• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SWITCHING ELECTRIC COMPOSITE GLASS ARRAY. The invention relates to a switchable composite glazing arrangement, comprising at least: a first glazing (1), b. a second pane (2), and c. an intermediate layer (3) disposed between them, wherein the intermediate layer (3) has at least a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) and an SPD film (3b) disposed between the themselves, and d. an edge seal (4) disposed in the outer edge region (5) of the intermediate layer (3) containing a polyimide (PI) and / or polyisobutylene (PIB).
    公开号:BR112015001757B1
    申请号:R112015001757-6
    申请日:2013-06-28
    公开日:2021-03-02
    发明作者:Ingo Von Der Weiden；Andreas Sznerski；Franz PENNERS；Julius MENNIG
    申请人:Saint-Gobain Glass France；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to an arrangement of electrically switchable composite glazing, methods for producing it and its use as motorized and architectural vehicle glazing.
    [0002] Glazing that changes their light transmittance at the touch of a button and can thus change between a dark and transparent appearance is common in the art. In particular, many possibilities present themselves in the motor vehicle industry. In the height of summer and in strong sunlight, the passenger compartment can be very heated through the window openings. In addition, the driver may be blinded by the diffused light while driving. In particular, with motor vehicle roof glazing, the motor vehicle can be heated quickly and strongly in the summer. This heating of the motor vehicle interior has a negative impact not only on the driver's ability to concentrate and react, but also on increasing the motor vehicle's fuel and energy consumption to a non-insubstantial point.
    [0003] Several possibilities exist for regulating the light transmittance of a glass pane, for example, in electrochromic glazing or liquid crystal displays (LCDs).
    [0004] Document No. US 6,277,523 B1 describes the construction and operation of an electrochromic coating. Transparency for light of different wavelengths can be controlled and regulated by applying an electrical charge.
    [0005] Document No. JP 2008-025229 A1 discloses a system for changing the transmittance of light on double facades. This makes it possible to regulate the amount of incident light and, consequently, the amount of heat in the building. The transmittance control is controlled by nucleation processes, that is, formation of droplets of a gas in the intermediate layer.
    [0006] Document No. US 2004257649 A1 discloses a multi-part architectural glazing with an electrically switchable SPD film.
    [0007] Document No. US 2005/0227061 A1 discloses a method for producing and laminating an SPD film (suspended particle device). The real SPD film is laminated between adhesive films under the action of heat and vacuum.
    [0008] Document No. EP 2 010 385 B1 discloses a composite glazing with an intermediate layer of multiple layers. The intermediate layer contains at least three adhesive films, a layer with an infrared reflective function and an electrical device. This includes a device with a liquid crystal layer or an SPD film. The electrical device is arranged inside an indentation in an adhesive film.
    [0009] Document No. EP 2 013 013 B1 discloses a composite glazing with an intermediate layer of at least three layers thick. A middle middle layer forms the structure for an SPD film and is laminated together with an intermediate base layer and top intermediate layer. As a significant condition, intermediate layer materials do not contain plasticizer.
    [0010] A frequent problem with laminated glazing is the premature aging of intermediate films. Especially in conjunction with UV radiation from sunlight, penetrating moisture and oxygen can result in at least a superficial degradation of the adhesive film. Consequently, the quality of the edge seal has a major influence on the quality and long-term stability of the entire glazing. If there are additionally inorganic functional layers, in particular metallic functional layers, the aging of the intermediate layers increases significantly.
    [0011] Aging can not only affect the overall visual appearance of glazing, but can also significantly reduce functionality. In particular, in the region of the outer edges of the glazing, the glazing functionality can be significantly reduced. In the area of glazing with SPD films, this means that the color change is delayed in the edge region or may even be completely absent. In particular, when the voltage is not applied, the glazing appears increasingly bright in the edge region. This brightening effect can, over time, disperse over the entire glazing area.
    [0012] The aim of the invention is to provide an electrically switchable glazing with SPD film that has stability against high and long-lasting aging of the functional layer.
    [0013] The objective of the present invention is achieved according to independent claim 1. Preferred modalities emerge from the dependent claims.
