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    • 专利摘要:
    DRILLING CONTROL AND INFORMATION SYSTEM A drilling control and information system comprising: a network at the drilling rig site comprising: a network at the drilling rig site including a drilling rig controller and a sensor the drilling parameter; a sensor in the downhole communicatively connected to the network at the location of the drilling rig; a data center communicatively connected to the network at the location of the drilling rig; a remote access location communicatively coupled to the data center; and a pressure management application communicatively connected to the network at the drilling rig location, where the pressure management application receives pressure data from the drilling parameter sensor and from the sensor at the downhole and issues an instruction of operation for the drilling rig controller.
    公开号:BR112014024835B1
    申请号:R112014024835-4
    申请日:2013-04-03
    公开日:2021-01-12
    发明作者:Robert Eugene Mebane Iii
    申请人:National Oilwell Varco, L.P.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Fundamentals of the Invention
    [0001] This disclosure relates, in general, to methods and apparatus for drilling control and information systems. More specifically, this disclosure refers to methods and apparatus for providing drilling control and information systems that can interface with a plurality of control and information applications to support a variety of control and information functions through a common infrastructure. The common control infrastructure can be configured to acquire data from multiple sources, communicate this data with a plurality of control modules or information interfaces and provide operating instructions for multiple drilling components.
    [0002] To recover hydrocarbons from underground formations, wells are, in general, constructed by drilling in the formation using a rotary drill bit attached to a drill string. A fluid, commonly known as drilling mud, is circulated down through the drill string to lubricate the drill bit and drive cuts out of the well as the fluid returns to the surface. The methods and equipment in particular used to build a particular well can vary extensively based on the environment and the formation in which the well is being drilled. Many different types of equipment and systems are used in the construction of wells, including, but not limited to, rotary equipment to rotate the drill bit, lifting equipment to elevate the drill string, pipe handling systems to handle pipes used in construction well, including the tube that constitutes the drilling column, pressure control equipment to control pressure in the well bore, mud pumps and mud cleaning equipment to handle the drilling mud, directional drilling systems and various drilling tools downward hole.
    [0003] The overall efficiency of the construction of a well, in general, depends on all these systems operating together efficiently and according to the requirements in the well to effectively drill any given formation. A problem faced in the construction of wells is that maximizing the efficiency of one system can have undesirable effects on other systems. For example, increasing the weight acting on the drill bit, known as drill weight (WOB), can often result in a higher penetration rate (ROP) and faster drilling, but it can also decrease the life of the drill bit , which can increase the drilling time due to the need to replace the drill bit more frequently. Therefore, the performance of each system that is used in the construction of a well must be considered as part of the whole of the system in order to safely and efficiently build the well.
    [0004] Many conventional automated drilling systems are “closed loop” systems that attempt to improve the drilling process by perceiving a limited number of conditions and adjusting the system's performance, manually or automatically, based on the perceived conditions. Often, these closed loop systems do not have the ability to monitor or consider the performance of all other systems that are used or to adjust the performance of multiple systems simultaneously. Therefore, it is left to human intervention to ensure that the entire system operates efficiently / satisfactorily.
    [0005] Based on human intervention can be complicated due to the fact that multiple parts are often involved in the construction of the well. For example, the construction of a single well will often involve the owner of the well, a busy drilling contractor with drilling the well and a multitude of other companies that provide specialized tools and services for building the well. Because of the significant coordination and cooperation that is required to integrate multiple systems from multiple companies, significant human intervention is required for efficient operation. The integration of multiple systems and companies becomes increasingly problematic as drilling processes advance in complexity.
    [0006] Thus, there is a continuing need in technology for methods and devices to control drilling processes that overcome these and other limitations of the prior art. Summary of the Invention
    [0007] A drilling control and information system is disclosed here comprising: a network at the drilling rig location that includes a drilling rig controller and a drilling parameter sensor; a sensor in the downhole communicatively connected to the network at the location of the drilling rig; a data center communicatively connected to the network at the location of the drilling rig; a remote access location communicatively coupled to the data center; and a pressure management application communicatively connected to the network at the drilling rig location, where the pressure management application receives pressure data from the drilling parameter sensor and from the sensor at the downhole and issues an instruction of operation for the drilling rig controller.
