• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    method and composition for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium. the invention provides methods and compositions for improving a foam flotation type separation. the method uses a microemulsion to improve the effectiveness of a collector. the improvement allows, at low doses of collector, to work just as well as in larger quantities of non-microemulsified collector.
    公开号:BR112016007177B1
    申请号:R112016007177-8
    申请日:2014-09-29
    公开日:2021-06-29
    发明作者:James Adrian Counter；John D. Kilde
    申请人:Ecolab Usa Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Fundamentals of the Invention
    [001] The invention relates to new methods, compositions, and apparatus to improve the effectiveness of foam flotation beneficiation processes. In a beneficiation process, two or more materials that coexist in a mixture (the fines) are separated from each other using chemical and/or mechanical processes. Often, one of the materials (the beneficiary) is more valuable or desired than the other material (the denim).
    [002] As described, for example, in US Patents 4,756,823, 5,304,317, 5,379,902, 7,553,984, 6,827,220, 8,093,303, 8,123,042 , and in US Published Patent Applications 2010/0181520 A1 and 2011/0198296, and US Patent Application 13/687,042, one form of beneficiation is foam flotation separation. Commonly, flotation uses the difference in the hydrophobicity of the respective components. The components are introduced into the flotation apparatus sparged with air to form bubbles. The hydrophobic particles preferentially stick to the bubbles, causing them to float on top of the device. Floating particles (the concentrate) are collected, dehydrated and accumulated. Less hydrophobic particles (the waste) tend to migrate to the base of the device, from where they can be removed.
    [003] Two common forms of flotation separation processes are direct flotation and reverse flotation. In direct flotation processes, the concentrate is the beneficiary and the residues are the gangue. In reverse flotation processes, a gangue constituent is made to float in the concentrate and the beneficiary remains behind in the suspension. The purpose of flotation is to separate and recover as much of the valuable constituent(s) from the fine as possible, in as high a concentration as possible, which is then made available for further downstream processing steps.
    [004] Foam flotation separation can be used to separate solids from solids (such as mine ore constituents) or liquids from solids or from other liquids (such as bitumen separation from of oily sands). When used on solids, foam separation also often includes having the solids crushed (milled by such techniques as dry milling, wet milling, and the like). After the solids have been crushed, they are more easily dispersed in the suspension and small hydrophobic particles can more easily adhere to the spray bubbles.
    [005] There are a number of additives that can be added to increase the efficiency of a foam flotation separation. Collectors are additives that adhere to the surface of concentrate particles and improve their overall hydrophobicity. Gas bubbles then preferentially adhere to the hydrophobized concentrate and it is more easily removed from the suspension than are other constituents, which are less hydrophobic or are hydrophilic. As a result, the collector efficiently pulls particular constituents out of the suspension, while the remaining residues that are not modified by the collector remain in the suspension. Examples of collectors include oily products such as fuel oil, tar oil, animal oil, vegetable oil, fatty acids, fatty amines, and hydrophobic polymers. Other additives include foaming agents, promoters, regulators, modifiers, depressants (deactivators) and/or activators, which improve the selectivity of the flotation step and facilitate the removal of the concentrate from the suspension.
    [006] The performance of collectors can be improved by using modifiers. Modifiers can either increase collector adsorption onto a given mineral (promoters), or prevent the collector from adsorbing onto a mineral (depressants). Promoters are a wide variety of chemicals that, in one or more ways, improve the effectiveness of collectors. One way promoters work is by improving the dispersion of the collector within the suspension. Another way is to increase the adhesive strength between the concentrate and the bubbles. A third way is by increasing the selectivity of what sticks to the bubbles. This can be achieved by increasing the hydrophilic properties of materials selected to remain within the suspension, these are commonly referred to as depressants.
    [007] Foaming agents or foamers are chemicals added to the process, which have the ability to change the surface tension of a liquid, so that the properties of the spray bubbles are modified. Foamers can act to stabilize air bubbles so that they will remain well dispersed in the suspension, and will form a stable foam layer that can be removed before the bubbles burst. Ideally, foamers should not enhance the flotation of unwanted material and the foam should have a tendency to comminute when removed from the flotation apparatus. Collectors are typically added before sparkling wines and they both need to be such that they do not chemically interfere with each other. Commonly used foamers include pine oil, aliphatic alcohols such as MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol), polyglycols, polyglycol ethers, polypropylene glycol ethers, polyoxyparaffins, cresylic acid (Xylenel), commercially available alcohol blends such as those produced by from the production of 2-ethylhexanol and any combination thereof.
