• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    FLEXIBLE TUBE NOT UNITED. The invention relates to a flexible tube not joined, with a length and a longitudinal geometric axis. The tube comprises an internal seal liner (63) defining a hole, a pressure shield layer (65), an intermediate seal liner (64) and a tensile shield (67). The pressure shield layer (65) is arranged and a circular crown provided between the inner sealing lining (63) and the intermediate sealing lining (64) and comprises at least one elongated metal element, arranged with pressure shielding interstices. (65a). The traction shield (67) is arranged on the outside of the intermediate seal liner (64). The intermediate sealing liner (64) forms a drainage layer or the unattached flexible tube further comprises a drainage layer (66) arranged in the circular crown. The drainage layers comprise at least one drainage path arranged along the length of the tube, in which the drainage path is in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices (65a). The drainage layers optionally comprise a perforated tube (66a).
    公开号:BR112014032852B1
    申请号:R112014032852-8
    申请日:2013-06-13
    公开日:2020-11-03
    发明作者:Kristian Glejbøl
    申请人:National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] The invention relates to a flexible tube not attached, in particular for offshore and submarine transport of fluids such as hydrocarbons, CO2, water and mixtures thereof. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Non-flexible flexible tubes of this type are, for example, described in the “Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe”, ANSI / API 17 B, fourth edition, July 2008, and in the standard “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe”, ANSI / API 17J, third edition, July 2008. Such tubes usually comprise an inner liner also often called an inner seal liner or an inner liner, which is the innermost seal liner and which forms a barrier against the flow of outlet of the fluid that is transported in the bore of the tube, and one or more layers of shielding. Often, the tube also comprises an external protection layer, which provides mechanical protection for the shielding layers. The external protection layer can be a sealing layer, sealing against the ingress of sea water. In certain unconnected flexible tubes, one or more intermediate sealing layers are arranged between the shield layers.
    [003] In general, flexible hoses are expected to have a lifetime of 20 years in operation.
    [004] Examples of unconnected flexible tubes are, p. described in US 6,978,806; US 7,124,780; US 6,769,454 and 6,363,974.
    [005] The term “not joined” in this text means that at least two of the layers including the shielding layers and the polymeric layers are not joined together. In practice, the known tube normally comprises at least two layers of shield located outside the inner seal liner and, optionally, a shield structure located within the inner seal liner, commonly referred to as a housing.
    [006] The term "sealing coating" is used here to denote a liquid impermeable layer normally comprising or consisting of polymer. The term "inner seal liner" means the innermost seal liner. The term "intermediate seal liner" means a seal liner that is not the inner seal liner and that comprises at least one additional layer on its outer side. The term "external sealing coating" means the most external sealing coating ".
    [007] The shielding layers usually comprise or consist of one or more helically wound elongated shielding elements, where the individual shielding layers are not joined together directly or indirectly, via other layers along the tube. In this way, the tube becomes foldable and flexible enough to be fully rolled up for transport.
    [008] For many applications, a pipe of the type above will need to satisfy numerous requirements. First of all, the tube must have a high mechanical resistance to withstand the forces to which it will be subjected during transportation, positioning and operation. The internal pressure (inside the tube and out) and the external pressure (outside the tube) are usually very high and can vary. The unconnected flexible tubes are therefore usually shielded with at least one pressure shielding layer composed of helically wound steel elements, which are wound with a relatively high winding angle towards the geometric axis of the tube. It is well known that such pressure shielding steel elements require protection from contact with seawater and, therefore, pressure shielding steel elements are usually applied in a circular crown between the inner seal liner and a liner. of sealing very often together with one or more layers of tensile shielding, comprising elongated shielding elements, wound with a relatively low winding angle with the geometric axis of the tube.
    [009] In order to reduce the risk of damage to the tube, due to the increased pressure in the circular ring caused by gases, such as CO2, H2S and H2O, which diffuse through the inner sealing coating of the tube hole, the circular ring it often comprises a means for ventilating such a circular crown normally through the passages between the tensile shield elements. Another purpose of draining the gases diffused through the internal seal liner is that such gas often comprises highly corrosive components, originating from the fluid carried in the pipe bore, such as H2S.
    [0010] However, in some situations the pressure shield layer or layers and the tensile shield layer or layers are separated by a sealing coating and, in such cases, this has proved to be difficult to provide sufficient and safe drainage. of the unwanted gas from the circular crown comprising the pressure layer (s), in particular because such pressure shielding elements generally need to be very closely densified and are often interlocked in order to provide sufficient protection against explosion and damage due to the high internal pressure of the tube.
    [0011] US 7,124,780 describes a flexible tube, having an inner sealing liner, a pressure shield, an intermediate sealing liner, at least one traction shield layer and an external sealing liner. The circular crown, formed by the inner annular space, between the inner seal liner and the intermediate seal liner, comprises a drainage layer that is used to drain the gases present in the annular space, in which the drainage layer is formed by a short-step winding of at least one long element having transverse drainage holes or spaces, which can drain gases between successive turns of the winding.
    [0012] US 6,769,454 describes a flexible tube comprising an inner seal liner defining an inner longitudinal passage and at least one longitudinally extending tube, embedded in the inner seal liner and extending the length of the inner seal liner . The tube is adapted to receive any gases permeating through or into the inner layer and to vent gases from the tube. The tube further comprises an outer seal jacket extending through the inner seal jacket.
    [0013] The above solutions can assist in removing unwanted gases from the circular crown. However, the solution provided simultaneously results in an unwanted weakening of the tube. Replacing parts of the shield layer with drainage means inevitably reduces the resistance of the pipe. In addition, it must be mentioned that the integrity of the internal seal liner is very important for the resistance of the pipe against leakage. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0014] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible, unattached tube, comprising from the inside (the hole) outward an internal sealing sheath, a pressure shielding layer, a sealing sheath and at least one shielding layer of traction and where gas diffused through the hole's internal seal liner can be removed in a simple and effective manner without resulting in an unwanted tube weakness.
