ENERGY CONVERSION APPLIANCE

专利摘要:
energy conversion device. [problem] allow an increase in the output of an energy conversion device that has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape. [solution] a cover (3) is attached to a ring-shaped magnet retainer (2) in which permanent magnets (1) are housed. an extended portion of the cover (3) is supported by a wheel (6). the wheel (6) is in contact with the extended portion of the cover (3) and the bottom surface of a housing (5). thus, the magnet retainer (2) can be rotated slightly even when the weight of the magnet retainer (2) increases with the increase in the number of permanent magnets (1) housed in the magnet retainer (2). therefore, an energy conversion device (100) can produce more energy from the supplied energy and thus enhance the output.
公开号:BR112014033016B1
申请号:R112014033016-6
申请日:2013-06-21
公开日:2021-03-30
发明作者:Katsuyuki Kamibayashi
申请人:Katsuyuki Kamibayashi；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to an energy conversion device that performs the conversion of one into another among electrical energy and mechanical energy. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE
[0002] A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The loss of energy is caused during the conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy. To improve the efficiency of energy use given to a generator or an engine, the loss caused during energy conversion needs to be reduced as much as possible.
[0003] For example, a generator that is configured so that a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape penetrate a plurality of coils is proposed previously. In document JP-A-2010-283983 (Patent Literature 1), for example, a generator that, although small and light, has high generation efficiency is revealed. The generator disclosed in the literature described above includes a ring in which a plurality of permanent magnets are housed, a coil is arranged so that the permanent magnets are passed through the rotation of the ring and a roller conveyor to rotate and support the ring. The roller conveyor is arranged under the ring. According to the configuration described above, as an iron core of the coil is not necessary, miniaturization and weight saving of the generator are achieved. In addition, as the ring is rotated by a small force, the loss of mechanical energy is reduced. As a result, more electricity is taken from the generator and, therefore, generation efficiency is improved.
[0004] In document JP-A-2009-22140 (Patent Literature 2), for example, a rotating generator is disclosed in which a rubber roller for rotating a ring is added to the configuration described above in which a plurality of magnets permanents arranged in a ring shape penetrate a plurality of coils. The rubber roller is placed in contact with an outer surface of the ring. In this way, the ring is retained by the rubber roller and is rotated together with the rotation of the rubber roller.
[0005] A configuration that resembles that of Patent Literature 2 described above is revealed, for example, in the document in JP-A-07-23547 (Patent Literature 3) and in the International Publication Pamphlet W02008 / 032410 (Literature of Patent 4). That is, also in the generator disclosed in any of the Patent Literature 3 and 4, a ring to fix a permanent magnet is placed in contact with a roller. The ring is retained and rotated by the roller.
[0006] LIST OF QUOTES
[0007] PATENT LITERATURE
[0008] PATENT LITERATURE 1: JP-A-2010-283983
[0009] PATENT LITERATURE 2: JP-A-2009-22140
[0010] PATENT LITERATURE 3: JP-A-07-23547
[0011] PATENT LITERATURE 4: International Publication Pamphlet No. WO 2008/032410 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL PROBLEM
[0012] In the generator that has the configuration described above, when the number of permanent magnets is increased, a generator output is increased. Alternatively, when a magnetic force is increased by a permanent magnet that is larger in size, the output of the generator is also considered to be increased. However, a problem arises that when the number of permanent magnets is increased or a size of the permanent magnet is increased, the weight of the ring on which the permanent magnets are mounted increases.
[0013] Any generator disclosed in each of the Patent Literature 1 to 4 described above also has a structure in which the ring is slightly rotated. However, also in any configuration revealed in the literature, when the weight of the ring increases, a roller or scroll element is pressed downward from the top of the ring. Therefore, it is difficult to complete a slight rotation of the ring. When the ring is rotated slightly, the loss of kinetic energy increases along with the rotation of the ring. Thus, the generator output is not increased, unlike expectations.
[0014] According to the configuration of Patent Literature 1, for example, when the ring becomes heavy, as the scroll element (metallic sphere) is pressed downwards from above by the ring, the scroll element moves up slowly. To solve the problem described above, the scroll element is considered to be enlarged and a contact area of the scroll element with the ring is reduced. However, when the scroll element is enlarged, the generator becomes larger in size. In addition, as the coil is wrapped around the ring and the bearing, when a size of the scroll element is enlarged, a diameter of the coil becomes large. As a result, the coil moves further away from the magnet. When the coil moves further away from the magnet, the energy (power) taken from the generator is reduced.
[0015] Furthermore, according to the configuration revealed in Patent Literature 2, when the ring becomes heavy, a contact area between the ring and the rubber roller becomes large. When the contact area becomes large, an increased frictional force. Therefore, smooth movement of the ring is prevented. In addition, a problem arises that an idea is necessary in view of a structure in which when the ring becomes heavy, it is supported by the rubber roller.
[0016] Also in the case of the configurations disclosed in Patent Literature 3 and 4, when the weight of the ring increases, an idea is considered necessary in view of the structure in which the ring is supported by the roller. Furthermore, there is a possibility that when the roller is made bulky to support the ring, it will be difficult to rotate the roller smoothly.
[0017] Also in the case where the generators disclosed in Patent Literature 1 to 4 are used as an engine, the same problem arises. That is, according to the configurations revealed in Patent Literature 1 to 4, when the weight of the ring increases due to an increase in the number of permanent magnets or an increase in a size of the permanent magnet, as it is difficult to rotate the ring, it is difficult to increase the engine output. However, although Patent Literature 1 to 4 discloses a structure in which the ring on which the permanent magnets are mounted is rotated and retained, no description is specifically made of a structure that is necessary to further increase the output of the conversion apparatus. of energy (the generator or the engine).
[0018] To solve the problems described above, it is an objective of the present invention to make it possible to increase the output of the energy conversion apparatus that includes the permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape. SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM
[0019] An energy conversion apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is an energy conversion apparatus that performs conversion from one to another among electrical energy and mechanical energy. The energy conversion device includes a magnet ring. The magnet ring includes a ring-shaped magnet retainer in which a magnet box is formed whose upper part is opened, a permanent magnet which is housed in the magnet box of the magnet retainer, a cover which is formed into a shape ring which has a width greater than that of the magnet retainer and which is fixed to an upper surface of the magnet retainer in order to have the same center as that of the magnet retainer and which has an extension part that extends in a radial direction of the magnet retainer from the magnet retainer and a gear that is attached to the cover and the magnet retainer so as to have the same center as that of the magnet retainer and the cover. The energy conversion apparatus also includes a ring-shaped housing that houses the magnet ring and in which a window part to expose part of the gear to the outside is formed, a plurality of wheels that are arranged between an internal surface of the enclosure and the magnet retainer so as to be in contact with a bottom surface of the enclosure and the extension portion of the cover, a defining member through which each geometric axis of rotation of the plurality of wheels is passed and which defines a relative distance between the plurality of wheels and at least one coil that is wound around the housing.
[0020] According to the configuration described above, the magnet ring is supported by the plurality of wheels that are interspersed between the extension part of the cover and the bottom surface of the enclosure. As the weight of the magnet ring is distributed over the plurality of wheels, a force applied to a wheel is reduced. In addition, each wheel is placed in contact through a small area with the extension portion of the cover and the bottom surface of the enclosure. Therefore, even if the weight of the magnet ring increases, the wheels are turned slightly. That is, the magnet ring is rotated slightly. As the magnet ring is rotated slightly, the energy loss along with the rotation of the magnet ring is reduced. In this way, the output of the energy conversion apparatus that includes the permanent magnets that are arranged in a ring shape is increased.
[0021] In the configuration described above, the energy conversion apparatus may be an apparatus (that is, a motor) that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, or an apparatus (that is, a generator) that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy .
[0022] The number of magnet boxes that are formed on the magnet ring can be at least one and is not particularly limited. Similarly, the coil can be at least one or multiple.
[0023] Preferably, each of the plurality of wheels includes at least two circular plates that are connected through the geometric axis of rotation.
[0024] According to the configuration described above, not only is each wheel turned slightly, but also the durability of the wheels is improved. In the case where the wheel is configured by a single circular plate, a thickness of the circular plate must be increased to resist a force (load due to the weight of the ring) applied to each of the wheels. However, when the thickness of the circular plate is increased, a contact area of the wheel with the extension portion of the cover and the bottom surface of the housing becomes large. As a result, there is a possibility that the rotation of the wheels will be impaired. According to the configuration described above, as the force applied to each of the wheels is distributed over the plurality of circular plates, a force applied to a circular plate is reduced. The circular plate is slightly rotated and the durability of the circular plate is also improved. In this way, not only is each wheel turned slightly, but the durability of the wheels is also improved.
