• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    TRANSPORTABLE GAS TURBINE MODULE, TERRESTRIAL GAS TURBINE PLANT AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A PLANT The achievements disclosed in this document refer to gas turbine plants. More specifically, some of the revealed achievements are related to a gas turbine power plant, that is, a gas turbine generating plant, including a gas turbine as a main engine, which rotates a load that includes an electric generator. It is a transportable gas turbine module comprising: a base plate (25) that supports at least one gas turbine (27) and a load (29) connected in an actionable way to the gas turbine (27). The module additionally comprises a structure that surrounds the gas turbine (27) and the load (29) and connected to the base plate (25). The base plate is designed in such a way that it can support a reinforced gas turbine that has a nominal power of not less than 80 MW.
    公开号:BR112014029526B1
    申请号:R112014029526-3
    申请日:2013-06-07
    公开日:2020-12-22
    发明作者:Marco Giancotti；Stefano Caverni
    申请人:Nuovo Pignone Sri；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The achievements revealed in this document refer to gas turbine plants. More specifically, some of the revealed achievements are related to a gas turbine power plant, that is, a gas turbine generating plant, including a gas turbine as a main engine, which rotates a load that includes an electric generator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Gas turbines are widely used as main engines in industrial or power generation plants, to drive electric generators or other rotating machines, such as compressors. In offshore installations, aeroderivative gas turbines are used frequently due to their compact structure and reduced overall dimensions. Generally, aeroderivative gas turbines are modularized. The gas turbine and the load are arranged in a common frame, thus forming a single unit that is tested in the yard or construction site and tested before being transported to the final destination. The common frame is then transported to its final destination and mounted on a platform. Such a modular arrangement is particularly useful, as it allows complete assembly and testing of the rotating machines before transport and installation at the final destination.
    [003] Large gas turbines, called reinforced gas turbines, are usually not modularized due to their large dimensions. Generally, the various components of a gas turbine plant are transported separately from the manufacturing site to the final destination. The foundation is prepared at the final destination and the individual machines are then mounted on the foundation. Due to the different radial dimensions of the various plant components, such as the gas turbine, the electric generator and the initiator, the foundation is sometimes referred to as machine support surfaces on several different levels. So the rotating machines need to be aligned, mechanically connected and customized. The whole process is extremely time-consuming.
    [004] Figure 1 schematically illustrates a gas turbine power generating plant known according to the current technique. The plant, globally designated with the numerical reference 1, comprises a gas turbine 2, an electric generator 3 and a unit of auxiliary equipment 4, including an initiator. An air intake system 6 is arranged above the auxiliary equipment unit 4 and is connected to the gas turbine 2 via an intake air duct 7. A common foundation 8 is provided at the each individual rotary machine is installed separately. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [005] According to one embodiment, a transportable gas turbine module is provided comprising: a base plate that supports at least one gas turbine and a load connected in an actionable manner to said gas turbine; a structure surrounding said gas turbine and said load and connected to said base plate; wherein said gas turbine is a reinforced gas turbine has a nominal power of not less than 80 MW, for example, between 80 MW and 150 MW and, preferably, not less than 100 MW, for example, between 100 MW and 150 MW.
    [006] The charge generally includes at least one rotating machine, for example, a compressor, such as a refrigerant compressor for LNG applications. In preferred embodiments, the gas turbine drives an electric generator. The gas turbine and electric generator unit is usually called the GTG module, that is, the gas turbine generator module.
    [007] According to another embodiment, a transportable gas turbine module is provided which comprises: a base plate that supports at least one gas turbine and a load (for example, an electric generator) connected in an actionable way to the turbine at gas; a structure surrounding the gas turbine and the load and connected to the base plate; wherein the base plate comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams that extend parallel to a direction of a geometrical axis of rotation of the gas turbine and a plurality of transverse beams that extend transversely to said geometric axis of rotation, wherein said longitudinal beams and said transverse beams define a main network structure in which said gas turbine and said load are placed.
    [008] The base plate is advantageously a transportable structure made from metal beams, for example, welded to form a one-piece mesh structure.
    [009] In preferred embodiments, the gas turbine and the electric generator are mounted on the base plate with the interposition of support members. For example, the gas turbine can be placed on a turbine base plate, interposed between the turbine housing and the main module base plate. The electric generator can be arranged in a generator support arrangement. One or both of the gas turbine and the electric generator can be supplied with angular adjustment members, arranged and configured to adjust the inclination of the gas turbine, the electric generator or both. The angularly adjusting members may comprise spherical washers placed under the gas turbine housing and / or under the electrical generator housing. The use of tilt adjustment members allows the machines to be realigned after transport at the final destination. The large metal base plate needed to house the reinforced gas turbine, the electric generator, the auxiliary installations as well as the structure surrounding the machines can be subjected to deformation during the removal of the foundation in the construction and test yard, transport and positioning on the foundation at the final destination. The angular adjustment members offer the possibility to readjust the machines so that their rotating rods are realigned.
    [0010] In particularly advantageous designs, the gas turbine and the load are placed in a pair of said longitudinal beams. The pair of longitudinal beams, in which the gas turbine and the load are placed, is, for example, located in an intermediate position in the said network structure that forms the base plate or part of it, in which at least one longitudinal beam outer shell is arranged on each side of said pair of longitudinal beams that support the gas turbine and the load. In this way, a network structure base plate is obtained that has the capacity to house the main machinery (gas turbine and load, for example, an electric generator, turbine initiator) as well as the auxiliary installations, and which has the capacity to be erected from the foundation of the construction and test yard and transported, for example, in a ship, and finally to be anchored in the foundation, for example, a reinforced concrete foundation, in the final destination.