    [0015] These and other objectives have been solved by the invention, as defined in the claims and as described here below.
    [0016] It has been found that the invention and its modalities have numerous additional advantages, which will be evident to the person skilled in the art from the following description.
    [0017] The unattached flexible pipe of the invention has a length that is usually about 50 m or greater, such as about 2 to 3 km or even more. The unattached flexible tube of the invention has a longitudinal geometric axis (sometimes also called the central geometric axis), which is the central geometric axis of the string. Usually the hole will be substantially of circular cross section, but it can also have other shapes, such as oval. All angles and directions determined with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis are determined when the pipe is in a straight position.
    [0018] The unattached flexible tube of the invention comprises an internal seal liner defining a hole, a pressure shield layer, an intermediate seal liner and a tensile shield. The pressure shielding layer comprises at least one elongated metallic element, arranged with pressure shielding interstices, and is arranged in a circular crown provided between the inner seal liner and the intermediate seal liner. The traction shield is arranged on the outside of the intermediate seal liner. The intermediate sealing liner forms a drainage layer or the unattached flexible pipe further comprises a drainage layer arranged in the circular crown. The drainage layer comprises at least one drainage path arranged along the length of the tube, where the drainage path is in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices.
    [0019] Providing the flexible pipe not joined with a drainage layer with a drainage path arranged along the length of the pipe, the above objective was achieved in a simple, cost-effective manner, without causing any weakening of the pressure shield . According to the invention, the drainage layer comprises at least one drainage path in fluid communication with the pressure shielding interstices, so that the gas can be drained from the circular crown via the drainage path.
    [0020] In an embodiment of the invention, the pressure shielding layer comprises or consists of a single elongated metallic wire, which is helically wound and preferably interlocked with itself in the adjacent windings.
    [0021] In an embodiment of the invention, the pressure shielding layer comprises or consists of two or more elongated metal wires, which are helically wound and preferably interlocked in adjacent windings.
    [0022] The structures of the pressure shielding layers including interlocking pressure shielding layers are well known in the art, see, p. eg, “Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe", ANSI / API 17 B, fourth edition, July 2008, and the “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe” standard, ANSI / API 17J, third edition, July 2008, as well as US 6,978,806. A preferred pressure shield layer structure is as described in any of WO1008 / 077409, W02009 / 024156 and W02012DK050021.
    [0023] In order for the unconnected flexible tube to have a desired flexibility, the pressure shield layer comprises interstices referred to as pressure shield layer interstices between windings of the at least one elongated metallic element. The interstices can be in the form of real distances between windings or the interstices can be provided by gaps between adjacent interlocking windings, that is, the adjacent windings can move laterally in relation to each other for a certain distance. This distance is called clearance.
    [0024] In one embodiment, the pressure shielding layer is an interlocked layer. The interlocking of the pressure shielding layer provides the unconnected flexible tube with increased explosion resistance, because the interlocking limits the maximum interstitial (gap) between adjacent windings.
    [0025] As mentioned above, the pressure shielding layer is in general high and intimately densified, in order to provide sufficient protection against explosion and damage, due to the high internal pressure of the pipe.
    [0026] The at least one elongated metallic wire is normally wound at a winding angle with the longitudinal geometric axis of the core part of the tube, which is at least about 55 degrees, in order to provide significant pressure force. In preferred embodiments, the at least one elongated metallic yarn is wound with significantly higher winding angles, e.g. at least about 70 degrees.
    [0027] In one embodiment, the pressure shielding layer comprises at least one elongated metallic wire, which is helically wound and optionally interlocked in the adjacent windings and the at least one elongated metallic wire is wound with a winding angle with the geometric axis longitudinal part of the core part of the tube that is at least about 75 degrees, such as at least about 80 degrees, such as about 85 degrees or higher.
    [0028] The drainage path preferably leads to an outlet where the gases can leave the crown circular. Such an outlet location can advantageously be arranged in an end fitting connected to the unattached flexible tube, but in principle the outlet location can be provided anywhere along the length of the unattached flexible tube. Usually, the outlet location will be provided with a one-way valve or a pressure relief valve or similar means, to regulate the flow of gases via the outlet location.
    [0029] In one embodiment, a pump is provided to pump applied to remove gases from the circular crown via the outlet.
    [0030] Optionally, the drainage path comprises two outlet locations and a maintenance fluid can be applied to pass through the ring to absorb and / or remove unwanted gases from there.
    [0031] It should be understood that the drainage path (s) can be applied for ventilation / removal and / or blasting of gases from the circular crown. In one embodiment, the drainage path (s) is / are configured to be sandblasted using a maintenance medium that is sandblasted through the circular crown.
    [0032] The expression "in the radial direction" means a direction of the geometric axis of the tube and radially outward.
    [0033] The terms "inside" and "outside" of a layer of the tube are used to designate the distance relative to the geometric axis of the tube, so that "inside a tube" means the area surrounded by the layer, that is, with a shorter axial distance than the layer, and "outside a layer" means the area not surrounded by the layer and not contained by the layer, that is, with an axial distance shorter than the layer.
    [0034] The expression "inner side" of a layer is the side of the layer facing the geometric axis of the tube. The “outer side” of a layer is the side of the layer facing away from the geometric axis of the tube.
    [0035] The term "inward" means in a direction towards the longitudinal geometric axis and the term "outward" means in a direction away from the longitudinal geometric axis of the tube.
    [0036] The term "essentially smooth" here means substantially free of cavities and protuberances that are visible to the common eye.