[0025] Preferably, the energy conversion apparatus also includes a scroll element that is disposed between an internal surface of the enclosure and at least one between the cover and the magnet retainer.
[0026] According to the configuration described above, the magnet ring is rotated stably. A centrifugal force from you on the magnet ring together with the rotation of the magnet ring. There is a possibility that the magnet ring vibrates on a horizontal surface. Through the scroll element, the vibration of the magnet ring is suppressed. In addition, the scroll element assists the rotation of the magnet ring. As a result, the magnet ring is rotated stably.
[0027] Preferably, an internal radius of the gear is greater than that of the housing. The scroll element is arranged between the gear and the inner surface of the housing.
[0028] According to the configuration described above, the magnet ring is rotated stably. Preferably, the energy conversion apparatus also includes a container that is provided on the housing and a spherical magnet that is housed in the container so that it can be rotated freely in the container.
[0029] According to the configuration described above, when the repulsion and attraction between the spherical magnet and the permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer are used, the magnet ring is rotated more slightly.
[0030] Preferably, a cross section of the magnet retainer along a radial direction of the magnet retainer is approximately rectangular. A cross section of the enclosure along a radial direction of the enclosure is approximately rectangular. A cross section of the coil is approximately rectangular.
[0031] According to the configuration described above, a gap between the magnet retainer and the housing is reduced. In this way, a gap between the coil that is wound around the housing and the permanent magnet that is housed in the magnet retainer is also reduced. When the gap between the permanent magnet and the coil is reduced, the magnetic coupling between the permanent magnet and the coil is increased. In this way, the output of the energy conversion device is increased.
[0032] Preferably, the energy conversion device is a generator. The gear is coupled to a gear from a power source.
[0033] According to the configuration described above, the generator of a high output is reached.
[0034] Preferably, the energy conversion device is a motor. The motor also includes a stator that is arranged facing the housing.
[0035] According to the configuration described above, the motor of a high output is reached.
[0036] Preferably, the stator is provided outside the housing, the energy conversion apparatus also includes an added magnet ring which is provided outside the stator and which has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape , an added coil through which the added magnet ring is passed and an added stator that is disposed outside the added magnet ring.
[0037] According to the configuration described above, the energy conversion device of a high output is reached.
[0038] Preferably, the stator is provided outside the housing, the energy conversion apparatus also includes an added magnet ring that is provided outside the stator and in which a gear is formed that has the same number of struts than those of the gear and which includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape, an added coil through which the added magnet ring is passed and a synchronization mechanism for mutually synchronizing the rotations of the magnet ring and the ring of magnet added. The synchronization mechanism includes a first gear that is engaged with the gear, a second gear that is engaged with the added gear and a rotating geometry axis that connects the first and second gears. The number of teeth of the first gear and the number of teeth of the second gear are the same.
[0039] According to the configuration described above, as the inner magnet ring and the outer magnet ring (magnet ring added) are rotated in synchronization with each other, the stator is made common between the two magnet rings. When the two magnet rings are rotated in synchronization with each other, the output of the energy conversion device is increased. ADVANTAGE EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0040] In accordance with the present invention, the magnet ring is supported and rotated by the plurality of wheels which are interspersed between the extension portion of the cover and the bottom surface of the housing. Therefore, even if the weight of the magnet ring increases, the magnet ring is slightly rotated. In this way, the output of the energy conversion apparatus that includes the permanent magnets that are arranged in a ring shape is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0041] Figure 1 is a top perspective view schematically illustrating a main part of an energy conversion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0042] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of the energy conversion apparatus along a direction II-II of Figure 1.1.
[0043] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of the energy conversion apparatus along a direction III-III of Figure 1.
[0044] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a magnet retainer illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.
[0045] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of the magnet retainer along a V-V direction of Figure 4.
[0046] Figure 6 is a view to describe an arrangement of permanent magnets in the magnet retainer.
[0047] Figure 7 is a view that illustrates a first example of configuration of permanent magnets.
[0048] Figure 8 is a view that illustrates a second example of configuration of permanent magnets.
[0049] Figure 9 is a view that illustrates an example of the magnet retainer that is configured to be disassembled.
[0050] Figure 10 is a view that illustrates an example of a structure on a junction of both components of the magnet retainer.
[0051] Figure 11 is a first view that illustrates a configuration on a coil.
[0052] Figure 12 is a second view that illustrates a configuration on the coil.
[0053] Figure 13 is a top view illustrating an arrangement of a plurality of wheels.
[0054] Figure 14 is a view that illustrates an example of a configuration of a definition member.
[0055] Figure 15 is a top view of the defining member and the wheel illustrated in Figure 14.
[0056] Figure 16 is a view that illustrates another example of a definition member configuration.
[0057] Figure 17 is a schematic view to describe an advantage due to the wheel.
[0058] Figure 18 is a side view of a configuration illustrated in Figure 17.
[0059] Figure 19 is a view to describe the wheel configured by a single circular plate.
[0060] Figure 20 is a view that illustrates a configuration of a first comparative example.
[0061] Figure 21 is a top view that illustrates a configuration of a second comparative example.
[0062] Figure 22 is an elevation view that illustrates part of the comparative example illustrated in Figure 21.
[0063] Figure 23 is a view to describe a cross section of a general coil.
[0064] Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view that schematically illustrates a disposition relationship between the magnet retainer and the coil according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0065] Figure 25 is a top perspective view schematically illustrating a main part of an energy conversion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[0066] Figure 26 is a view to describe an assist of rotating the permanent magnet through a spherical magnet.
[0067] Figure 27 is a view that illustrates a first example of modification of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0068] Figure 28 is a view illustrating a second example of modification of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0069] Figure 29 is a view illustrating a third example of modifying the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0070] Figure 30 is a view illustrating an example in which the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is used as a generator.
[0071] Figure 31 is a side view to schematically describe a configuration illustrated in Figure 30.
[0072] Figure 32 is a view illustrating an example in which the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is used as an engine.
[0073] Figure 33 is a side view to schematically describe a configuration illustrated in Figure 32.
[0074] Figure 34 is a schematic view illustrating another example of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0075] Figure 35 is a schematic view that illustrates yet another example of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0076] Figure 36 is a view that illustrates an example of a mechanism configuration in which two magnet rings are rotated in synchronization with each other. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES
[0077] Hereinafter, the modalities of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Note that, in the figures, the same or equivalent components are indicated by the same reference numerals and their descriptions will not be repeated. FIRST MODE
[0078] Figure 1 is a top perspective view schematically illustrating a main part of an energy conversion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of the energy conversion apparatus along a direction II-II of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of the energy conversion apparatus. energy along III-III of Figure 1.
[0079] With reference to Figures 1 to 3, the energy conversion apparatus 100 is installed on a horizontal surface. In this specification, a term "horizontal surface" means a surface that crosses the direction of gravity. The horizontal surface is not limited to a surface that crosses a direction of gravity strictly at a 90 ° angle. It is noted that the energy conversion apparatus 100 is preferably installed on a surface where an angle between the surface and the direction of gravity is close to 90 ° as much as possible, in view of the operations of the energy conversion apparatus 100. Furthermore, in this specification, an up and down direction means a direction of gravity (vertical direction).
[0080] The energy conversion apparatus 100 includes a permanent magnet 1, a magnet retainer 2, a cover 3, a gear 4, a casing 5, a wheel 6, a scroll element 7 and a coil 8. A ring magnet is configured by permanent magnet 1, magnet retainer 2, cover 3 and gear 4.