    [008] Because the collectors adhere to the surfaces of the concentrate particles, their effectiveness is dependent on the nature of the interactions that occur between the collectors and the concentrate particles. Unfortunately, contradictory principles of chemistry are at work in foam flotation separation, which lead to difficulties in such interactions. Because foam flotation separation depends on separation between more hydrophobic and more hydrophilic particles, the suspending medium often includes water. Because, however, many commonly used collectors are properly hydrophobic, they do not disperse well in water, which makes their interactions with concentrate particles difficult or suboptimal.
    [009] One method that has been used to better disperse immiscible collectors in water in suspension is through the use of chemical agents, such as emulsifiers, to disperse the collector in the suspension as an oil-in-water type emulsion. Unfortunately, here too, contradictory chemistry has made this attempt difficult. To make oil-in-water emulsions stable, sufficient quantities of emulsifiers must be used to cover the surface of oil droplets with a residual hydrophobic portion and the aqueous phase with a hieroglyphic group. However, when used in these quantities, emulsifiers reduce the hydrophobicity of the collector, thus defeating the entire purpose of being a collector. As a result, the water-immiscible collector performance remains degraded either because of poor dispersion or because of impaired hydrophobicity. In addition, the use of sufficient emulsifiers to disperse collectors often causes interference with other additives (foaming agents in particular).
    [0010] Thus, it is clear that there is definite utility in improved methods, compositions, and apparatus for applying collectors to the suspension by foam separation. The technique described in this section is not intended to constitute an admission that any patent, publication or other information referred to herein is "prior art" with respect to this invention, unless specifically designated as such. In addition, this section should not be interpreted to mean that a survey has been done or that there is no other pertinent information as defined in 37 CFR § 1.56(a). Brief Summary of the Invention
    [0011] At least one embodiment of the invention is directed to a method for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium. The method comprises the steps of: preparing stable microemulsion with a collector, a surfactant (optionally also with a cosurfactant) and water, and combining this microemulsion with the medium, fines, and other additives, and removing concentrate from the suspension by spraying the suspension .
    [0012] The microemulsion can improve the efficiency of the foam separation process. More concentrate can be removed than if a larger amount of collector has been used in a form other than microemulsion. The microemulsion may comprise a continuous phase which is water and a dispersion phase. The microemulsion as a whole by weight may consist of: 1-99% water, combined with: 150% of a collector component such as diesel, 1-20% fatty acid, 1-25% current residual from combination of alcohols derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, and 1-10% potassium hydroxide.
    [0013] The microemulsion as a whole, by weight, may consist of: 1-99% water, combined with: 1-50% of a collector component such as paraffin oil, 1-20% fatty acid , 1-25% residual alcohol combination stream derived from 2-ethyl hexanol production, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, and 1-10% potassium hydroxide.
    [0014] The suspension may comprising an ore containing an item selected from the list consisting of: copper, gold, silver, iron, lead, nickel, cobalt, platinum, zinc, coal, barite, calamine, feldspar, fluoride, oxides of heavy metals, talc, potassium, phosphate, iron, graphite, kaolin clay, bauxite, pyrite, mica, quartz, sulfide ore, complex sulfide ore, non-sulfide ore, and any combination thereof.
    [0015] The collector may be one that does not remain in a stable emulsion state unless in a microemulsion form.
    [0016] Additional features and advantages are described here, and will be apparent from the following detailed description of the drawings.
    [0017] A detailed description of the invention is hereinafter described, with specific reference being made to the drawings, in which:
    [0018] Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the effectiveness of the invention.
    [0019] For the purposes of this description, the same reference numbers in the figures shall refer to the same features, unless otherwise indicated. The drawings are only an illustration of the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments illustrated. Detailed Description of the Invention
    [0020] The following definitions are provided to determine how the terms used in this application, and in particular how the claims, are to be interpreted. The organization of definitions is for convenience only and is not intended to limit any of the definitions to any particular category.
