blade roots 11. When the propeller blades 3 are arranged in said cut out 10 the pivot pins 7 will be installed in the holes 5 and the bolts 8 will be installed in the second set of holes 6 in the hub 2. By tightening the bolts 8 the roots 11 will be pulled together and the gear at the roots will have the desired slack or clearance in order to work properly.
    The pivot pins 7 each have a through hole 12 and a threaded hole 13. A locking means / bolt 8 will be installed through said through hole 12 and in engagement with said threaded hole 13 in order to adjust the distance between the two pivot pins 7 .
    Above the cut out 10 in the hub 2 a link 14 is seen, said link 14 has a set of holes 15 arranged for the pivot pins 7 to fit into. Further the propeller blade roots 11 also have a cut out 16 for the link to be positioned in. Then the pivot pin 7 can be installed in the holes 5 of the hub 2, and pushed into a corresponding hole 17 in the propeller blade root 11, into said link 16 and further through the other side of the propeller blade root 11 and into its final position in hub 2 on the other side. After installing both pivot pins 7, the locking means / bolts 8 will be installed and adjustment will take place.
    In this figure the link 16 has a first purpose of supporting the pivot pins 7 and thus to relieve the hub 2 from some of the reactive forces from the blades 3 when the propeller 1 is operated. A second purpose is to act as a support for the anode 4 which is fastened to the link 16 by a bolt 18.
    At the propeller blade roots 11, a cut out 19 for a shock absorber 20 is seen. The shock absorber 20 will typically be made of a rubber compound and may be changed due to wear during dismantling of the folding propeller 1.
    In FIG. 4 only the blades 3, the pivot pins 7, the locking means 8 and the central link 14 are seen installed without the hub 2. This is of course a non-realistic situation but for the purpose of understanding the position of the various parts it makes sense. The same goes for fig. 5 and 6.
    Here it can be seen that the two pivot pins 7 have identical design and that the locking means / bolts 8 are installed in a through hole 12 in one pivot pin 7 and into a threaded hole 13 in the other pivot pin 7. This design makes the locking means 8 and the pivot pins 7 together with the propeller blade roots take up practically all the mechanical loads, and thus the hub 2 can be manufactured from less rigid and strong material, eg a suitable polymer fiber or metal reinforced or not.
    Fig 5 shows an alternative solution to what is seen in fig. 3, if the central link 14 is replaced by two side links 21. Such side links 21 can be arranged as a spacer between the sidewall of the cut out 10 in the hub 2 and the propeller blade roots 11, but these side links can also be embedded in the hub 2 eg during molding of such a hub 2.
    FIG. 6 shows details about the shock absorber 20, where the contact area 22 on each of the propeller blade roots 11 is seen. The forces taken up by the shock absorber 20 are thus divided by two shock absorbers 20 and two contact areas 22.
    In FIG. 7, a cross sectional drawing of a hub 2 is seen, where the hub 2 is designed for three blades 3. To the right the hub 2 is seen from the side and to the left a cross section according to the line EE is seen, directly through the pivot pins 7. Also, here the pivot pins 7 have a through hole 12 and a threaded hole 13 for the locking means / bolts 8, and the system comprising the pivot pins 7 and the locking means 8 will take up the majority of the forces and reactions at the mentioned parts.
    Finally, FIG. 8 shows a triple link 23 for the solution seen in fig. 6, where the triple link 23 will be installed with a pivot pin 7 in each of the holes 15 in order to support the pivot pin 7 and the hub 2. Centrally at the triple link 23 there is a hole 24 for a bolt 18 for fixating to anode 4.
    The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and may be modified or adapted without departing from the scope of the present invention as described in the patent claims below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. A folding propeller for a boat, e.g. for a sailboat or a multihull yacht, where said folding propeller comprises a hub for directly or indirectly fastening at a driveshaft connected to a motor, where said folding propeller further comprises at least two individual blades, where each of said blades comprises a root arranged to pivot around a pivot pin at said hub in order to be either in a first and operative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in a radial direction, and in a second and inoperative position, where the blades are pointing mainly in an axial direction, where said hub comprises one or more cut outs for said blades roots and further comprises a first set of holes for installing said pivot pins and a second set of holes for installing said locking means for engagement with said pivot pins, characterised in, that said pivot pins comprises means for installation of said locking means, where the locking means are installed in a first pivot pin and further is engaging a second pivot pin.