[0081] The permanent magnet 1 is housed in a magnet box 2a that is formed in the magnet retainer 2. In Figure 1, ten permanent magnets are illustrated in order to be housed in the magnet retainer 2. Note that this configuration it is an example and that the number of permanent magnets 1 that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 can be at least one.
[0082] Like permanent magnet 1, a rare earth magnet is preferably used. In general, a rare earth magnet has a strong magnetic force (coercive doe) compared to a ferrite magnet that is the same size. Like the rare earth magnet, for example, a samarium-cobalt magnet or a neodymium magnet is used. In the embodiment of the present invention, in particular, a neodymium magnet is preferably used.
[0083] In comparison to a samarium-cobalt magnet, in general, a neodymium magnet has a strong magnetic force (coercive force) of the same size. In this way, for example, a small permanent magnet is used. Alternatively, in comparison to a casing in which a samarium-cobalt magnet that is the same size is used, an output of the energy conversion apparatus is increased (a lot of energy is removed) with the use of a neodymium magnet. It is noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, permanent magnets, except for a rare earth magnet, are not excluded. Of course, it is also possible to use a ferrite magnet as the permanent magnet 1.
[0084] The magnet retainer 2 is formed in a ring shape and retains the permanent magnet 1. An upper part of the magnet box 2a is opened. In this way, the permanent magnet 1 is inserted into the magnet box 2a from an upper part of the magnet retainer 2. In the magnet retainer 2, a plurality of magnet boxes are formed. When permanent magnets 1 are inserted into magnet boxes 2a, permanent magnets 1 are arranged in a ring shape. Permanent magnets 1 are not limited to be housed in all magnet boxes 2a and permanent magnet 1 may not be housed in at least one box of the plurality of magnet boxes 2a.
[0085] The magnet retainer 2 is made of a non-magnetic material. In the case of non-magnetic materials, a material of the magnet retainer 2 is not particularly limited. In one embodiment, the magnet retainer 2 is formed of a non-magnetic metal (for example, aluminum). There is a possibility that when the temperature of the permanent magnet 1 becomes excessively high, the permanent magnet 1 will be demagnetized. That is, a magnetic force of the permanent magnet 1 can be weakened. When the magnet retainer 2 is formed by a non-magnetic metal, the heat generated in the permanent magnet 1 is diffused effectively to the outside and, therefore, a chance that the above problem is caused is reduced. In another embodiment, the magnet retainer 2 is formed of a resin material. When the magnet retainer 2 is formed of a resin material, a weight of the magnet retainer 2 becomes light. In addition, an advantage that the magnet retainer 2 is easy to form is obtained.
[0086] The cover 3 is formed in a ring shape and covers an upper surface of the magnet retainer 2. The cover 3 is fixed to the magnet retainer 2 so as to have the same center as that of the magnet retainer 2. One the width of the cover 3 is formed greater than that of the magnet retainer 2. Thus, in a state where the cover 3 is attached to the magnet retainer 2, an extension part 3a is formed in the cover 3. the extension part 3a it is part of the cover 3 that protrudes from the magnet retainer 2. In the embodiment, the extension part 3a extends in an internal diameter direction of the magnet retainer 2.
[0087] Gear 4 is mechanically attached to cover 3 and magnet retainer 2. Gear 4 is formed in a ring shape and arranged in the same center as that of magnet retainer 2 together with cover 3. To fix the gear 4 and cover 3, a screw 11 is used. The screw 11 penetrates the gear 4 and the cover 3 and is fixed on the magnet retainer 2.
[0088] An upper surface of gear 4 is processed so that a screw head 11 does not protrude from an upper surface of gear 4. In gear 4, the external teeth are formed so as to be engaged with an external gear (not shown) of the energy conversion apparatus 100. The outer teeth of gear 4 are directed outwards with respect to a geometric axis of rotation of the magnet retainer 2
[0089] In the same way as in cover 3, a width of gear 4 is greater than that of magnet retainer 2. When gear 4 is attached to cover 3, gear 4 extends from magnet retainer 2 in direction of the internal diameter of the magnet retainer 2. The width of the gear 4 is smaller than that of the cover 3. Specifically, an internal diameter of the gear 4 is greater than that of the cover 3. An external diameter of the gear 4 is approximately the same as that of the cover 3. In this way, a space is formed between an inner surface of the housing 5 and the gear 4. The scroll element 7 is arranged in the space.
[0090] The housing 5 houses the magnet ring, namely, the magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets are housed, the cover 3 and the gear 4. The housing 5 is formed in a ring shape with a common center to that of magnet retainer 2, cover 3 and gear 4. A point P illustrates the common center of magnet retainer 2, cover 3, gear 4 and housing 5. The center illustrated by point P corresponds to the geometric axis of rotation illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. In addition, in the figures to be described below, a relationship between the point P and the geometric axis of rotation is the same as the relationship described above and, therefore, the descriptions will not be repeated.
[0091] A window part 5a for exposing part of gear 4 to the outside is formed in housing 5. On window part 5a, an external gear (not shown) is engaged with gear 4. When part of gear 4 is exposed, a the portion in which the window part 5a is formed is not limited. Furthermore, the window part 5a is not limited to being formed in a portion of the housing 5, but can be formed in a plurality of portions of the housing 5.
[0092] Wheel 6 has circular plates 6a and 6b and a rotating axis 6c for connecting circular plates 6a and 6b. The wheel 6 is disposed between the inner surface of the housing 5 and the magnet retainer 2. Furthermore, the wheel 6 is placed in contact with a bottom of the housing 5 and the extension part 3a of the cover 3. That is, the wheel 6 it supports the extension part 3a of the cover 3 in order to support the magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets 1 are housed. Together with the rotation of the magnet retainer 2, the wheel 6 is rotated. Together with the rotation of the wheel 6, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated smoothly.
[0093] To distribute the weight of the magnet ring, namely, a sum of the weight of the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3 and the gear 4, the number of wheels 6 is preferably greater. Therefore, the number of wheels 6 is preferably two or more. In addition, in order to stably rotate the magnet retainer 2, the number of wheels 6 is preferably three or more. Ideally, the wheels 6 are brought into contact with the cover 3 through the points. A flat surface is defined by three points. When the number of wheels 6 is three, the cover 3 is brought into contact with the respective wheels 6. As a result, a surface of the cover 3 is coupled with the "flat surface" described above. Thus, during the rotation of the magnet retainer 2, for example, the cover 3 is prevented from tilting or vibrating up and down.
[0094] The rotation axes 6c of the respective wheels 6 are passed through the defining member 9. Thus, the relative distances between the plurality of wheels 6 are defined. Even if the cover 3 is rotated together with the rotation of the magnet retainer 2, the relative distances between the plurality of wheels 6 are not changed by the defining member 9. As a result, the wheels 6 steadily support the cover 3 and continue to smoothly rotate the magnet retainer 2. To smoothly rotate the wheel 6 as much as possible, the defining member 9 is preferably formed so that a portion in contact with the axis of rotation 6c is as small as possible. A specific example of definition member 9 will be described in detail below.
[0095] In the modality, the magnet retainer 2 is suspended from the cover 3 and the wheels 6 support the cover 3. In this way, the cover 3 desirably has a certain level of resistance. It is noted that a material of the cover 3 is not particularly limited and the examples include a metal and a resin. In addition, the wheels 6 also need to have resistance capable of resisting the hair of the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3 and the gear 4. Furthermore, in the case where the magnet retainer 2 is rotated at high speed, the wheels 6 are also rotated at high speed together with the rotation of the cover 3. For this purpose, the wheels 6 are preferably as light as possible in order to be rotated at high speed. In this way, the wheels 6 are formed, for example, by a metal (for example, aluminum).
[0096] The scroll element 7 is a non-magnetic sphere. The rolling element 7 is brought into contact with the gear 4 and the inner surface of the housing 5. As a result, during rotation of the magnet retainer 2, the magnet retainer 2 is prevented from vibrating in a left and right direction. (radial direction of the magnet retainer 2). The cover 3 is placed in contact with the wheels 6; however, a frictional force between the cover 3 and the wheels 6 is small. Thus, there is a possibility that during rotation of the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3 slides in the left and right direction using a centrifugal force. When the scroll element 7 which is in contact with the gear 4 and the inner surface of the housing 5 is arranged, the cover 3 is prevented from sliding in the left and right direction. Therefore, the magnet retainer 2 is prevented from vibrating in the left and right direction (radial direction of the magnet retainer 2). In this way, the rotation of the magnet retainer 2 is stabilized.
[0097] Furthermore, a ball bearing is configured by the housing 5, the scroll element 7 and the gear 4. The rotation of the scroll element 7 allows the rotation of the magnet retainer 2 to be assisted. As a result, also, the rotation of the magnet retainer 2 is stabilized.
[0098] In addition to gear 4 and the inner surface of housing 5, the scroll element 7 is brought into contact with a top surface (surface facing gear 4) on the inner side of housing 5. Thus, during rotation of the magnet retainer 2, the vibration of the magnet retainer 2 is suppressed not only in the left and right direction, but also in the up and down direction.
[0099] In addition, a cylinder (roller) can be used as the scroll element 7. In this housing, the cylinder (roller) is provided so that a side surface of the cylinder (roller) is placed in contact with gear 4 and the inner surface of the housing 5. According to the configuration described above, the magnet retainer 2 is prevented from vibrating in the left and right direction (radial direction of the magnet retainer 2).