    [0008] In some embodiments, the drilling parameter sensor measures the pump pressure. In some embodiments, the sensor in the downhole measures the pressure in the downhole in a substitute of the sensor in the downhole and the sensor in the downhole is arranged along a drill string. In some embodiments, the drilling rig controller issues an operating instruction for a mud pump or choke. In some embodiments, the drilling rig controller issues an operating instruction to control the lifting of a drill pipe. In some embodiments, the drilling rig controller issues an operating instruction for a control valve in the downhole. In some embodiments, the sensor in the downhole is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig through the attached drilling pipe. In some embodiments, the sensor in the downhole is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig via wireless communication.
    [0009] Here, a method for controlling pressure in a well hole is also disclosed, which includes: integrating a pressure management application into a network at the location of the drilling rig that is communicatively coupled to a sensor in the down hole, in a drilling rig controller and a drilling parameter sensor; communicatively connect the network to the drilling rig location in a data center and a remote access location; transmit pressure data from the downhole sensor and the drilling parameter sensor to the pressure management application; and issue an operating instruction generated by the pressure management application to the drilling rig controller, where the operating instruction is based on the pressure data received from at least one of the sensor in the downhole or the drilling parameter.
    [00010] In some embodiments, the drilling parameter sensor measures the pressure of the pump. In some embodiments, the downhole sensor measures pressure in the downhole in a replacement for the downhole sensor. In some embodiments, the sensor in the downhole is arranged along a drill string. In some embodiments, the method further comprises issuing the operating instruction from the drilling rig controller to a mud pump and / or a choke. In some embodiments, the method further comprises issuing the operating instruction from the drilling rig controller to a control valve in the downhole. In some embodiments, the method further comprises issuing the operating instruction from the drilling rig controller to the lifting equipment. In some embodiments, pressure data is transmitted from the sensor in the down hole to the network at the location of the drilling rig through the coupled drilling pipe or wireless communication.
    [00011] Here, a method for controlling the pressure in a well hole is also disclosed, which comprises: integrating a pressure management application in a network at the location of the drilling rig that is communicatively coupled to a sensor in the down hole, in a drilling rig controller and a drilling parameter sensor; communicatively connect the network to the drilling rig location in a data center and a remote access location; transmit pump pressure data from the drilling parameter sensor to the pressure management application; transmit pressure data from the downhole sensor in the downhole to the pressure management application; process the pump pressure data and the downhole pressure data with the pressure management application to generate an operating instruction; and issue the operating instruction to the drilling rig controller.
    [00012] In some embodiments, the method additionally comprises issuing the operating instruction from the drilling rig controller to a mud pump and / or a choke. In some embodiments, the method further comprises issuing the operating instruction from the drilling rig controller to a control valve in the downhole. Brief Description of Drawings
    [00013] For a more detailed description of the modalities of this disclosure, reference will now be made to the attached drawings.
    [00014] Figures 1A and 1B are simplified schematic diagrams of a drilling control and information network.
    [00015] Figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control and drilling information network in figure 1 that includes a pump pressure management application.
    [00016] Figure 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control and drilling information network in figure 1 that includes an alternative pump pressure management application.
    [00017] Figure 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in figure 1 that includes an outbreak / lick management application.
    [00018] Figure 5 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control and drilling information network in Figure 1 that includes an alternative surge / lick management application.
    [00019] Figure 6 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in figure 1 that includes a pressure managed drilling application.
    [00020] Figure 7 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in Figure 1 that includes a dual gradient drilling application.
    [00021] Figure 8 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in Figure 1 that includes a directional drilling application.
    [00022] Figure 9 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control and drilling information network in figure 1 that includes a well hole visualization application.
    [00023] Figure 10 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in Figure 1 that includes a drilling swing application.
    [00024] Figure 11 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control and drilling information network in figure 1 that includes an application of total vertical depth.
    [00025] Figure 12 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in figure 1 that includes an application of geology and geophysics.
    [00026] Figure 13 is a simplified schematic diagram of the drilling control and information network in figure 1 that includes a health application for the equipment. Detailed Description
    [00027] It should be understood that the following disclosure describes several exemplary modalities for implementing different features, structures or functions of the invention. Exemplary modalities of components, arrangements and configurations are described below to simplify the present disclosure; however, these exemplary embodiments are provided as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Additionally, the present disclosure may repeat numbers and / or letters of reference in the various exemplary modalities and through the figures provided here. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various exemplary modalities and / or configurations discussed in the various figures. Furthermore, the formation of a first resource on a second resource, or in it, in the description that follows may include modalities in which the first and second resources are formed in direct contact, and may also include modalities in which additional resources can be formed by interposing the first and second resources, in such a way that the first and second resources may not be in direct contact. Finally, the exemplary modalities presented below can be combined in any combination of ways, that is, any element of an exemplary modality can be used in any other exemplary modality, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
    [00028] Additionally, certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular components. As those skilled in the art realize, several entities may refer to the same component by different names and, as such, the naming convention for the elements described here is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, unless otherwise specifically here defined. Additionally, the naming convention used here is not intended to distinguish between components that differ in name, but not in function. In addition, in the following discussion and in the claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are used in an open manner and thus must be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to". All numerical values in this disclosure may be accurate or approximate, unless otherwise specifically stated. In this way, various types of disclosure can deviate from the numbers, values and ranges disclosed here without departing from the intended scope. Furthermore, as used in the claims or specification, the term "or" is intended to cover both exclusive and inclusive cases, that is, "A or B" is intended to be synonymous with "at least one of A and B ", unless otherwise expressly specified herein. For the purposes of this application, the term "in real time" means without significant delay.