    [0021] "Collector" means a composition of matter that selectively adheres to a particular constituent of the fine and facilitates the adhesion of the particular constituent to the microbubbles that result from the spraying of a suspension carrying fines.
    [0022] “Comminuted” means powdered, pulverized, ground, or otherwise placed into fine solid particles.
    [0023] "Concentrate" means the portion of fine that is separated from the suspension by flotation and collected within the foam layer.
    [0024] "Consisting Essentially of" means that the methods and compositions may include additional steps, components, ingredients or the like, but only if the additional steps, components and/or ingredients do not materially change the basic and novel characteristics of the methods and claimed compositions.
    [0025] "Fine" means a composition of matter that contains a mixture of a more desired material, the beneficiary, and a less desired material, denim.
    [0026] "Sparkling" or "Foaming Agent" means a composition of matter that enhances the formation of microbubbles and/or preserves the formed microbubbles having the hydrophobic fraction, which result from the suspension spray.
    [0027] "Microemulsion" means a dispersion comprising a continuous phase material, substantially uniformly dispersed, within which are droplets of a dispersed phase material, the droplets are sized in the range of approximately 1 to 100 nm, usually 10 to 50 nm.
    [0028] "Suspension" means a mixture comprising a liquid medium, within which the fines (which may be liquids and/or finely divided solids) are dispersed or suspended, when suspension is spread, the residues remain in the suspension and at least some of the concentrate adheres to the spray bubbles and rises out of the suspension and goes into the foam layer above the suspension, the liquid medium may be entirely water, partially water, or it may contain no water at all.
    [0029] "Stable Emulsion" means an emulsion, in which droplets of a material dispersed in a supporting fluid that would otherwise fuse to form two or more phase layers are repelled from each other by an energy barrier, the energy barrier may be higher than that, as low as 20 kT or lower, repulsion may have a half-life of a few years. Permitted descriptions of stable emulsions and emulsions are found, in general, in Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Fourth Edition, volume 9, and in particular on pages 397-403, and Emulsions: Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition, by Paul Becher, Oxford University Press, (2001).
    [0030] "Surfactant" and "Cosurfactant" is a broad term that includes anionic, nonionic, cationic, and amphoteric ionic surfactants, a cosurfactant is an additional one or more surfactants present with a distinct first surfactant that acts in addition to the first surfactant , to further reduce or reduce the surface tension of a liquid. Other permitted descriptions of surfactants and cosurfactants are found in Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, volume 8, pages 900-912, and in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
    [0031] "Sprinkling" means the introduction of gas into a liquid for the purpose of creating a plurality of bubbles that migrate upwards in the liquid.
    [0032] In the event that the above definitions or a description found elsewhere in this application is inconsistent with a meaning (explicit or implied) that is commonly used in a dictionary, or found in a source incorporated by reference in this application, the application and the terms of the claims, in particular, are intended to be interpreted in accordance with the definition or description in that application, and not in accordance with the common definition, dictionary definition, or the definition which has been incorporated by reference. In light of the above, where a term can only be understood if it is interpreted by a dictionary, if the term para is defined by the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th Edition, (2005), (Published by Wiley, John & Sons, Inc.), this definition shall govern how the term is to be defined in the claims.
    [0033] In at least one embodiment, a foam flotation separation process is improved by adding an inventive composition to a suspension. The composition comprises a collector, a solvent (such as water and/or another solvent) and one or more surfactants (optionally with one or more cosurfactants) and is in the form of a microemulsion. In at least one modality, the collector is added in an amount that is insufficient to effectively increase the adhesion of the concentrate to the bubbles on its own or only at a rate less than desired. However, because it is dispersed in the form of a microemulsion, the composition enhances the adhesion of the bubble-concentrate much more effectively.
    [0034] The composition not only improves concentrate recovery, but increases fine selectivity, increasing the beneficiary ratio and reducing the proportion of gangue in the concentrate. While effective in many forms of beneficiation, the invention is particularly effective in coal flotation.