[00100] The coil 8 is wound around a spool 10. The spool 10 is passed through the casing 5. In this way, the coil 8 is wound around the casing 5. The number of turns of the coil 8 and a material of line are not particularly limited. In addition, the spool 10 also plays a role as a support member for supporting the energy conversion apparatus 100 on the flat surface.
[00101] A cross section of the magnet retainer 2 is rectangular. In addition, a cross section of the casing 5 is also rectangular. There is a possibility that, in the event that a cross section of the spool is circular, a distance between the magnet retainer 2 and the coil 8 becomes greater. When a distance between coil 8 and permanent magnet 1 becomes large, a magnetic coupling force between coil 8 and permanent magnet 1 is reduced. However, in the modality, since a cross section of the spool 10 is also rectangular, the distance between the magnet retainer 2 and the coil 8 is shortened as much as possible. As a result, the magnetic coupling force between the coil 8 and the permanent magnet 1 is no longer reduced.
[00102] To clearly illustrate a structure of wheel 6 in Figures 2 and 3, wheel 6 is widely depicted in the left and right direction. However, a width in the left and right direction of wheel 6 is preferably as small as possible.
[00103] In Figure 1, five coils 8 are illustrated. However, the number of coils 8 can be at least one and is not particularly limited. In the case where the number of the coils 8 is multiple, a plurality of the coils is preferably arranged equi-angle in a circumference defined by the casing 5.
[00104] The energy conversion apparatus 100 according to the mode of the present invention is configured so as to perform the conversion from one to another among electrical energy (power) and mechanical energy (kinetic energy). In one embodiment, the energy conversion apparatus 100 is used as a generator. In this housing, an external gear that is engaged with gear 4 is rotated by a power source. Therefore, the kinetic energy to rotate the magnet retainer 2 is given to the energy conversion apparatus 100. When the permanent magnets 1 which are housed in the magnet retainer 2 penetrate an inner part of the coil 8, a voltage is generated in the coil 8. In this way, the electrical energy is removed from the energy conversion apparatus 100. That is, the energy conversion apparatus 100 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
[00105] In another embodiment, the energy conversion apparatus 100 is used as a motor. In this housing, the magnet retainer 2 functions as a rotator and the plurality of coils 8 functions as a stator. When a voltage is applied to each of the plurality of coils 8, electrical energy is generated for the energy conversion apparatus 100. The plurality of coils 8 is arranged at a predetermined electrical angle. A polarity of a voltage applied to each of the plurality of first coils is switched in synchronization with the electrical angle. As a result, the magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets 1 are housed is rotated. That is, the energy conversion apparatus 100 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. An example of a usage style for the energy conversion apparatus 100 will be described in detail below.
[00106] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a magnet retainer 2 illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section of the magnet retainer 2 along a VV direction of the Figure 4. With reference to Figures 4 and 5, the plurality of magnet boxes 2a is formed in the magnet retainer 2. An upper part of the magnet box 2a is opened. In addition, the screw holes 2b for fixing the screws 11 shown in Figures 2 and 3 are formed in the magnet retainer 2.
[00107] Figure 6 is a view to describe an arrangement of permanent magnets in the magnet retainer. Referring to Figure 6, ten permanent magnets 1a to 1j are arranged and retained along the circumference 12 in the magnet retainer 2. For continuous withdrawal of electrical energy or for continuous rotation of the magnet retainer 2, two adjacent permanent magnets are arranged in the magnet retainer 2 so that both of the same polarities (pole N or pole S) face each other.
[00108] From the point of view of a function to perform the conversion of one into another among mechanical energy and electrical energy, the number of permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 can be at least one. It is noted that, from a point of view of achieving a balance in the weight of the magnet retainer 2, it is preferable that a plurality of permanent magnets is arranged in an isotropic manner on the magnet retainer 2. As a result, as the rotation of the magnet retainer 2 is stabilized, it is possible to rotate magnet retainer 2 at high speed.
[00109] Furthermore, when the permanent magnets are arranged so that the same polarities face each other, the number of permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is not limited to ten. In accordance with a performance and size of the energy conversion apparatus 100 or an arrangement and the number of the coils 8, the number of the permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is appropriately determined.
[00110] Figure 7 is a view that illustrates a first example of configuration of permanent magnets. Referring to Figure 7, permanent magnet 1 includes a plurality of magnet blocks 1.1, each of which is formed in a similar manner to the helix. A length (thickness of the magnet block 1.1) of an outer peripheral part of the magnet block 1.1 is t1. When an appropriate number of the magnet blocks 1.1 is arranged, a length L1 of an outer periphery of the permanent magnet 1 is approximated to a length of an outer periphery of the magnetic box 2a (see Figure 4) as much as possible. In this way, a number of magnet blocks 1.1 are arranged in the magnet housing 2a as much as possible. Both two adjacent magnet blocks are arranged so that a pole N and a pole S face each other.
[00111] Figure 8 is a view that illustrates a second example of configuration of permanent magnets. Referring to Figure 8, permanent magnet 1 includes a plurality of rectangular (rectangular) magnet blocks 1.2. A thickness of the magnet block 1.2 is t2. In the same way as in the configuration illustrated in Figure 7, when an appropriate number of the magnet blocks 1.1 is arranged, a length L2 of the permanent magnet 1 is approximated to a length of an inner periphery of the magnetic box 2a (see Figure 4) o as much as possible. In the same way as in the configuration illustrated in Figure 7, both two adjacent magnet blocks are arranged so that a pole N and a pole S face each other.
[00112] As described above, a permanent magnet that has a strong coercive force, such as a neodymium magnet, is applicable to permanent magnet 1. However, in the case of a single magnet block, as a size of it is larger , it is more difficult to obtain a magnetic force according to the size. In the present embodiment, when a plurality of magnet blocks are arranged in line, a permanent magnet 1 is configured. When the number of the magnet blocks is adjusted, it is possible to adjust a magnetic force. In this way, a magnetic force of the permanent magnet 1 is increased.
[00113] To pass the magnet retainer 2 through the plurality of coils 8, for example, the magnet retainer 2 is configured to be disassembled. Figure 9 is a view illustrating an example of the magnet retainer 2 which is configured to be disassembled. Referring to Figure 9, for example, magnet retainer 2 can be disassembled into eight parts 2.1 to 2.8. By joining all the parts, the magnet retainer 2 is formed.
[00114] Figure 10 is a view that illustrates an example of a structure on a junction of both components of the magnet retainer. Referring to Figure 10, four pin holes 2d, two concave parts 2e and two convex parts 2f are formed on a junction surface of component 2.1. On the other hand, also on one side of the junction surface of component 2.2, pin holes are formed in positions corresponding to pin holes 2d and pins 2g are inserted into the pin holes. In addition, on the junction surface of component 2.2, the convex parts 2h which are engaged with the concave parts 2e of component 2.1 and the convex parts 2i which are engaged with the convex parts 2f of component 2.1 are formed. Pins 2g are inserted into pin holes 2d and the concave parts are engaged with the convex parts. Thus, component 2.1 and component 2.2 are joined together. A joint structure for both other components is also the same as that shown in Figure 10.
[00115] Additionally, cover 3, gear 4 and housing 5 are also formed into a ring shape. In this way, the cover 3, the gear 4 and the housing 5 are also configured so that they can be disassembled into a plurality of parts, in the same way as in the magnet retainer 2. For a configuration of joining a plurality of parts, one configuration similar to that of magnet retainer 2 is applicable.
[00116] Figure 11 is a first view illustrating a configuration on the coil 8. Figure 12 is a second view illustrating a configuration on the coil. Referring to Figures 11 and 12, the spool 10 around which the coil 8 is wound is fixed to a base 15 by pins 10a and screws 10b. A surface of the base 15 corresponds to an installation surface of the energy conversion apparatus 100. The pins 10a are installed on the surface of the base 15.
[00117] Additionally, screw holes are formed in the base 15. In a portion of the spool 10 that is placed in contact with the surface of the base 15, the pin holes in which the pins 10a are inserted towards an internal side of the spool 10 are formed and through holes for passing screws 10b are formed. Both pins and screws are not limited to being necessary and the spool 10 is also fixed to the base 15 by any of the pins and screws.
[00118] The spool 10 of the coil 8 can be configured, for example, so that it is divided in the up and down direction. In this housing, the spool 10 is mounted so as to insert the housing 5 and the spool 8 is wound around the spool 10. After the spool 8 is wound around the spool 10, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the spool 10 it is installed on the base 15. Furthermore, not only the spool 10, but also the spool 8, can be divided. In the housing of this configuration, even if each of the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3, the gear 4 and the housing 5 is not divided into a plurality of parts, the energy conversion apparatus can be assembled.
[00119] Continuously, the configuration for holding and rotating the magnet retainer 2 will be described in detail. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cover 3 which is attached to the magnet retainer 2 is supported by the plurality of wheels 6. Furthermore, the plurality of wheels 6 is rotated together with the rotation of the magnet retainer 2 (rotation of the cover 3).