    [00029] Initially, in relation to figures 1A and 1B, a drilling control and information network 100 may include a network at the location of drilling equipment 102, a data center 104 and a remote access location 106. The network at drilling rig location 102 and remote access location 106 are communicatively coupled to the data center 104 by means of secure high-speed communication systems that can provide real-time data transmission. For example, if the drilling rig location is located on the high seas, the network at the drilling rig 102 location can be coupled to the data center 104 via a satellite-based communication system 108. The access location remote 106 can be communicatively coupled to the data center 104 via the Internet 110.
    [00030] The drilling rig 102 site network is located on drilling rig 103 and provides connectivity between drilling rig mounted on drilling rig 105, drilling rig 107 on seabed 109 and bore tools descending 119 in well 111. Although illustrated for use with offshore drilling equipment 103, it is understood that the network described here is also applicable to land based drilling equipment. The drilling rig 102 site network can provide information about the drilling rig's performance and the ability to control the drilling processes that occur. To provide this connectivity, the drilling rig 102 site network can include drilling rig controllers 112, drilling process controllers 114, drilling parameter 116 sensors, downhole 118 sensors, tools 119 and information systems. drilling 120. An exemplary network at the location of the drilling rig is described in US Patent 6,944,547, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
    [00031] Drilling rig controllers 112 may include control systems and subnets that are operable to directly control various drilling components, including, but not limited to, mud pumps, top drives, main winches, drilling equipment pressure control, tube handling systems, automatic construction sites, chokes, rotating tables and motion compensation equipment.
    [00032] Drilling process controllers 114 include systems that analyze the performance of the drilling system and automatically issue instructions to one or more drilling components, so that the drilling system operates within acceptable parameters. Drilling information systems 120 include systems that monitor ongoing drilling processes and provide information regarding the performance of the drilling system. This information can be in the form of raw data or it can be processed and / or converted by the drilling information systems 120. The information provided by the drilling information systems 120 can be provided to the controllers of the drilling process 114, it can be visually presented for evaluation by drilling rig personnel, or can be accessed and used by other processes, such as those that will be discussed in detail below.
    [00033] The drilling parameter 116 sensors may include, but are not limited to, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, position indicators, mud puddle monitors, tachometers and load sensors. Sensors in downhole 118 and tools 119 may include sensors mounted on or near the base hole in the unit, or at selected points along the drill string. In certain embodiments, multiple sensors can be integrated into a "replacement sensor" that can measure temperature, pressure, inclination, rotation, acceleration, tension, compression and other properties at a selected location in the drill string. The sensors in the downhole 118 and the tools 119 can communicate with the network at the location of the drilling rig via wired or wireless communication, which will be discussed in detail below.
    [00034] The drilling rig 102 site network allows data to be collected from drilling rig controllers 112, drilling parameter sensors 116 and sensors in downhole 118 and tools 119. These data can, then be processed by drilling process controllers 114 and / or drilling information systems 120. Thus, the network at the drilling rig 102 site can be configured to automatically issue operating instructions to the drilling rig controllers 112 and / or the tools of the downhole 118 to control the drilling processes.