    [0014] Two methods, according to the invention, to produce an electrically switchable glazing with SPD film and the use of it emerge from additional independent claims.
    [0015] The switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention comprises at least a first glazing, a second glazing and an intermediate layer disposed between them. The glazing preferably contains flat glass, flat glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass and / or mixtures thereof. Alternatively, the glazing can also include polymers such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate (Plexiglas). The intermediate layer contains at least a first thermoplastic polymer film and a second thermoplastic polymer film as well as an SPD film of electrically switchable variable transmittance arranged between them. SPD (suspended particle device) films and thin sheets contain colloidal particles in the preferred size range of less than 1 μm. The particles are suspended in a solution or, preferably, in a polymer matrix. In the absence of an electric field, the colloidal particles are arranged and oriented randomly in the medium. In this state, the incident light is absorbed or reflected; the SPD film looks dark and opaque. Upon application of an electric field, the colloidal particles become aligned. A beam of incident light can pass and the SPD film looks transparent. By varying the voltage, even a gradual change in the light transmittance of the SPD film is possible. A detailed description of SPD films is found, for example, in document No. US 2005/0227061 A1, in particular in [0004] to [0015], a method for laminating a windowpane with SPD film in [0016]. The thermoplastic polymer film preferably contains PVB (polyvinyl butyral) or EVA (polyethyl vinyl acetate). Optionally, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) without plasticizers and / or copolymers thereof, particularly preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can also be contained. An edge seal is arranged in the outer edge region, preferably the entire outer edge region of the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film. The edge seal, preferably as an insulating film, contains a polyimide (PI) and / or polyisobutylene (PIB).
    [0016] In the context of the invention, the term SPD film means a multilayer film in which the actual active SPD film is arranged congruently between at least one first and at least a second carrier film. The advantage of SPD films lies in the simple production of the switchable composite glazing arrangement. The SPD film can be prepared in relatively large quantities prior to the production of the glazing arrangement and, during production, it can simply be inserted into the composite, which is then laminated using conventional methods to form the composite glazing.
    [0017] The carrier films preferably contain at least one thermoplastic polymer, particularly preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The thickness of each carrier film is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.
    [0018] The edge seal preferably extends from the outer edge region of the SPD film of electrically switchable variable transmittance at least 1 mm towards the inner surface of the SPD film. The edge seal preferably comprises a film or thin sheet of polyimide. In the context of the invention, the term "outer edge region" means the cutting edges of the horizontal flat film. Covering with the use of the edge seal reduces the aging of the intermediate layer in a significant and measurable way. The polyimide-containing composition of the edge seal surprisingly demonstrates better protection against aging than, for example, a commercially available adhesive tape (“Tesafilm®” [cellophane tape]).
    [0019] In an alternative embodiment, the edge seal is implanted as a groove at least 1 mm deep in the region of the intermediate layer. The groove extends at least for the SPD film and is filled with polyisobutylene (PIB) and / or polyurethane (PU). This edge seal effectively protects the SPD film against aging and extends the service life of the switchable glazing arrangement.
    [0020] Thermoplastic polymer films preferably contain PVB (polyvinyl butyral) and / or EVA (polyethyl vinyl acetate). A polymer film made of EVA surprisingly presents, together with the edge seal according to the invention, which contains polyimides (PI) and / or polyisobutylene, the greatest protection against aging. This is probably attributable to a very strong connection of the edge seal, according to the invention, and EVA (polyethyl vinyl acetate) during laminating the glazing.
    [0021] The switchable composite glazing arrangement preferably includes a third thermoplastic polymer film between the first glazing and the second thermoplastic polymer film. This third thermoplastic polymer film can contribute to the improvement of mechanical properties, for example, resistance to breakage. Alternatively, the third thermoplastic film can also serve as a carrier for other functions, for example, protection from the sun.
    [0022] The switchable composite glazing arrangement preferably includes an IR infrared radiation reflective coating between the third thermoplastic polymer film and the second thermoplastic polymer film.
    [0023] The IR radiation reflective coating preferably contains niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, zirconium, silver, gold, aluminum, nickel, chromium, copper and / or mixtures or alloys thereof.
