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    • 专利摘要:
    electrode block, layered cell, and mounting method for layered cell. an electrode block includes: an electrode group having a stacked structure with a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; cap members disposed on two ends of the electrode group in the stacked direction; and a first support member connected to the outer surfaces of the group of electrodes and cap members. the first supporting link is electrically connected to a first electrode that is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is not electrically connected to a second electrode, which is the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. in addition, the holes in the electrode group and cap members form a through hole, and a second support rod is attached to the through hole. thus, the electrode block is manufactured. then, the plurality of electrode blocks are housed in an outer casing and a stacked form, and a current collector is inserted into the through hole. thus, a layered cell is manufactured.
    公开号:BR112014030120B1
    申请号:R112014030120-4
    申请日:2013-12-07
    公开日:2021-06-15
    发明作者:Kaduo Tsutsumi
    申请人:Exergy Power Systems, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] The invention relates to an electrode block capable of improving cooling performance and preventing a short circuit and a contact failure; a layered cell; and an assembly method for the layered cell. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE TECHNIQUE
    [002] The electrode structures of a secondary battery are mainly classified into two types, namely, a spiral-wound type and a layered type. In a battery having the spiral-wound type electrode structure (a spiral-wound battery; referring to Patent Literature 1, for example), a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are spirally wound with a separator interposed between they are housed in a battery box. In a battery having a layered-type electrode structure (a layered cell; referring to Patent Literature 2, for example), an electrode group, including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are stacked alternately with a separator interposed between them is housed in a battery box. CITATION LIST PATENT LITERATURE
    [003] Patent Literature 1: JP 2002-198044 APatent Literature 2: JP 2000-048854 A SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL PROBLEM
    [004] With regard to the spirally wound battery described in Patent Literature 1, the separator with low thermal conductivity is provided in a multilayer manner between the surface and the center of the battery. As a result, even when the surface temperature of the battery box is close to an ambient temperature, a temperature of a portion around the center of the spirally wound battery becomes considerably high. High temperature inside the battery can impair battery performance.
    [005] The cylindrical layer cell described in Patent Literature 2 has a structure to collect electrical energy in such a way that the stacked electrodes are in contact with the terminals individually. Therefore, an initial failure can occur due to a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the course of assembling the cell in cylindrical layers. Also, a contact failure can occur because of the separator interposed between the electrode and the terminal. Furthermore, the electrode repeatedly contracts and expands by repeated charging and discharging. As a result, a contact failure between the electrode and the terminal can occur due to deformation and displacement of the electrode, which can result in a temporal failure.
    [006] In order to achieve a large battery capacity by assembling small batteries to form a battery pack, a lot of time and effort is required for the connection between the batteries. Also, if one of the batteries in the battery pack fails, it takes a lot of time and effort to replace the failed battery with a normal battery.
    [007] The invention was conceived to solve the above problems, and the objectives of the same are to contain a temperature rise inside a battery, to avoid a contact failure and a short circuit between the electrodes, and to provide a battery that can be easily assembled. SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM
    [008] An electrode block according to the invention includes: an electrode group having a stacked structure with a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; cap members disposed on two ends of the electrode group in the stacked direction; and a first support member connected to the outer surfaces of the group of electrodes and cap members. Here, the first support member is electrically connected to a first electrode which is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is not electrically connected to a second electrode, which is the other between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
    [009] Here, the “outer surfaces” refer to the surfaces, which face outwards, of the electrode group and cap members. According to this configuration, the first support member is connected to the outer parts of the electrode group and cap members to retain the electrode group and cap members. That is, the first support member serves to achieve an integral structure with the electrode group and the cap members. The integral structure facilitates the handling of the electrode group. The first support member can be provided to cover the electrode group and the cap members, except the circumferential edges of holes in the cap members. Alternatively, the first support member can be attached to at least the side surfaces of the electrode group and cap members for the following reason. That is, the first support member can integrally retain the electrode group and the cap members, even when the first support member is not bonded to the surfaces of the cap members.
    [010] The first support member can be formed by a metal plate or a plurality of short metal strips. Alternatively, the first support member can be formed from sheet metal.
    [011] The first support member is connected to the first electrode to act as a current collector terminal for the first electrode. The first electrode is connected to the first support member with thermal and electrically low resistance. The first support member is advantageously acting on the cooling and current collection for the first electrode.
    [012] Heat generated from the first electrode is transferred to the first support member. Heat generated from the second electrode is transferred to the first electrode through a separator. Heat generated from the electrode is transferred to the first support member with low thermal resistance.
    [013] The electrode block is configured to cool a surface of the first support member, thus easily restricting a temperature rise within it.
    [014] The electrode block is not provided with an outer jacket to house the electrode block, and a current collector for the second electrode. As will be described later, a battery actually includes an outer jacket, and a current collector for the second electrode, in addition to the electrode block. The electrode pad is one of the constituents of a battery.
    [015] Mounting such an electrode block in a module improves battery productivity. Compared to a battery that has a configuration where the electrodes are housed independently in a battery box, the electrode block can prevent the positive electrode and negative electrode from being damaged or dislodged, and therefore can prevent a contact failure and a short circuit. Also, adjusting the number of electrode pads to be housed in a battery box can easily increase and decrease a battery's capacity. In other words, increasing the number of electrode pads can easily increase battery capacity because the electrode pads are connected in parallel.
    [016] In the electrode block, preferably each of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator has a hole formed in a center thereof, an outer edge of the second electrode is covered with the separator, a circumferential edge of the hole in the first electrode is covered with the separator, an outer edge of the separator is covered with the first electrode, and a circumferential edge of the hole in the separator is covered with the second electrode. Thus, the separator certainly separates the first electrode and the second electrode from each other at the outer edge of the second electrode and the circumferential edge of the hole in the first electrode. Therefore, even when the electrodes are deformed, the electrodes do not contact each other at the outer edge and the circumferential edge of the hole. Furthermore, the separator is not interposed between the electrode and the terminal, and therefore does not cause contact failures. An outer diameter of the separator is larger than that of the second electrode, and a diameter of the orifice of the separator is smaller than that of the first electrode. An outer diameter of the first electrode is larger than that of the separator, and the orifice diameter of the separator is larger than that of the second electrode.
    [017] On the electrode block, preferably, the first support member has a plurality of protrusions formed on at least one side thereof. According to this configuration, the plurality of protrusions are formed on at least one of a surface that contacts the first electrode and a surface opposite the surface on the first support member. The plurality of protrusions engage the first electrode to securely retain the first electrode, to maintain the shape of the first electrode, and to ensure contact of the first electrode with the first support member. Preferably, the plurality of protrusions are formed at least on the surface contacting at least the first electrode. Thus, the plurality of protrusions prevents a contact failure between the first electrode and the first support member, even when the volume of the first electrode changes. Furthermore, the electrode block may further include a metal plate interposed between the first support member and the first electrode, the metal plate having a plurality of protrusions formed on at least one side thereof.
    [018] In the electrode block, preferably, the first electrode is delimited with a first separator that has a bag shape in a state where an outer edge of the first electrode is exposed from the first separator. Also on the electrode block, the second electrode can be delimited with a second separator which has a bag shape in a state where an inner edge of the hole in the second electrode is exposed from the second separator.
    [019] The first separator has the form of a bag formed in such a way that, for example, an inner edge of the same is connected by welding. The first electrode is enclosed with the bag-shaped separator in the state where the outer edge is exposed from the bag-shaped separator. The first separator can be manufactured in such a way that, for example, the first electrode is placed between the sheet-shaped separators and the inner edges of the separators are welded together. On the other hand, the second spacer is in the form of a bag formed in such a way that, for example, an outer edge thereof is connected by welding. The second electrode is delimited with the bag-shaped separator in the state where the inner edge of the same, that is, the circumferential edge of the hole is exposed from the bag-shaped separator. The second separator can be manufactured in such a way that, for example, the second electrode is placed between the sheet-shaped separators and the outer edges of the separators are welded together.