[00120] Figure 13 is a top view illustrating an arrangement of the plurality of wheels 6. With reference to Figure 13, the geometric axes of rotation of the plurality of wheels 6 are passed through the defining member 9. The defining member 9 is formed in an annular ring shape. In this way, the plurality of wheels 6 is arranged on the circumference. A relative distance (distance D illustrated in Figure 13) between two wheels 6 is kept constant by the defining member 9. Additionally, the plurality of wheels 6 is arranged equi-angle on the circumference. In this way, cover 3 is retained in a stable manner. Thus, the magnet retainer 2 which is attached to the cover 3 is rotated stably. When the cover 3 and the magnet retainer 2 are rotated, all of the plurality of wheels 6 and the defining member 9 are rotated along the circumference determined by the defining member 9.
[00121] Figure 14 is a view that illustrates an example of a configuration of a definition member. Figure 15 is a top view of the defining member and wheel shown in Figure 14. With reference to Figures 14 and 15, the axis of rotation 6c is formed as a pin for securing the circular plates 6a and 6b. The through holes for passing the axis of rotation 6c are formed in the circular plates 6a and 6b. In addition, a through hole 9a for passing the geometric axis of rotation 6c (pin) is also formed in the defining member 9.
[00122] Figure 16 is a view that illustrates another example of a definition member configuration. Referring to Figure 16, a notch 9b is formed on the defining member 9. The notch 9b is hooked to the axis of rotation 6c of the wheel 6. To reduce a frictional force between the axis of rotation 6c and the defining member 9 as much as possible, the through hole 9a or the notch 9b is preferably formed so that a mutual contact part between the rotational axis 6c and the defining member 9 is reduced as much as possible. Furthermore, it is not limited to the configurations illustrated in Figures 14 to 16 and several configurations are adopted in the definition member.
[00123] Figure 17 is a schematic view to describe an advantage due to the wheels 6. With reference to Figure 17, to facilitate the explanation, the cover 3 to which the magnet retainer 2 is attached and the gear 4 which is attached to the cover 3 are assumed to be supported by the three wheels 6. Permanent magnets 1 are housed in magnet retainer 2. In addition, for ease of explanation, definition member 9 is not illustrated in Figure 17.
[00124] The total weight of the cover 3, the gear 4 and the magnet retainer 2, including the permanent magnets 1, is applied to the three wheels 6. In this way, an F1 force (load) is applied downwards to a portion in that the wheel 6 is placed in contact with the cover 3. On the other hand, by a reaction against the load for the wheel 6, a force F2 that is the same size as that of the force F1 is applied upwards to a portion in which the wheel 6 is placed in contact with the casing 5.
[00125] The force F1 is equal to a size obtained by dividing the weight of the cover 3, the gear 4 and the magnet retainer 2, including the permanent magnets 1, by the number of the wheels 6. In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of wheels is used. In this way, the force F1 applied to a wheel 6 is reduced. As the number of wheels 6 is increased more, the force F1 is reduced more.
[00126] Figure 18 is a side view of the configuration illustrated in Figure 17. In reference to Figure 18, a contact part 16a is a part in which the circular plate 6a is placed in contact with the cover 3. A contact part 16b is a part in which the circular plate 6a is placed in contact with the housing 5. In a similar way, a contact part 16c is a part in which the circular plate 6b is placed in contact with the cover 3 and a part of contact 16d is a part in which the circular plate 6b is brought into contact with the housing 5. A width of the wheel 6 is defined in W and the widths of the circular plates 6a and 6b are defined in W1.
[00127] As illustrated in Figure 18, in the embodiment of the present invention, each of the forces F1 and F2 is distributed and applied to the two circular plates 6a and 6b. In this way, a force that is applied to a circular plate is further reduced. In addition, the widths W1 of the contact parts 16a to 16d are small.
[00128] As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, how the weight of the magnet ring (the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3 and the gear 4) is distributed among the plurality of wheels 6, an applied force one of the wheels 6 is reduced. In addition, each of the wheels 6 is brought into contact through a small area with the extension part of the cover 3 and the bottom surface of the housing 5. Therefore, even if the weight of the magnet ring increases, the wheels 6 are rotated slightly. Thus, the magnet ring is rotated slightly.
[00129] As the magnet ring is rotated slightly, the energy loss along with the rotation of the magnet ring is reduced. In this way, the output of the energy conversion apparatus 100 is increased.
[00130] To increase the magnetic coupling force between the coil (not shown in Figure 18) and the permanent magnets 1 that are housed in the magnet retainer 2, a distance between them needs to be kept as short as possible. The coil is wrapped around the casing 5. Thus, in order to shorten the width of the wheel 6 as much as possible, the wheel 6 is considered to be configured by a single circular plate. However, in the case where the single circular plate is used as the wheel 6, a problem arises to be described below.
[00131] Figure 19 is a view to describe the wheel configured by a single circular plate. Referring to Figure 19, the width of the rotation axis 6c is a width W2 and the width of the wheel 6 is less than the width W shown in Figure 18. Thus, a distance between the permanent magnet 1 and the coil (no shown in Figure 19) is shortened. However, forces F1 and F2 are applied only to circular plate 6b. In this way, the circular plate 6b is pressed by a greater force compared to the configuration illustrated in Figure 18. Even if the widths of the contact parts 16a and 16b are shortened, as a force applied to the circular plate 6b becomes large, the circular plate 6b is difficult to rotate slightly compared to the configuration illustrated in Figure 18. In addition, there is a problem of durability of circular plate 6b since the force applied to circular plate 6b is large. To improve the durability of the circular plate 6a, the width of the circular plate 6b is considered to be enlarged. However, there is a possibility that, as the widths of the contact parts 16a and 16b become large, the rotation of the wheels is deteriorated.
[00132] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wheel 6 is configured by a plurality of circular plates. As a result, as the force applied to each wheel is distributed over the plurality of circular plates, a force applied to a circular plate is reduced. In addition, an area of a part in which a circular plate is placed in contact with the cover 3 and the bottom surface of the housing 5 is small. In this way, the wheels 6 are turned slightly. In addition, the durability of the circular plates that configure the wheel 6 is also improved. When the wheels 6 are turned slightly, the energy loss is reduced. In this way, the output of the energy conversion device is increased.
[00133] When the number of circular plates per wheel is increased, a force applied to a circular plate is reduced; however, the width of the wheel becomes large. Thus, in the modality, the wheel 6 is configured by the two circular plates 6a and 6b. It is noted that in the case where an acceptable width of the wheel 6 has a margin, the number of the circular plates can be more than two.
[00134] The characteristics of the configuration described above will be described in more detail in comparison to the other configurations. Figure 20 is a view that illustrates a configuration of a first comparative example. This configuration is essentially the same as that revealed in Patent Literature 1 (JP-A- 2010-283983). Referring to Figure 20, the bearings 21 are installed on the bottom surface of the housing 5. The magnet retainer 2 is mounted on the bearings 21 and, thus, supported.
[00135] The bearing 21 includes a support 21a and balls 21b. When the magnet retainer 2 is rotated, the balls 21b are rotated. Thus, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slightly. However, the bottom surface of the magnet retainer 2 is brought into contact with the balls 21b which are incorporated under the magnet retainer 2. As the number of the balls that are brought into contact with the magnet retainer 2 increases, the sum of the contact areas becomes large.
[00136] Furthermore, when the number of permanent magnets 1 which are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is increased, the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases. When the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases, the balls 21b are pressed downward by the magnet retainer 2. The friction between the bottom surface of the magnet retainer 2 and the balls 21b increases due to the surface roughness ratio of the magnet retainer. magnet 2. Thus, when the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases, the balls 21b are difficult to rotate and the magnet retainer is rotated slowly.
[00137] To solve the problem described above, when the balls 21b are enlarged, the contact area between the magnet retainer 2 and the balls 21b is considered to be reduced. However, when the balls 21b are enlarged, then both the magnet retainer 2 and the bearings 21 are housed in the housing 5, a cross-sectional area (an internal space of the housing 5) of the housing 5 must be enlarged. However, a cross-sectional area of the magnet retainer 2 does not change. Therefore, a distance between the coil wound around the housing 5 and the permanent magnet in the magnet retainer 2 becomes large. When the distance between the coil and the permanent magnet becomes large, as the magnetic coupling force is reduced, the output of the energy conversion device is difficult to increase.
[00138] In order to deal with the above, according to the modality of the present invention, the cover 3 which is fixed to the magnet retainer 2 is supported by vertically oriented wheels 6. "Vertical orientation" means a state in which the circular plates 6a and 6b are oriented vertically so that the geometric axis of rotation is in the horizontal direction. Compared to the configuration in Figure 20, as wheel 6 is brought into contact with only a small part of the cover 3, the contact area is small. In this way, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slightly. Furthermore, a diameter of the wheel 6 is approximately the same level as a height of the magnet retainer 2. In this way, the need to particularly enlarge the internal space of the housing 5 is eliminated. As a result, a distance between the coil and the permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is shortened.