    [0024] The SPD film of electrically switchable variable transmittance preferably has a defined edge in recoil (cut-out) in 1 mm to 4 mm more than the first thermoplastic polymer film and the second thermoplastic polymer film. This has the effect that the first thermoplastic film and the second thermoplastic film surrounding the SPD film extend beyond the outer edge of the SPD film by 1 mm to 4 mm. In conjunction with the edge seal, according to the invention, this protrusion of the thermoplastic films again significantly increases the aging resistance of the SPD films and of the entire switchable composite glazing arrangement.
    [0025] The edge seal preferably includes a wrap made of polyurethane, which additionally increases the resistance against aging.
    [0026] The SPD film of electrically switchable variable transmittance preferably has a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm, preferably 150 μm to 400 μm.
    [0027] The electrically switchable SPD film preferably includes an electrical contact. The electrical contact is connected to a voltage source and a control element that thus enables a change, preferably even a gradual change, in the transmittance of the switchable composite glass pane.
    [0028] The edge seal preferably has a polyacrylic adhesive. In a preferred embodiment, the edge seal is implanted as an insulating film; the polyacrylic adhesive fixes the insulating film on the electrically switchable SPD film.
    [0029] The invention additionally includes a method for producing a switchable composite glazing arrangement. In a first step, an electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film is wrapped in the outer edge region of the same with an edge seal (4) containing a polyimide (PI). The edge seal is preferably implanted as an insulating film including a polyimide film with a polyacrylic adhesive. The electrically involved switchable SPD film forms a film.
    [0030] In the next step, the film is arranged between a first thermoplastic polymer film and a second thermoplastic polymer film to form an intermediate layer. The first thermoplastic polymer film and the second thermoplastic polymer film are arranged so that the thermoplastic polymer films have an outer edge protuberance of at least 2 mm greater than the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film. Preferably, the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film is also provided with an electrical contact.
    [0031] In the next step, the intermediate layer is laminated between a first glazing and a second glazing. In additional steps, the resulting composite glazing can also be provided with an electrical control device.
    [0032] The invention additionally includes an alternative method for producing a switchable composite glazing arrangement. An electrically switchable SPD film is arranged to form an intermediate layer between a first thermoplastic polymer film and a second thermoplastic polymer film.
    [0033] The intermediate layer is subsequently laminated between a first glazing and a second glazing.
    [0034] In a next step, a groove from 1 mm to 5 mm deep is milled in the region of the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film. In the following steps, the groove is filled with polyisobutylene (PIB) and then with polyurethane (PU).
    [0035] The invention additionally includes the use of the switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention, such as motor vehicle glazing, ship glazing, train glazing, aircraft glazing and / or architectural glazing.
    [0036] The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are a purely schematic representation and do not represent a real scale. They do not in any way restrict the invention.
    [0037] They show: Figure 1, which is a cross-section of an electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement in accordance with the prior art, Figure 2, which is a cross-section of an electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement in accordance with the prior art. Figure 3 which is a cross section of a preferred electrically switchable composite pane arrangement according to the invention, Figure 4 which is a cross section of another preferred electrically switchable composite pane arrangement according to the invention, Figure 5 which is a flowchart for producing the electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement in accordance with the invention, and Figure 6 which is a flowchart for alternatively producing the electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement in accordance with the invention.
    [0038] Figure 1 shows a cross section of an electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the prior art. A thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is arranged between a first glazing (1) and a second glazing (2). The thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) comprises a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) as well as an electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) disposed between them. A voltage source is connected to the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) by an electrical contact (not shown).
    [0039] Figure 2 shows a cross section of an electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention. A thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is arranged between a first glazing (1) and a second glazing (2). The thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) comprises a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) as well as an electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) disposed between them. An edge seal (4) is arranged in the outer edge region (5) of the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b). The edge seal contains a polyimide (PI) with the edge seal (4) that extends from the outer edge region (5) with the length (L) of at least 1 mm above (I) and below (II ) of the SPD film (3b) between the first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and the second thermoplastic polymer film (3c). The edge seal (4) is preferably implanted as a polyimide film.