    [020] According to this configuration, the bag-shaped separators therein capture dust or foreign matter derived from the first and second electrodes, in the course of assembling the electrode block and in the course of transporting the electrode block, which prevents an internal short circuit.
    [021] In the electrode block, preferably, the first support member has a side surface portion that contacts a side surface of the electrode block, and portions bent from the side surface portion toward the centers of the cover members. According to this configuration, the first support member has the folded portions formed at both ends in the stacked direction, and the lateral surface portion located between the folded portions.
    [022] In the electrode block, the first support member is secured to the outer side surfaces of the cap members. According to this configuration, the end of the first support member in the stacked direction and the outer side surface of the cap member are fixed together, so that the electrode block is configured to have an integral structure. The first support member having no bent portion allows for reduction in the axial dimension of the electrode block.
    [023] In the electrode block, preferably, each of the cap members has a hole formed in the center of them, and the holes in the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the cap members form a through hole in a stacked state of the electrode group and cap members. The electrode block may additionally include a second support member attached to an interior surface of the through hole. Preferably, the second support member is electrically connected to the second electrode, and is not electrically connected to the first electrode. According to this configuration, both the second support member and the first support member retain the electrode group.
    [024] On the electrode block, preferably, the second support member has a plurality of protrusions formed on at least one side thereof. According to this configuration, the plurality of protrusions may be formed on at least one of a surface that contacts the second electrode and a surface opposite the surface on the second support member. The plurality of protrusions grip the second electrode to securely hold the second electrode and to ensure contact. Preferably, the plurality of protrusions are formed on at least the surface contacting the second electrode. Thus, the plurality of protrusions prevent a contact failure between the second electrode and the second support member, even when the volume of the second electrode changes. The electrode block may further include a metal plate interposed between the second support member and the second electrode, the metal plate having a plurality of protrusions formed on at least one side thereof.
    [025] A layered cell according to the invention includes: the electrode block; a tubular outer shell to house the electrode block; and a current collector that passes through the through hole in the electrode block. Preferably, the first electrode is electrically connected to the outer jacket, and the second electrode is electrically connected to the current collector.
    [026] According to this configuration, the outer jacket acts as a current collecting terminal for the first electrode. The first support member of the electrode block directly contacts an inner surface of the outer shell, or contacts the inner surface of the outer shell via an electrically conductive member. Thus, the first electrode is connected to the outer coating with thermally and electrically low resistance through the first support member, so that the outer coating is effectively acted upon in cooling and collecting current for the first electrode.
    [027] In addition, the inner edge of the hole in the second electrode, through which the current collector passes, totally or partially contacts the current collector in a direct manner or is entirely or partially connected to the current collector through of an electrically conductive member, such as a metal plate. Heat generated from the second electrode is transferred to the first electrode, through the separator, and then transferred to the outer casing with low thermal resistance.
    [028] As described above, the layered cell according to the invention does not require any heat sink or any tube for the supply of a cooling fluid inside it, in order to restrict a temperature rise within it. Therefore, the layered cell according to the invention can be manufactured with a compact structure. Furthermore, the layered cell according to the invention easily restricts the temperature rise within it by cooling the surface of the outer coating.
    [029] The number of electrode blocks to be housed in the outer casing is not particularly limited. Adjusting the number of electrode pads can easily change a battery capacity. The electrode blocks are structurally connected in series, in such a way that the outer casing houses the electrode blocks in them. In adjacent electrode blocks, the first electrodes are electrically connected to each other through the outer sheath, and the second electrodes are electrically connected to each other through the current collector. Thus, the electrode blocks are electrically connected in parallel.
    [030] Until now, batteries have been electrically connected in parallel as follows. That is, in adjacent batteries, the positive terminals are wired together and the negative terminals are also wired together. In other words, wiring is indispensable for parallel connection between batteries, which results in complicated wiring work and restricted installation space.
    [031] In the layered cell according to the invention, on the other hand, the electrode blocks are stacked in the outer casing, so that the positive terminals can be electrically connected to each other and negative terminals can be electrically connected to each other on adjacent electrode blocks. In other words, the layered cell establishes a structurally simple series connection, and it also establishes an electrically simple parallel connection. This configuration can easily increase the layered cell capacity.
    [032] In the layered cell, preferably, the current collector includes an electrically conductive core rod, and a structural member to cover an outer periphery of the core rod. The core rod is made of a material with high electrical conductivity, and the structural member is made of an alkali-resistant material. Thus, the current collector can have high electrical conductivity and alkali resistance.
    [033] Preferably, the layered cell additionally includes a sealing cover to close an open end of the outer shell. Here, the sealing cover has two annular grooves formed on an outer periphery thereof. The sealing cap includes an O-ring attached to each annular groove, and a sealing member provided between the annular grooves. According to this configuration, the O-ring and sealing member, each of which is provided in the sealing cap to close the axial open end of the outer casing, prevents an electrolyte from being leaked from the layered cell.
    [034] Preferably, the layered cell further includes a plurality of radiator plates attached to an outer circumferential surface of the outer shell along an axial direction of the outer shell. This setting improves the layered cell's cooling performance.
    [035] Preferably, the layered cell additionally includes a through screw that passes through the radiator plates. According to this configuration, the radiator plate, the outer jacket, and the first electrode are electrically connected to each other via the through screw. The through screw acts as a lead for the first electrode.
    [036] A battery pack according to the invention includes: a plurality of layered cells; a first connecting member for connecting the through screws of cells in adjacent layers; and a second connecting member for connecting between cell current collectors in adjacent layers. Here, the first connecting member and the second connecting member electrically connect between layered cells. According to this configuration, the connecting member establishes an electrical connection in parallel between the layered cells.
    [037] A battery pack according to the invention includes: a plurality of layered cells; and a third connecting member for connecting between the through screw of one of the adjacent layered cells and the current collector of the other layered cell. Here, the third connecting member electrically connects between layered cells. According to this configuration, the connecting member establishes an electrical connection in series between the layered cells. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECT OF THE INVENTION
    [038] According to the invention, as described above, it is possible to restrict a temperature rise inside a battery, to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes and a contact failure, and to provide a battery that can be easily assembled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
    [039] [FIG. 1A] FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a schematic configuration of an electrode block according to a first embodiment. [FIG. 1B] FIG. 1B is an axial sectional view of the electrode block according to the first modality.[FIG. 2A] FIG. 2A is a sectional view of electrodes, each enclosed with a bag-shaped spacer.[FIG. 2B] FIG. 2B is a plan view of the positive electrode enclosed with the bag-shaped separator.[FIG. 2C] FIG. 2C is a plan view of the negative electrode enclosed with the bag-shaped separator.[FIG. 3A] FIG. 3A is a sectional view of a metal plate of the electrode block.[FIG. 3B] FIG. 3B is a plan view of the metal plate of the electrode block.[FIG. 4] FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of an electrode block in accordance with a second embodiment. [FIG. 5] FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view of an electrode block according to a third embodiment. [FIG. 6A] FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a schematic configuration of an electrode block according to a fourth embodiment. [FIG. 6B] FIG. 6B is an axial sectional view of the electrode block according to the fourth embodiment. [FIG. 7] FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of an electrode block modification according to the fourth embodiment. [FIG. 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a schematic configuration of a layered cell including the electrode block. [FIG. 9] FIG. 9 is a side view of the layered cell, including a section taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 8.[FIG. 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged end view of the layered cell illustrated in FIG. 9.[FIG. 11A] FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional perspective view of one end of an outer casing in the layered cell. [FIG. 11B] FIG. 11B is a sectional view of the end of the outer casing in the layered cell. [FIG. 12A] FIG. 12A is a partially cross-sectional perspective view of a current collector in the layered cell. [FIG. 12B] FIG. 12B schematically illustrates a layered cell current collector fabrication procedure. [FIG. 13A] FIG. 13A illustrates a first bus in the layered cell. [FIG. 13B] FIG. 13B illustrates a second bus in the layered cell. [FIG. 14] FIG. 14 schematically illustrates the plurality of layered cells connected to each other. [FIG. 15] FIG. 15 is a graph of the results of a temperature rise test conducted on the layered cell. DESCRIPTION OF MODALITY
    [040] With reference to the drawings, the description of the embodiments of the invention will be given below; however, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Furthermore, numbers, dimensions, materials, and the like to be described in the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
    [041] Before the description of the respective embodiments of the invention, first, the description of a secondary battery to which the invention is applicable will be given. The secondary battery is not limited to the types to be described below, and examples thereof may include a nickel-zinc battery, a manganese dioxide battery, a zinc-manganese battery, and a nickel-cadmium battery. <1. Secondary Battery Types>[1-1. Nickel-metal hydride battery]
    [042] A negative electrode to be used here was obtained as follows. That is, a paste obtained by adding a solvent to a hydrogen storage alloy, an electrically conductive charge material, and a binder was applied to a substrate so that it was molded into sheet form, and then it was healed. Likewise, a positive electrode to be used here was obtained as follows. That is, a paste obtained by adding a solvent to nickel oxyhydroxide, an electrically conductive charge material, and a binder was applied onto a substrate so as to be molded into sheet form, and then cured .