[00139] Figure 21 is a top view that illustrates a configuration of a second comparative example. Figure 22 is an elevation view that illustrates part of the comparative example illustrated in Figure 21. The configurations illustrated in the figures schematically illustrate configurations of feature parts disclosed in Patent Literature 2 (JP-A-2009-22140), in the Literature of Patent 3 (JP-A-07 23547) and in Patent Literature 4 (International Publication Pamphlet No. W02008 / 032410). Referring to Figures 21 and 22, the magnet retainer 2 is supported by the roller 23. In addition, the roller 23 assists the rotation of the magnet retainer 2. As shown in Figure 22, the geometric axis of rotation 23a of the roller 23 extends up and down. In other words, the roller 23 is oriented horizontally. The configuration illustrated in Figures 21 and 22 differs essentially from the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention at the point described above.
[00140] When the number of permanent magnets 1 that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is increased, the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases. In the configuration of Patent Literature 2, for example, a rubber roller is used. In this way, when the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases, an area of one part (contact part 23b) that is brought into contact with the magnet retainer 2 becomes large on a surface of the roller 23. Thus, as a frictional force increases, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slowly. In addition, a possibility is considered in which, for example, the geometric axis of rotation 23a of the roller 23 is tilted from the up and down direction due to the weight of the magnet retainer 2. Also in the case where the roller 23 is distorted, as described above, roller 23 is difficult to rotate. As a result, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slowly.
[00141] To deal with the problem described above, according to the modality of the present invention, the cover 3 which is fixed to the magnet retainer 2 is supported by the vertically oriented wheels 6. There is no problem that, as a force is applied to the geometric axis of rotation of the wheel in the up and down direction, the geometric axis of rotation of the wheel is tilted. In this way, the magnet retainer 2 is slightly rotated compared to the configuration of Figures 21 and 22.
[00142] Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional shape of the enclosure 5 is approximately rectangular. The cross-sectional shape means a cross-sectional shape in a radial direction of the ring. Thus, a cross-sectional shape of the spool 10 is also allowed to be approximately rectangular. Similarly, a cross-sectional shape of the magnet retainer 2 is also approximately rectangular.
[00143] Figure 23 is a view to describe a cross section of a general coil. Referring to Figure 23, a cross section of the coil 8 is circular. In coil 8, the magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets 1 are housed is arranged. However, in the coil 8, a wasted space increases and a distance between the permanent magnet 1 and the coil 8 becomes large. As a result, the magnetic coupling force between the permanent magnet 1 and the coil 8 is reduced.
[00144] Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view that schematically illustrates an arrangement relationship between the magnet retainer and the coil according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 24, the cross section of the coil 8 is rectangular. That is, the coil 8 is wound around the magnet retainer 2 along a cross-sectional shape of the magnet retainer 2. Thus, as a distance between the permanent magnet 1 and the coil 8 is shortened, the coupling force magnetic between the permanent magnet 1 and the coil 8 is increased compared to the configuration illustrated in Figure 23. As a result, the output of the energy conversion apparatus 100 is increased.
[00145] As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the cover 3 is fixed to the ring-shaped magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets 1 are housed. The extension part 3a of the cover 3 is supported by the wheel 6. The wheel 6 is oriented vertically and placed in contact with the extension part 3a of the cover 3 and the bottom surface of the housing 5. Thus, when the number of the permanent magnets 1 that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 increases, even if the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slightly. That is, the energy loss (kinetic energy loss) is reduced together with the rotation of the magnet retainer 2. Thus, according to the first modality, the energy conversion apparatus 100 draws more energy from the given energy. That is, according to the first modality, the output of the energy conversion device is increased. SECOND MODE
[00146] Figure 25 is a top perspective view schematically illustrating a main part of an energy conversion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 25, the energy conversion apparatus 101 according to the second embodiment differs from the energy conversion apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment in which the energy conversion apparatus 101 further includes containers 31 formed on the magnet retainer 2 and the spherical magnets 32 which are housed in the containers 31 so as to be freely rotated. The configurations of the other components of the energy conversion apparatus 101 are the same as those of the components that correspond to the energy conversion apparatus 100 illustrated in Figure 1 and, therefore, the descriptions will not be repeated subsequently.
[00147] The container 31 is disposed between two coils 8. The container 31 is supported, for example, by a support member which is installed so as to surround the enclosure 5. In that enclosure, an arrangement of the container 31 is determined in a way that the supporting member does not interfere with the window part 5a of the housing 5. It is noted that a method and a unit for securing the container 31 are not particularly limited.
[00148] The spherical magnets 32 are permanent magnets. Spherical magnets 32 play a role in assisting the rotation of the permanent magnets 1 which are housed in the magnet retainer 2. When the spherical magnets 32 are permanent magnets, one type of them is not particularly limited. In addition, a spherical magnet size 32 is also determined appropriately.
[00149] Figure 26 is a view to describe an assist of rotating the permanent magnet through the spherical magnet. Figure 26A illustrates a first stage of rotation of the permanent magnet. Figure 26B illustrates a second stage of rotation of the permanent magnet. Figure 26C illustrates a third stage of rotation of the permanent magnet. For convenience of illustration, in Figure 26, the plurality of permanent magnets 1 is illustrated in order to move linearly from left to right on the paper.
[00150] First, as illustrated in Figure 26A, in the first step, a pole S of the spherical magnet 32 is assumed to be directed downwards. During the movement of the plurality of permanent magnets 1, a pole S of a certain permanent magnet approaches the pole S of the spherical magnet 32. In this way, the permanent magnet repels the spherical magnet 32. As the permanent magnet 1 is retained in the retainer of magnet 2, spherical magnet 32 is influenced by repulsion. In this way, the spherical magnet 32 is rotated. By rotating the spherical magnet 32, an N pole of the spherical magnet 32 is directed downwards.
[00151] Then, as illustrated in Figure 26B, in the second step, the attraction occurs between the pole S of the permanent magnet and the pole N of the spherical magnet 32. Through a component part in a forward direction of the plurality of magnets permanent 1 in this attraction, rotation of the plurality of permanent magnets 1 is aided.
[00152] Continuously, as shown in Figure 26C, in the third step, the N pole of the permanent magnet described above or the next permanent magnet approaches the N pole of the spherical magnet 32. Thus, the repulsion occurs again and the spherical magnet 32 is rotated again. The rotation of the spherical magnet 32 allows the S pole of the spherical magnet 32 to be directed downwards. As the attraction occurs between the N pole of the permanent magnet and the S pole of the spherical magnet 32, a component part in the forward direction of the plurality of permanent magnets 1 is caused. Subsequently, the states illustrated in Figures 26A to 26C are repeated.
[00153] To make the descriptions understandable, in Figure 26, the permanent magnets 1 that are housed in the magnet boxes 2a of the magnet retainer 2 are illustrated. As described above, permanent magnet 1 is configured by a plurality of magnet blocks (see Figures 7 and 8). An advantage exerted between each of the plurality of magnet blocks and the spherical magnet 32 is the same as that illustrated in Figure 26.
[00154] As described above, according to the second embodiment, the magnet retainer 2 in which the permanent magnets are housed is rotated more slightly by the spherical magnet. EXAMPLE OF MODIFICATION OF ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICE CONFIGURATION
[00155] The configuration of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the configuration described above. Hereinafter, examples of modifying the configuration described above to rotate magnet retainer 2 slightly will be described. In addition, the following modification examples can be combined appropriately with the configuration described above.
[00156] Figure 27 is a view that illustrates a first example of modification of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 27, in the casing 5, a wheel 36 is provided in addition to the wheel 6. The wheel 36 has the same configuration as that of the wheel 6 and includes circular plates 36a and 36b and a rotating axis 36c that connects the plates circulars 36a and 36b. In addition, wheel 36 is also preferably provided in plurality in the same manner as wheels 6. Therefore, members of definition 39 are provided to define a relative distance between a plurality of wheels 36. The geometric axis of rotation 36c of wheel 36 is passed through definition member 39. Over a configuration of definition member 39, the same configuration as that of definition member 9 illustrated in Figures 14 to 16 is adopted.
[00157] The wheel 36 is located on the opposite side of the wheel 6 in relation to the magnet retainer 2, namely, outside the magnet retainer 2. In the configuration illustrated in Figure 27, an extension part 3b extending to the exterior of the magnet retainer 2 along a radial direction of the cover 3 is formed on the cover 3. The wheel 36 is placed in contact with the extension part 3b of the cover 3 and the bottom surface of the housing 5.
[00158] According to the configuration described above, the cover 3 to which the magnet retainer 2 is attached is supported by the plurality of wheels 6 and the plurality of wheels 36. Thus, the entire weight of the magnet retainer 2, of the cover 3 and gear 4 is distributed among more wheels. In this way, as a force applied to a wheel is reduced, the wheels are turned slightly. In this way, the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slightly. As the magnet retainer 2 is rotated slightly, for example, the number of permanent magnets that are housed in the magnet retainer 2 is also increased. As a result, the output of the energy conversion device is further increased.