    [0040] Figure 3 shows a cross-section of an electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement preferred according to the invention. The basic structure corresponds to that depicted in Figure 2. In addition, a third thermoplastic polymer film (3d) is disposed between the first glazing (1) and the intermediate layer (3). In addition, an IR radiation reflective coating (6), for example, silver, is disposed between the third thermoplastic polymer film (3d) and the intermediate layer (3).
    [0041] Figure 4 shows a cross-section of a preferred alternative electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention. The basic structure corresponds, except for the edge seal (4), to that shown in Figure 2. A groove (7) that is filled with an edge seal (4) made of polyisobutylene and polyurethane is located in the edge region of the intermediate layer (3).
    [0042] Figure 5 shows a flow chart for producing the electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention. In a first step, an electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) is wrapped in the outer edge region of the same with an edge seal (4) containing a polyimide (PI). The edge seal (4) is preferably implanted as an insulating film comprising a polyimide film with a polyacrylic adhesive. The electrically involved switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) forms a film. In the following step, the film is arranged between a first thermoplastic polymer film and a second thermoplastic polymer film so that the thermoplastic polymer films (3a, 3c) have an edge protrusion at least 2 mm greater than the film . In final steps (not shown), the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) is also provided with an electrical contact and an electrical controller.
    [0043] Figure 6 shows a flow chart for the alternative production of the electrically switchable composite glazing arrangement according to the invention. An electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b) is arranged to form an intermediate layer (3) between a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c). The resulting intermediate layer (3) is subsequently laminated between a first glazing (1) and a second glazing (2). In a next step, a groove (7) is milled at least 1 mm in the intermediate layer (3) in the region of the electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD film (3b). In the following steps, the groove (7) is filled with polyisobutylene (PIB). After curing the polyisobutylene, the groove (7) is then sealed with polyurethane (PU).
    [0044] In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to two examples and a comparative example. The examples in no way limit the invention. 1. Example (according to the invention)
    [0045] A composite glass pane (20 cm x 20 cm) contained the following structure (thickness indicated) made of a first pane (1) (2.1 mm), a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) (EVA) , 0.38 mm), an SPD film (3b) (0.35 mm), a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) (EVA, 0.38 mm), silver coated PET (6) (0.05 mm), a third thermoplastic polymer film (3c) (EVA, 0.38 mm), a second glazing (2) (2.1 mm). The SPD film (3b) was wrapped in the edge region as shown in Figures 2 and 3 with an edge seal (4) made of polyimide film. The thermoplastic films (3a, 3c) made of EVA had, when compared to the SPD film (3b), a protuberance of about 2 mm. The composite glass pane was subjected to heated storage for 28 days at 90 ° C and a WOM (Weather-Ometer test) for 1,000 hours at 90 ° C and irradiation by a xenon lamp (PV3929) with energy of 1,250 W / h * m2. 2. Example (according to the invention)
    [0046] A composite glass pane (20 cm x 20 cm) contains the following structure (thickness indicated) made of a first pane (1) (2.1 mm), a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) (EVA) , 0.38 mm), an SPD film (3b) (0.35 mm), a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) (EVA, 0.38 mm), silver coated PET (6) (0.05 mm), a third thermoplastic polymer film (3c) (EVA, 0.38 mm), a second glazing (2) (2.1 mm). The SPD film (3b) was wrapped in the edge region as shown in Figure 4 with an edge seal (4) made of polyisobutylene and polyurethane. The composite glass pane was subjected, as in Example 1, to storage heated for 28 days at 90 ° C and a WOM (Weather-Ometer test) for 1,000 hours at 90 ° C and irradiation by a xenon lamp (PV3929) with energy 1,250 W / h * m2. 3. Comparative example (prior art)
    [0047] The composite glass pane corresponds to that in Example 1 and 2 without sealing the SPD film (3b). The composite glass pane was subjected, according to Example 1 and 2, to heated storage for 28 days at 90 ° C and a WOM test (Weather-Ometer test) for 1,000 hours at 90 ° C and irradiation by xenon lamp (PV3929) with an energy of 1,250 W / h * m2.