    [0011] The use of several parallel longitudinal beams, in which the central ones are arranged to support the main machinery, also allows enough space to be placed for lifting and moving trailers under the module to lift and transport the module.
    [0012] The transverse beams and longitudinal beams define an upper flat surface of the base plate on which the rotating machines are placed. The intermediate support and connection structures or elements are preferably arranged between the upper flat surface of the base plate and the individual rotating machines. The height of these structures or elements is such that the machines are arranged coaxially.
    [0013] In preferred embodiments, the cross beams and at least said pair of longitudinal beams, on which the rotating machines are placed, have substantially the same height and define a lower flat surface of the base plate, on which said flat surface bottom forms a resting surface of the module on the foundation. The lateral longitudinal beams, that is, those arranged on the sides of the base plate, can have a reduced vertical dimension, that is, a reduced height, in order to reduce the overhead costs and the weight of the base plate.
    [0014] In some embodiments, the base plate is divided into base plate sections, in which said base plate sections are aligned with each other in a direction parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine and connected together to form a rigid base plate structure. In this way, a rigid module that has a large longitudinal dimension can be obtained by connecting, for example, by welding, several of these sections adjacent to each other.
    [0015] The crossbeams of the main mesh structure of the base plate have a length that corresponds to a width of the base plate. Conversely, each longitudinal beam is preferably formed by a plurality of portions or sections of longitudinal beam, aligned along the longitudinal dimension of the base plate, that is, parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine and the load . Each longitudinal beam portion extends from a first to a second among consecutively arranged crossbeams. The longitudinal beam portions of each longitudinal beam can be connected to each other by welding to the intermediate crossbeams.
    [0016] The main network structure of the base plate can have substantially rectangular meshes. In at least some of the meshes of the main network structure of the manifold, a secondary network structure can be provided. The secondary mesh structure can be formed by transverse secondary beams, which run parallel to the transverse beams of the main network structure and / or by longitudinal secondary beams which run parallel to the longitudinal beams of the main network structure.
    [0017] At least some of the meshes of the main network structure, clamps or straps can be arranged. The clamps can be arranged in a plane parallel to the flat top surface formed by the main mesh structure. The clamps are preferably inclined in relation to the longitudinal beams and the cross beams.
    [0018] In some embodiments, the cross beams and longitudinal beams that form the main mesh structure comprise a central blanket welded to upper and lower flanges.
    [0019] The gas turbine can be restricted to a turbine frame or base plate, in which the latter is restricted, in turn, to the main base plate of the gas turbine module. In some embodiments, the turbine base plate is connected to the module base plate via a plurality of feet. Preferably, the feet are, in turn, restricted to a pair of said longitudinal beams. Spherical washers or other alignment adjustment members may be provided between the base plate of the turbine and the feet to adjust the inclination of the gas turbine in relation to the base plate of the module. In some embodiments, auxiliary transverse beams may be provided under the gas turbine that transversely connect the pair of longitudinal beams on which the gas turbine rests.
    [0020] In some embodiments, the load is placed on supports restricted to the pair of intermediate longitudinal beams that support the rotating machines. In some embodiments, the load supports extend parallel to the transverse beams of the main mesh structure of the module base plate. Spherical washers or other alignment adjustment members between the load and the supports can be provided.
    [0021] According to a different aspect, the present disclosure also refers to a terrestrial gas turbine plant, in particular, a gas turbine electric plant comprising a gas turbine module as described above, and a foundation . The foundation has a flat support surface for the gas turbine module. The flat support surface is discontinuous and the foundation has channels or empty spaces between adjacent plinths that run parallel to the longitudinal beams of the module base plate. The channels are advantageously arranged and configured for the insertion of lifting and handling trailers. In some embodiments, the foundation has external side walls or rows of plinths and at least one intermediate wall or row of plinths. When the gas turbine and the load, for example, the electric generator, are supported on a pair of adjacent longitudinal beams on the module base plate, the pair of longitudinal beams is configured and arranged so as to rest on the inner wall or plinth. The transverse beams of the module base plate rest on the inner wall or plinth and on the side walls, plinths or rows of plinths. The additional external longitudinal beams, which run alongside the pair of central longitudinal beams on which the rotating machines are placed, are arranged on top of the side walls or side plinths.
    [0022] In preferred embodiments, plinths or walls comprise recesses that accommodate cemented threshold panels in the recesses. The sill plates form resting surfaces for the base plate, in particular for the cross beams and the longitudinal beams that form the main mesh structure of the base plate. Vertical anchoring of the base plate to the foundation can be achieved by using threaded pins cemented into the foundation and arranged for connection to the base plate. The horizontal anchoring of the base plate to the foundation can also be designed. Horizontal anchoring can be achieved using shear keys. The shear keys can also be arranged to control the thermal expansion of the base plate. In some embodiments, shear switches that lock the horizontal movement of the base plate in one direction and allow limited horizontal movement, for example, due to thermal expansion, in a second direction, orthogonal to the first direction, can be used. In some embodiments, a first set of shear keys can be aligned along a longitudinal direction, that is, a direction parallel to the longer sides of the rectangular base plate, parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the rotating machines installed on the base plate. The first set of shear keys can be placed in an intermediate location, close to the central line of the base plate, that is, under the area in which the rotating machines are located. A second set of shear keys aligned according to a transverse direction, that is, according to a direction orthogonal to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine and the load, and parallel to the shorter sides of the rectangular base plate, can be provided. Preferably, the longitudinal alignment and the transversal alignment of said first and second set of shear keys intersect in a central area of the base plate, located approximately under the gas turbine.