[00159] Figure 28 is a view illustrating a second example of modification of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 28, the bottom part of the magnet retainer 2 is processed so as to be in contact with the rolling elements 7a and 7b. The scroll elements 7a and 7b are arranged on the bottom surface of the housing 5 and assist the rotation of the magnet retainer 2.
[00160] Like the previous one, in the case where the wheel 6 is not supplied, the entire weight of the magnet retainer 2, the cover 3 and the gear 4 is applied to the scroll elements 7a and 7b. Therefore, there is a possibility that when the weight of the magnet retainer 2 increases, the magnet retainer 2 will be rotated slowly. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cover 3 to which the magnet retainer 2 is attached is supported by the wheel 6. Thus, a force applied to the rolling elements 7a and 7b is small. Note that the scroll elements need not be limited to being arranged in both two parts of the bottom part of the magnet retainer 2. The scroll element can be provided in just any of the two parts of the bottom part of the magnet retainer. magnet 2 shown in Figure 28.
[00161] Figure 29 is a view illustrating a third example of modification of the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 29, the teeth of gear 4 are directed next to the geometric axis of rotation of the magnet retainer 2. In this way, the window part 5a of the housing 5 is formed so as to be directed next to the geometric axis of rotation of the magnet retainer 2. As described above, the teeth of gear 4 can be directed to either side of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the housing 5. EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION
[00162] Figure 30 is a view illustrating an example in which the energy conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is used as a generator. Figure 31 is a side view to schematically describe the configuration illustrated in Figure 30.
[00163] With reference to Figures 30 and 31, gear 4 is coupled to an external gear 41. Gear 41 is connected to a geometric axis of rotation of a motor 42 as a power source. The power is supplied to the motor 42 from a power source 43 in order to rotate the gear 41. Thus, the gear 4 of the energy conversion apparatus 100 is rotated. That is, the mechanical energy is given to the energy conversion device 100. As the magnet retainer 2 is rotated by rotating the gear 4, the permanent magnets 1 pass through the coils 8. As a result, the power is removed from the coils 8.
[00164] The application of the generator and the application of the power taken from the coils 8 are not particularly limited. Furthermore, in Figure 31, motor 42 is illustrated as the power source for turning gear 41. However, the power source for turning gear 41, namely, a source of mechanical energy supply is not particularly limited. For example, an internal combustion (engine mechanism) can be used as a source of power. In addition, gear 41 can be rotated, for example, by a rolling mechanism with the use of work force.
[00165] Figure 32 is a view illustrating an example in which the energy conversion apparatus according to the modality of the present invention is used as a motor (electric motor). Figure 33 is a side view to schematically describe the configuration illustrated in Figure 32. Referring to Figures 32 and 33, a plurality of stators 45 are arranged at a predetermined electrical angle outside the magnet retainer 2. The predetermined electrical angle is determined in accordance with the arrangement of the plurality of coils 8. As shown in Figure 32, when seen in two dimensions, a stator 45 is disposed between two coils 8. Stator 45 is configured by a core and a coil wound around the core .
[00166] The window part 5a of housing 5 is formed, for example, in an upper part of housing 5 so as not to interfere with stator 45. Gear 4 is engaged with an external gear 46. When a current polarity of plurality of stators 45 is switched, the plurality of permanent magnets 1 which is arranged on the magnet retainer 2 in a ring shape is rotated.
[00167] The current polarity of each of the 45 stators is switched, for example, by a switch (not shown). In this housing, the switch is rotated together with the magnet retainer 2. The switch can be rotated, for example, together with gear 46. Alternatively, a current can be applied to the coils of the stators 45 in order to generate a field rotating magnetic in the plurality of 45 stators. Several known technologies are applied and a magnetic field generated in the plurality of 45 stators is subsequently switched. Thus, the magnet retainer 2 in which the plurality of permanent magnets 1 are housed is rotated.
[00168] According to the configuration described above, by rotating the magnet retainer 2, the mechanical energy is removed from the energy conversion apparatus 100. In addition, power is also generated in the plurality of coils 8. The power generated in the plurality of coils 8 is put to practical use for various purposes.
[00169] Furthermore, a current whose polarity is switched can flow through each of the plurality of coils 8 in order to generate the rotating magnetic field in the plurality of coils 8. In this housing, the magnetic retainer 2 is rotated without depending on the stators 45.
[00170] Figure 34 is a schematic view illustrating another example of the energy conversion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 34, in an energy conversion apparatus 201, stators 45, a magnet ring 51, coils 52 and a stator 55 are added to energy conversion apparatus 100. The plurality of stators 45 is arranged in the exterior of the energy conversion apparatus 100. The magnet ring 51 is arranged to surround the plurality of stators 45. The magnet ring 51 is configured by a plurality of permanent magnets that are arranged in a ring shape. The magnet ring 51 is configured, for example, by a magnet retainer that has the same configuration as that of the magnet retainer 2 and a plurality of permanent magnets that are inserted into the magnet retainer.
[00171] Coil 52 is wound around magnet ring 51. Stator 55 is arranged outside magnet ring 51 and coils 52. A current whose polarity is switched is allowed to flow through each of the stators 45 and of the stator 55 to thus rotate the inner magnet ring (magnet retainer 2 of the energy conversion device 100) and the sternum magnet ring 51 (magnet ring added). As a result, power is drawn from the energy conversion apparatus 100 (coils 8) and coils 52 (coils added). In this way, the output of the energy conversion device is further increased.
[00172] Figure 35 is a schematic view that illustrates yet another example of the energy conversion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 35, an energy conversion apparatus 202 has a configuration in which stators 45, magnet ring 51 and coils 52 are added to energy conversion apparatus 100. A gear 56 is formed in the magnet ring 51. Magnet ring 51 is configured, for example, by the same configurations as those of magnet retainer 2, cover 3 and gear 4.
[00173] The stators 45 are arranged between the energy conversion apparatus 100 and the magnet ring 51. That is, in the configuration of Figure 35, the stators 45 common to the internal magnet ring (magnet retainer 2 of the conversion apparatus 100) and external magnet ring 51 (magnet ring added) are provided.
[00174] The number of teeth of gear 56 of magnet ring 51 is the same as that of gear 4 of energy conversion apparatus 100. Magnet ring 51 is rotated in synchronization with gear 4, namely the retainer magnet 2 of the energy conversion apparatus 100. For this purpose, for example, a synchronization mechanism, to be described below, is used. To prevent the figure from being complicated, in Figure 35, gear 4 is shown on only part of the energy conversion apparatus 100 and gear 56 is shown on only part of magnet ring 51. Note that the configuration of the energy conversion apparatus 100 is as described above and gear 4 is formed over the entire periphery of the magnet ring. Similarly, gear 56 is formed over the entire periphery of magnet ring 51.
[00175] Figure 36 is a view that illustrates an example of a mechanism configuration in which two magnet rings are rotated in synchronization with each other. Referring to Figure 36, a synchronization mechanism 61 includes gears 62 and 63, a geometry axis of rotation 64 and support members 65. Gear 62 is engaged with gear 4 of the energy conversion apparatus 100. Gear 63 is attached to gear 56. Note that Figure 36 illustrates part of gears 4 and 56. Gears 62 and 63 are connected to the axis of rotation 64. Both ends of the axis of rotation 64 are supported by two support members 65, respectively. The number of these in gear 62 and that in gear 63 are the same with each other.
[00176] According to the configuration illustrated in Figures 35 and 36, both the magnet retainer of the energy conversion apparatus 100 and the magnet ring 51 are rotated by a stator 45. Rotating the two magnet rings at the same time, power is drawn from coil 8 of the energy conversion apparatus 100 and coil 52. In this way, the output of the energy conversion apparatus is further increased.
[00177] Furthermore, in the configuration illustrated in Figures 35 and 36, in place of the energy conversion apparatus 100, the energy conversion apparatus 202 may include the energy conversion apparatus 101 according to the second embodiment. In addition, the energy conversion apparatus 202 illustrated in Figure 35 can be prepared in plurality and a plurality of energy conversion apparatus 202 can be mounted in the up and down direction (corresponding to the perpendicular to the paper surface of Figure 35). The configuration described above allows more output to be obtained.
[00178] The modalities revealed in the present are, therefore, considered in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims instead of the previous description and any changes that are within their meaning and range and equivalence must be covered by them.
[00179] NUMERICAL REFERENCE LISTING 1 Permanent magnet 1.1, 1.2 Magnet block 2 Magnet retainer 2.1 to 2.8 Part 2a Magnet box 2b 2d screw hole, 10c Pin hole 2e Concave part 2f, 2h, 2i Convex part 2g Pin 3 Cover 3a, 3b Extension part 4, 41, 46, 56, 62, 63 Gear 5 Housing 5a Window part 6, 36 Wheel 6a, 6b, 36a, 36b Circular plate 6c, 23a, 36c, 64 Geometric axis of rotation 7 Scroll element 8, 52 Coil 9, 39 Member of definition 9a Through hole 10 Spool 10b, 11 Screw 12 Circumference 15 Base 16a to 16d, 23b Contact part 21 Bearing 21a Support 21b Ball 23 Roller 31 Container 32 Spherical magnet 42 Motor 43 Power supply 45, 55 Stator 47 Switch 51 Magnet ring 61 Synchronization mechanism 65 Support member 100, 101, 201, 202 Energy conversion device