    [0035] A microemulsion is a dispersion comprising a continuous-phase material dispersed within which are droplets of a dispersed-phase material. Droplets are sized in the range of approximately 1 to 100 nm, usually 10 to 50 nm. Because of the extremely small droplet size, a microemulsion is isotropic and thermodynamically stable. In at least one embodiment, the composition comprises materials which, if dispersed in droplets larger than the microemulsion size, would not be thermodynamically stable and would separate into two or more discrete phase layers. In at least one embodiment, the continuous phase material comprises water. In at least one embodiment, the dispersed phase material and/or the continuous phase material comprises one or more hydrophobic materials. In at least one embodiment, the microemulsion is as described in Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011), by Stanislaw Slomkowski et al., Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol. 83 Issue 12, pp. 22292259 (2011).
    [0036] In at least one embodiment, the microemulsion is sufficiently stable for storage and transport before being added to the suspension. In at least one modality, the microemulsion is stable for at least 1 year. In at least one embodiment, because the droplets are so small, hydrostatic forces, which would otherwise coalesce larger droplets into the phase layers, currently hold the microsize droplets in place, thus making the microemulsion highly stable and highly effective.
    [0037] Without being limited to a particular theory of the invention and in particular to the interpretation of the claims, it is believed that by forming a microemulsion, the properties of the collector are fundamentally changed. One effect is that the microemulsion increases the surface area of the dispersed phase collector and thus increases its effectiveness by increasing the number of interactions between the collector and the fine. This has the effect of more tightly forming and more selectively binding the concentrate to the bubbles than would otherwise be the case.
    [0038] Although some microemulsions can form spontaneously, when they form, the selection of their components and their relative amounts are very critical for their formation, their final characteristics, such as optical appearance, and organoleptic and thermodynamic time stability. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to convert a collector composition into a microemulsion. Many collectors are innately hydrophobic and will tend to coalesce and phase out. In addition, many emulsifying agents will either not form the appropriately sized droplet or will inhibit collector effectiveness. As a result, the following microemulsion collectors forming the composition are surprisingly effective.
    [0039] In at least one modality, the microemulsion composition comprises: 1-99% water, combined with: 1-50% diesel, 1-25% fatty acid, 1-50% of a mixture of alcohols that is from residual stream from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, and 110% potassium hydroxide. The fatty acid can be oleic acid.
    [0040] In at least one embodiment, the microemulsion composition comprises: 1-99% water, combined with: 1-50% paraffin oil, 1-25% fatty acid, 1-50% of a mixture of alcohols that is from the waste stream from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, and 1-10% potassium hydroxide. The fatty acid can be oleic acid.
    [0041] In at least one embodiment, the composition comprises less than 32% water.
    [0042] In at least one embodiment, the composition comprises a mixture of diesel with paraffin oil.
    [0043] When 2-ethyl hexanol is synthesized, a residual current is produced. For example, as described in Chinese Patent Publication CN 101973847 B, the residual current could include, but is not limited to, 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyd ethers , alkyl ethers, aliphatic hydrocarbons, C12H24O and C12H22O pyrans, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals. Some or all of the constituents of this residual stream can be used in the inventive composition. A number of commercially available formulations of this blend of alcohols are available for sale.
    [0044] In at least one embodiment, the composition added to a suspension contains one or more materials or is added in accordance with, or in conjunction with, one or more of the processes described in one or more of: Canadian Patent Application CA 2150216 A1, British Patent Application GB 2171929 A, and The use of reagents in coal flotation, by Laskowski, JS; et al., Processing of Hydrophobic Minerals and Fine Coal, Proceedings of the UBC-McGill Bi-Annual International Symposium on Fundamentals of Mineral Processing, 1st, Vancouver, BC, August, 20-24, 1995 (1995), pp. 191-197. In at least one embodiment, the invention is used alongside, and/or in conjunction with, one or more of the embodiments described in the US Patent Application having the same filing date as this application, an agent document number of PT10122US01 , and titled SPARKLINGS FOR MINERAL COLLECTION.
    [0045] In at least one modality, the dosage range for the microemulsion collector in the suspension would be > 0 - 500 ppm of active collector.