    [0023] According to an additional aspect, the present disclosure also relates to a method of assembling a terrestrial gas turbine plant, which comprises a reinforced gas turbine, for example, which has a nominal power of not less than 80 MW, which drives a load, in particular, for example, an electric generator, which comprises the steps of: - providing a first foundation in a construction and test yard; - manufacture a base plate; - anchoring said base plate to said first foundation, wherein said first foundation forms a resting surface of base plate with anchoring areas arranged according to a first pattern, to anchor said base plate to said foundation; - mount, on said base plate, said gas turbine, said load, auxiliary installations and a structure that surrounds said gas turbine, in which said load and said auxiliary installations form a module, in which said structure also advantageously comprise a gas turbine package; - test the gas turbine and the load; - remove the module from the first foundation; - transport the module to a final destination; and - anchoring the module on a second foundation, in which said second foundation forms a base plate resting surface with second anchoring areas arranged according to a second pattern, to anchor said base plate to said foundation, in which the said first pattern corresponds at least partially to said second pattern.
    [0024] The test of the gas turbine plant can be at full speed and without load, or at full speed and full load, for example.
    [0025] After transporting to the final destination and anchoring the module on the second foundation, the rotating machines, that is, the gas turbine and the load, can be adjusted so that the rotating geometric axes of the same are substantially coaxial , that is, their mutual inclination is within a permissible tolerance range. The inclination adjustment of one, the other or both within the gas turbine and said load can occur, if necessary, by means of the spherical washers or other inclination adjustment members mentioned above. In this way, the possible deformations of the base plate that occurred during the removal of the first foundation in the construction and test yard, during transport or during anchoring to the second foundation, at the final destination, can be considered and compensated.
    [0026] The modularization of the gas turbine reinforced plant shortens the time required for installation and startup of the plant. The reinforced gas turbine and the load powered by the gas turbine, as well as auxiliary installations such as the starter motor, lubrication systems, all wiring and electrical installations, sensors and probe, the control unit, the control system fuel, cooling devices and other facilities with which the module is supplied, can be fully tested in the building and testing yard. Then, the module will require only minor adjustments to the final destination before initialization occurs.
    [0027] The modularization of the reinforced gas turbine, of the relevant load and of the installations thus allows savings in terms of time and labor to be obtained.
    [0028] The brief description above presents features of various embodiments of the present invention in order that the following detailed description can be better understood and in order that the present contributions to the technique can be better appreciated. There are, of course, other features of the invention which will be described hereinafter and which will be presented in the appended claims. In this regard, before explaining the various embodiments of the invention in detail, it is understood that the various embodiments of the invention are not limited in their application to the details of the construction and the dispositions of the components presented in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is susceptible to other realizations and can be practiced and executed in several ways. Also, it should be understood that the phraseology and terminology used here serve only the purpose of description and should not be considered a limiting factor.
    [0029] As such, those skilled in the art will note that the design, on which the description is based, can readily be used as a basis for designing other structures, methods and / or systems to perform the various purposes of the present invention. Therefore, it is important that the claims relate to the inclusion of such equivalent constructions as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0030] A more complete assessment of the revealed achievements of the invention and many of the concomitant advantages of the same will be readily obtained as it is better understood as a reference in relation to the following detailed description when considered together with the attached figures, in which : Figure 1 illustrates a schematic side view of a gas turbine generating plant according to the state of the art; Figure 2 shows an axonometric view of a modular gas turbine generator arrangement; Figure 3 shows an axonometric view of the base plate of the module of Figure 2 with a gas turbine and an electric generator mounted thereon; Figure 4 shows a top plan view of the base plate of Figure 3; Figure 5 shows a simplified top plan view of the main components of the base plate; Figure 6 shows an axonometric bottom view of the base plate; Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view according to line VII-VII of Figure 4; Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view according to line VIII-VIII of Figure 4; Figure 9 illustrates a detail of a sill and subsoil arrangement in which the base plate rests on the foundation; Figure 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view according to line X-X of Figure 9; Figure 11 illustrates an enlargement of the detail indicated with XI in Figure 10; Figure 12 shows a cross-sectional view according to a vertical plane of a threaded pin arrangement for anchoring the base plate to the foundation; Figure 13 shows a cross-sectional view according to a vertical plane parallel to the turbine geometric axis of a spherical washer arrangement that supports the electric generator; Figure 14 shows a view according to line XIV-XIV of Figure 13; Figure 15 shows a side view of the gas turbine support on the base plate; Figure 16 illustrates a side view of a shear wrench used to horizontally anchor the base plate to the foundation; and Figure 17 illustrates a view according to line XVII-XVII of Figure 16. DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [0031] The following detailed description of the exemplary achievements refers to the attached figures. The same numerical references in different figures identify the same or similar elements. In addition, the figures are necessarily drawn to scale. In addition, the following detailed description does not limit the invention. Instead, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
    [0032] The reference throughout the specification to "one (1) realization" or "an realization" or "some realizations" means that the particular feature, structure or feature described in conjunction with an realization is included in at least one realization of the revealed matter. Thus, the occurrence of the phrase "in one (1) realization" or "in one realization" or "in some realizations" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same realization (s) ). In addition, particular resources, structures or characteristics can be combined in any suitable way into one or more realizations.
    [0033] Figure 2 illustrates an axonometric view of a gas turbine generating plant according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 shows an axonometric view and Figure 4 shows a top plan view of the base plate and the main rotating machines arranged thereon. The gas turbine generating plant is designed as a module, named 21 in Figures 2 and 3 and is placed on foundations 23. The plant comprises a base plate 25 that supports a gas turbine 27, an electric generator 29 and auxiliary units, such as the gas turbine initiator (not shown), connected to the gas turbine on the side opposite the electric generator 29.