    [0037] The term "elevator" is used here to designate a conveyor line with a generally vertical orientation, eg, a tube elevator for transporting fluid or a cable elevator for transporting electricity, signals and the like. An umbilical is usually a cable elevator comprising several elements, that is, a cable-type elevator and / or tube-type elevator.
    [0038] It should be emphasized that the expression "understand / understand", when used here, is to be interpreted as an open term, that is, it must be understood to specify the presence of specifically cited detail (s), such as element (s) ), unit (s), integer (s), step (s), component (s) and combination (s), however it does not eliminate the presence or addition of one or more of the other details mentioned.
    [0039] The term “substantially” is used here to indicate that what is within common production tolerances and variations in production is included.
    [0040] The intermediate sealing lining mainly has the purpose of protecting the pressure shield layer against sea water, in order to avoid unwanted corrosion. This protection can also bind that a less expensive metal alloy can be applied to the elongated metal wire (s) of the pressure shield layer.
    [0041] In one embodiment, the intermediate sealing lining additionally forms the drainage layer. In this embodiment, the intermediate liner comprises at least one groove shaped channel on its internal side facing the pressure shielding layer and the groove shaped channel forms the drainage path or a perforated tube arranged within the groove shaped channel. drainage path.
    [0042] Since the intermediate seal liner is not subjected to excessive pressure of the fluid transported in the shaft, the resistance of the intermediate seal liner does not need to be very high and, if the risk of accumulating high pressure in the circular crown simultaneously is reduced, due to the drainage layer, the formation of a groove-shaped channel on the inner side of the intermediate seal liner does not result in any significant reduction in the resistance of the pipe, but it can, in fact, increase the resistance of the pipe.
    [0043] Proper size and shape of the groove-shaped channel and / or the tube depend on the pressure inside the hole and the depth of the sea for which the tube is intended for use and can, for example, be as described below.
    [0044] In this embodiment, where the drainage layer is provided by the intermediate seal liner, the circular crown between the internal seal liner and the intermediate seal liner preferably comprises only the pressure shield layer and an optionally perforated tube, forming the drainage path, as well as, optionally, other small elements that can be provided in the drainage path without blocking the drainage there.
    [0045] In one embodiment, the drainage layer is not the intermediate seal liner, but is an additional layer arranged within the circular crown. In this embodiment, the drainage layer comprises at least one drainage path and a polymeric panel structure forming the at least one drainage path. The polymeric panel structure is provided in order to ensure a sufficiently smooth surface for the layer applied to the drainage layer and at the same time the polymeric panel structure ensures that the drainage path is kept intact, even when the untied flexible pipe is in use under relatively high internal and / or external pressure.
    [0046] In one embodiment, the drainage path is provided simply by the groove-shaped channel (s) provided in the polymeric panel structure.
    [0047] In one embodiment, the drainage path is provided by interstices between sections of the polymeric panel structure. The interstices can be adjusted by spacing elements, which are arranged so that they do not block the drainage through the drainage path.
    [0048] In one embodiment, the drainage path is in the form of a perforated pipe, preferably comprising a plurality of perforations.
    [0049] The perforations in the perforated tube should preferably be of sufficient size and provided in a sufficient number, to ensure adequate drainage of the circular crown. The knowledgeable person may, by some tests, find a suitably perforated tube for a given unconnected flexible tube, designed for a certain use. The use of a perforated pipe to provide the drainage path ensures high stability of the drainage path. The perforated tube can, for example, be provided with polymer and / or metal.
    [0050] In one embodiment, the perforated tube comprises a plurality of perforations arranged so that they are facing towards the pressure shielding layer.
    [0051] In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure or intermediate seal liner and perforated tube are not bent together. In this modality, the perforations in the perforated tube do not need to face the pressure layer, however, for optimal drainage, it is desired that at least some of the perforations are facing towards the pressure shield layer.
    [0052] In one embodiment, where the drainage layer comprises the polymeric panel structure, it is desired that the polymeric panel structure does not essentially extend in the radial inward direction and / or in the radial outward direction of the perforated pipe. At least the perforated tube must not be fully embedded in the polymeric panel structure.
    [0053] In one embodiment, the perforated tube is partially embedded in the polymeric panel structure, so that passages are provided between perforations in the perforated tube and the interstices of the pressure shield layer.
    [0054] In one embodiment, where the drainage layer comprises the polymeric panel structure, it is desired that the polymeric panel structure provide a groove shaped silo for the perforated pipe. The groove-shaped silo is preferably such that the tube faces towards the pressure shield layer. Preferably, the perforated tube is completely contained within the groove shaped silo. In this way, gases can escape from the circular crown via the perforations in the perforated pipe and along the drainage path to an outlet location, where they are completely removed from the circular crown.
    [0055] In one embodiment, where the drainage layer comprises the polymeric panel structure, it is desired that the panel structure extends partially in the radial direction inward and / or the panel structure extends partially in the radial direction outward. perforated tube. In a preferred embodiment, the drainage layer is arranged outside the pressure shielding layer and the polymeric panel structure extends partially and not fully in the radial direction into the perforated tube, so that the perforated part of the tube faces inside, is not fully covered by the panel structure. In a preferred embodiment, the drainage layer is arranged within the pressure shielding layer and the panel structure extends partially and not fully in the radial direction outward from the perforated pipe, so that the outwardly facing portion of the perforated pipe does not be completely covered by the panel structure. Preferably, the part of the perforated tube that is not fully covered, comprises a plurality of perforations.
    [0056] The drainage layer can, in principle, be of sufficient thickness to provide the drainage path. In situations where the intermediate sealing lining provides the drainage layer, the drainage layer must be thick enough to provide the drainage path and, simultaneously, provide the desired seal against ingress of seawater. In the situation and that the drainage layer is an additional layer comprising a polymeric panel structure, the thickness of the drainage layer and, thus, the polymeric panel structure, should preferably be at least the radial extent (e.g., the radial outer diameter) of the drain path, so that the drain path, p. eg in the form of a perforated pipe, do not protrude radially outward or into the drainage layer.