    [043] The electrically conductive charge material to be used here was a carbon particle. The binder to be used here was a thermoplastic resin which dissolves in a water-soluble solvent. The substrate to be used here was a foam-forming nickel sheet. A separator to be used here was a polypropylene fiber. An electrolyte to be used here was an aqueous solution of KOH.[1-2. Lithium-Ion Battery]
    [044] With regard to a negative electrode, firstly, a pasty mixture is prepared by mixing lithium titanate, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and Ketjen Black (KB). This mixture is then applied to a stainless steel sheet, temporarily dried, and then subjected to a heat treatment. Thus, the negative electrode can be obtained. As far as a positive electrode is concerned, first, a pasty mixture is prepared by mixing lithium iron phosphate, CMC, active carbon, and KB. This mixture is then applied to a stainless steel sheet, temporarily dried, and then subjected to a heat treatment. Thus, the positive electrode can be obtained.
    [045] A separator to be used here may be a microporous polypropylene film. An electrolyte to be used here may be 1 mol/L of LiPF6/EC:DEC. An electrically conductive agent to be used here may be KB. A binder to be used herein may be CMC. Each of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and a current collector can be made of stainless steel.<2. Electrode Block Modalities >
    [046] Hereinafter, a positive electrode is occasionally referred to as a first electrode, and a negative electrode is occasionally referred to as a second electrode, for the convenience of description, but not limited to these.[2-1. First Mode]
    [047] FIG. 1A is a perspective view schematically illustrating an electrode block according to a first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1B is an axial sectional view schematically illustrating the electrode block. As illustrated in FIG. 1B, electrode block 21 includes an electrode group 23, cap members 24, first support member 22a, and second support member 22b.
    [048] The electrode group 23 has a configuration in which a positive electrode 23a and a negative electrode 23b are stacked with a bag-shaped separator 23c interposed between them. The electrode group 23 is placed between the cap members 24 at two ends thereof in the stacked direction (direction X in FIG. 1B). The positive electrode 23a, the negative electrode 23b, the bag-shaped separator 23c, and the cap members 24 each have a disk shape with a hole formed in the center of one of them, and are stacked concentrically. . Lid members 24 are made of polypropylene, but can be made of any insulating resin. Each of the positive electrode 23a and the negative electrode 23b is delimited with the bag-shaped separator.
    [049] FIG. 2A is a sectional view illustrating the electrodes, each delimited with the bag-shaped separator. For simplicity, FIG. 2A illustrates a positive electrode 23a and a negative electrode 23b. The positive electrode 23a is delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23ca, except for an outer edge of the same. On the other hand, the negative electrode 23b is delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23cb, except for a circumferential edge of the central hole therein.
    [050] FIG. 2B is a plan view illustrating the positive electrode 23a delimited with the bag-shaped separator. FIG. 2C is a plan view illustrating the negative electrode 23b enclosed with the bag-shaped separator.
    [051] The positive electrode 23a is placed between two spacers, each having an outer diameter smaller than that of the positive electrode 23a and a center hole diameter smaller than that of the positive electrode 23a. Here, a portion where the spacers overlap each other (a circumferential edge of the central hole) is heat-sealed together. Thus, the positive electrode 23a is delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23ca. On the other hand, negative electrode 23b is placed between two spacers, each having an outer diameter larger than that of negative electrode 23b and a center hole diameter larger than that of negative electrode 23b. Here, a portion where the spacers overlap each other (an outer circumferential edge) is connected by heat sealing. Thus, the negative electrode 23b is delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23cb.
    [052] The bag-shaped separator captures in it, dust or foreign matter derived from the electrode in the course of assembling the electrode block and in the course of transporting the electrode block. The use of the bag-shaped separator prevents the entry of dust or foreign matter derived from the electrode between the electrodes and between the electrode and a current collector terminal, which helps to avoid an internal short circuit. The use of the bag-shaped separator also prevents a contact failure, due to the separators that are displaced and, consequently, are interposed between the positive and negative electrodes 23a and 23b and the support members 22.
    [053] The positive electrode 23a delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23ca and the negative electrode 23b delimited with the bag-shaped separator 23cb are sequentially stacked so that the respective holes communicate with each other, thus forming the electrode group 23. The cap members 24 are then disposed at the two axial ends of electrode group 23 (direction X in FIG. 1B). The central holes in the positive electrode 23a, the negative electrode 23b, the separator 23ca, the separator 23cb and the cap members 24 communicate with each other to form a through hole 25.
    [054] The first support member 22a maintains the shapes of the electrode group 23 and cap members 24 from the outer sides of the electrode group 23 and cap members 24. The second support member 22b maintains the shapes of the group of electrode 23 and cap members 24 from inside through hole 25. FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are a sectional view and a plan view each illustrating a metal plate 220 that forms the support member 22. As illustrated in FIG. 3A, metal plate 220 has a large number of protrusions 221 formed on a surface thereof so as to protrude from the surface. Metal plate 220 is obtained as follows. That is, the protrusions and perforations are formed on a metal plate by an embossing roller, and a tip end of each protrusion is bent back to form a bent portion.
    [055] The metal plate 220 has a thickness which is not particularly limited here, but is preferably smaller than that of the positive electrode 23a or the negative electrode 23b. The thickness of the metal plate 220 is preferably 10 to 100 µm though depending on the thickness of the positive electrode 23a or the negative electrode 23b. The thickness of the metal plate 220 is most preferably from 20 to 50 µm. The greater thickness of the metal plate 220 causes an increase in dimensions of a battery. On the other hand, the thinner thickness of the metal plate 220 causes degradation of the strength of the metal plate.
    [056] Each protrusion 221 is perforated so that an opening 222 is formed at an apex of protrusion 221. Protrusion 221 is bent back in a direction opposite to the extending direction of protrusion 221, so that a bent portion 223 is formed in opening 222. Metal plate 220 is formed of a nickel plate with a thickness (hl) of 25 µm. The protrusion 221 has a quadrangular pyramid shape consisting of an upper structural portion L1 and a lower structural portion L2, and is formed on the nickel plate. The lower structural portion L2 has longitudinal and lateral lengths (X, Y directions in FIG. 3B) each of which is 1 mm. The upper structural portion L1 has longitudinal and lateral lengths each of which is 0.5 mm. The metal plate 220, including the protrusion 221, has a thickness (h2) of 0.5 mm. The folded portion 223 has a length (h3) of 0.15 mm.