    [0034] The base plate 25 also supports a surrounding structure 33 inside which devices, apparatus and auxiliary installations are arranged, such as cranes to move the machines that form the gas turbine train, the air intake unit, filters, mufflers, fuel distribution and control systems, lubrication systems and the like. These facilities are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail. A gas turbine package 34 is also housed in frame 33.
    [0035] The base plate 25 is designed to be manufactured in a production yard, sent to the construction and test site, where it is completely assembled with all machinery, auxiliary equipment and surrounding structure 33. This results in the entire plant being completely modularized. After assembling and testing, the module can be sent to the final destination and simply anchored to the foundation provided at the final destination, thus minimizing human intervention and the time required to start the plant.
    [0036] In some embodiments, gas turbine 27 is a reinforced gas turbine that produces 80 MW or more, for example, which has a nominal power between 80 MW and 150 MW. An example of a suitable reinforced gas turbine 27 is the MS9001E gas turbine marketed by GEEPE (Belfort-France). Another suitable reinforced gas turbine is the MS7001EA, specifically developed by GE Energy US for the 60 Hz energy market. These reinforced gas turbines are designed to deliver mechanical power in the 80 to 140 MW range. The baseplate structure 25 is specifically designed to allow heavy rotating machines (gas turbine 27 and electric generator 29) as well as the surrounding structure and the remaining installations to be mounted on it, tested and shipped without the need for disassembly parts thereof during testing and for transportation purposes. The main features of the base plate 25 will be described below in this document, with specific reference to Figures 2 to 8.
    [0037] As shown in Figure 2, the flue gas exhaust arrangement is preferably placed in the sludge of the main module 21. This reduces the overall dimensions of the module 21 and the footprint thereof, that is, the dimensions of the plate base 25.
    [0038] According to some exemplary embodiments, the base plate 25 has a network structure comprising a main network structure and a secondary network structure. To better understand the main features of the modularized gas turbine generating plant, the main components of the main network structure are shown in isolation in Figure 5, in which the elements of the secondary network structure are removed. The entire base plate structure is illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 6, in which the last is an axonometric view of the bottom of the base plate.
    [0039] In some embodiments, the main network structure of the base plate 25 is comprised of a plurality of base plate sections 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F mounted together along a longitudinal extension of the base plate 25 The longitudinal extension is parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the coaxial rotary machines arranged on the base plate 25, that is, the gas turbine 27 and the electric generator 29. Each section 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F comprises two transverse beams 41 extending in the transverse direction, that is, substantially orthogonal to the geometric axis of the gas turbine and the electric generator, across the entire width of the base plate 25. Between each pair of transverse beams 41, a plurality of longitudinal beam portions 43.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figures, four longitudinal beam portions 43 are arranged between each pair of transverse beams 41. These four longitudinal beam portions are referred to as 43A, 43B, 43C and 43D. When assembling and welding the various sections of the base plate 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F, a main mesh structure of the base plate 25 is obtained, comprising four longitudinal beams that extend from a first end to a second end of the base plate. The resulting longitudinal beams are called 45A, 45B, 45C and 45D, respectively.
    [0040] Cross beams 41 and beam portions 43 are preferably H-shaped or I-shaped beams. Due to their large size, beam portions 43 and beams 41 are not manufactured by laminating hot, but instead are formed by a central blanket welded to two opposite flanges.
    [0041] The intermediate beam portions 43B and 43C and the cross beams 41 have identical vertical dimensions, thus defining an upper flat surface and a lower flat surface. In preferred embodiments, the longitudinal beam portions 43A and 43D of some baseplate sections 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F have a smaller vertical dimension, as can be better estimated in Figure 3. More specifically, in the realization exemplary illustrated in the figures, the base plate 25 is comprised of six sections 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F and the first four sections 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D have smaller longitudinal beam portions 43A, 43D. In other embodiments, not shown, all side beam portions 43A, 43D of all base plate sections 25A-25F may have a reduced vertical dimension. The side longitudinal beam portions 43A, 43D are arranged so that the top flanges are on the common upper flat surface.
    [0042] As can be understood, for example, from the top plan view of the base plate 25 and the relevant rotating machines arranged therein, the two intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C are placed close together at a distance so that rotating machines can be supported on said longitudinal beams 45B, 45C.
    [0043] More specifically, the gas turbine 27 is supported on a gas turbine frame or gas turbine base plate 47 which is, in turn, mounted on the two intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C with the interposition of feet 49 The connection between the feet 49 and the gas turbine base plate 47 on one side and the base plate 25 on the other side can be by welding. With this arrangement, the weight of the gas turbine is supported directly by the intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C. In some arrangements, auxiliary transverse reinforcement beams 48 are located under the gas turbine base plate 47 to provide rigid grounding to create transverse and / or longitudinal containments for the gas turbine base plate 47 and the module base plate 25.
    [0044] In some embodiments, the electrical generator 29 is mounted on two transverse box-shaped supports 51. In preferred embodiments, the two box-shaped supports extend across the distance of the two intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C and are anchored in them, for example, by welding. In the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the distance of the two box-shaped supports in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the direction parallel to the geometric axis of the gas turbine, corresponds to the width of the respective base plate section 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F so that the box-shaped supports 51 partially transmit the weight of the electric generator to the cross beams 41.