    [0057] In an embodiment comprising a perforated tube, the perforated tube has an external radial diameter determined in the radial direction and the drainage layer has a determined thickness in the radial direction, where the thickness of the drainage layer is up to about 5 times , such as up to about 4 times, such as up to about 3 times, such as up to about 2 times, such as up to about 1.5 times the radial outer diameter of the perforated tube.
    [0058] In one embodiment, the perforated pipe has an external radial diameter determined in the radial direction and the drainage layer has a determined thickness in the radial direction, where the thickness of the drainage layer is at least 1.1 times, such at least 1.5 times, such as at least about 2 times the radial outside diameter of the perforated tube. In this embodiment, it is desired that the panel structure provides a groove shaped silo for the perforated pipe, so that the pipe faces towards the pressure shield layer.
    [0059] In an embodiment comprising a perforated tube, the perforated tube has an external radial diameter determined in the radial direction and the drainage layer has a determined thickness in the radial direction, where the thickness of the drainage layer is at least about 75% of the radial outer diameter of the perforated tube, so that at least about 80%, such as at least about 85%, such as at least about 90%, such as at least about 95%, preferably the thickness the drainage layer is substantially equal to the radial outside diameter of the perforated pipe.
    [0060] In one embodiment, where the drainage layer comprises a polymeric panel structure, the polymeric panel structure simultaneously forms a thermal insulating layer. In this embodiment, the polymeric panel structure is preferably provided with a material having a relatively thermal conductivity. Preferably, the polymeric panel structure exhibits a thermal conductivity of about 0.3 W / mK or less, such as about 0.25 W / mK or less, such as about 0.2 Wm.K or less, as like about 0.15 W / mK or less. Suitable materials are known to the skilled person. Preferred materials are described below.
    [0061] The drainage layer of the unbonded flexible tube advantageously comprises a plurality of perforated tubes, such as at least 2, such as at least 4 perforated tubes. The tubes can be arranged in any configuration, preferably with due deference to maintain the flexibility of the tube.
    [0062] In one embodiment, the drainage path is arranged to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal geometric axis of the pipe. This modality is particularly advantageous in situations where the drainage path is provided by the channel formed into a groove only or in situations where the drainage path is in the form of a perforated pipe, where the perforated pipe is of a very flexible material, such as an elastomeric polymer, e.g. rubber.
    [0063] In one embodiment, the drainage path is arranged to extend helically along the length of the pipe. In this way the drainage path can be provided by any means, without resulting in any reduction in the flexibility of the unconnected flexible pipe. In order to provide a quick and effective drainage via the drainage path, it is generally desired that the drainage path has a relatively low helical configuration relative to the longitudinal geometric axis of the pipe, as this will result in a relatively short travel distance to reach the Exit location, where the gas exits the ring. In one embodiment, the drainage path has a helical configuration with a helical angle of about 60 degrees or less to the longitudinal geometric axis, such as with a helical angle of about 55 degrees or less, such as with a helical fence angle 50 degrees or less, such as with a helical angle of about 45 degrees or less, such as with a helical angle of about 40 degrees or less.
    [0064] In one embodiment, the drainage path is arranged to extend with round or angular waveforms, generally referred to as an S-configuration or a Z-configuration, along the length of the tube. In this way, the drainage path is arranged in a non-straight configuration, while simultaneously maintaining the travel distance, to reach the relatively small exit location.
    [0065] The drainage layer of the unbonded flexible tube advantageously comprises a plurality of drainage paths with or without perforated tubes. In one embodiment, the plurality of drainage paths is applied in parallel, e.g. eg, equidistant from each other.
    [0066] The plurality of drainage paths can be of the same or different shape and / or size.
    [0067] In one embodiment, the plurality of drainage paths is substantially the same in shape and size along its length.
    [0068] In one embodiment, the drainage layer, comprising at least one drainage path, has a cross-sectional area that is substantially identical along its length.
    [0069] In one embodiment, the drainage layer comprising at least one drainage path, the drainage path leads to the outlet location where the gas can leave the circular crown, preferably the drainage path has a cross-sectional area that is greater in a section of length closer to the exit site than in a section of length farther from the exit site.
    [0070] In one embodiment, the drainage layer comprises a signal transmission element in the form of an electrical conductor.
    [0071] In the embodiment comprising a polymeric panel structure, the polymeric panel structure can, in principle, be provided by any method. The polymeric panel structure is in a folded over tube, rolled over tube or applied to a plurality of panel sections.
    [0072] In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure is extruded over the tube. Optionally, the groove shaped channel (s) is / are provided in the extrusion process.
    [0073] The polymeric panel structure can advantageously have a relatively high hardness, to ensure that it can withstand the compressive forces without damaging the drainage path. In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure is of a material having an elastic module E> 1.5 GPa, such as an elastic module E> 2 GPa.
    [0074] In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure has a compression hardness in the axial direction of the tube of at least about 1 GPa / m.
    [0075] The polymeric panel structure preferably comprises at least about 75% by weight of polymer, such as at least about 80% by weight of polymer, such as at least about 85% by weight of polymer, such as at at least about 90% by weight of polymer, such as at least about 95% by weight of polymer. The remaining parts are preferably filler (s) and / or reinforcement (s).
    [0076] In order for the polymeric panel structure to have a high stability, it is generally desired that the polymeric panel structure is defoamed.