    [2] 2. A folding propeller according to claim 1, characterised in that said hub is manufactured from a plastic material, e.g. POM, PET, PA, from a fibre reinforced polymer material and/or from another material having similar properties.
    [3] 3. A folding propeller according to claim 1, characterised in that said hub is manufactured from a metal alloy, e.g. bronze, stainless steel or another suitable metal alloy.
    [4] 4. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said hub comprises a link, where said link comprises means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots.
    [5] 5. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said hub at the cut out for the blade root of the blades comprises at least one internal flange dividing said cut out, where said internal flange comprises means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots.
    [6] 6. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that said hub comprises at least one link, but preferably at least two links, where said one or more links are embedded in the material of the hub, where said link or links comprise means for interacting with at least two of said pivot pins and with at least two of said propeller blade roots.
    [7] 7. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterised in that said folding propeller comprises two, three or four individual blades, each blade having a root comprising a gear engaging one or more other gears at other blade roots.
    [8] 8. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterised in that said hub comprises at least one compression cut out between said first set of holes for the pivot pins.
    [9] 9. A folding propeller according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterised in that said folding propeller comprises shock absorber means, said shock absorber means being arranged at one or more blade roots.
    [10] 10. Method for installing and/or adjusting a folding propeller according to the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the method comprises at least the following steps: - determining a too small or a too large clearance between a number of individual blades of a folding propeller; - activating the locking means that engages one pivot pin through another pivot pin, and either loosening or tightening said locking means; - determining that a proper clearance has been achieved.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3057864B1|2018-04-11|
    US10214269B2|2019-02-26|
    SI3057864T1|2018-09-28|
    DK178074B1|2015-05-04|
    DE14853620T1|2018-03-01|
    EP3057864A4|2017-08-09|
    EP3057864A1|2016-08-24|
    WO2015055210A1|2015-04-23|
    US20160272292A1|2016-09-22|
    PL3057864T3|2018-10-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US725097A|1903-02-02|1903-04-14|Arthur W Learnard|Propeller.|
    GB190801331A|1907-02-23|1908-04-02|Arthur Wyman Learnard|Improvements in Propellers.|
    SE392855B|1975-08-22|1977-04-25|S I Astrand|PROPELLERS WITH FOLDABLE BLADES|
    SE428197B|1978-06-27|1983-06-13|Volvo Penta Ab|BATTLE PROPELLERS WITH SWINGABLE LEAVES|
    US4424004A|1981-11-09|1984-01-03|United Technologies Corporation|End cap for a rotor shaft of a rotary machine|
    DK9400089U3|1994-02-22|1994-04-08|Jack Skrydstrup|Folding propeller, fixing shaft pins|
    US5403217A|1994-04-18|1995-04-04|Vosper; George W.|Folding blade propeller|
    AUPN617295A0|1995-10-25|1995-11-16|Tristream Propeller Company Pty Limited|An improved propeller|
    SE509770C2|1995-11-28|1999-03-08|Volvo Penta Ab|Propeller|GB201415491D0|2014-09-02|2014-10-15|Superprop Ltd|Propeller|
    DK179125B1|2016-02-18|2017-11-20|Flexofold Aps|Folding propeller|
    DK179393B1|2017-06-19|2018-05-28|Flexofold Aps|Foldable propeller and method for assembly|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DK201370583|2013-10-14|
    DK201370583A|DK178074B1|2013-10-14|2013-10-14|Folding propeller|DK201370583A| DK178074B1|2013-10-14|2013-10-14|Folding propeller|
    SI201430772T| SI3057864T1|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Folding propeller|
    US15/029,359| US10214269B2|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Folding propeller|
    DE14853620.4T| DE14853620T1|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Klappluftschraube|
    PL14853620T| PL3057864T3|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Folding propeller|
    EP14853620.4A| EP3057864B1|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Folding propeller|
    PCT/DK2014/050330| WO2015055210A1|2013-10-14|2014-10-14|Folding propeller|
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