    [00035] The drilling rig 102 site network also allows data to be presented to operations personnel at the drilling rig site by drilling information systems 120, as well as transmitted in real time over the network 100 to the center. data 104 and remote access locations 106. Data can be analyzed at any or all of these locations to assess the performance of drilling equipment and drilling processes. Due to high-speed communication, allowing remote access sites 106 to have real-time communication with the network at the location of drilling equipment 102 and real-time visualization of the drilling process, drilling control and communication network 100 they also allow control inserts to be made from remote access locations 106. In the manner previously discussed, data center 104 can be communicatively coupled to a network at the location of drilling equipment 102 via a high-level communications system safe speed, such as satellite communication system 108. Data center 104 may include one or more drilling rig location information systems 122 and one or more drilling rig location viewing and control systems 124. The Drilling rig location information systems 122 may include systems that store data gathered by the network at the drilling rig location. drilling 102 and allow users to access this data to assess information that includes, but is not limited to, performance, costs and maintenance needs of drilling equipment. Drilling rig location visualization and control systems 124 may include systems that receive data from the network at drilling rig location 102 and allow non-physical uses in drilling rig to monitor drilling rig activity in real time and issue operating instructions directly to the equipment located on the drilling rig. The data center 104 can be communicatively coupled to a plurality of networks at the location of the drilling rig 102 to enable monitoring of a plurality of drilling rig from a central location.
    [00036] Remote access location 106 may include remote access clients 126 and / or remote process controllers 136 that can access data from data center 104 or directly from the network at the drilling rig location 102. The remote access customers 126 and remote process controllers 136 can provide users with the ability to remotely monitor and adjust the performance of drilling equipment. In the manner previously discussed, remote access site 106 can access data center 104 and, therefore, the network at the location of drilling rig 102, via network 100 from any location.
    [00037] The provision of a real-time data connection between downhole sensors 118 and tools 119 and the drilling rig 102 site network can further improve the monitoring and management of drilling processes and drilling equipment by through the control and drilling information network 100. The sensors in the downhole 118 and the tools 119 can provide information regarding the conditions of the downhole and the performance of the system that was previously unavailable in real time. In certain embodiments, data from the sensors in the downhole 118 and the tools 119 can be transmitted to the surface through the coupled drilling pipe, as described in USPN 6,670,880, which is incorporated herein by the reference in its entirety. Coupled drill pipe includes conductors coupled to the drill pipe that provide a direct connection between the surface and the sensors in the down hole 118 and the tools 119. The drill pipe can include electrical conductors, fiber optic conductors, other signal conductors and combinations of these. Coupled drill pipe systems can include a downhole communication hub that gathers information from one or more downhole tools and then transmits this data along the conductors to a surface 128 communication hub that receives the data and communicates with the network at the drilling rig location 102. The coupled drilling pipeline can support communication in both directions, which allows data transmission from the sensors at downhole 118 and tools 119 to the network at the drilling site drilling rig 102 and the transmission of operating instructions from the network at the drilling rig location to one or more sensors in the downhole 118 and tools 119.
    [00038] In other modalities, data from the sensors in the down hole 118 and the tools 119 can be transmitted wirelessly to the surface through signals, such as pressure pulse transmitted through the drilling fluid, wireless electromagnetic signals, acoustic signals or other wireless communication protocols. Tools that can transmit signals through pressure pulses can be configured to transmit pressure pulses continuously or at selected intervals, such as when the pumps are turned off. One embodiment of a downhole tool that is operable to transmit pressure pulses is described in Published Patent Application US 2011/0169655, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
    [00039] Wireless communication systems may include a downhole communication hub that gathers information from one or more downhole tools and then transmits this data to a surface 130 communication hub that receives the data and communicates with the network at the drilling rig location 102. Wireless communication systems can support communication in both directions, which allows the transmission of data from the sensors at downhole 118 and tools 119 to the network at the drilling rig location drilling 102 and transmission of operating instructions from the network at the drilling rig location to one or more sensors in the downhole 118 and tools 119. By supporting communication with sensors in the downhole 118 and tools 119, the control and information network drilling 100 thus allows visualization and communication between sensors in the downward hole 118, the network at the site of the equ drilling rig 102, data center 104 and remote access sites 106. The drilling control and information network 100 provides an infrastructure that allows the use of information discovered on the network to control the drilling process or provide enhanced visualization of the process drilling. To support this activity, the drilling control and information network 100 provides an interface that allows various specialized drilling applications to be integrated into the network at the drilling rig 102 location, data center 104 and / or remote offices 106 to provide enhanced visualization of the drilling process or allow autonomous or remote control of certain aspects of the drilling process.
    [00043] In one or more embodiments, the drilling control and information network 100 may include drilling applications designed to monitor one or more sensors and provide operating instructions for one or more components to manage drilling operations. In certain embodiments, the applications may be independent components that are coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102, at the data center 104 or at the remote access location 106. In other embodiments, the drilling applications can be integrated into one of the network components, such as drilling information system 120, drilling rig location visualization and control system 124 and / or remote process controllers 136. Drilling applications can also be designed to operate autonomously or with insertion operator. Drilling applications can be designed to operate with one or more tools, operations, processes and / or external interfaces. Many different drilling processes and types of drilling information can be managed by drilling applications, including, but not limited to, wellhole pressure management, gas jet detection and mitigation, drilling control and optimization, drilling monitoring well monitoring, equipment monitoring and visualization of the well bore.