    [0077] Examples of materials suitable for the polymeric panel structure comprise a homopolymer or a copolymer comprising at least one of the materials in the group comprising polyefins, e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene (PP), such as PP hard linear copolymer, with a branched PP homopolymer; polyoxyethylenes (POE); cycloolefin copolymers (COC); polyamides (PA), p. e.g., polyamide-imide, pliamide-11 (PA-11), polyamide-12 (PA-12) or polyamide-6 (PA-6)); polyimide (PI); polyurethanes such as polyurethane-isocyanurate; polyesters; polyacetals; polyethers such as polyether sulfone (PES); polyoxides; polysulfides, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); thermoplastic elastomers, such as styrene block copolymers, such as poly (styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS) or their selectively hydrogenated versions SEBS and SEPs; thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), p. , comprising SEBS and / or SEPS; polysulfones, e.g. , polyarylsulfone (PAS); polyacrylates; polyethylene terephthalates (PET); polyether-ether-ketones (PEEK); polyvinyls; polyacrylonitriles (PAN); polyethercetonacetone (PEKK); and / or copolymers of the above; fluoro polymers, e.g. e.g. polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride (“VF2”) homopolymers or copolymers, trifluoroethylene (“VF3”) homopolymers or copolymers, copolymers or terpolymers comprising two or more different members of VF2, VF3, VF3, VF3 tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene or hexafluoropropene.
    [0078] In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure comprises reinforcement element (s), such as fibers, solid and / or hollow microspheres, e.g. made of glass, polymer or silica, preferably the polymeric panel structure comprises fibers, such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, silica fibers such as basalt fibers, steel fibers, polyethylene fibers , polypropylene fibers, mineral fibers and / or any combination thereof.
    [0079] In one embodiment, the polymeric panel structure comprises synthetic foam.
    [0080] In one embodiment, the drainage layer is arranged above the pressure shielding layer.
    [0081] In one embodiment, the drainage layer is arranged below the pressure shielding layer.
    [0082] In situations where the unattached flexible tube is adapted for use in relatively deep water, it is generally desired that the unattached flexible tube comprises a housing arranged within the inner sealing liner. The carcass may have any shape, as is generally known in the art.
    [0083] The tensile shield arranged on the outer side of the intermediate seal liner is preferably made of or comprises a plurality of helically wound elongated shield elements, preferably wound with a winding angle relative to the longitudinal geometric axis of up to about 55 degrees , such as from about 30 degrees to about 50 degrees. The tensile shield preferably comprises at least two layers of cross-wrapped tensile shield, each layer of tensile shield comprising a plurality of helically wound elongated shield elements. The traction shield is preferably provided with a material with a high tolerance to sea water. The traction shield (also referred to as traction reinforcement) can, for example, be like the traction reinforcement described in US 6,978,806. In a preferred embodiment, the tensile shield layer comprises a plurality of helically wound elongated shield elements, such as the elongated shield elements described in DK PA 2012 00185.
    [0084] The tensile shield preferably comprises or consists essentially of composite material, more particularly the tensile shield comprises or essentially consists of helically wound elongated composite shield elements.
    [0085] The term "composite material" is used here to designate a solid material, which is composed of two or more substances having different physical characteristics and in which each substance retains its identity while contributing to desirable properties for the whole. The composite material is preferably in the form of a polymer or polymeric mixture comprising reinforcement material, such as fibers embedded in it, e.g. by pultrusion.
    [0086] In one embodiment, the unattached flexible tube comprises an external sealing liner arranged outside the tensile shield. However, in a preferred embodiment, the unattached flexible tube comprises an external sealing liner, arranged outside the tensile shield. In the latter embodiment, the flexible tube not joined advantageously comprises an external liquid-permeable protective layer, e.g. as described in US 6,978,806.
    [0087] The unconnected flexible tube may comprise additional layer (s), such as additional insulation layer (s) and wear layers arranged above and / or below the shield layers and the like, as is known in and, for example, as described in “Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe”, ANSI / API 17 B, fourth edition, July 2008, and the standard “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe” ANSI / API 17J, third edition, July of 2008.
    [0088] The unattached flexible tube is preferably suitable for transporting underwater fluid, in particular for deep water applications and for transporting water or aggressive fluids, such as petrochemicals, e.g. from a production well to a marine surface facility.
    [0089] In a preferred embodiment, the unattached flexible tube is a rising tube, such as a rising tube suitable for transporting underwater fluid, such as petrochemicals, e.g. eg from an underwater installation, p. eg a production well for a superior installation, eg eg a sea surface installation.
    [0090] All details of the inventions, including preferred ranges and ranges can be combined in various ways within the scope of the invention, unless there are specific reasons for not combining such details. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0091] The invention will be explained more fully below, with respect to a preferred embodiment and with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a wall section of a prior art tube.
    [0092] Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a flexible pipe of the invention.
    [0093] Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of another flexible pipe of the invention.
    [0094] Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of a drainage layer of a flexible tube not joined by the invention.
    [0095] Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of another drainage layer of a flexible tube not joined by the invention.
    [0096] Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of yet another drainage layer of a non-attached flexible pipe of the invention.
    [0097] Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a wall section of a flexible tube not joined by the invention.
    [0098] Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration of a wall section of another flexible tube not joined by the invention.
    [0099] Fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of a perforated tube providing a drainage path in a flexible tube not joined by the invention, where the perforated tube comprises perforations arranged in line.
    [00100] Fig. 10 is a schematic illustration of another perforated pipe providing a drainage path in a flexible pipe not joined by the invention, in which the perforated pipe comprises groupings of perforations.
    [00101] Fig. 11 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a flexible tube not joined, in which the drainage path is provided by perforated tubes arranged in a drainage layer comprising a polymeric panel structure.
    [00102] Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of another flexible pipe not joined by the invention, in which the drainage path is provided by groove shaped channels, arranged in a drainage layer comprising a structure of drainage. polymeric panel.
    [00103] Fig. 13 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of yet another flexible pipe not joined by the invention, in which the drainage layer is provided by the intermediate sealing liner.