    [0045] In the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C are not located symmetrically in relation to the central line of the base plate 25, but, instead, closer to the longitudinal beam 45A than to the longitudinal beam 45D. In other embodiments, the arrangement of the 45A-45D longitudinal beams can be symmetrical with respect to the centerline of the base plate 25.
    [0046] The perpendicular pilasters 65 of the structure 33 surrounding the machinery are welded to the base plate 25 at the nodes where the longitudinal beam portions 43A-43D and the cross beams 41 are connected together along the longitudinal side edges of the base plate 25 The outline of structure 33 will not be described in detail. The design of the structure 33 can be different depending on the type of facilities housed in the structure and their arrangement.
    [0047] As can be seen from Figure 5, some of the rectangular meshes of the main network structure formed by longitudinal beams 45A to 45D and cross beams 41, are provided with clamps 53, 55 welded together and / or to the structure of main network formed by beams 41 and 45A to 45D by auxiliary reinforcement plates 57, shown in Figure 4, but omitted in the simplified top plan view of Figure 5. Clamps 53, 55 stiffen the entire base plate 25 in the horizontal plane. In some embodiments, the inclined clamps 53, 55 are provided in each rectangular mesh of the main mesh structure formed by the cross beams 41 and the longitudinal beams 45 along one of the longest sides of the base plate 25 and both shorter sides of the same. In the embodiment shown in the Figures, the clamps are arranged in the rectangular meshes of the main mesh structure between one of the intermediate longitudinal beams that support the rotating machines 27, 29 and the adjacent lateral longitudinal beam, that is, the external longitudinal beam 45A.
    [0048] In each mesh formed by the main network structure, secondary beams are arranged, forming a secondary network structure. The secondary beams are labeled 61, 63, the secondary beams 61 which extend parallel to the beams 41 and the secondary beams 63 which extend parallel to the longitudinal beams 45A to 45D. Secondary beams 61, 63 and the secondary mesh structure formed thereby will not be described in detail. Their arrangement may vary depending on the outline of the various installations arranged in the structure 33. The secondary mesh structure formed by the secondary beams 61, 63 defines a resting structure for floor panels of the auxiliary equipment.
    [0049] The cross beams 41 and at least the central longitudinal beams 45B, 45C form a lower flat surface that rests on the foundation 23. The foundation is usually formed as a block below the ground of molten reinforced concrete with some extensions above the ground. As can best be seen in Figures 3, 7 and 8, the foundation 23 forms a horizontal flat surface F on which the base plate 25 is placed. The horizontal flat surface F is discontinuous. More specifically, the flat surface F is interrupted by two voids, referred to below in the present invention as longitudinal "channels" 71, 73. The longitudinal channel 71 has a bottom surface 71B and side surfaces 71S. The longitudinal channel 73 has a bottom surface 73B and side surfaces 73S. The two channels 71 and 73 divide the reinforced concrete block that forms the foundation 23 into two side walls or side plinths 23A and a central wall or central plinth 23B, which form said above-ground extensions of the block below the reinforced concrete floor. cast. The side walls or extensions 23A of the block below the ground can be replaced or formed by two rows of plinth.
    [0050] The lower flange of each cross beam 41 rests on the upper surfaces of the walls 23A, 23B, thus forming three zones in which each cross beam 41 rests on the foundation 23. The lower flanges of the two intermediate longitudinal beams 45B and 45C come into contact with the upper surface of the intermediate wall 23B along the longitudinal extension of the base plate 25, at least in the area where the gas turbine 27 and / or the electric generator 29 are arranged. As will be described later, the module is not directly in contact with the foundation, but, preferably, sustained by means of sill plates and threaded bolts cemented in the reinforced concrete structure of the foundation 23.
    [0051] As shown in particular in Figures 7 and 8, “channels” 71, 73 are used to introduce handling and lifting trailers 81 under base plate 25 of module 21. The trailers are provided with respective wheels 83 and plates vertically movable hoists operated, for example, by hydraulic or mechanical jacks, not shown. As previously mentioned, the structure of the base plate 25 and module 21 is such that the entire gas turbine generating plant can be assembled and tested in a construction and test yard before being transported to the final destination. Substantially similar foundations 23 will be provided both in the construction and test yard and at the final destination of the modularized gas turbine generating plant. The complete module can therefore be mounted in the construction and test yard or location with the base plate 25 properly anchored to the foundation 23, and the plant can be tested, for example, at maximum speed and without load, in a configuration that expresses and represents in the best attainable way both static and dynamic behavior “in service”. Each piece of machinery can be appropriately adjusted and customized. Once the tests have been completed, the base plate 25 will simply be detached from the foundation 23, and lifted along with the machinery, facilities and structure 33 mounted on it, and transported via trailers 81, for example, on a vessel to transport to the final destination.
    [0052] On the vessel, the module will be seated on temporary foundations that have a configuration, again, similar to that provided at the final destination, in view of the fact that the same type of trailers will be used both in the construction and test yard and at the destination Final.
    [0053] Here, the same trailers 81 used in the construction and test yard, or similar trailers provided at the final destination, will be used to lift the module and transport it from the vessel on the foundation 23.Once the foundations in both locations (construction and test yard and final destination) are substantially identical, the module will be ready for initialization after secondary checks and restorations.
    [0054] The structure described above of the base plate 25 and the structure of the foundation 23, with the “channels” 71, 73 are specifically designed to support the entire module which includes a reinforced gas turbine and relevant electric generator, allowing the transport of the module with only negligible bending deformations of the base plate, so that the plant is substantially ready for startup, since it will be relocated at the final destination and properly anchored to the foundation 23.
    [0055] A particularly efficient anchoring arrangement has been developed for this purpose and will be described here below, with reference to Figures 9 to 12.