    [00040] Well hole pressure management is critical for many aspects of well construction, including, but not limited to, penetration rate (ROP), hole cleaning and management of formation pressures and fracture gradients. The hydrostatic pressure in a well hole is determined by the depth of the well hole, the weight of the drilling fluid, the dynamic pressure generated by the mud pumps and, in certain operations, back pressure applied by a choke. The sensors in the down hole 118 and the network tools 119 at the drilling rig location 102 can be used to collect pressure data in real time from one or more locations in a well hole. These pressure data can then be analyzed by one or more applications integrated in the drilling control and information network 100 to adjust one or more of the variables that can affect the pressure in the well bore.
    [00041] Now, in relation to figure 2, a pressure management application of pump 200 is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102. By controlling the pressure of the fluid that is pumped into the well bore and by monitoring the pressure returning to the surface in the drill string, choke / shutdown lines or other desired location, pressure variations can be used to assess hole cleanliness, well hole stability and other issues of fluid. The pressure management application of pump 200 receives pressure data from the down hole from the sensors in the down hole 202 located along the drilling column and pressure data from the pump from the drilling information system 120. The application 200 can be configured to issue operating instructions for the mud pumps (not shown) via a drilling rig controller 112 and / or a drilling process controller 114 to regulate pressure to a predetermined set point in the selected location both on the surface and in the well bore. Application 200 can also be configured to regulate mud pumps during pump start-up, or elevation, so that the pressure is increased in a controlled manner. In some embodiments, application 200 can analyze pressure data from the surface and sensors in the downhole to make additional adjustments or provide an indication of well hole conditions, such as hole cleaning and gas jet detection . For example, application 200 can monitor the correlation between pump pressure, surface pressure and pressure in the downhole during a series of pump starts to provide an indication of well hole conditions. The pressure data received by the application 200 can be archived and an algorithm incorporated in the application 200 can analyze changes in the pressure data over time to identify trends and anomalies that may indicate the state of the well. The drilling control and information network 100 may also allow remote monitoring and adjustment of the pump 200 pressure management application from data center 104 and / or remote access 106.
    [00042] Now, in relation to figure 3, an alternative pump pressure management application 300 is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig location 102 and can be used to manage start pressures of the mud pump. Similar to the pressure management application of pump 200, application 300 receives pressure data from the down hole from the sensors in the down hole 202 located along the drilling column and pump pressure data from the drilling information system 120. Application 300 activates mud pumps via a drilling rig controller 112 and / or a drilling process controller 114 and issues control commands to a flow valve in downhole 302 that can be used to precisely manage the flow of fluid from the drill pipe into the well hole, so that pressure enters the well hole in a uniform and consistent manner and dampens pressure peaks that can result from the activation of the mud pumps. The pressure data received by the application 300 can be archived and an algorithm incorporated in the application 300 can analyze changes in the pressure data over time to identify trends and anomalies that can indicate the well status. The drilling control and information network 100 also allows remote monitoring and adjustment of the pump pressure management application 300 from data center 104 and / or remote access 106.
    [00043] As previously discussed, the flow valve in the downhole 302 may be similar to the valve disclosed in Published Patent Application US 2011/0169655, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. The downhole valve 302 can also be used to facilitate wireless communication with the network at the drilling rig 102 site by transmitting pressure pulses to the surface that carry the information collected by one or more dynamic sensors in the downhole, such as acceleration, RPM, pressure, etc. This data can be used to determine drill bit rotation, clamping / sliding. The operation of the valve in the down hole can be carried out in different ways to transmit various data in each connection. This near real-time data can be used to modify drilling parameters.