    [00104] The prior art tube shown in Fig. 1 is like the tube described in US 6.978.806 and comprises an internal sealing liner 3, which surrounds a housing 2, which is intended to provide the tube with collapse resistance of the inner seal liner 3, if the pressure difference between its outer and inner sides exceeds a pressure level that the inner seal liner itself can tolerate.
    [00105] Housing 2 is a traditional housing, consisting of a metal strip that is wound in a helical manner, so that it forms an internal structure of the tube. Outside the inner sealing lining 3, the tube comprises a pressure shield layer 5, 6 of elongated interlocking shield elements (reinforcement profiles) 5, 6. Outside the pressure shield layer, the tube comprises a sealing lining intermediate 4, so that a circular crown is provided between the inner seal liner 3 and the intermediate seal liner 4 and the pressure shield layer is arranged on the circular crown. Outside the intermediate sealing liner, the tube comprises a pair of tensile shielding layers 7, 8 of fiber-reinforced polymers or titanium-based alloys. More externally the tube comprises a liquid-permeable protective layer 1, p. eg made from an extruded thermoplastic material, which is perforated during or after extrusion or the liquid-permeable protective layer is a rolled layer of aramid strips embedded in a thermoplastic matrix.
    [00106] It is mentioned that the circular crown between the inner seal liner 3 and the intermediate seal liner 4 can be arranged to be ventilated or blasted with a cleaning liquid. However, as explained above, such ventilation or blasting has proved to be difficult or even impossible, due to the compression of the pressure shield layer.
    [00107] The flexible tube of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, comprises an inner sealing liner 13, sometimes also called an inner liner, e.g. high-density polyethylene (HDPE), cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), polyvinylfluoride (PVDF) or polyamide (PA). As explained above, the inner sealing liner 13 is intended to prevent the outflow of the transferred fluid into the bore of the tube, indicated with the bold arrow. In practice, the inner seal liner 13 will not fully ensure the prevention of the outflow of the fluid transported, as gases will permeate through the inner seal liner 13. Within the inner seal liner 13, the tube comprises a liner of inner seal 13. Within the inner seal liner 13 the tube comprises an inner shield layer 12, called a housing, which is usually metal and has the main purpose of reinforcing the tube against collapse. Housing 12 is not liquid-tight. On the outer side of the inner sealing liner 13, the unattached flexible tube comprises a drainage layer 16 and outside the drainage layer the tube comprises a pressure shielding layer 15, which is of elongated shielding element (s) ) helically wound metal, which are wound at a relatively high angle on the longitudinal axis of the pipe, as explained above, such as about 65 degrees or more, e.g. eg about 85 degrees. The pressure shield layer 15 is not liquid-tight, but comprises pressure shield interstices not shown, between the windings as explained above. The drainage layer 16 comprises at least one drainage path not shown, in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices and arranged along the length of the tube.
    [00108] Outside the pressure shield layer 15, the unconnected flexible tube of Fig. 2 comprises an intermediate seal jacket 14, so that a circular crown is formed between the inner seal jacket 13 and the intermediate seal jacket 14 and so that the pressure shield layer 15 and the drainage layer 16 are arranged in the circular crown.
    [00109] Two crossed shielded tensile shield layers 17a, 17b, wound with elongated shield elements, are arranged outside the intermediate seal liner 14. The elongated shield element of the innermost tensile shield layer 17a is, for example , wound with a winding degree of about 50 degrees or less, relative to the longitudinal geometric axis of the tube, in a first winding direction and the outermost tensile shield layer 17b is, for example, wound with a winding degree up to 55 degrees relative to the longitudinal geometric axis, in a second winding direction, which is opposite to the direction of the first winding direction. Such two layers of shielding with such opposite winding directions are usually referred to as being cross-wound.
    [00110] The tube further comprises a more external protective coating 11, which can be an external sealing coating (i.e., a liquid impermeable coating), but is preferably liquid permeable. Where the protective liner 11 is liquid impermeable, a second circular crown is formed between this outer most liquid impermeable protective liner 11 and the intermediate seal liner 14, and this second circular crown is preferably arranged to be ventilated or blasted through. , with a cleaning liquid, p. as described in EP 1 119 684, WO 2008/053142 or W02012DK50002.
    [00111] However, as mentioned, it is generally preferred that the outermost protective coating 11 is liquid-permeable and that the tensile shield is of a material that can tolerate contact with seawater, as described above.
    [00112] The unconnected flexible tube can advantageously comprise anti-wear layers not shown on both sides of the two crossed rolled-up tensile shield layers 17a, 7b and between the pressure shield layer 15 and the intermediate seal liner 14.
    [00113] The unattached flexible tube of the invention, shown in Fig. 3, comprises from inside out a housing 22, an internal sealing coating 23, a pressure shield layer 25, a drainage layer 26, a coating of intermediate seal 24, a pair of crossed coiled tensile shield layers 27a, 27b and an external liquid-permeable protective layer 21, in the form of an extruded polymeric layer with perforations 21a. The respective layers can, e.g. eg be as above. The inner seal liner 23 and the intermediate seal liner 24 form a circular crown in which the pressure shield layer 25 and the drain layer 26 are arranged. The pressure shield layer 25 comprises, not shown, pressure shield interstices between the windings, as explained above and the drainage layer 26 comprises at least one not shown drainage path in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices and arranged along the length of the tube. The drainage layer 26 is arranged closer to the inner seal liner 23 than the pressure shield layer 25, i.e., the drainage layer 26 is arranged under the pressure shield layer 25 and, advantageously, the protection structure polymeric panel of drainage layer 26 has a relatively low thermal conductivity and, therefore, handling device provides thermal insulation of the tube.
