• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The annular space around a tubular string has a shape memory material that is i a low profile configuration for run in After the desired position is obtained and the annulus has cement delivered to fill the annular space, the shape memory device is triggered to revert to an original shape that spans the annulus to seal the tubular and the wellbore sides of the annular space against gas imgration through the cement. The structures can have varying run iin shapes and can also have original shapes that when the material is triggered will act to displace cement to enhance its compaction on the lubular or the wellbore walil Combinations of shape memory alloys and polyrners are also contemplated to enhance the eal against gas migration.
    公开号:DK201200785A
    申请号:DKP201200785
    申请日:2012-12-12
    公开日:2012-12-12
    发明作者:Michael H Johnson；Matthew Thomas；Rosenblatt Steve
    申请人:Baker Hughes Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HELD ΐ) Ρ THE iNVEfffiOH J0Q01J The field of tiiis mventionris devices that niiatze of prevent gas migration through femeni in an annular space: mound a tabular -sx.ieadta | to a subterranean teat.i <: m.
    BOW <% GEOlJMD OFIME INVENTION THftdar strings Low been seated is drilled with cement. The setting can shrink and pull away around the tylmlaf on either side bf åa annular space near the ban phll away if a borehnle wail in an open bole <tementrag application, There ca n be other causes too such as incomplete mud cafe removal or incoihgtete drilling fitiid removal prior to peææiiSng. Subsidence and coisptaciion. Craefe pah later develops due to tectonic activities as well. The present invention focuses on gp migration through the set. Cement as opppsecl to midgatiM Of ciaeks or openings develt ^ ed afts * the cement is set. Gas migration through cement eaa be a dangerous situationand one of the discussed causes of the Deepwatp ijiaiizon accident in the Gulf of MemcOi: pOOSf Early · rifiriris to counteract gas: migration in cement, dealt vritb: methods of deliveringthit cement Or the addition of additives to the fementast illustrated by; USF5, 3t756%: 5: 5: 03,227; 5,189,48¾ 6,936574: 7,050,129 and: 7,373,981.
    [0004] In a wholly nirudaMiEekl ofartiftciai Mp joints shape Memory stfacMreS desires to retain iifetion cement for the hip joint as described-in USE 6; 28iL477.
    [1¾¾ Other applications:; have involved pacfers. the: annular space that tedye channels before cement and use a variety of biasing devices to ggt the seal materia! of the packer against the borehole wall In IIS Publicaiibn 2010 / 01.26735 ElOS. 2 and 3 a base pipe 56 has support members 54 shat leave gaps in the annular space 38 ibr cement to pass ;. In the FIG. 2B embodies its member 54 is a shape memory material designed to apply an iftcrorøsntåi force to the swelling member 42 © ff bf die tabular S & to push against the formation 36 · Εν & η. as to the fatfoufe wall at 36 these are shorts. of this design oxygen prevention gas migration along foe borehole wall The swelling material e & h be damaged daring Mn is to foe point of openings developing: in the swelling layer. 1¼ cement in the- annular- space can. still pull away from the seal 42.eves, if all else fencdofts as planned if the smmeiit experiences shrinkage fori causes it to pull away hot only from foe spai 42 hue also from foe tab string: 54 1 «] Another attempt at. dealing with cement gas ftngratipn was m effort by Halliburton: to use rubber sleeves Often foe tabular exterior so that foe sleeves am in the annular space. The idea was to pump foe cement into foe annulus before ibe rubber rings swelled to hopefully span foe annulus: with foe hope that gas nrigratipa at the tabular eOuld be stopped: with a bonded: seal: of foe mhher and that foe sleeve would push the cement away as it swelled to the borehole wall before foe cement; set up The problem. with the design is that the foe swelling process was so slow foal foe cement would put ahead of the. swelling sleeve so that the foe outer diameter of the sleeve would never react foe borebolfe wall and foe same issues of gas inigrations would still be: there as foe. cement got to foe borehole wall and the sleeve outer diameter and. shrank: from both on .setting: tip, leaving open passages at both gas migration loads, Muliistafrte struetxtM members are described.in US! Publication 2009/0186194 [CM) Q8J The present invention addresses the issue of gas migration in a new way. It employs shape tpemory material structures that are secured to foe tubular: at. one end and that when reverting to aft: original shape, spann