    [0056] On the upper surfaces of the three walls 23A, 23B, a plurality of recesses is provided, in which the sill plates are located, forming support surfaces for the base plate 25. The recesses are distributed according to the network structure of the base plate 25. For example, the recesses can be located along the longitudinal beams 45A-45D and, in particular, along the intermediate longitudinal beams 45B, 45C, as well as along the transverse beams 41, preferably at the nodes where the beams intersect. In preferred embodiments, the recesses and sill plates are also located under the auxiliary cross beams 48 arranged under the turbine 27.
    [0057] An arrangement of the relevant threshold plate and exemplary recess is shown in Figures 9 to 11. In the recess, labeled 85, an underground panel 87 and a threshold plate 89 are laid and cemented. The subsoil plate 87 is provided with leveling threads 91. Before placing module 21 on the foundation 23, the corresponding subsoil plates 87 and the corresponding threshold plates 89 are positioned in each recess 85 and leveled so that the upper surface of the sill plate is horizontal. The arrangement of the sill plate and subsoil plate 87, 89 is subsequently cemented in the recess 85 in this document so that it is retained in the correct position. The module 21 is then transferred by means of the trailers 81 above the foundation 23 and lowered to rest on the threshold plates 89. The possible spans between the base plate 25 and the individual threshold plates, due to tolerances of base plate construction 25, are padded (not shown).
    [0058] Next to each sill plate 87, the threaded pins 93 are cemented into holes 95 formed in the reinforced concrete block of the foundation 23. The base plate 25 is connected to the threaded pins 93 by means of nuts 97, the threaded pins 93 extend through the holes 98 provided in the base plate 25, for example, in the lower flange 99 of the cross beams 41, or the longitudinal beams 45A to 45D. The grub screws 93 provide a vertical anchoring of the base plate 25 to the foundation 23.
    [0059] Usually, the bolts 93 are not designed to withstand horizontal shearing stresses and are therefore unsuitable for providing a horizontal anchoring of the base plate 25 for the foundation 23. In the embodiment illustrated in the Figures, the shear keys are additionally provided at the bottom of the base plate 25, to provide a horizontal anchoring of the base plate 25 to the foundation 23. Advantageously, the structure and arrangement of the shear keys serve to control the thermal expansions of the base plate 25. It should be noted in fact that , due to thermal gradients between the foundation 23 and the base plate 25, the latter can be subjected to thermal expansions both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction, in which the said expansions are different from the corresponding thermal expansions of the foundation 23 to which the plate base 25 is anchored.
    [0060] In the bottom view of the base plate 25 shown in Figure 6, the general arrangement of the shear keys is shown. In this embodiment, a first set of shear wrenches 94 is aligned along the longitudinal direction of the base plate 25, that is, the direction parallel to the longer sides of the rectangular base plate 25 and parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine 27 and electric generator 29. Preferably, the shear keys 94 of the first assembly are located between the second longitudinal beam 45B and the third longitudinal beam 45C. Preferably, the shear keys 94 are located close to each other of the two parallel longitudinal beams 45B, 45C, instead of centrally to each other. A second set of shear keys 96 is aligned along a transverse line, parallel to the short sides of the base plate 25 and therefore oriented at 90 ° with respect to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine 27 and the electric generator 29 In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the two alignment directions of the two sets of shear keys intersect under the gas turbine. Preferably, the shear keys are identical. They can block the movement of the base plate 25 in both horizontal directions or leave a degree of freedom for the base plate 25 in a horizontal direction, while locking the base plate 25 in the other, depending on how the shear switches are connected to the beams that form the base plate 25.
    [0061] The connection between the base plate 25 and one of the shear keys 94 is illustrated in Figures 16 and 17 and will be described below in the present invention. The shear switches 96 are connected to the base plate 25 in substantially the same manner.
    [0062] In the illustrated embodiment, the shear wrench 94 comprises a vertically arranged I-shaped beam 94A, which is cemented into a seat 94B formed in the foundation 23. The shear wrench 94 additionally comprises a connection slab 94C, welded in one of the flanges of the I-beam 94A and a 94D connection plate. The connection plate 94D is attached to an anchoring flange 94E, which is, in turn, welded to one of the beams that form the main mesh structure of the base plate 25, for example beam 45B. The 94G nut and thread arrangements lock the 94D connection plate and the 94E anchor flange together. To allow horizontal movement, for example, due to thermal expansion, of beam 45B in relation to beam 94A cemented in the foundation 23, the anchoring flange 94D can be provided with elongated slits in a direction parallel to beam 45B, through which the 94G threads pass through. With this arrangement, a displacement according to arrow f45 of beam 45B in relation to the shear key 94 is possible.
    [0063] The arrangement is such that the shear switches 94 allow a controlled displacement of the base plate 25 parallel to the alignment of said shear keys 94, that is, parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the turbine 27 and the electric generator 29. Adverse , the shear switches 96 allow a controlled displacement of the base plate 25 parallel to the cross direction, that is, the direction oriented at 90 ° with respect to the geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine 27 and the electric generator 29. The plate area base 25 where the two sets of shear keys intersect, that is, the area under the gas turbine 27, is substantially locked in the foundation 23.
    [0064] The module is therefore capable of thermally expanding both in the longitudinal direction and in the cross direction in relation to the foundation 23, keeping the center of the base plate 25 substantially fixed.
    [0065] In order to avoid bending stresses in the threaded pins 93 due to thermal expansion and the consequent horizontal displacement of the base plate 25, the hollowed holes 98 through which the threaded pins 93 extend are substantially larger than the threaded pins and / or have slits.