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[0001]
1. Energy conversion device (100) to perform the conversion from one to another among electrical energy and mechanical energy, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a magnet ring (2,3,4), whose direction of the central geometric axis it is vertical, the magnet ring including: a magnet retainer (2) in the shape of a ring in which a plurality of magnet boxes (2a) is formed, the upper part of which is open; at least one permanent magnet (1) which is housed in each of the plurality of magnet boxes (2a) of the magnet retainer (2), each of the at least one permanent magnet (1) being magnetized along a circumferential direction the magnet retainer (2); a cover (3) that is formed in a ring shape that has a width greater than that of the magnet retainer (2) and that is fixed to an upper surface of the magnet retainer (2) so as to have the same center as that of the magnet retainer (2) and which has an extension part (3a) that extends in a radial direction of the magnet retainer (2) from the magnet retainer (2); a gear (4) that is attached to the cover (3) and the magnet retainer (2) so as to have the same center as that of the magnet retainer (2) and the cover (3) and, each of the at least an adjacent permanent magnet (1) is arranged so that opposite polarities face each other in a magnet box (2a) of the magnet retainer (2), if the number of the at least one permanent magnet (1) is plural form; the energy conversion apparatus further comprising: a ring-shaped housing (5), the central geometric axis of which is common to the central geometric axis of the magnet ring, which houses the magnet ring (2, 3, 4) and in which a window part (5a) is formed to expose part of the gear (4) to an exterior; a plurality of wheels (6) which are arranged between an inner surface of the housing (5) and the magnet retainer (2) so as to be in contact with a bottom surface of the housing (5) and the extension part (3a ) of the cover (3); a defining member (9) through which each geometric axis of rotation of the plurality of wheels (6) is passed and which defines a relative distance between the plurality of wheels (6); and at least one coil (8) which is wound around the housing (5).
[0002]
2. Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that each of the plurality of wheels (6) includes at least two circular plates (6a, 6b) that are connected through the axis geometric rotation.
[0003]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it additionally comprises a scroll element (7) which is disposed between an inner surface of the housing (5) and at least one between the cover (3) and the magnet retainer (2).
[0004]
4. Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that an internal radius of the gear (4) is greater than that of the housing (5), and the scroll element (7) is between the gear (4) and the inner surface of the housing (5).
[0005]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it additionally comprises: a container (31) which is provided on the housing (5); and a spherical magnet (32) which is housed in the container (31) so that it can be freely rotated in the container (31) according to a force of repulsion or attraction with each of the plurality of permanent magnets (1), the spherical magnet (32) including both a hemispherical part magnetized on N pole and another hemispheric part magnetized on S pole.
[0006]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a cross section of the magnet retainer (2) along a radial direction of the magnet retainer (2) it is approximately rectangular, a cross section of the housing (5) along a radial direction of the housing (5) is approximately rectangular, and a cross section of the coil (8) along a radial direction of the coil (8) is approximately rectangular .
[0007]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energy conversion apparatus (100) is a generator, and the gear (4) is coupled to a gear from a power source.
[0008]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energy conversion apparatus (100) is a motor, and the motor additionally includes a stator (45) which is arranged facing the enclosure (5).
[0009]
Energy conversion apparatus (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the stator (45) is provided outside the housing (5), in which the energy conversion apparatus (100) comprises additionally: an added magnet ring (51) which is provided outside the stator (45) and which includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape, a coil (52) added through which the magnet ring (51 ) added is passed, and an added stator (55) that is disposed outside the added magnet ring (51).
[0010]
Energy conversion apparatus (100), according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the stator (45) is provided outside the housing (5), in which the energy conversion apparatus (100) comprises additionally: an added magnet ring (51) which is provided outside the stator (45), and in which a gear (56) has the same number of teeth as those of gear (4) and which includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a ring shape, an added coil (52) through which the added magnet ring (51) is passed; and a synchronization mechanism (61) for mutually synchronizing the rotations of the magnet ring (2, 3, 4) and the added magnet ring (51); wherein the synchronization mechanism includes: a first gear which is engaged with the gear (4); a second gear which is engaged with the added gear (56); and a geometric axis of rotation that connects the first and second gears, in which the number of teeth of the first gear and the number of teeth of the second gear are equal to each other.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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EP2871757B1|2018-11-21|

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WO2014007078A1|2014-01-09|

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CN104584399B|2016-04-13|

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CA2873558A1|2014-01-09|

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EP2871757A4|2016-05-18|

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CN104584399A|2015-04-29|

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DK2871757T3|2019-02-18|

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RU2581842C1|2016-04-20|

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BR112014033016A2|2017-08-01|

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US8994238B2|2015-03-31|

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CA2873558C|2015-11-10|

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KR101548282B1|2015-08-28|

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US20140368095A1|2014-12-18|

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IN2014DN11192A|2015-10-02|

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EP2871757A1|2015-05-13|

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JP5153955B1|2013-02-27|

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JP2014011932A|2014-01-20|

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KR20150029730A|2015-03-18|

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法律状态:
2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2020-01-07| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-02-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-30| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 21/06/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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JP2012-149226|2012-07-03|

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JP2012149226A|JP5153955B1|2012-07-03|2012-07-03|Energy converter|

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PCT/JP2013/067070|WO2014007078A1|2012-07-03|2013-06-21|Energy conversion device|

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