    [0046] In at least one modality, the microemulsion is applied to any one or more of the following processes: beneficiation of ore that contains: copper, gold, silver, iron, lead, nickel, cobalt, platinum, zinc, coal, barite, calamine, feldspar, fluoride, heavy metal oxides, talc, potassium, phosphate, iron, graphite, kaolin clay, bauxite, pyrite, mica, quartz, and any combination thereof, sulfide ores including, but not limited to copper, gold and silver, iron, lead, nickel and cobalt, platinum, zinc, complex sulfide ores, such as, but not limited to, copper-lead-zinc, ores other than sulfides, such as coal, barite, calamine, feldspar , fluoride, heavy metal oxides, talc, potassium, phosphate, iron, graphite and kaolin clay, and any combination thereof.
    [0047] In at least one modality, microemulsions form spontaneously when the components are placed together. As long as the components are in the correct proportion, the mixture can be optically clear and/or can be thermodynamically stable. Thus, its production can be reduced to simple kneading, without the need for costly mixing in terms of high energy. Also, microemulsions are often not incident to separation or sedimentation, which can result in their long storage stability. In at least one embodiment, only gentle mixing is required to restore the microemulsion, if it was previously frozen.
    Representative surfactants/cosurfactants useful in the invention include, but are not limited to polyoxyalkylene homopolymers and copolymers; mono- and polyhydric, straight-chain or branched aliphatic or aromatic alcohols and their monomeric, oligomeric, or polymeric alkoxylates; salts of C8-C35 fatty acids, unsaturated or saturated, branched or straight chain; di and tri propylene glycol; polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol ethers and glycol ethers, and any combination thereof.
    [0049] In at least one embodiment, the microemulsion is an oil-in-water type microemulsion.
    [0050] In at least one embodiment, the microemulsion is a water-in-oil type microemulsion.
    [0051] In at least one modality, the microemulsion is one or more among one: Winsor I type microemulsion, Winsor II type microemulsion, Winsor III type microemulsion, and any combination thereof.
    [0052] The composition can be used together with, or in the absence of, a sparkling wine. It can be added to a suspension before, after, or simultaneously with the addition of a sparkling wine. It can be added before during or after spraying and/or beneficiation has started. The composition can be used with or in the absence of any foamers in any flotation process.
    [0053] Representative examples of collectors and methods of their use are described and may comprise at least one of the collector compositions and/or other compositions described in scientific documents: Application research on emulsive collector for coal flotation, by C.L. Han et al., Xuanmei Jishu, vol. 3 pages 4-6 (2005), The use of reagents in coal flotation, by JS Laskowski, Proceedings of the UBC-McGill BiAnnual International Symposium on Fundamentals of Mineral Processing, Vancouver, BC, CIMM, Aug, 20-24 (1995) , Effect of collector emulsification on coal flotation kinetics and on recovery of different particle sizes, by AM Saleh, Mineral Processing on the verge of the 21st Century, Proceedings of the International Mineral Processing Symposium, 8th, Antalya, Turkey, Oct. 16-18 , 2000, pp. 391-396 (2000), Application of novel emulsified flotation reagent in coal slime flotation, by W.W. Xie, Xuanmei Jishu, vol. 2 pp. 13-15 (2007), A study of surfactant/oil emulsions for fine coal flotation, by Q. Yu et al., Advance in Fine Particle Processing, Proc. Int. Symp. pp. 345-355, (1990), Evaluation of new emulsified floatation reagent for coal, by S.Q. Zhu, Science Press Beijing, vol. 2 pp. 1943-1950 (2008), Study on flotation properties of emulsified diesel oil, by W. Xie et al., Energy Procedia Vol. 14, pp. 750-755 (2012), and Chinese Patent Documents CN 101940981 A 20110112 and CN 85106071 A 19860110.
    [0054] In at least one modality, at least part of the collector is at least one item selected from the list consisting of: fatty acids, neutralized fatty acids, fatty acid esters, soaps, amine compounds, petroleum-based oily compounds (such as diesel fuels, decanted oils, and light cycle oils, kerosene or fuel oils), organic type collector, and any combination thereof.
    [0055] In at least one embodiment, the organic-type collector is a sulfur-containing material, which includes such items as xanthates, xanthogen formates, thionocarbamates, dithiophosphates (including sodium, zinc and other salts of dithiophosphates), and mercaptans (including mercaptobenzothiazole), ethyl octylsulfide, and any combination thereof.
    [0056] In at least one embodiment, the collector includes "extender oil", wherein at least one second collector is used to reduce the required dosage of at least one more expensive collector.