    [057] The first support member 22a is disposed on the outer surfaces 23d of the electrode group 23 and the cap members 24. Here, the outer surfaces 23d correspond to a side surface of the electrode group 23 and the exposed surfaces of the members of cap 24. More specifically, the first support member 22a is attached to the side surface of the electrode group 23 and circumferential edges including the outer side surfaces of the cap members 24. The first support member 22a encircles the electrode group 23 and the cap members 24, except the through hole 25 and a portion around the through hole 25. Thus, the electrode group which is a main constituent of a battery is formed in a structural body by the first support member 22a. The electrode block obtained by the integration of the electrode group allows a simplification of the assembly of a layered cell.
    [058] The first support member 22a maintains the stacked state of the electrode group 23 and cap members 24 such that the protrusions 221 engage the positive electrode 23a and the cap members 24. The first support member 22a includes a first lateral surface portion 22aa and a first folded portion 22ab. The first side surface portion 22aa covers the side surfaces of the electrode group 23 and the cap members 24. The first folded portion 22ab is bent from one end of the first side surface portion 22aa to the through hole 25 of the group of electrode 23 along the surface of the cap member 24.
    [059] The second support member 22b is disposed on an inner circumferential surface 23e of the through hole 25 in the electrode group. The second support member 22b maintains the stacked state of the electrode group 23 and the cap members 24 such that the protrusions 221 engage the negative electrode 23b and the cap members 24. The second support member 22b includes a second side surface portion 22ba and a second folded portion 22bb. The second lateral surface portion 22ba covers the inner circumferential surface. The second bent portion 22bb is bent from an end of the second side surface portion 22ba in a direction of the outer diameter of the electrode group 23 along the surface of the cap member 24.
    [060] The first support member 22a and the positive electrode 23a are electrically connected to each other in such a way that the first lateral surface portion 22aa engages within an outer circumferential end of the positive electrode 23a. Furthermore, the second support member 22b and the negative electrode 23b are electrically connected to each other such that the second lateral surface portion 22ba engages within an inner circumferential end of the negative electrode 23b. On the other hand, the first support member 22a and the second support member 22b are isolated from each other, because the first bent portion 22ab and the second bent portion 22bb are not in contact with each other and the cap member 24 has an insulating property.
    [061] As described above, the protrusions 221 formed on the first support member 22a and second support member 22b improve a bonding property between the positive electrodes and a bonding property between the negative electrodes. Furthermore, even when the volume of the electrodes changes by charging and discharging a battery, the protrusion trapped in the electrode can prevent a contact failure between the electrode and the support member that serves as a current collecting terminal. This configuration improves a lifecycle feature.
    [062] Each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is enclosed with the bag-shaped separator in the previous description, but cannot be enclosed with the bag-shaped separator. On this matter, the outer edge of the negative electrode is covered with the separator, and the circumferential edge of the hole in the positive electrode is covered with the separator. In addition, the outer edge of the separator is covered with the positive electrode, and the circumferential edge of the hole in the separator is covered with the negative electrode. Thus, the separator certainly separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode from each other at the outer edge of the negative electrode and at the circumferential edges of the hole in the positive electrode. Even when the electrodes are deformed, the electrodes do not contact each other at the outer edge and the circumferential edge of the hole. Furthermore, the separator is not interposed between the negative electrode and the current collector, and it is not interposed between the positive electrode and an outer sheath. Therefore, this configuration prevents a contact failure due to the interposed separator.[2-2. Second Mode]
    [063] In the following embodiments, the description equal to that in the first embodiment is not given unless otherwise specified. One of a positive electrode and a negative electrode can be enclosed with a bag-shaped separator. FIG. 4 illustrates an electrode block 51 according to a second embodiment. In the electrode block 51, the positive electrode 23a is enclosed with a bag-shaped separator 23ca, but a negative electrode 23b is not enclosed with a bag-shaped separator. This configuration saves time and effort to delimit the negative electrode with a bag-shaped separator, which leads to a reduction in cost. As illustrated in FIG. 4, an electrode group 23 has an uppermost end corresponding to a negative electrode 23b and a lowermost end corresponding to a negative electrode 23b. Therefore, the number of negative electrodes 23b is greater than that of positive electrodes 23a. A battery configured with electrode pad 51 may be a positive electrode regulation type battery.[2-3. Third Mode]
    [064] FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically illustrating an electrode block 52 in accordance with a third embodiment. The electrode block 52 includes a metal plate 26a interposed between a first support member 27a and an electrode group 23, and a metal plate 26b interposed between a second support member 27b and the electrode group 23. In the third embodiment , the metal plates 26 each have a plurality of protrusions formed on at least one side thereof, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Lugs 221 of metal plates 26 engage electrodes 23a and 23b to ensure a connection between the electrodes. The support members 27 and the metal plates 26 are fully in contact with each other, so that the electrodes 23a, 23b and the support members 27 are electrically connected to each other with certainty. The support members 27 each serve as an element of strength. An electrode block with greater capacity can be manufactured in such a way that the power element and the element for connecting the electrodes are provided separately on the support member.[2-4. Fourth Mode]
    [065] FIG. 6A is a perspective view schematically illustrating an electrode block in accordance with a fourth embodiment. FIG. 6B is a sectional view schematically illustrating the electrode block. Electrode block 61 includes an electrode group 63, cap members 64, and a plurality of first support members 62. First support members 62 maintain the shapes of electrode groups 63 and cap members 64.
    [066] The 63a positive electrode is enclosed with a bag-shaped separator 63ca, except an outer edge thereof. The negative electrode 63b is delimited with a bag-shaped separator 63cb, except for a circumferential edge of a central hole formed therein. The positive electrode 63a bordered with the bag-shaped separator 63ca and the negative electrode 63b bordered with the bag-shaped separator 63cb are sequentially stacked so that the respective holes overlap each other. Electrode group 63 is placed between cap members 64 each having a hole formed in the center thereof. The center hole of the electrode group 63 and the center holes of the cap members 64 communicate with each other to form a through hole 67 of the electrode block 61 as a whole. A second support member 65 is disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the through hole 67.
    [067] The cap member 64 in the fourth embodiment is made of metal. The electrode (the negative electrode 63b in FIG. 6B) that is in contact with the cap member 64 is delimited with the bag-shaped separator (63cb in FIG. 6B). The electrode bounded with the bag-shaped separator does not come into direct contact with the cap member 64 and the electrode that is in surface contact with it. In FIGS. 6A and 6B, electrode block 61 causes no short circuit between negative electrode 63b and positive electrode 63a through cap member 64.
    [068] The first support member 62 is formed from a short metal strip. The first support member 62 has one end attached to a side surface of one of the cap members 64, and the other end attached to a side surface of the other cap member 64. This method of attachment is spot welding, for example , but it could be welding by coal. The first support members maintain the shape of electrode group 63, as described above, to achieve an integral structure like an electrode block.
    [069] The center hole in cap member 64 is larger in diameter than that of negative electrode 63b. Therefore, when the second support member 65 is connected to the electrode group 63, the cap member 64 does not come into contact with the second support member 65. Here, an insulating ring 68 is preferably connected to the hole in the member. cap 64. Isolation ring 68 certainly prevents a contact of cap member 64 with second support member 65 to avoid a short circuit between the electrodes.