    [0066] In some embodiments, the welded steel structure of the base plate 25, also due to its dimensions, has construction tolerances that do not allow to reach the desired level of flatness of the rotating machines supporting surfaces. For this reason, these surfaces can be machined once the base plate 25 is positioned on the foundation in the construction and test yard.
    [0067] The alignment of the rods of the rotating machines that form the rotating machine train must, in fact, be carried out before the initial initialization, both for testing and for operations, after the module has been installed in the foundation. Inappropriate alignment can cause vibrations and, at worst, premature support failure. Cold alignment compensates for the thermal growth of operating equipment by correctly compensating the drive and driven equipment. Compensation allows the equipment to develop in alignment under normal operating conditions.
    [0068] The ideal maximum load alignment (hot) occurs when all the central lines of the drive train member, that is, the rotating geometric axes of the various rotating machines (gas turbine, electric generator, initiator) exactly coincide. It is intended to position the cold central line of each drive train member in such a way that at maximum load temperature, each drive train member will move to the ideal position.
    [0069] In addition to the above, although the structure of the base plate 25 is particularly rigid, the weight of the rotating machines arranged therein and the possible environmental loads encountered are such that, during the transport of the module 21 from the manufacturing site, or construction and test yard, for the final destination, some deformations of the base plate 25 could occur or, more likely, some, although small, changes in the relative position of the drive equipment to the driven can happen, so that the machines roundabouts need to be realigned after installation at the final destination.
    [0070] For this purpose, according to some preferred embodiments, at least one of the rotating machines and, preferably, both the gas turbine and the electric generator are mounted on the base plate 25 with the interposition of spherical washers. Figures 13 and 14 show the spherical washer arrangement under the electrical generator 29. In some embodiments, the electrical generator housing is mounted on the two box-shaped supports 51 with the interposition of four sets of spherical washers arranged at the ends of both said box-shaped supports 51. Each set 101 of spherical washers comprises, for example, three spherical washers 103. The spherical washers are interposed between a lower plate 51A, for example, which forms an integral part of the box-shaped support relevant 51, and an upper generator support plate 105. In preferred embodiments, the lower plate 51A has a shallow channel 107 machined on the upper surface thereof. The three spherical washers 103 of each set are placed in the shallow channel 107 and partly project from there. Each spherical washer 103 can be round or preferably square or rectangular in plan view and is comprised of two components 103A and 103B. Component 103A is in contact with the bottom of the shallow channel 107, while component 103B is in contact with the upper generator support plate 105.
    [0071] The two components 103A, 103B are provided with respective concave and convex spherical surfaces that come into contact with each other. The inclination of each upper component 103B in relation to the box-shaped support 51 can therefore be adjusted independently for each of the spherical washers 103. This allows each upper generator support plate 105 to be correctly positioned, so that the electric generator 29 that rests on this is coaxial with the gas turbine. Any possible misalignment of the electric generator and gas turbine, for example, due to different deformations of the base plate 25 that occur during transport from the construction site and yard to the final destination, can thus be moved through the simple addition of full face pads between spherical washers and the electrical generator casing, without the risk of failure to reach the desired flatness.
    [0072] A similar spherical washer arrangement can be provided between the gas turbine 27 and the base plate 25. In Figure 15, the spherical washers 111 interposed between the base plate of the gas turbine 47 and the feet 49 are shown schematically. Spherical washers 111 are designed and arranged in such a way that the inclination of the gas turbine base plate 47 can be adjusted so that the gas turbine 27 is coaxial with the electric generator 29.
    [0073] The modular structure described above, and in particular the base plate 25, as well as the foundation structure 23, allow a gas turbine power plant that includes a main structure, the reinforced turbine and a load, such such as, in particular, an electric generator, whether mounted on a manufacturing site or construction and test yard, tested at maximum speed and without load, or maximum speed and maximum load and then transported as a module by sea transport and / or land to the final destination. For this purpose, in the construction and test yard or manufacturing site, a first foundation 23 will be built. The base plate 25 will be assembled and anchored, using threaded bolts 93, on the first foundation 23 and the entire module, including the rotating machines, devices and auxiliary installations, will be assembled therein, including the external structure 33 that surrounds the package. gas turbine. The machines will be axially aligned, customized and tested.
    [0074] Once the module has been completely tested, it can be disassembled from the first foundation 23, by removing the nuts from the threaded bolts 93 (see Figure 12). Trailers 81 will be used to lift the first foundation module 23 and transported, for example, to a vessel for sea transport to the final destination. There, the module will be lifted again by means of trailers 81 and moved on a second foundation 23, which can be identical or similar to the foundation 23 on which the module was assembled and tested in the yard or construction and test site. It is not essential that the two foundations 23 are identical to each other. It is sufficient that the two foundations are similar enough to ensure the same dynamic and static behavior of the module. In particular, both foundations 23 need to have channels to drive the trailers 81 in and out and the resting surfaces to place the main longitudinal beams 45A to 45D and the cross beams 41 and to anchor said beams to the foundation through plates threshold and threaded bolts as described above.
    [0075] Therefore, the structure described above allows the reinforced gas turbines to be modularized and transported, thereby reducing the time and costs to assemble and initialize the gas turbine plant at the final destination.