    [00114] Fig. 4 shows a drainage layer 36 of a non-attached flexible tube of the invention. The drainage layer 36 comprises a polymeric panel structure with a plurality of panel sections 36a framing two drainage paths 36b, 36c. Each of the two drainage paths 36b, 36c has a helical configuration along the length of the tube with opposite winding directions, so that they intersect. The two drainage paths 36b, 36c are formed by spacings between panel sections 36a. The spacing between panel sections 36a can be adjusted by spacing elements not shown, such as I-profile or II-profile elements.
    [00115] Fig. 5 shows a drainage layer 46 of a non-attached flexible tube of the invention. The drainage layer 46 comprises a polymeric panel structure with a plurality of panel sections 46a framing sections of drainage paths 46b forming a non-helical configuration. The drainage paths 46b are formed by spacing between panel sections 46a.
    [00116] Fig. 5 shows a drainage layer 56 of a non-attached flexible tube of the invention. Drainage layer 56 comprises a helically wound polymeric panel structure 56a, wound with helical interstice 56b between its windings. A perforated tube 56c is arranged at the helical interstice 56b forming a drainage path along the length of the tube. The diameter determined in the radial direction of the perforated tube 56c is advantageously not greater than the radially determined thickness of the helically wound polymeric panel structure 56a, so that the perforated tube 56c can be arranged entirely in the helical interstice 56b without protruding from there. Preferably, the diameter determined in the radial direction of the perforated tube 56c is substantially identical to the radially determined thickness of the helically wound polymeric panel structure 56a.
    [00117] Fig. 7 shows a wall section of a non-attached flexible pipe of the invention, comprising from inside the hole outward an inner sealing liner 63, an anti-wear layer 63a, a pressure shield layer 65, a layer drain 66, intermediate seal liner 64, tensile shield 67, p. eg, cross-wrapped, tensile shield layers not shown, and a liquid-permeable protective layer 61, in the form of a polymeric layer with perforations 61a. The respective layers can, e.g. be as described above.
    [00118] The unconnected flexible tube can additionally and advantageously comprise a housing not shown on the inner side of the inner sealing liner 63.
    [00119] The anti-wear layer 63a is permeable and is provided in order to protect the internal sealing coating 63 against unwanted depressions of the pressure shield layer 65.
    [00120] The pressure shield layer 65 comprises at least one elongated metallic element, arranged with pressure shield interstices 65a, which in the embodiment shown are relatively large, while in practice the pressure shield layer will be more compact and the interstices 65a will usually be relatively small.
    [00121] The drainage layer 66 comprises partially embedded drainage paths, in the form of perforated tubes 66a, in which the perforations not shown in the perforated tube 66a are arranged so that the pressure shield layer 65 is turned so that the drainage paths via the perforations of the perforated tube 66a are in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices 65a.
    [00122] Fig. 8 shows a wall section of another flexible tube not joined by the invention, comprising from inside (from the hole) and outward an internal sealing lining 73, a drainage layer 76, a pressure shield layer 75, an intermediate sealing liner 74, a tensile shield 77, p. eg, cross-wrapped, tensile shield layers not shown and a liquid-permeable protective layer 71 in the form of a polymeric layer with perforations 71a. The respective layers can, e.g. be as described above.
    [00123] Since the drainage layer 76 is applied between the inner seal liner 73 and the pressure shield layer 75, there is no need to apply an anti-wear layer above the inner seal liner 73. The surface of the drain 76, which is in direct contact with the inner seal liner 73, is advantageous and essentially smooth to protect the inner seal liner 73.
    [00124] The unconnected flexible tube can additionally advantageously comprise a housing not shown on the inner side of the inner sealing lining 73.
    [00125] The pressure shield layer 75 comprises at least one elongated metal element, arranged with pressure shield interstices 75a.
    [00126] The drainage layer 76 comprises a polymeric panel structure, which is applied with interstices 76b comprising drainage paths in the form of perforated tubes 76a, arranged therein. The perforated tubes 76a comprise perforations not shown, so that the drainage paths, via the perforations of the perforated tube 76a, are in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices 75a.
    [00127] Fig. 9 shows a section of a perforated tube 86a, providing a drainage path in a non-attached flexible tube of the invention, where the perforated tube comprises perforations 86b arranged in line.
    [00128] Fig. 10 shows a section of a perforated tube 96a providing a drainage path in a flexible tube not joined of the invention, wherein the perforated tube comprises perforations 96b arranged in clusters.
    [00129] Fig. 11 shows a flexible tube not joined of the invention, comprising inside and out a housing 102, an internal sealing coating 103, a drainage layer 106, a pressure shield layer 105, a coating intermediate seal 104 and tensile shield 107, p. eg, cross-wrapped, tensile shield layers not shown. The respective layers can, e.g. be as described above.
    [00130] The inner seal liner 103 and the intermediate seal liner 104 form a circular crown comprising the pressure shield layer 105 and the drainage layer 106. The pressure shield layer 105 comprises an elongated metallic element not shown, arranged with pressure shield interstices not shown.
    [00131] Drainage layer 106 comprises a polymeric panel structure comprising drainage paths in the form of perforated tubes 106 arranged within it. Perforated tubes 106a comprise perforations not shown, so that the drainage paths, via perforations in perforated tube 106a, are in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices.
    [00132] Fig. 12 shows a flexible tube not joined of the invention, in which the layers external to the intermediate seal liner 114 are not shown. The tube comprises from inside out a housing 112, an internal seal coating 113, a drainage layer 116, a pressure shield layer 115 and an intermediate seal coating 114.
    [00133] The inner sealing lining 113 and the intermediate sealing lining 114 form a circular crown comprising the pressure shield layer 115 and the drainage layer 116. The pressure shield layer 115 comprises an elongated metallic element not shown, arranged with pressure shield interstices not shown.