    [070] The cap member 64 can be formed of an insulating disk. Here, the cap member 64 and the first support member 62 are bonded together with an adhesive.[2-4-1. Modification of the fourth modality]
    [071] FIG. 7 is a sectional view schematically illustrating a modification of the electrode block illustrated in FIG. 6B. An insulating plate 69 disposed between the cap member 64 and the electrode group 63 allows the negative electrode 63b which is not delimited with a bag-shaped spacer to serve as an upper end or a lower end of the electrode group 63. Insulation plate 69 prevents a short circuit between cover member 64 made of metal and negative electrode 63b. Furthermore, the electrode block may be configured such that a second support member 65 is attached, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
    [072] In previous embodiments, the metal plate illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B can be connected to only one of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode group and the inner surface of the through hole. In addition, the metal plate may have protrusions formed on only one surface thereof that is in contact with the electrode group. Alternatively, the metal plate may have protrusions formed on only one surface thereof, opposite the surface that is in contact with the electrode group, or it may have protrusions formed on both surfaces thereof.[2-5. Mounting method for electrode block]
    [073] (1) A positive electrode is placed between two separators, each having an outer diameter smaller than that of the positive electrode and a center hole diameter smaller than that of the positive electrode. A portion where the separators overlap each other is connected with a heater. A negative electrode is placed between two spacers, each having a larger outer diameter than the negative electrode and a larger center hole diameter than the negative electrode. A portion where the separators overlap each other is connected with the heater.
    [074] (2) Two cover members are prepared. A round rod that has a diameter slightly smaller than the hole diameter of the negative electrode is placed in a center of a tube with an inside diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter of the positive electrode. One of the cap members is placed such that the round rod passes through a hole formed in the cap member.
    [075] (3) The negative electrode enclosed with the bag-shaped separator and the positive electrode enclosed with the bag-shaped separator are sequentially stacked on the cap member in such a way that the round rod passes through the respective holes.
    [076] (4) The other cap member is placed over the upper electrode in such a way that the round rod passes through a hole formed in the cap member. Thus, an electrode group placed between the cap members is manufactured.
    [077] (5) The cap members, electrode group, and round rod are carried out of the tube. A first support member is attached to outer circumferential surfaces of the cap members and the electrode group. Two axial ends of the first support member are bent 90 degrees relative to the round rod along the surfaces of the cap members. Thus, the first folded portions are formed. The first folded portions correspond to two ends of a first lateral surface portion.
    [078] (6) The round rod is removed from the cap members and electrode group. A second support member is attached to an inner surface of a through hole formed from holes in the cap members and the electrode group. Two axial ends of the second support member are bent in an outward circumferential direction along the surfaces of the cap members. Thus, second folded portions following a second side surface portion are formed.
    [079] (7) The electrode group and the pair of cap members are integrated with the first support member and the second support member, so that an electrode block is manufactured. An electrode block not having the second support member can be fabricated if necessary.<3. Layered cell modality> [3-1. Layered cell structure]
    [080] FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of a layered cell including the electrode block according to the invention. FIG. 9 is a side view that includes a section taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8 and illustrates an upper half of the layered cell. FIG. 10 is a sectional view rotated 90 degrees with respect to FIG. 9, and illustrates a layered cell end in an enlarged fashion. A layered cell 31 essentially includes an outer shell 32, a current collector 33, a plurality of radiator plates 34, and an enclosure 35. The outer shell 32 houses the plurality of electrode blocks 21 therein in a manner stacked. The current collector 33 passes through the plurality of electrode blocks 21 in an axial direction (X direction in FIG. 9) of the outer casing 32. The radiator plates 34 each have a hole formed in the center of one of them. and are arranged around the outer shell 32 along the X direction so that the respective holes are in contact with an outer periphery of the outer shell 32. The shell 35 houses therein the outer shell 32, the current collector 33, radiator plates 34, and through screws 46. Housing 35 has two axial ends to which the first rail 36 and the second rail 37 are connected, respectively. Each of the first bus 36 and the second bus 37 serves as a connecting member.
    [081] The electrode blocks 21 are stacked and housed in a cylindrical tube 32a. Tube 32a has an inner diameter slightly smaller than an outer diameter of electrode block 21. In this way, an outer circumferential surface of electrode block 21 and an inner circumferential surface of tube 32a are held in contact with each other, in a state that electrode block 21 is inserted into tube 32a. Tube 32a has two open ends, each sealed with a columnar sealing cap 32b. The sealing cap 32b has a central hole 32ba through which the current collector 33 passes, and a liquid injection port 32bb for the injection of an electrolyte (see FIG. 11A). An electrolyte injection receptacle 39 is connected to the liquid injection port 32bb. An electrolyte is injected into the outer shell 32 through a hole formed in the electrolyte injection receptacle 39.
    [082] The seal cover 32b has two grooves 32bc and one groove 32bd each formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof. Here, slot 32bd is shallower than slot 32bc and is formed between slots 32bc (see FIG. 11B). Sealing cover 32b includes an O-ring 32c disposed in each groove 32bc, and a liquid gasket 32d disposed in groove 32bd. The 32c o-ring and 32d liquid gasket prevent electrolyte from leaking from the battery. The liquid gasket 32d is preferably made of a material with high viscosity, and can be made of asphalt pitch, for example.
    [083] Each of the tube 32a and the sealing cap 32b is made of nickel-plated iron, and has electrical conductivity. The outer shell 32 has an inner circumferential surface which is in contact with the positive electrode 23a through the first support member 22a. Therefore, the outer casing 32 and the positive electrode 23a are electrically connected to each other. The outer jacket 32 acts as a current collecting terminal for the positive electrode. An insulating sleeve 40 is provided between the sealing cap 32b and the current collector 33 to prevent a short circuit between the outer jacket 32 and the current collector 33 through the sealing cap 32b (see FIG. 10).
    [084] The current collector 33 is formed by an electrically conductive round rod. The current collector 33 has an outer circumferential surface which is in contact with the negative electrode 23b through the second support member 22b. Therefore, current collector 33 and negative electrode 23b are electrically connected to each other. Current collector 33 acts as a current collector terminal for the negative electrode.
    [085] As illustrated, for example, in FIG. 12A, current collector 33 may be configured with a tube-shaped structural member 33b and a core member 33a housed in structural member 33b. In this embodiment, the core member 33a is made of copper, and the structural member 33b is made of iron. Copper has excellent electrical conductivity but has relatively low alkali resistance. Iron, on the other hand, is lower in electrical conductivity than copper but is less corrosive to alkalis because iron reacts with alkalis to form a passive state film. Current collector 33 can be configured to have a nickel plated surface 33c. The nickel-plated surface 33c also has alkali resistance. The current collector, thus configured, excels in electrical conductivity and alkali resistance.
    [086] The current collector 33 illustrated in FIG. 12A can be manufactured in such a way that a copper wire is press-fitted into an iron tube. As illustrated in FIG. 12B, alternatively, current collector 33 can be manufactured as follows. That is, the core member 33a is moved together with the structural member 33b in an arrow direction such that the structural member 33b is narrowed along the core member 33a. Thus, the structural member 33b is molded so that the core member 33a is coated with the structural member 33b. Finally, the surface of the structural member 33b is nickel-plated.
    [087] With reference to FIG. 10, a description of a layered cell end structure 31 will be given. A pressure plate 45 is disposed over the outer casing 32 which houses the electrode block 21 thereon. A first junction member 41 is disposed on the pressure plate 45. The first joining member 41 has a threaded hole 41a formed on one side thereof, and a mounting hole 41b formed on the other side thereof. One end of current collector 33 is fitted into mounting hole 41b. A hexagonal head screw 43 is screwed into the threaded hole 41a so that the first busbar 36 is connected to the first junction member 41. Thus, the current collector 33 and the first busbar 36 are electrically connected to each other. Here, the first bus 36 functions as a negative electrode terminal.
    [088] A second joining member 42 is disposed over an upper end of the through screw 46. The second joining member 42 has a threaded hole 42a formed on one side thereof, and a mounting hole 42b formed on the other side of the joint. same. Through screw 46 is fitted to mounting hole 42b. A hexagonal head screw 43 is screwed into the threaded hole 42a so that the second busbar 37 is connected to the second joining member 42. Thus, the outer casing 32 and the second busbar 37 are electrically connected to each other via the through screw 46. The second bus 37 functions as a positive electrode terminal.