    [0057] In at least one modality, the emulsifier comprises at least one of the surfactants described in the scientific textbook Emulsions: Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition, by Paul Becher, Oxford University Press, (2001).
    [0058] In at least one embodiment, the surfactant is at least one item selected from the list consisting of: ethoxylated sorbitan esters (such as Tween 81 from Sigma Aldrich), soy lecithin, sodium stearoyl lactylate, DATEM (acid tartaric diacetyl) (monoglyceride ester), surfactants, detergents, and any combination thereof.
    [0059] In at least one modality, the following items are added to a suspension medium: the fines, collector, a surfactant forming microemulsion, and, optionally, a sparkling wine. Items can be added simultaneously or in any order possible. Any, some, or all of the items can be pre-mixed together before being added to the suspension medium. The suspending medium can be any liquid including, but not limited to, water, alcohol, aromatic liquid, phenol, azeotropes, and any combination thereof. Optionally, items can include one or more other additives. EXAMPLES
    [0060] The foregoing may be better understood by reference to the following examples, which are presented for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In particular, the examples demonstrate representative examples of principles innate to the invention and these principles are not strictly limited to the specific condition mentioned in these examples. As a result, it is to be understood that the invention encompasses various changes and modifications to the examples described herein and such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without diminishing its intended advantages. Therefore, such changes and modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
    [0061] Three samples of the collector microemulsion were prepared and tested. They have been applied to a coal ore beneficiation process in various quantities in the presence of a commercially available collector, MIBC. Its effectiveness compared to commercially available paraffin oil and diesel manifolds is shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. % Production is a measure of the amount of fines that have been removed as concentrate. % Ash is a measure of the amount of unwanted material that was present in the concentrate when the coal was burned. Dosage is an indication of the amount of composition that has been added. Only a small fraction of the composition was commercially available collector, this is indicated by the dosage of the active collector component.
    [0062] Sample I contained 10% commercially available refined paraffinic oil, 6% fatty acid, 15% surfactant 2-butoxy ethanol, 5% commercially available alcohol blend, a residual stream derived from the production of 2- ethyl hexanol, 5%, 63.2% water and 0.8% solid potassium hydroxide.
    [0063] Sample II contained 10% commercially available diesel, 7% fatty acid, 12% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, 5% commercially available alcohol blend, a waste stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, 5%, 63.5% water and 2.5% potassium hydroxide solution (45%) in water.
    [0064] Sample III contained 15% commercially available diesel, 7% fatty acid, 15% 2-butoxy ethanol surfactant, 5% commercially available alcohol blend, a waste stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, 5%, 55.5% water and 2.5% potassium hydroxide solution (45%) in water.
    [0065] Samples I, II, and III are examples that are representative of the general principle of converting any composition carrying collector to the form of a microemulsion and using this microemulsion as the collecting agent. Table 1

    [0066] The data demonstrates that a much smaller amount of active collector composition (as low as 5-50% or greater, or even less) is required to obtain the same or better effects than a much larger amount of collector, if the collector is added to the suspension in the form of a microemulsion. In addition, Figure 1 illustrates that the effectiveness of diesel and paraffin oil tends to stabilize at a certain dosage, suggesting that they have a maximum degree of effectiveness beyond which no amount of collector will improve. In contrast, the inventive compositions have a more linear efficacy to efficacy, suggesting that they can increase efficacy at dosages in which none of the prior art compositions will enhance efficacy.
    [0067] Although this invention may be incorporated in many different forms, specific preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail herein. The present description is an example of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments illustrated. All patents, patent applications, scientific documents, and any other referenced materials mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. Furthermore, the invention encompasses any possible combination of some or all of the various embodiments described herein and/or incorporated herein. In addition, the invention encompasses any possible combination that also specifically excludes any one or some of the various embodiments described herein and/or incorporated herein.
    [0068] The above description is intended to be illustrative and not exhaustive. This description will suggest many variations and alternatives to a person of common knowledge in this art. All such alternatives and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims, in which the term "comprising" means "including, but not limited to". Those familiar with the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein, which equivalents are also intended to be encompassed by the claims.