    [00044] Now, in relation to figure 4, an outbreak / lick management application 400 is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig location 102. Outbreak pressures and lick pressures are pressures generated in a well bore at from the movement of the drilling pipe. Outbreak pressures are greater pressures in the well bore generated when additional pipe is inserted into a well bore, while lick pressures are lower pressures in the borehole resulting from the removal of drill pipe from a well bore. Outbreak and lick pressures can lead to gas jets and well hole stability problems if not properly managed. Application 400 receives downhole pressure data from a sensor replacement in downhole 402, sensors mounted on drill column 202 and drill pipe position data from drill information system 120. As the drill pipe is moved, the surge / lick management application 400 can adjust the operation of the pumps via a drilling rig controller 112 and / or a drilling process controller 114 to compensate for the drill pipe movement . For example, during lifting, the surge / lick management application 400 can increase the pumping rate, so that a pulse of mud is transmitted in a way that displaces the pressure wave associated with the lifting process. The pumps can be slowed when the drill pipe passes inside the well hole. The 400 application can also modulate the speed at which drill pipe passes inside the well hole, or outside it, in response to pressure data received from the sensor replacement in the downhole 402. The control and information network of drilling 100 also allows remote monitoring and adjustment of the pump pressure management application 400 from data center 104 and / or remote location 106.
    [00045] Figure 5 illustrates an alternative surge / lick management application 500 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102 and uses a valve in the downhole 302 to control pressure variations in the outbreak and lick. The 500 application can issue operating instructions for the valve in the downhole 302 to increase or decrease the fluid entering the well hole to manage pressure spikes to minimize the effects of pressure spikes arising from the pump start, and surge and pressure lick. pressure during lifting operations. The 500 application can also be configured to issue operating instructions for the mud pumps and / or hoisting equipment via the drilling rig controller 112 and / or the drilling process controller 114 to further control well hole pressures down hole. The drilling control and information network 100 also allows remote monitoring and adjustment of the pump 500 pressure management application from data center 104 and / or remote access 106.
    [00046] Figure 6 illustrates a managed pressure drilling (MPD) 600 application that is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig 102 site. In managed pressure drilling, the pressure in the well bore is maintained in a non balanced in that the pressure in the formation is greater than the pressure in the well bore. Drilling in an unbalanced state increases drilling rates, but also requires a high state of pressure control in the well bore to prevent gas jets or other pressure control situations. The MPD 600 application can receive pressure data in real time from the replacement sensor 402 and the sensors mounted on the pressure drill column 202 to monitor the pressure in the well bore. Because the network at the drilling rig 102 site allows real-time pressure measurement from the well bore, the MPD 600 application can be configured to issue operating instructions for drilling rig, such as a choke, a continuous circulation substitute, mud pumps and other pressure control equipment, by means of a drilling rig controller 112 and / or a drilling process controller 114 to maintain the pressure in the well bore in a desired range. The drilling control and information network 100 also allows remote monitoring and adjustment of the MPD 600 application from the data center 104 and / or remote access 106.
    [00047] Figure 7 illustrates a dual gradient drilling (DG) 700 application that is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig 102 location and is configured for use in dual gradient drilling operations. Dual gradient drilling is used in offshore drilling operations to reduce pressure in the well bore by introducing a lower density fluid into the drilling fluid column. This is often accomplished by injecting a lower density drilling fluid, or seawater, into the riser above the wellhead. The DG 700 drilling application can receive pressure data in real time from the replacement sensor 402 and the sensors mounted on the pressure drilling column 202 to monitor the pressure in the well bore. The 700 application can also monitor pressures and flows of the pump and vertical piping using the drilling information system 120. The DG 700 drilling application can be configured to monitor these pressure and flow data and issue operating instructions for the equipment drilling equipment, such as chokes, mud pumps, mud cleaning equipment and / or other pressure control equipment, using a drilling rig controller 112 and / or a drilling process controller 114 to maintain pressure in the well bore in a desired range. The drilling control and information network 100 also allows remote monitoring and adjustment of the DG 700 drilling application from data center 104 and / or remote access 106.
    [00048] Figure 8 illustrates a directional drilling application 800 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of drilling rig 102 and can be configured to automate directional drilling operations. In directional drilling operations, the drill string is guided along a non-vertical path to reach a very specific target zone. In operation, directional drilling tools in the downhole 802, such as rotary steerable tools, provide data to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102 that indicates the performance of the downhole tools. The directional drilling application 800 evaluates the performance of the downhole tools in relation to the well plane that the application both stores in local memory and can access through the network at the location of the drilling rig 102. The application 800 compares the position and the performance of directional drilling tools in relation to the well plan, which includes the path the well should be taking and the expected performance parameters. The 800 application can provide operating instructions for directional drilling tools in the downhole 802 or for surface equipment, such as the top drive, using drilling rig controllers 112 to place the position and performance of drilling tools. 802 directional drilling in accordance with the drilling plan. The 800 application can continuously monitor the performance of the 802 directional drilling tools to make additional adjustments as the performance of the tools conforms to the drilling plan. Real-time well data management allows communication with a remote directional drilling application 804 at the remote access location 106, so that personnel located away from the drilling rig location can make further entries and adjustments in response to the performance of the well. system.