    [0076] Although the revealed realizations of the matter described in the present invention have been shown in the Figures and completely described above with particularity and details in conjunction with various exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications, changes and omissions are possible without to materially depart from the innovative teachings, principles and concepts presented in this document, and the advantages of the subject mentioned in the attached claims. Consequently, the appropriate scope of the disclosed innovations should be determined only by the broadest interpretation of the appended claims for the purpose of covering all such modifications, changes and omissions. In addition, the order or sequence of any process or method steps can be varied or rescheduled according to alternative embodiments.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    1. EARTH GAS TURBINE PLANT, characterized by comprising: - a gas turbine module comprising: a base plate (25) that supports at least one reinforced gas turbine (27) that has a nominal power of not less than 80 MW and a load (29) connected in an actionable way to the gas turbine (27); a structure surrounding the gas turbine (27) and the load (29) and connected to the base plate (25); wherein the base plate (25) comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams (43), which extend parallel to a direction of a geometric axis of rotation of the gas turbine (27), and a plurality of transverse beams (41), which extend transversely to the geometric axis of rotation; the longitudinal beams (43) and the cross beams (41) defining a main network structure, in which the gas turbine (27) and said (29) are placed; and - a foundation (23), which has a flat support surface for the gas turbine module, where the flat support surface is discontinuous and the foundation (23) has channels (107) that run parallel to the longitudinal beams ( 43), in which the channels (107) are arranged and configured for the insertion of handling and lifting trailers (81).
    [0002]
    2. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to claim 1, characterized by the foundation (23) having external side walls or rows of plinths and at least one intermediate wall or rows of plinths, the pair of longitudinal beams (43), in the which the gas turbine (27) and the load (29) are placed, rest on the inner wall and the transverse beams (41) rest on the inner wall and on the side walls or rows of plinths.
    [0003]
    3. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to claim 2, characterized in that the walls comprise recesses that house sill plates (51) cemented in the recesses, in which the sill plates (51) form resting surfaces for the transverse beams ( 41) and the longitudinal beams (43).
    [0004]
    4. GAS TURBINE PLANT according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the foundation (23) comprises threaded bolts (93) cemented thereon and arranged for connection with the base plate (25).
    [0005]
    5. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to claim 4, characterized in that the threaded bolts (93) are arranged around each sill plate (51).
    [0006]
    6. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base plate (25) comprises shear keys (94) that anchor horizontally to the base plate (25) in the foundation (23).
    [0007]
    7. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to claim 5, characterized by comprising: a first set of shear keys (94) designed and arranged to prevent horizontal displacement of the base plate (25) in a horizontal direction and to allow displacement horizontal in a second direction; a second set of shear keys (94) designed and arranged to prevent horizontal displacement in said second direction and to allow horizontal displacement in said first direction.
    [0008]
    8. GAS TURBINE PLANT, according to claim 7, characterized by the first direction and the second direction being orthogonal to each other, and one of the first direction and the second direction being parallel to the geometric axis of the gas turbine (27 ).
    [0009]
    9. METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A terrestrial gas turbine plant, characterized by comprising a reinforced gas turbine (27) that has a nominal power of not less than 80 MW that drives a load (29), in which the method comprises the steps to: - provide a first foundation (23) in a construction and test yard; - manufacture a base plate (25); - anchor the base plate (25) to the first foundation (23), where the first foundation (23) forms a base plate resting surface with anchoring areas arranged according to a first pattern, to anchor the base plate (25 ) on the foundation (23); - mount on the base plate (25) the gas turbine (27), the load (29), auxiliary installations and a structure that surrounds the gas turbine (27), which forms a module, in which the structure comprises a package of gas turbine; - test the gas turbine (27) and the load (29); - remove the module from the first foundation (23); - transport the module to a final destination; and - anchoring the module on a second foundation (23), in which the second foundation forms a base plate resting surface with second anchoring areas arranged according to a second pattern, to anchor the base plate (25) of said second foundation , where the first pattern corresponds at least partially to the second pattern; wherein the first foundation (23) and the second foundation (23) have empty spaces to insert handling and lifting trailers (81).
    [0010]
    10. METHOD, according to claim 9, characterized by the gas turbine (27) and the load (29) being tested at maximum speed, without load.
    [0011]
    11. METHOD according to any one of claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the gas turbine (27) and said load (29) are tested at maximum speed and maximum load.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104471302B|2017-02-22|
    WO2013182697A1|2013-12-12|
    AU2019204546B2|2020-10-29|
    KR20150023681A|2015-03-05|
    EP2872815A1|2015-05-20|
    AU2013273435B2|2017-06-01|
    US10151244B2|2018-12-11|
    JP6639230B2|2020-02-05|
    JP2015518943A|2015-07-06|
    US20150184591A1|2015-07-02|
    RU2014147782A|2016-07-27|
    AU2017202705A1|2017-05-25|
    AU2013273435A1|2014-12-18|
    RU2635756C2|2017-11-15|
    KR102293003B1|2021-08-27|
    CN104471302A|2015-03-25|
    ITFI20120114A1|2013-12-09|
    EP2872815B1|2020-02-19|
    AU2019204546A1|2019-07-18|
    CA2874948A1|2013-12-12|
    BR112014029526A2|2017-06-27|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-13| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: RETIFICACAO DO DEFERIMENTO NOTIFICADO NA RPI 2596 DE 06/10/2020. |
    2020-11-03| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: RETIFICACAO DO DEFERIMENTO NOTIFICADO NA RPI 2596 DE 06/10/2020. |
    2020-12-22| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/06/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IT000114A|ITFI20120114A1|2012-06-08|2012-06-08|"MODULAR GAS PLANT TURBINE WITH A HEAVY DUTY GAS TURBINE"|
    ITFI2012A000114|2012-06-08|
    PCT/EP2013/061844|WO2013182697A1|2012-06-08|2013-06-07|Modular gas turbine plant with a heavy duty gas turbine|
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