foe annular-space by displacing foe cement that has yet to set until contact with foe Open .hole or wellbore wall is Triads that puis the radiating eietnents of foe sixactare: under a compressive load to seal Or at feast iainimize gas Mgration between ^ opes. through, foe cement Optionally, foe shape memory or bistable; stfUGfttres can be covered in whole: or in part because of a swelling material. Those and other features of the present invention will be more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the description of the protested embodiment and the associated drawings' wife ao. ImdttastsrGfcag that the foil scope cl the invention is determined ftpis the appended. Senior Claims,
    SUMMARY OF TIlE.MVENXiON presents The .annular »pace around a tabular string has a shape memory material that is in a low |» ohk configuration for .ran in, Alter fee desired: posilion.is obtained and fee anmfejs has cement delivered to PI ! the annaiar space * die shape memory is triggered to an original shape that spans the arimstose: to seal the mbul & r from the wellbore sides of the annular space against gas. migration through, the cement. The straetores can have taiying / fus. in shapes and can:: aiso lisve original shapes that when the material is ttiggeiod will act to displace cement to enhance its compaction os the tubular or the wellbore wall. Combinations of shape memory alloys and polymers are also contemplated to enhance the seal against gas migration. An outer eqati ng of a swell material can be used, LETTER DESCRIPTION OF THE .BRAWM'Gfe [W1 @ | HG, 1 is a sectional view of a gas migration barrier during tun. in; FIG. 2 shows the gas migration barrier deployed; FIG. i shows deployment of the barrier that can start with the middle and progress to the opposite, ends to displace cement; FIG. 4; illustrates a capability cif tile barrier to act as; a slope to displace ceirtent into enhanced contact with the formation and the. tubular that define the annular space; ETG <'5 shows one configuration of: the gas migration harrier made up of parallel disks in the initial shape before rmt in; FIG. 6 is the view of FIG. 5 alter application of compression above the tfansmoh temperature and removal of heat: with compaction fosses still applied so that: a low profile shape- is maintained; FIG, 7 shows revCmion to the original shape at the formadqs when the tempemhire again crosses the teanshion temperature; [001 Tf FIG, § shows the use of solid rings or a coil. in., an: mittal condition before compaction to the. supporting tubular; [OQISjj HG. 9 'is the view of MG, 8 after cbfiipaerion at above the: transition. temiperahsre and .removal of the teat while still eompacUag to hold the 'low profile shape that &depicted; imwj HQ, 10 shows a. series of rings or a boil: where shape nteimay polymers are hacked by shape memory alloys before compaction at above the: • eriikal tent pemoro takes place; [0020] FiG, 11 Is the view of HQ, 10 after cMpaction. at above the transition temperature followed by removal of the bear while holding the compaction force to get a low profile before mn in; 10021] MG. 1.2 is the view of FIG. 11 when 'the transition temperaime is crossed sear ifte. formation; P022] MCI. 1.3 is an alternative embodiment in its original form of art-like simeture; FFG, 14 is the view of PIG. 13 after crossing the transition, tempering and applying a compressive force folio wed fry heat, removal while holding the compressive force to get a low profile of the gas migration barrier for η® in; Ρ024 | MG. ift is the view of FIG. 14 with the transition te-inpeMure crossed at the .formatioa and the child re porting to its original FIG, 13 shape; [002S1I MG. lb is an alternative embodiment Ιό FIG. 5 with a swelling; material around the projecting members and between the tutelar and the gas migration harrier; HQ, 17 is the view of FIG, 16 after the corhbined application of heat and compaction followed by removal of heat while maintaining compression to retain the illustrated shape; £ 003.