    [00049] Figure 9 illustrates an application for visualizing the well bore 900 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102. The well bore visualization can provide users with important information regarding the well bore that is constructed and give early indications of potential problems with the well bore. The well hole visualization application 900 is operable to provide real-time visualization of the well hole by acquiring real-time measurements of depth, hole size, pressure, orientation, etc. from the drill column 202 sensors, from a sensor substitute in the downhole 402, from the register during drilling with tools 902 and from the sensors of drilling parameter 116 using the drilling information system 120. The visualization application of the well bore 900 takes the acquired data and generates a three-dimensional simulation of the well bore that can be compared to the projected well plan and / or provides early indications of well bore stability problems that can then be addressed using other control components for varying drilling parameters, such as mud weight, pressure and drill weight, using drilling rig controllers 112. The well bore viewing application 900 allows communication with a remote viewing application 904 at the remote access location 106, so that personnel located away from the drilling rig location can make other insertions and adjustments in response o system performance.
    [00050] In certain embodiments, the well hole 900 viewing application can be used in conjunction with downhole operations, such as lower flare. For example, a unit at the bottom of the hole that includes a sensor substitute in the down hole 402 can also include an enlarged reamer. As the sensor substitute in the downhole 402 travels through the well hole, it can transmit real-time measurements of the depth and size of the hole to the well hole 900 viewing application. The hole viewing application well 900 can be configured to compare the measured depth and hole size with a predetermined well plane, so that if the hole size is smaller than planned, the lesser reamer can be implemented to increase the size of the well hole.
    [00051] Figure 10 illustrates a drilling oscillation application 1000 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102. As discussed in International Publication WO 2011/035280, which is incorporated by reference for all purposes, the efficiency of numerous drilling processes can be negatively impacted by steady-state conditions. For example, pumping at a constant rate can create flow conditions that inhibit hole cleaning, while varying the pumping rate in a narrow range can reduce these problems. In order to address this problem, the drilling oscillation application 1000 monitors the drilling process data acquired by the drill column 102 sensors, the sensor replacement in the down hole 402 and the drill parameter 116 sensors via the system drilling information 120. Application 1000 is operable to provide control inserts so that drilling rig controllers 112 oscillate defined points for RPM, pressure and WOB. This oscillation helps to lessen problems associated with steady state conditions.
    [00052] Figure 11 illustrates an application of true vertical depth (TVD) 1100 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig 102. Determining the true vertical depth of the unit at the bottom of the borehole is very important, especially in wells directional activities and shale activities in which the production area can be relatively narrow. The depth of the unit at the bottom of the borehole is conventionally calculated by tracking the length of the drill string that has passed inside the borehole. Because the drill string is not rigid, there is an inherent error incorporated in this calculation. The TVD 1100 application receives pressure measurements from drill column 202 sensors and / or a sensor replacement in downhole 404 and drilling fluid density measurements from drill parameter 116 sensors via the drilling information system 120. The TVD 1100 application calculates the true vertical depth based on the measured density and pressure data. The acquisition of pressure data with both active and inactive pumps can improve the accuracy of determining true vertical depth.
    [00053] Figure 12 illustrates an application of geology and geophysics (G&G) 1200 that is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig location 102. The G&G 1200 application can communicate with a remote G&G package 1202 connected at the access location remote 106 to integrate geology and geophysics databases into a well plan to determine the drilling envelope. The application of G&G 1200 can provide feedback and control instructions for controllers of well 112 equipment based on parameters extracted from the geology and geophysics databases. The G&G 1200 application can also acquire training data from a sensor replacement in the downhole 402 and from drilling parameter 116 sensors that can be communicated to the G&G package and used to update the geology and geophysics. This training data can also be stored and analyzed by drilling rig location information systems 122 and drilling rig location visualization and control systems 124 in data center 104, so that information can be integrated into plans well updated.
    [00054] Figure 13 illustrates a 1300 equipment health monitoring system that is communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig 102 site. An exemplary health monitoring system for use with surface equipment is disclosed in US Patent 6,907. 375, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. The 1300 equipment health monitoring system is operable to receive performance and health data from the downhole tool in real time from the downhole tools and sensors 118, which can be used to determine when a replacement is needed . The equipment health monitoring system 1300 can communicate this performance and data to a service center 1302 in data center 104 and to an external portal 1304 at remote access site 106 to allow the supply chain to purchase spare parts and / or new tools for the location of the drilling rig.