    [089] Compressor plate 45 is formed by a rectangular metal plate. Compressor plate 45 has a hole 45a in which the first joining member 41 is fitted, a hole 45b through which the through screw 46 passes, and a hole 45c through which the electrolyte injection receptacle 39 passes. Compressor plate 45 is in contact with outer casing 32, and functions as a current collecting terminal for the positive electrode. An insulating ring 47 is disposed between the first joining member 41 and the pressure plate 45 to achieve insulation between the pressure plate 45 and the current collector 33.
    [090] The compression plate 45 serves to distribute the clamping force by the hex head screw 43. The hex head screw 43 applies a compression force to the electrode block 21 in an axial direction (X direction in FIG. 10) . This compressive force is acted upon to prevent deformation of the electrode block due to loading and discharging, and is also acted upon to reduce the contact resistance between the electrode blocks.
    [091] The electrolyte injection receptacle 39 is formed of an elongated column having an orifice formed in the center of it. The electrolyte injection receptacle 39 is a liquid injection port for externally injecting an electrolyte into the outer shell 32. After injection of the electrolyte, the outer shell 32 is hermetically sealed with a plug 38. Here, a lower end of the cell layered is similar in structure to the upper end of the layered cell.
    [092] The radiator plate 34 is formed of a rectangular plate. Radiator plate 34 has a battery hole 34a formed in a center thereof, and screw holes 34b formed in four corners. In this regard, the layered cell 31 passes through the battery hole 34a, and the through screw 46 passes through the screw hole 34b (see FIG. 8, for example). The radiator plate 34 has electrical conductivity, and is made of nickel-plated aluminum. The battery hole 34a contacts a surface of the outer shell 32 so that heat is transferred from the outer shell 32 to the radiator plate 34.
    [093] The through screw 46 has electrical conductivity, and is made of nickel-plated iron. The screw hole 34b contacts the through screw 46 so that the outer casing 32, the radiator plate 34, and the through screw 46 are electrically connected to each other. Here, the materials for the radiator plate 34 and through screw 46 are not limited to iron and aluminum. The radiator plate 34 and through screw 46 can be made of any metal.
    [094] The casing 35 includes a square tube 35a having a section formed in a substantially square frame shape, and cap members 35b disposed at two ends of the square tube 35a and formed in a substantially square plate shape. The casing 35 has an inner dimension substantially equal to an outer dimension of the radiator plate 34. Each of the cap members 35b has a hole 35c through which the first joining member 41 passes, and a hole 35d through which the second junction member 42 passes.[3-2. Bus structure and layered cell connection structure]
    [095] FIG. 13A is a perspective view illustrating the first bus 36 in this embodiment. The first rail 36 is formed of a substantially triangular metal plate, and has three first screw holes 36a through which the hex head screws 43 pass, respectively. The first bus 36 is connected to the ends of adjacent layered cells 31 to electrically connect between layered cells 31. For example, the two layered cells 31 are electrically connected to each other as follows. That is, the first joining member 41 of one of the layered cells 31 and one of the first screw holes 36a in the first busbar 36 are joined together using the hex head screw 43. In addition, the second joining member 42 of the other layered cell 31 and the remaining two first screw holes 36a in the first bus 36 are joined using the hex head screws 43.
    [096] FIG. 13B is a perspective view illustrating the second rail 37. The second rail 37 is formed of an elongated metal plate, and has three second screw holes 37a. The second bus 37 is connected to the ends of adjacent layered cells 31 to electrically connect between layered cells 31. For example, the two layered cells 31 are electrically connected to each other as follows. That is, the first joining member 41 of one of the layered cells 31 and one of the second screw holes 37a in the second bus 37 are joined together using a hex head screw 43. In addition, the second joining member 42 of the another layered cell 31 and the remaining two second screw holes 37a in the second bus are joined with hex head screws 43.
    [097] The shapes of the first bus 36 and second bus 37 are not particularly limited to those in this mode. Here, each of the first rail 36 and the second rail 37 is made of nickel-plated iron.
    [098] FIG. 14 illustrates the plurality of layered cells 31 connected in series by the first bus 36 and the second bus 37. The first bus 36 is molded to facilitate connection between the layered cells 31 in the vertical direction of FIG. 14. On the other hand, the second bus 37 is molded to facilitate the connection between the layered cells 31 in the horizontal direction of FIG. 14. Proper selection of busbars can ensure the degree of freedom in the arrangement at the time when the plurality of layered cells 31 are assembled into a battery pack. For example, layered cells can be connected in parallel as follows. That is, in cells in adjacent layers, the current collectors 33 are connected to each other by through screws 46 and are connected to each other by the second bus 37.[3-3. Layered cell assembly method]
    [099] Next, the description will be given of a method of mounting the cell in layers 31, using the electrode blocks 21.
    [100] (1) The plurality of electrode blocks 21 is manufactured by the method described in [2-5. Mounting method for electrode block]. In addition, the tube 32a of the outer casing 32 is fixedly placed on a work bench.
    [101] (2) The sealing cap 32b is connected to one of the open ends of the tube 32a. The plurality of electrode blocks 21 are press-fitted into outer casing 32 through the other open end of tube 32a.
    [102] (3) The current collector 33 is press-fitted into the through hole 25 in the center of the electrode blocks 21. The sealing cap 32b is connected to the other open end of the tube 32a. The outer coating is de-aerated, and then hermetically sealed in a state where an electrolyte is injected into the interior.
    [103] (4) The plurality of radiator plates 34 is attached to the outer casing 32, and then is secured to the outer casing 32 with the second joining member 42 and the four through screws 46 passing through each of the plates. of radiator 34. The side surfaces, top surface, and bottom surface of the outer casing provided with the radiator plates are covered with square tube 35a. Compressor plates 45 are press-fitted into square tube 35a through both ends of square tube 35a. The first junction member 41, the second junction member 42, the electrolyte injection receptacle 39, and the like are connected to the compression plates 45. The cap members 35b are connected to the two ends of the square tube 35a, and then , buses 36 and 37 are connected to cap members 35b.<4. Functions and Effects>
    [104] Description of functions and effects of the electrode block will be given according to the first modality and the layered cell including the electrode block.1. -1. Electrode Block Effects]
    [105] In the electrode block 21 according to the first embodiment, the first support member 22a and the second support member 22b maintain the shape of the electrode group 23. Therefore, the positive electrode 23a, the negative electrode 23b, and separator 23c are integrated. Therefore, electrode group 23 can be manipulated as a block, which leads to improved workability during fabrication.