    [0069] All ranges and parameters described herein are intended to encompass any and all of the sub-ranges grouped here, and each number between the endpoints. For example, an indicated range of “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all of the sub-ranges between (and inclusive) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges that start with a minimum value of 1 or higher, (eg 1 to 6.1), and that end with a maximum value of 10 or lower, (eg 2.3 to 9, 4, 3 to 8.4 to 7), and finally for each number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 contained within the range. All percentages, ratios and proportions given herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.
    [0070] This completes the description of preferred and alternative embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein, which equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the claims appended herein.
    权利要求:
    Claims (23)
    [0001]
    1. Method for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium, the method comprising the steps of: combining a stable microemulsion, the medium, fines and optionally other additives, and removing concentrate from the suspension spray suspension, wherein the microemulsion comprises a continuous phase which is a support fluid and a dispersed phase, the microemulsion as a whole, by weight, is constituted by: 1-99% water, 1-50% of active collector, 125% fatty acid, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol, 1-25% residual alcohol combination residual stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, characterized in that it comprises one or more selected compounds from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyl ethers, alkyl esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, C12H24O and C12H22O pyrans, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals, and 1- 10% potassium hydroxide.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the microemulsion improves the efficiency of the foam separation process.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that more concentrate is removed than if a larger amount of collector is used in a form other than microemulsion.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microemulsion comprises a continuous phase which is water.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the active collector is selected from the list consisting of diesel, paraffin oil, kerosene, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, neutralized fatty acids, soaps, compounds of amine, petroleum-based oily compounds, decanted oils, light cycle oils, fuel oils, organic-type collector, and any combination thereof.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector is a sulfur-containing material selected from the list consisting of xanthates, xanthogen formates, thionocarbamates, dithiophosphates, sodium dithiophosphate salt, zinc dithiophosphate salt, mercaptans, mercaptobenzothiazole, ethyl octylsulfide, and any combination thereof.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuous phase is selected from the group consisting of: water, alcohol, aromatic liquid, phenol, azeotropes, and any combination thereof.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microemulsion additionally comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of: polyoxyalkylene homopolymers, polyoxyalkylene copolymers; straight chain polyhydric polymers, branched chain polyhydric polymers, salts of C8-C35 fatty acids, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol ethers, glycol ethers, and any combination thereof.
    [0009]
    9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension comprises an ore containing an item selected from the list consisting of: copper, gold, silver, iron, lead, nickel, cobalt, platinum, zinc, coal , barite, calamine, feldspar, fluoride, heavy metal oxides, talc, potassium chloride, phosphate, iron, graphite, kaolin clay, bauxite, pyrite, mica, quartz, sulfide ore, complex sulfide ore, non-ore be sulfide, and any combination thereof.
    [0010]
    10. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector does not remain in a stable emulsion state unless a form of microemulsion.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microemulsion comprises a surfactant together with at least one cosurfactant.
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector comprises only one or a combination of more active collector components.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microemulsion comprises a surfactant.
    [0014]
    14. Method for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium, the method comprising the steps of: combining a stable microemulsion, the medium, fines and optionally other additives, and removing concentrate from the suspension spray suspension, wherein the microemulsion comprises 8-15% paraffinic oil, 4-8% fatty acid, 10-18% 2-butoxy ethanol, 1-8% blended alcohols from a stream residue derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyl ethers, alkyl esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, C12H24O and C12H22O pyrans, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals, 60-70% water and 0.4-1.5% potassium hydroxide.
    [0015]
    15. Method for enhancing the performance of a collector in a foam flotation separation suspended in a medium, the method comprising the steps of: combining a stable microemulsion, the medium, fines and optionally other additives, and removing concentrate from the suspension spray suspension, wherein the microemulsion comprises 8-15% diesel, 4-10% fatty acid, 10-15% 2-butoxy ethanol, 1-7% alcohol blend from a residual stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyl ethers, esters alkyls, aliphatic hydrocarbons, pyrans C12H24O and C12H22O, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals, 50-65% water and 1-2% potassium hydroxide.