    [00055] Although the disclosure is susceptible to several modifications and alternative forms, specific modalities of this are shown by way of example in the drawings and in the description. It must be understood, however, that the drawings and their detailed description are not intended to limit disclosure to the particular form disclosed, but rather the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives that fall in the spirit and within the scope of this disclosure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [0001]
    1. Drilling control and information system for use with one or more drilling equipment, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a network at the drilling equipment site that includes a drilling rig controller, drilling parameter sensors, and a drilling information system configured to provide drilling data indicating the performance and health of the drilling equipment; Downhole sensors communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig location, Downhole sensors providing downhole data indicating health, performance and position of a downhole tool; a data center coupled communicatively to the network at the drilling rig location, where the data center is remote from the network at the drilling rig location, and where the data center is operable to store the drilling data, the downhole data, and a well plan that includes a path that a well should be following and expected performance parameters; a remote access location connected to the data center and operable to access data stored in the data center; and, a plurality of applications communicatively coupled to the network at the drilling rig location, wherein the plurality of applications comprises a drilling application that is operable to receive performance data and position data from the downhole sensors, the application drilling tool being operable to compare the position and performance of the downhole tool against the well plane, where the plurality of applications comprise a well viewing application that is operable to acquire data from the drilling parameter sensors and the sensors downward bore, and to generate a three-dimensional simulation of the well for comparison with the well plan, in which the plurality of applications comprise an equipment health monitoring application that is operable to receive performance data and health data from drill parameter sensors and downhole sensors, and determine from the data performance and health data a time when spare parts or new tools are needed, when the drilling application generates operating instructions for the down-hole tool or drilling equipment to bring the position and performance the down-hole tool in accordance with the well plan; where the remote access site comprises an external portal and the equipment health monitoring application communicates performance and health data to the external portal, and where the well hole visualization application allows communication with an application remote viewing at the remote access location, so that people located outside the network at the drilling rig location can make adjustments in reaction to the performance data, where the performance and life of the drilling rig and the downhole tool are used to efficiently build the well.
    [0002]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a plurality of networks at the location of the drilling rig, each including a drilling rig controller and a drilling parameter sensor, each of the plurality of nets at the location of the drilling rig are associated with different equipment; and, a plurality of downward hole sensors coupled communicatively to one of the plurality of networks at the location of the drilling equipment; where the data center which is located remotely from the plurality of networks at the location of the drilling rig, where each of the plurality of networks at the location of the drilling rig is communicatively coupled to the data center, where the data is operable to monitor the performance and health data received from each of the plurality of networks at the drilling rig location, in which the rig's health monitoring application is communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of networks at the drilling site drilling rig, where the rig health monitoring application receives performance and health data from each of the plurality of networks at the drilling rig location, and stores the performance and health data received in the data center, where the external portal of the remote access site receives performance and health data stored in the data center, and generates and issues a co entry. ntrol for the equipment health monitoring application, and where the control input includes an indication that a replacement part is required.
    [0003]
    3. System according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the data received by the data center from the plurality of networks at the equipment location are generated by the drilling equipment controller or the drilling parameter sensors.
    [0004]
    4. System according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the data center is communicatively connected to the plurality of networks at the location of the drilling equipment by means of a satellite-based communication system.
    [0005]
    5. System according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that it also comprises a plurality of remote access locations, in which each of the plurality of remote access locations is communicatively connected to the data center via the Internet.
    [0006]
    6. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the down-hole sensors are arranged along a drilling column.
    [0007]
    7. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the sensors in the downward hole are communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling rig through the wire drill pipe.
    [0008]
    8. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the sensors in the down hole are communicatively coupled to the network at the location of the drilling equipment via wireless communication.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013152078A3|2014-07-31|
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    WO2013152072A3|2014-07-31|
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    WO2013152073A2|2013-10-10|
    EP2834461A2|2015-02-11|
    WO2013152078A2|2013-10-10|
    EP2834458A2|2015-02-11|
    EP2834458B1|2019-06-19|
    WO2013152073A3|2014-07-31|
    CA2869592A1|2013-10-10|
    EP2834460A2|2015-02-11|
    DK2834458T3|2019-09-30|
    WO2013152074A2|2013-10-10|
    US20150053483A1|2015-02-26|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-02-11| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-15| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-12| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 03/04/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261619500P| true| 2012-04-03|2012-04-03|
    US61/619500|2012-04-03|
    PCT/US2013/035071|WO2013152072A2|2012-04-03|2013-04-03|Drilling control and information system|
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