    [106] The layered cell 31 according to the modality includes the plurality of stacked electrode blocks 21. This configuration can easily increase the battery capacity.[4-2. Effects of the metal plate]
    [107] Each of the first support member 22a and the second support member 22b has the plurality of protrusions 221 formed on the surface that contacts the electrode group 23. The protrusions 221 engage the electrodes to further improve plus the connection between the positive electrode and the outer jacket or the connection between the negative electrode and the current collector. Even when the volume of the electrodes changes by charging and discharging the battery, the protrusion holding the electrode can prevent a contact failure between the electrode and the terminal. This setting improves a lifecycle feature.[4-3. Bag-shaped separator effects]
    [108] The positive electrode 23a is enclosed with the bag-shaped separator 23ca, and the negative electrode 23b is enclosed with the bag-shaped separator 23cb. Therefore, bag-shaped separators capture in it dust or foreign matter derived from the electrodes during transport of the battery and during assembly of the battery. The bag-shaped separators prevent the entry of dust or foreign matter derived from the electrodes between the electrodes and between the electrode and the current collector terminal, which leads to the prevention of an internal short circuit. Bag-shaped separators also prevent a contact failure caused by the separators displaced and consequently interposed between the positive electrode 23a and the outer casing 32 and between the negative electrode 23b and the current collector 33.[4-4. Lamination Effects]
    [109] The layered cell 31 according to the embodiment includes the plurality of stacked electrode blocks 21. In adjacent electrode blocks 21, specifically, the first support members 22a are connected to each other in a direct manner and are connected to each other through the outer jacket 32. Furthermore, the second support members 22b are connected to each other in a direct way and are connected to each other through the current collector 33. Thus, the electrode blocks 21 are electrically connected in parallel. In the layered cell 31 according to the embodiment, the electrode blocks 21 are stacked on the outer casing 32 so that the positive terminals are electrically connected to each other and the negative terminals are electrically connected to each other in the electrode blocks 21 adjacent. Thus, the layered cell 31 establishes a structurally simple series connection of the plurality of electrode blocks 21, and also establishes an electrically simple parallel connection of the plurality of electrode blocks 21. This configuration can easily increase the capacity of the cell in layers.[4-5. Cooling performance effects]
    [110] The following effects are achieved with respect to cooling performance. The positive electrode 23a is firmly pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the outer shell 32 through the first support member 22a so that the positive electrode 23a and the outer shell 32 are in close contact with each other. Consequently, heat generated from the positive electrode 23a is transferred to the outer shell 32 via the first support member 22a. On the other hand, heat generated from negative electrode 23b is transferred to positive electrode 23a through separator 23c. Separator 23c is formed of a thin sheet and therefore does not greatly impede heat transfer. As described above, each of the heat generated from the positive electrode 23a and the heat generated from the negative electrode 23b is transferred to the outer shell 32 with low thermal resistance, which retains a temperature rise within the layered cell 31.
    [111] In a spiral-wound type battery, a separator that can hardly transfer heat is interposed in a multi-layer manner between a battery center and a battery box. Therefore, even when the battery box is cooled, the temperature inside the battery is not reduced much. With regard to a battery of the 18650 type to be used here as an example, an overall heat transfer coefficient of a layered cell is compared with that of a spiral-wound battery. As a result, it has been revealed that the overall heat transfer coefficient of the layered cell according to the embodiment of the invention is about 100,000 times greater than that of the conventional spiral wound battery.
    [112] With regard to the layered cell according to the invention, the temperature inside the battery can be restricted to almost the temperature at the surface of the battery. The heat transfer on the battery surface controls the heat transfer inside the battery. To lower the temperature inside the battery, the surface temperature of the battery must be lowered. For this reason, the cooling performance is further improved by increasing a radiating surface area by connecting the plurality of radiator plates 34 to the periphery of the outer casing 32. When the layered cell casing is cooled by air using a cooling fan, the temperature inside the battery is restricted to 51°C. On the other hand, when the layered cell casing is naturally cooled by air, using the radiator plates, the temperature inside the battery can be restricted to 23°C. These results were confirmed by experimentation.
    [113] FIG. 15 shows the results of a temperature rise test conducted on the layered cell 31 according to the modality. In FIG. 15, a curve (1) indicates a charge voltage, and a curve (2) indicates a discharge voltage. In addition, a curve (3) indicates a temperature inside the battery on charging, and a curve (4) indicates a temperature inside the battery on discharge. As shown in FIG. 15, the temperature inside the layered cell 31 according to the embodiment does not change much, even when the layered cell 31 is loaded and unloaded. Thus, the temperature rise inside the battery can be contained. Here, the temperature inside the battery is low in the initial charging or discharging phase, as the ambient temperature drops. As described above, the layered cell 31 according to the modality does not require a tube for the circulation of the coolant, unlike a conventional spiral wound battery. Therefore, the layered cell 31 according to the modality can restrict the temperature rise within it with a compact structure.<5. Other Modalities>
    [114] Preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above with reference to the drawings; however, various additions, alterations or deletions can be made within the scope, which does not depart from the essence of the invention.
    [115] In the above description, the layered cell according to the modality includes the outer shell that serves as the current collector of the positive electrode, and the current collector that serves as the current collector of the negative electrode. Alternatively, the outer jacket can serve as the current collector for the negative electrode, and the current collector can serve as the current collector for the positive electrode. In the above description, moreover, the electrode group according to the modality has the circular through hole in the center of it, and is formed in a cylindrical shape, as a whole; however, the invention is not limited to them. For example, the electrical group can be formed into a square tube shape, and the through hole can be formed into a square shape. In the foregoing description, additionally, the layered cell according to the embodiment is formed in a columnar shape, but it can be molded in a prism shape.
    [116] The various components described in the modality can be made of any other material in addition to those described above. For example, the component made of a metal can be made of a metal that is not nickel-plated, in addition to nickel-plated iron. In embodiment, a nickel metal hydride battery is primarily described as an example. The invention is also applicable to all other secondary batteries, such as a lithium ion battery and a manganese battery. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
    [117] The layered cell according to the invention can suitably be used as a consumer energy storage apparatus in addition to an industrial energy storage apparatus. REFERENCE SIGNAL LIST
    [118]21 Electrode block22 Support member (a: side surface portion / b: folded portion)23 Electrode group (a: positive electrode / b: negative electrode / c: separator)24 Cover member25 Through hole26 Platen metal27 Support member31 Layered cell32 Outer casing (a: tube / b: sealing cover)33 Current collector (a: core member / b: structural member / c: nickel plated surface)34 Radiator plate (a: battery hole / b: screw hole)35 Housing (a: square tube / b: cap member)36 First busbar37 Second busbar38 Plug 39 Electrolyte injection receptacle40 Insulation sleeve41 First junction member42 Second junction member43 Hexagonal head screw45 Pressure plate46 Screw through 47 Insulation ring51 Electrode block52 Electrode block61 Electrode block62 First support member63 Electrode group (a: positive electrode / b: negative electrode / c: separator)64 Ta member mpa65 Second support member67 Through hole68 Insulation ring69 Insulation plate220 Metal plate221 Protrusion222 Opening223 Bent portion
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [0001]
    1. Electrode block (21, 51, 61), characterized in that it comprises: a group of electrodes (23, 63) having a stacked structure with a positive electrode (23a, 63a), a negative electrode (23b, 63b) and a spacer (23ca, 23cb, 63ca, 63cb) interposed between the positive electrode (23a, 63b) and the negative electrode (23b, 63b); cap members (24, 64) disposed on two ends of the electrode group (23, 63) in the stacked direction; and a first support member (22a, 27a, 62, 220) configured to hold the electrode group (23, 63) and the cap members (24, 64) in a stacked state, wherein the first support member (22a) , 62, 220) is disposed on the outer surfaces of the electrode group (23, 63) and the cap members (24, 64) or wherein a metal plate (26a) is interposed between the first support member (27a) and the electrode group (23), in which the first support member (22a, 27a, 62, 220) is electrically connected to a first electrode which is one of the positive electrode (23a, 63a) and the negative electrode (23b, 63b), and is not electrically connected to a second electrode, which is the other of the positive electrode (23a, 63a) and the negative electrode (23b, 63b).
    [0002]
    2. Electrode block (21, 51, 61), according to claim 1, characterized in that: each of the first electrode (23a, 63a), the second electrode (23b, 63b), and the separator (23ca, 23cb, 63ca, 63cb) has a hole formed in the center thereof, an outer edge of the second electrode (23b, 63b) is covered with the separator (23cb, 63cb), a circumferential edge of the hole in the first electrode (23a) , 63a) is covered with the separator (23ca, 63ca), an outer edge of the separator (23ca, 23cb, 63ca, 63cb) is covered with the first electrode, and a circumferential edge of the hole in the separator (23ca, 23cb, 63ca, 63cb ) is covered with the second electrode.
    [0003]
    3. Electrode block (21, 61), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first support member (22a, 62, 220) has a plurality of protrusions (221) formed on at least one side the same.