¾ If G, 1: 8 is the view of HO. 17 after the addition of heat. at ifte: desired location so that the shape attempts to revert to the initial FIG. 16 shape and the swelling material Swells enhance the gas migration barrier perfection. BETAILED DBSCfelPTrøM OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT wm If G, 1. shows zones: 18 aMJ.2 of a.Toniiattpn where they are a borehole 16 which has a string 18, in this example being casing, and a gas urigraiioa device 20 in the armuiar space 22 that will be filled with cement or anoffier sealing inatefeal 24. in fee run in position the device 20 has a low profile annular shape, and is preferably made of a shape memory material. Of the available shape memory materials: an alloy is preferably preferred. Other iMieaals: that can be ran with a smaller profile, and fees converted to another shape or volume w> ils & stimulus added to tire bore 14 or oses fee -fluids in fee bore 14 can also be deployed such as bistable materials Triggered with a mechanical / impact or bending force, Bistable materials can be used in isolaricm as. a gas migration device or combfesed wife, shape memory materials to aid fee tpsisfbimaiiQn or fee shape feemoty device when revetting to original shape. P> 20] In MCI. 3 the exposure to well fluids has imparled enough heat, to fee device 2 © to alow it to revert to an original shape feat: is larger than its nan in shape so that contact wife the borehole wall .16 'is achieved while the cement 24 is pushed out of fee way. to this configuration, there is a seal to fee tubular 18 me fee borehole wall 16 by fee device 2®. 'I'he device 20 in the Fi.G. 2 configuration has Internal compressive stress fern pushing against fee borehole wall M on cine side and against the febtdar 18 on fee-opposite side. There are no issues of eemexte shrinkage: as the seal is made in a closed where the cement is displaced before it has had a chance to set up. As an alternative to fee use of the well fluids to get fee device 20 across its transition teaiperature so that it can revert. thaw in original shape ,; auxiliary heat You can be added to; initiate fee teatsfomtatioa and hiamtam it to the end position, iflusfrated in FIG. 2. Another available soutee · foi -heat, which is fee heat given off by fee cement as it sets or .horn reactions between or among ingredients or additives to fee cement M._ A shape memory allay for fee entire device 20 is preferred as alloys will create more compressive stress when abutting fee 'Wellbore wall M than for example a shape htoiMfy polymer. However, alloy and polymer, shape memory sizes can also be edited in single device or different compositions of alloys or polymers can be used in a single device as will be discussed below. jCMQ] HG. 3 is iMustrative of using a mix of materials ris trigger at temperatures to revert to an original shape so that the cement 24 can be more efficiently cleaned iroffi between trie growing device · "2 # and the wellbore wall IC free example HG, 3 shows a portion: .of & shape Mrinrery alloy 26 triggered to.revert to toe original shape .from the middle of the device 2d so that trie cement is initially pushed towards opposite ends as indicated by arrows 28 and 3®. temperature is increased to a higher level either using: the well .fluid or external ·, sources such as H, other segments such as 32 and 34 will start- in seguenee to change shape and any cement 24 between those segments and the wellbore: wall 16 will be pushed Out beyond ;, the opposite ends of the device 28 in the three directions of arrows 2§ and 38.
    HO. 4 illustrates a different application of Materials that revest to ait. original shape at differing transition temperatures. In case the segment M moves · .first and acts as a piston on the cement 24 to drive it to ward the weilbore wall 16. Ultimately on reaching an even higher logger temperature, Trie Segment 3S will begin to revert to its original shape , winch i. not necessarily the same as the. original shape of segment 36. Those skilled in the aft will appreciate that the shape change on reversion triggered by crossing, the mansitton. iemperatoxe can involve change in volume to some degree as well as a more dramatic change in shape ·. In this example, the pressure at the ereritetii; 24 is raised: by the device 26. Arrow 46 indicates that there is a one way flow of cement 24. into the annulus- 22 usually through & cement shoe that .as efieefc valves to prevent cement backflow. Thus the use of device 20 as a piston is also operative to reduce gas migration · through trie cement 24 even without ibrefeg out tire cement from trie enrire length of device 2ft: P032 | MG, 5 illustrations a: design with: an atearilarfy shaped hub 42 secured to an outer surface of a tubular string. J.å -with a scries of discs. 44 having.an Outer end 46. When this shape is reverted, to the desired location it is intended that the ends; 46 'engage the fermation suck as 11) or 12 to a less where toe disc ends 46 are compressed, arid even. slightly Misshaped as shown in FIG-. 7, The shapes 44 can be equally spaced, sr randomly spaced. The: outer, shape ai 46 eaa. be circular oar xeet & ngular or another shape designed to make .fully circtonferenti & l confect; witii the wellbore tQ upon shape reversion when crossing the transition temperature, tire original shape of MG. § has: to be seduced in profile fcroftjjiBg in to the FIG. 7 location. This is done by applying.