    [00134] The drainage layer 116 comprises a polymeric panel structure, comprising drainage paths 116a in the form of grooved channels, provided in the drainage layer 116 and facing the pressure shielding layer 115, so that the paths drainage systems 116a are in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices. A transmission element in the form of an electrical conductor 116b is arranged in the drainage path 116a.
    [00135] Figure 13 shows a non-joined flexible tube of the invention, comprising inside and out a housing 122, an internal seal liner 123, a pressure shield layer 125, a combined drainage layer and seal liner intermediate 126 combined and a tensile shield 127, p. eg coiled tensile shield layers not shown.
    [00136] The combined drainage layer and intermediate seal liner 126 provides both an intermediate seal function and drain paths to release gas from the circular crown.
    [00137] The internal seal liner 123 and the drainage layer and the intermediate seal liner 126 form a circular crown comprising only the pressure shield layer 125. The combined drainage layer and intermediate seal liner 126 comprise a plurality of groove shaped channels 126a on its inner side facing the pressure shield layer 125. Groove shaped channels 126a form drainage paths in fluid communication with pressure shield interstices not shown.
    [00138] Some preferred embodiments have been shown previously, however it should be noted that the invention is not limited to these, but can be incorporated in other ways within the subject defined in the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Flexible tube not joined, having a longitudinal length and geometric axis and comprising an internal sealing liner (23) defining a hole, a pressure shield layer (25), an intermediate sealing liner (24) and a shield traction (27a, 27b), wherein the pressure shield layer (25) comprises at least one elongated metal element arranged with pressure shield interstices and is arranged in a circular crown provided between the inner sealing lining (23) and the intermediate seal liner (24), the traction shield (27a, 27b) being arranged on the outside of the intermediate seal liner (24), characterized by the fact that the intermediate seal liner forms a drainage layer (26) or the flexible tube not joined further comprises a drainage layer arranged in the circular crown, the drainage layer (26) comprises at least one drainage path arranged along the length of the tube, wherein the drainage path is in fluid communication with the pressure shield interstices and in which the drainage path is in the form of a perforated tube (66a) comprising a plurality of perforations.
    [0002]
    2. Flexible pipe not connected according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the intermediate sealing coating (24) forms the drainage layer, the intermediate layer (24) comprises at least one groove shaped channel on its internal facing side for the pressure shield layer (25), preferably the groove shaped channel forms the drain path or a perforated tube arranged in the groove shaped channel forms the drain path.
    [0003]
    Flexible pipe not joined according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the perforated pipe (66a) comprises a plurality of perforations directed towards the pressure shielding layer, preferably the polymeric panel structure and the perforated tube are not joined together.
    [0004]
    Flexible pipe not joined according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the polymeric panel structure provides a groove shaped silo for the perforated pipe (66a), preferably so that the pipe turns in the direction to the pressure shield layer (25).
    [0005]
    A flexible pipe not connected according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the perforated pipe (66a) has an external radial diameter determined in the radial direction and the drainage layer has a determined thickness in the radial direction, where the thickness of the drainage layer is at least 1.1 times the outer radial diameter of the perforated pipe (66a), where the panel structure provides a groove shaped silo for the perforated pipe (66a), so that the pipe turns towards the pressure shield layer, preferably the panel structure provides thermal insulation, preferably the panel structure exhibits a thermal conductivity of 0.3 W / mK or less, such as 0.25 W / mK or less, such as 0.2 W / mK or less, such as 0.15 W / mK or less.
    [0006]
    A flexible pipe not connected according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the drainage layer comprises a signal transmission element, the signal transmission element being preferably arranged in a drainage path, preferably the transmission element is an electrical conductor.
    [0007]
    Flexible pipe not connected according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the polymeric panel structure is of a material having an elastic module E> 1.5 GPa, such as an elastic module E> 2 GPa .
    [0008]
    Flexible pipe not connected according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the polymeric panel structure has a compression hardness in the axial direction of the pipe of at least 1 GPa / m.
    [0009]
    Non-bonded flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the polymeric panel structure comprises reinforcement element (s), such as fibers, solid and / or hollow microspheres, made of glass , polymer or silica, preferably the polymeric panel structure comprises fibers, such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, silica fibers such as basalt fibers, steel fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, fibers minerals and / or any combination thereof.
    [0010]
    10. Unlinked flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the polymeric panel structure comprises synthetic foam.
    [0011]
    11. Non-bonded flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the non-bonded flexible tube comprises a housing (22) arranged within the inner sealing liner (23).
    [0012]
    12. Unconnected flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that the tensile shield (27a, 27b) comprises at least two layers of crossed shielded tensile shield, each layer of tensile shield ( 27a, 27b) comprises a plurality of helically wound elongated shield elements, preferably wound with a winding angle relative to the longitudinal geometric axis of up to 55 degrees, such as from 30 degrees to 50 degrees.
    [0013]
    13. Unconnected flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the tensile shield (27a, 27b) comprises or consists essentially of composite material, preferably the tensile shield comprises or consists essentially of elements shielding elongated helically wound composites, preferably, the unattached flexible tube comprises an outer protective layer (21), the outer protective layer (21) being preferably liquid permeable.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2870397A4|2016-02-24|
    US9482373B2|2016-11-01|
    US20160003382A1|2016-01-07|
    EP2870397B1|2019-09-11|
    BR112014032852A2|2018-05-02|
    EP2870397A1|2015-05-13|
    WO2014023311A1|2014-02-13|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-07-09| B06T| Formal requirements before examination|
    2020-06-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-11-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/06/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201270409|2012-07-06|
    DKPA201270409|2012-07-06|
    PCT/DK2013/050195|WO2014023311A1|2012-07-06|2013-06-13|An unbonded flexible pipe|
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