    [0016]
    16. A composition for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium, the composition comprising a stable collecting microemulsion, the medium, fines and optionally other additives, wherein the stable collecting microemulsion comprises a collector and 1-25% residual current from combination of alcohols derived from the production of 2-ethylhexanol, wherein the residual current is characterized by comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexan-1-ol , C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyl ethers, alkyl esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, C12H24O and C12H22O pyrans, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals.
    [0017]
    17. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that it additionally comprises 1-99% water, 1-50% collector, 1-25% fatty acid, 1-30% 2-butoxy ethanol and 1 -10% potassium hydroxide.
    [0018]
    18. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the collector is selected from the list consisting of diesel, paraffin oil, kerosene, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, neutralized fatty acids, soaps, compounds of amine, petroleum-based oily compounds, decanted oils, light cycle oils, fuel oils, organic-type collector, and any combination thereof.
    [0019]
    19. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the collector is a sulfur-containing material selected from the list consisting of xanthates, xanthogen formates, thionocarbamates, dithiophosphates, sodium dithiophosphate salt, zinc dithiophosphate salt, mercaptans, mercaptobenzothiazole, ethyl octylsulfide, and any combination thereof.
    [0020]
    20. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the microemulsion comprises 1-8% combination of alcohols from a residual stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol and 8-15% from the collector, in which the collector is a paraffin oil, and additionally comprises 60-70% water, 4-8% fatty acid, 10-18% 2-butoxy ethanol and 0.4-1.5% potassium hydroxide.
    [0021]
    21. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the microemulsion comprises 1-7% combination of alcohols from a residual stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol and 8-15% from the collector, in which the collector is diesel, and additionally comprises 50-65% water, 4-10% fatty acid, 10-15% 2-butoxy ethanol and 1-2% potassium hydroxide.
    [0022]
    22. Composition according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the suspension comprises an ore containing an item selected from the list consisting of: copper, gold, silver, iron, lead, nickel, cobalt, platinum , zinc, coal, barite, calamine, feldspar, fluoride, heavy metal oxides, talc, potassium chloride, phosphate, iron, graphite, kaolin clay, bauxite, pyrite, mica, quartz, sulfide ore, complex sulfide ore , non-sulfide ore, and any combination thereof.
    [0023]
    23. A method for enhancing the performance of a collector in a suspension foam flotation separation in a medium, the method comprising the steps of: combining a stable microemulsion, the medium, fines and optionally other additives to form a suspension; and removing concentrate from the suspension by spraying the suspension, wherein the microemulsion comprises a collector and 1-25% alcohol combination residual stream derived from the production of 2-ethyl hexanol, wherein the residual stream is characterized in that it comprises a or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, C12 and higher alcohols, C8 to C12 and higher diols, alkyl ethers, alkyl esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, C12H24O and C12H22O pyrans, aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic acetals .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CL2016000755A1|2016-09-23|
    ZA201703790B|2021-05-26|
    AU2014329821A1|2016-04-21|
    CA2926012A1|2015-04-09|
    AP2016009166A0|2016-04-30|
    ZA201602823B|2018-11-28|
    MX356213B|2018-05-18|
    US20150090666A1|2015-04-02|
    CN105612003A|2016-05-25|
    AU2017201128B2|2018-04-12|
    BR112016007177A8|2020-03-10|
    CA2926012C|2022-01-11|
    EP3052242A4|2017-06-07|
    CN105612003B|2018-01-23|
    US9266120B2|2016-02-23|
    RU2679765C2|2019-02-12|
    BR112016007177A2|2017-08-01|
    MX2016004272A|2016-06-23|
    AU2017201128A1|2017-03-09|
    EP3052242A1|2016-08-10|
    RU2016116924A|2017-11-10|
    AU2014329821B2|2017-03-30|
    CN107716115A|2018-02-23|
    WO2015050808A1|2015-04-09|
    CN107716115B|2019-08-16|
    PE20160768A1|2016-08-12|
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    法律状态:
    2019-12-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-22| B09W| Correction of the decision to grant [chapter 9.1.4 patent gazette]|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2626 DE 04/05/2021 |
    2021-06-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/09/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US14/042994|2013-10-01|
    US14/042,994|US9266120B2|2013-10-01|2013-10-01|Collectors for mineral flotation|
    PCT/US2014/057994|WO2015050808A1|2013-10-01|2014-09-29|Collectors for mineral flotation|
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