-Compression- while increasing the built-in temperature of the device to above the transition temperature and then holding the compressive fereg while teduemg the tpmphrstars Of the device 20 .. la the Ρΐϋ .. 6 eoftbgursdan, the extending iriembérs " have bees flaitened into an. essentially anuu'kr shape with a. fairly low profile when comparing it to toeorigMd shape. Note that its extending member shapes are still diseemshle in FiCi 6 even though the overall pxrrfhehas bee «greatly reduced forruxv in. The benefit of minimized damage to the device 2 clearly is clearly understood as a comparison of litesc MGS. Application of heat .from whatever sotitoe results in HG. 7 of .a tevmim. to the MG, 5 shape. Tie fact that there is some distortion at the ends 46 reflects that the wellbore 16 may not let each shape fully extend to its original dimension thus ioxcing some: of the ends and preferably all the ends 46 into.some degree of deformation indicative of the annulu s 22 has been -Spanned 'by a shape memory material arid that a gas migration seal is in place against the tubular island: the borehole 1-6.
    [@ 023] FIGS. 1.6-18 are not alternative embodiments of FIGS, 5-7 with the difference being the addition of a cover of a: swelling material 4S on the shapes 44 and Stefr ends 46, Another layer of a «welling: material 47 can. ' placed between die iiikriar IS and the hub 42, Bveti With the addition of the swelling material 47 thfe hub 42 can Still be affixed to the tabular li: with fasteners or by welding. The, swelling material. 4S .and 47 can be eoatiiiuoos m wholly envelop the shape illustrated or it. can be segmental arid applied in IqcaiiMs where it will have the most impact such as at: the fends 46 is as one or more rings up against the'tubular IS. As before, the origiHal position of BIG, 16 is altered with temperatures above the trarisition point arid coriprission followed by mmoval of heat while maintaining com press ton to hold the shape of FIG. 17 for a le w profile for 'running In. When the desired location as shown in FIG. 1: 8 heat frorii well fluids: ori'and another siMuIus such as impact dr beading will'cause te; gas migration barrier to reverse .to the 'FIG. 16 shape with some distortion as riiown in MG: 19 against die borehole wall 16 as ilie shape retains, compressive stress: get in touch. · The tubular Jg aod fie boréhblé wail 16. The well fluids or added 'fluids: will also cause the swelling material such as rubber to chaiige shape or volume both: at the tubular 18 apd the wellbfori: wall M io compensate for my tendency of the cement to pell 'away as, it .forireks.slightly · wiren setting up. Other swelling materials that swell in the presence of hydrocarbons or water are also coftteihpkted. 19034] FIG. 8 illustrates the use of: a stack of rings or a coiled spring -48: in an initial: coafigiiiation rising a shape memory material and Hø. 9 is the lower profile efotfigurarion for run m that is obtained, with compression at above the transition temperature so that an. annular cylindrical shape is ohiusaeG Heat applied with the expression force sjiU applied will result in retention of FIG. 9 shape until half is applied; from whatever source and device 20 is at proper location. At that time the shape will revert to the MG. 8 shape but the .rings 48 will probably not fully assume: the original FIG. 8 shape. IX is preferred that some defonmiikm of the rings, or coil 48 take place so that foe shape or shapes can be compressed to form a gas migratioa sea! or at least impinging structure in the cemented aretulns in which the rings or coil 48 are disposed, wm FIG. 10 is a variation eh FIG,% in that: the rings or coil 511 are a composite streeture with a shape memory alley ifoenraljy at, SI and a shape: memory polymer orefoe outside at 54. As before the FIG. 11 position is foe low profile position for pure in am FIG, 1% position is affef heat is. applied at the desired location in ibe borehole 16. Hole: foal the alloy creates foe compressive strength on reversion .of shape- into contact: with the wellbore. On. Add another .hand: the: polymer & qii reversion to the original shape of FIG. 10 so that it acts as a scaling material that is more readily1 spread by tire compressive stress created by foe alloy core S2, While a hollow center 56 is "used, to reduce the required energy Si force the initial shape change: and: tø facilitate foe .reversion to the .original shape, a solid center 56 is: also .envisioned.