    [0048] The test results of the examples are shown in Table 1. In the examples, the degeneration of the SPD film in the edge region was measured after the runs test "heated storage" and "WOM test". The degeneration of the SPD film is evidenced by brightening the SPD film in the de-energized state. Table 1 indicates in mm the size of the edge region of the SPD film that appears shiny in the de-energized state. This region, therefore, is no longer (fully) functional.Table 1: Degradation of SPD Film in the outer edge region

    [0049] Example 1 and Example 2, according to the present invention, present, both with heated storage and also with the WOM Test, only minimal and insignificant damage to the edge of the SPD film. As a result, declines in the operating edge region move, depending on the test conditions, between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. In Comparative Example 3, the damage to the edge (> 5 mm) of the SPD film is greater by a factor of 2.5 to 10 than in the Example according to the invention. These results were surprising and not obvious to the person skilled in the art. The insulation of the SPD film with commercially available Tesafilm® yields values similar to Comparative Example 3. List of reference characters (1) first glazing (2) second glazing (3) intermediate layer (3a) first thermoplastic polymer film (3b) film Electrically switchable variable transmittance SPD (3c) a second thermoplastic polymer film (3d) third thermoplastic polymer film (4) edge seal (5) outer edge region (6) IR radiation reflective coating (7) groove (L ) length of the edge seal along the SPD film (I) surface above the SPD film (II) surface below the SPD film
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    1. Arrangement of switchable composite glazing characterized by the fact that it comprises at least: a first glazing (1), a second glazing (2), and an intermediate layer (3) disposed between them, in which the intermediate layer (3) contains at least a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) as well as a suspended particle device (SPD) film (3b) disposed between them, and an edge seal (4) comprising a groove (7) at least 1 mm deep disposed in a superficial region of the intermediate layer (3), away from the first glazing (1) and the second glazing (2) which is filled with polyisobutylene (PIB) and / or polyurethane (PU), where the groove (7) reaches the SPD film and extends laterally to the outer edges (5) of the first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and the second thermoplastic polymer film (3c), and where the groove is formed after laminating the first pane (1), the second pane (2) and the intermediate layer (3).
    [0002]
    2. Switchable composite glazing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and the second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) contain PVB (polyvinyl butyral) and / or EVA ( polyethyl vinyl acetate).
    [0003]
    3. Switchable composite glazing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and the second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) contain polyethyl vinyl acetate.
    [0004]
    4. Arrangement of switchable composite glazing according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the SPD film (3b) has a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm.
    [0005]
    5. Arrangement of switchable composite glazing, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the SPD film (3b) has a thickness of 150 μm to 400 μm.
    [0006]
    6. Arrangement of switchable composite glazing, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the SPD film (3b) comprises an electrical contact.
    [0007]
    7. Method for producing a switchable composite glazing arrangement, characterized by the fact that it comprises: arranging a suspended particle device (SPD) film between a first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and a second thermoplastic polymer film (3c) to form an intermediate layer (3), laminate the intermediate layer (3) between a first pane (1) and a second pane (2), after laminating the first pane (1), the second pane (2) and the intermediate layer (3) milling or scratching a groove (7) at least 1 mm deep in a superficial region of the intermediate layer (3), away from the first glazing (1) and the second glazing (2), in which the groove (7 ) reaches the SPD film and extends laterally to the outer edges (5) of the first thermoplastic polymer film (3a) and the second thermoplastic polymer film (3c), and fill the groove (7) with polyisobutylene (PIB) and / or polyurethane (PU) to provide an edge seal arranged in the region edge of the middle layer (3).
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2018-03-13| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2018-03-20| B06I| Technical and formal requirements: publication cancelled|Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 6.6.1 NA RPI NO 2462 DE 13/03/2018 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    2019-11-12| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-22| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-03-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/06/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP12179771|2012-08-09|
    EP12179771.6|2012-08-09|
    PCT/EP2013/063628|WO2014023475A1|2012-08-09|2013-06-28|Switchable electrical composite pane array|
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