    [0004]
    4. Electrode block (51), according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: a metal plate (26a) interposed between the first support member (27a) and the first electrode (23a),a metal plate having a plurality of protrusions (221) formed on at least one side thereof.
    [0005]
    5. Electrode block (21, 51, 61), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electrode (23a, 63a) is delimited with a first separator (23ca, 63ca) having a bag-shaped shape. a state in which an outer edge of the first electrode (23a, 63a) is exposed from the first spacer (23ca, 63ca).
    [0006]
    6. Electrode block (21, 51, 61) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second electrode (23b, 63b) is delimited with a second separator (23cb, 63cb) having a bag-shaped shape. a state in which an inner edge of the hole in the second electrode (23b, 63b) is exposed from the second spacer (23cb, 63cb).
    [0007]
    7. Electrode block (21, 61), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first support member (22a) has: a lateral surface portion (22aa) that contacts a lateral surface of the electrode block (21, 61); bent portions (22ab) from the side surface portion (22aa) towards the centers of the cap members (24, 64).
    [0008]
    8. Electrode block (61) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first support member (62) is secured to the outer side surfaces of the cap members (64).
    [0009]
    9. Electrode block (21, 51, 61), according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the cover members (24, 64) has a hole formed in the center of them, and the holes in the positive electrode (23a, 63a), in the negative electrode (23b, 63b), in the separator (23ca, 23cb, 63ca, 63cb), and in the cap members (24, 64) form a through hole (25, 67) in a stacked state of the group of electrodes (23, 63) and cap members (24, 64), the electrode block (21, 51, 61) further comprises: a second support member (22b, 27b, 65) connected to an interior surface of the through hole (25, 67), wherein the second support member (22b, 27b, 65) is electrically connected to the second electrode (23b, 63b), and is not electrically connected to the first electrode (23a, 63a).
    [0010]
    10. Electrode block (21, 61), according to claim 9, characterized in that the second support member (22b, 65) has a plurality of protrusions (221) formed on at least one side thereof .
    [0011]
    11. Electrode block (51) according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises: a metal plate (26b) interposed between the second support member (27b) and the second electrode (23b),a metal plate having a plurality of protrusions (221) formed on at least one side thereof.
    [0012]
    12. Layered cell (31), characterized in that it comprises: the electrode block (21, 51, 61) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11; a tubular outer casing (32a) to house the electrode block electrode (21, 51, 61); and a current collector (33) that passes through the through hole (25, 67) in the electrode block (21, 51, 61), where the first electrode (23a, 63a) is electrically connected to the outer casing (32a), and the second electrode (23b, 63b) is electrically connected to the current collector (33).
    [0013]
    13. Layered cell (31), according to claim 12, characterized in that the current collector (33) includes: an electrically conductive core rod (33a); and a structural member (33b) for covering an outer periphery of the core rod (33a).
    [0014]
    14. Layered cell (31) according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises: a sealing cap (32b) for closing an open end of the outer shell (32a), in which the sealing cap (32b) ) has two annular grooves (32bc) formed on an outer periphery thereof, and the sealing cover (32b) includes an O-ring (32c) attached to each annular groove (32bc) and a sealing member (32d) provided between the Annular (32bc) grooves.
    [0015]
    15. Layered cell (31) according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises: a plurality of radiator plates (34) connected to an outer circumferential surface of the outer casing (32) along a direction axial part of the outer casing (32).
    [0016]
    16. Layered cell (31) according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises: a through screw (46) that passes through the radiator plates (34).
    [0017]
    17. Battery assembly, characterized in that it comprises: the plurality of layered cells (31) as defined in claim 16; a first connecting member for the connection between the through screws (46) of the cells in adjacent layers (31 ); and a second connecting member for connecting between the current collectors (33) of adjacent layered cells (31) wherein the first connecting member and the second connecting member electrically connect between the layered cells (31).
    [0018]
    18. Battery pack, characterized in that it comprises: the plurality of layered cells (31) as defined in claim 16; and a third connecting member for connecting between the through screw (46) of one of the adjacent layered cells (31) and the current collector (33) of the other layered cell (31), wherein the third connecting member connects electrically between the layered cells (31).
    [0019]
    19. Assembly method for layered cell (31) as defined in claim 12, characterized in that it comprises: a step A of placing the positive electrode (23a) between two spacers (23ca, 23cb), each having an external diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the positive electrode (23a) and a center hole diameter smaller than a hole diameter of the positive electrode (23a), connect with a heater, a portion where the spacers (23ca, 23cb) overlap a on the other, place the negative electrode (23b) between two spacers (23ca, 23cb), each having an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the negative electrode (23b) and a center hole diameter greater than a hole diameter of the negative electrode (23b), and connect with the heater, a portion where the separators (23ca, 23cb) overlap each other, thus preparing the positive electrode (23a) delimited with the separator (23ca) in the form of a bag and the negative electrode (23b) delimited with a bag-shaped separator (23cb); a step B of sequentially stacking the negative electrode (23b) delimited with the bag-shaped separator (23cb) and the positive electrode (23a) delimited with the separator (23ca) in the form of bag such that a round rod having a diameter smaller than the hole diameter of the negative electrode (23b) passes through the hole in the negative electrode (23b) and the hole in the positive electrode (23a), thus assembling the group of electrodes ( 23); a step C of inserting the round rod into the holes in the cap members (24) from two ends of the round rod to place the electrode group (23) between the cap members (24); a step D of mounting the first support member (22a, 27a, 220) on an outer side surface of the electrode group (23) and bending the first support member (22a, 27a, 220) to the round rod along a surface of the member of lid (24), thereby connecting the first support member (22a, 27a, 220) to the electrode group (23) and cap members (24); a step E of pulling the round rod; a step F of connecting the second support member (22b, 27b) to the inner surface of the through hole (25, 67) at the center of the electrode group (23) and the cap members (24); a step G of repeatedly performing steps A to F to assemble a plurality of electrode blocks (21, 51, 61); a step H of connecting a first sealing cover (32b) at one of the two open ends of the tubular outer casing (32a); a step I of press-fitting the plurality of electrode blocks (21, 51, 61) into the outer casing (32a) through from another open end of the outer shell (32a); a step J of press-fitting the current collector (33) into the second support members (22b, 27b) of the electrode blocks (21, 51, 61); a step K to de-aerate the outer shell (32a); a step L to attach a second sealing cap (32b) to the other end. open adhesion of the outer casing (32a) to seal the battery; and a step M of injecting an electrolyte into the outer shell (32a).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PT2871699T|2017-12-20|
    RU2014147376A|2017-01-23|
    CN104321920B|2017-11-10|
    JPWO2014092031A1|2017-01-12|
    EP2871699B1|2017-11-08|
    DK2871699T3|2018-01-29|
    BR112014030120A2|2017-06-27|
    US20150132637A1|2015-05-14|
    HUE035631T2|2018-05-28|
    EP2871699A1|2015-05-13|
    US10388982B2|2019-08-20|
    JP5691048B2|2015-04-01|
    CN104321920A|2015-01-28|
    PL2871699T3|2018-04-30|
    WO2014092031A1|2014-06-19|
    EP2871699A4|2016-06-22|
    NO2871699T3|2018-04-07|
    KR20150082112A|2015-07-15|
    RU2613525C2|2017-03-16|
    KR101695868B1|2017-01-13|
    ES2653266T3|2018-02-06|
    WO2014091635A1|2014-06-19|
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-04-10| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: EXERGY POWER SYSTEMS, INC. (JP) |
    2019-09-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-17| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-25| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/12/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/JP2012/082586|WO2014091635A1|2012-12-16|2012-12-16|Layered battery and assembly method for layered battery|
    JPPCT/JP2012/082586|2012-12-16|
    PCT/JP2013/082893|WO2014092031A1|2012-12-16|2013-12-07|Electrode block, layered battery, and assembly method for layered battery|
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