    HGS: 33-15 sho w afio & er variation of an ini d al angular shape 58 which is secured at: to the tabular IB and has a eåsdieve-ted free end 62 spaced from the tabular 18,. AiteriMiyely, the {foe eM: & 2 cJm be secured to the tubular 18. If beforo the transition temperatures; · is crossed with application d • o Mpressive force to. attain the annoim cylinder shape of MC>. 14 followed by heat removal while. behålla. foe compressive foice: so that foe M. 14 shape & obtained. In I wdis® 1: € where heat. & added ίο: foe shape to get the shape above foe transition temperature, result is the bent porti on ¢ 4 péBetftites foe wellbore 16 thereby providing a. gas migration seal to foe ceiaent 24 by · voltage from, tire tubular M to foe wellbore wall 16 while displacing: foe cemnni.:24 from die contact location, with foe wellbore 16. POST] Those skilled in. the art will appreciate: that foe present invents on in its various sphobodinienis allows for a low profile for rim in so foaf foe gas migration device is not likely to be damaged and is ability to change sh ape and / or volume to spa an annular cemented space before the cement sets so that it can: fonctfon to slow down or © Himaate gas tnigrotion. The fact that the cement shrinks when sotting is not a factor in the operation of foe device that spans foe annular gap despite .foe presence; of cement While a shape rnempty alloy is profiled the entire device can be a composite of different alloys with stages: transition temperatures so that portions of foe device can. Deploy a predetermined sequence so as to more effectively push the cement; out of the way before contact with foe fomiaiiph is initiated Tire device can also act as a piston to apply a compressive force to the cement to pash some of: foe: ceméM into foe borehole Wall in formations with fiactutos or apertures aad at the same time : to haye foe device spaa tire annular space so that gas migration can also be retarded or halted by foe device; While vrtiaiicms of foe. device mb shown in foe drawings in a single location, multiple ioeatfons are contemplated At each fixation, fog design can be a single shape initially or a plurality of adjacent shapes that can be compressed Into a single shape when above the transition, temperature to get the desired low profile shape. Gorabingtions of alloys and polymers or alloys and foams are contemplated to: take advantage of a compressive force that an alloy can ornament when
    Iraosiiiorang back to an obgisal shape .aaid the ipolymer thai gets safer as. revealing an original shape so that if you can add the sealing eapaMIty at: ilio borehole wall. Mtexnaiiyely, -sharp angles such as M BIOS. 005 can be used eitherβ either a cantilevered design or ass supported at mtahiple locations to: *: e iiiholar sining.
    [§§3SJ The above description is illiistratiye of. the preferred embodiment and many modilicatiom may fee made by those employed in the. without departing from the invention, the scope is to be de fi ned in the literal and equivalent scope of the claims below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (27)
    [1] 1. A gas migration control device for an annular space surrounding a tubular in a subterranean location defined by a borehole wall, comprising: a tubular having an outer surf ace; a gas migration control device mounted to said outer surface that has a smaller dimension for facilitating insertion to the subterranean location and a larger dimension spanning said annular space with the transition to the larger dimension selectively triggered when said annular space in the vicinity of said control device is substantially full with a scaling material so that the device displaces the sealing material in making contact with the borehole wall to at least impede gas migration through said sealing material in said annular space.
    [2] 2. Idle device of claim 1, wherein: said selective triggering is an application of heatto said device.
    [3] 3. The device of claim 1, wherein: said control device comprises at least one shape memory material.
    [4] 4. The device of claim 1, wherein: said selective triggering comprises using heat from well fluid.
    [5] 5. The device of claim 1, wherein: said selective, triggering comprises using heat added to the subterranean location.
    [6] 6. The device of claim 5, wherein: at least some of said added heat conies from setting up of the sealing material.
    [7] 7. The device of claim 1, wherein: portions of the device are triggered at different temperatures than other portions of the device.
    [8] 8. The device of claim 3, wherein: said device comprises shape memory polymer mounted over shape memory alloy such that upon triggering said shape memory polymer engages the borehole wall.
    [9] 9. Tlie device of claim 3, wherein: said device is sealing ly secured to said tubular in said smaller and said larger dimensions.
    [10] 10. 'Hie device of claim 9, wherein: said device comprises an annular cylindrical shape in said small dimension and a base annular cylindrical shape willi a plurality of radially extending members when triggered, said extending members engaging the wellbore wall sueh that a compressive stress is generated within said extending members.
    [11] 11. The device of claim 10, wherein: said extending members have a rounded outer periphery and substantially parallel orientation with substantially equal axial spacing.
    [12] 12. 'lhe device of claim 9, wherein: said device comprises an annular cylindrical shape in said small dimension and an angular- shape having an intermediate point in said larger dimension.
    [13] 13. The device of claim 12, wherein: said angular shape has opposed ends with at least one end affixed to said tubular.
    [14] 14. lire device of claim 13, wherein: said intermediate point engaging the borehole wall so that between said end affixed Lo said tubular and said point gas migration through tire sealing material is at least impeded.
    [15] 15. The device of claim 3, wherein: said device in said larger dimension comprises a plurality of rings or a coiled shape and a hollow or a solid core.
    [16] 16. The device of claim 15, wherein: said rings or coil further comprising a core of shape memory alloy covered by shape memory polymer willi said shape memory polymer contacting and being deformed and carrying a compressive stress by said contact when said transition to said larger dimension occurs.
    [17] 17. The device of claim 7, wherein: said device initially displaces sealing material from an inner location out toward at least one of .said ends.
    [18] 18. "Fite device of claim 3, wherein: said device axially displaces the sealing material to increase the contact pressure of the sealing material to the borehole wall past one end of said device while at least a portion of said device spans said annular space to engage the borehole wall.
    [19] 19. 'The device of clai m 1, wherein: said selective triggering comprises an application of a force to said device.
    [20] 20. dire device of claim 19, wherein: wherein said control device is made at least in part of a bistable material.
    [21] 21. The device of claim 20, wherein: said control device is at least in part made of a shape memory alloy.
    [22] 22. I lie device of claim 3, wherein: said control device comprises a swelling material on an outer periphery thereof.
    [23] 23. The device of claim 22, wherein: said swelling material covers said control device at least in part and is positioned for contact with the borehole wall.
    [24] 24. The device of claim 23, wherein: said swelling material is disposed against said tubular.
    [25] 25. The device of claim 10, wherein: said extending members comprise a swelling material on an outer periphery thereof.
    [26] 26. The device of claim 25, wherein: said swelling material covers said extending members at least in part and is positioned for contact with the borehole wall.
    [27] 27. The device of claim 26, wherein: said swelling material is disposed against said tubular and said base annular shape.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB2494589B|2017-04-12|
    AU2011271486B2|2014-07-17|
    CN102959178B|2016-01-20|
    AU2011271486A1|2013-01-10|
    GB2494589A|2013-03-13|
    NO20121485A1|2013-03-19|
    BR112012033655A2|2017-01-10|
    US8800649B2|2014-08-12|
    CA2804028C|2015-05-26|
    CA2804028A1|2012-01-05|
    WO2012003196A2|2012-01-05|
    CN102959178A|2013-03-06|
    GB201223070D0|2013-02-06|
    WO2012003196A3|2012-03-01|
    EG26982A|2015-03-01|
    US20120000648A1|2012-01-05|
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    法律状态:
    2014-02-10| PHB| Application deemed withdrawn due to non-payment or other reasons|Effective date: 20130630 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US83003910|2010-07-02|
    US12/830,039|US8800649B2|2010-07-02|2010-07-02|Shape memory cement annulus gas migration prevention apparatus|
    US2011042278|2011-06-29|
    PCT/US2011/042278|WO2012003196A2|2010-07-02|2011-06-29|Shape memory cement annulus gas migration prevention apparatus|
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