• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    PROCESS FOR OPERATING A HEATING CATALYST. The present invention relates to a process for operating a discharge gas treatment device (1), comprising an electric heater (2) to heat the discharge gas flow in the discharge gas treatment device (1) and / or surface ( 25) in the discharge gas treatment device (1), comprising a feeding point (3) for feeding additive in the discharge gas treatment device (1), so that the additive touches the electric heater (2). In step a), additives are supplied to the supply point (3). In step b), the operating state (4) of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) is determined by using at least one state variable (5), in which deposits can collide with the electric heater (2). In step c, frequency of synchronization (6) is determined according to operational state (4), when operational state (4), established in step b) is in a predefined range of operational states (7). In step d), synchronized activation and deactivation of the electric heater (2) occurs by using the synchronization frequency (6) determined, when the operational state (4) is within the predefined range of operational states (7).
    公开号:BR112014021452B1
    申请号:R112014021452-2
    申请日:2013-02-28
    公开日:2021-01-19
    发明作者:Peter Hirth；Peter Bauer；Jan Hodgson
    申请人:Continental Automotive Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The present invention relates to a method for operating an exhaust gas treatment device, having a heater for heating a discharge gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device. In addition, a feed point is provided in the exhaust gas treatment device, at which feed point an additive can be dosed in the exhaust gas treatment device.
    [002] Discharge gas treatment devices, in which an additive for purification of exhaust gas is dosed, are widely used, among others, in the automotive field. An example of such an exhaust gas treatment device is an exhaust gas treatment device in which the selective catalytic reduction process (SCR process) is conducted. In said process, the nitrogen oxide compounds in the exhaust gas are purified with the help of a reducing agent (which is fed, as an additive to the exhaust gas). Other exhaust gas treatment devices, to which an additive is fed, are the exhaust gas treatment devices in which hydrocarbons (in particular, fuel) are fed, so that they are burned in a catalyst and increase the temperature of the gases discharge. It is thus possible to achieve that certain thermally activated conversion reactions take place in the exhaust gas treatment device (and, in particular, in filters).
    [003] It was found that a heater, for heating a discharge gas stream, can become contaminated, or even blocked, with exhaust gas and / or its constituents. This primarily increases the flow resistance for the exhaust gases imposed by the heater on the exhaust gas treatment device. In addition, the heating performance of the heating device is adversely affected, because adequate heating of the exhaust gas is not possible, due to deposits in the heater.
    [004] Considering this as a starting point, it is an object of the present invention to solve, or at least mitigate, the technical problems discussed. In particular, it has been sought to propose a particularly advantageous process for operating an exhaust gas treatment device with an electric heater.
    [005] The invention relates to a process for operating a flue gas treatment device, having an electric heater to heat at least one flush gas stream or a surface in the flue gas treatment device, and having a feeding point to feed an additive into the exhaust gas treatment device, so that the additive touches the electric heater, taking the following steps:
    [006] food additive to the feeding point;
    [007] identify, based on at least one state variable, an operational state of the discharge gas treatment device, in which deposits can be formed in the electric heater;
    [008] adjust a cycle frequency according to the operational state, if the operational state, identified in step b) is within a predefined range of operational states; and
    [009] cyclically activate and deactivate the electric heater at the set cycle frequency, if the operational state, identified in step b) is within a predefined range of operational states.
    [010] The exhaust gas treatment device is normally used to purify the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. To that end, the exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the internal combustion engine.
    [011] The electric heater is preferably operated with an electric current, which is provided in particular by the electrical system on board a motor vehicle. The heater preferably has an electric heating element, around which, in the exhaust gas treatment device, the exhaust gas stream can flow and which can therefore release into the exhaust gas stream the heat that is produced during heating. In one embodiment of the process, the heater serves to heat the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device. In another embodiment, the heater serves to heat a surface in the exhaust gas treatment device. Said surface is preferably in contact with the discharge gas stream, and can be, for example, a surface of a honeycomb body. Said surface can be a surface of the heater itself. In a preferred embodiment of the process, the heater serves to heat both the discharge gas stream and also a surface. The supply point may, for example, comprise a valve and / or an injector, by means of which the amount of additive, metered in the exhaust gas treatment device, can be regulated.
    [012] In the method described, an additive is fed first at the feed point. The feed of the additive preferably takes place regardless of the heating of the discharge gas stream. The additive is preferably fed in an amount required by an exhaust gas purification component (for example, an SCR catalyst, an oxidation catalyst or an adsorbent) provided in the exhaust gas treatment device.
    [013] In step b), in particular, a value, calculated from various operating parameters of the exhaust gas treatment device, is identified as an operational state, or a set of parameters consisting of various operational parameters is identified as a state operational. This can be done, for example, based on operating parameters, which are measured in the exhaust gas treatment device, for example, based on temperatures. One can use, for example, the temperature of the exhaust gas itself or a temperature of a discharge line, which conducts the exhaust gas. This temperature is representative of the temperature of the exhaust gas. It is also possible for an operational parameter of the exhaust gas treatment device to be calculated for the operational state of several operational variables of an internal combustion engine, which is connected to the discharge gas treatment device. For example, a mass flow through the exhaust gas treatment device can be calculated from a mass of air and fuel, burned by the internal combustion engine, and this can be used as an operational state for step b).
    [014] In step c), the operational state identified in step b) is compared with a predefined range of operational states. The range of operational states has certain limits of operational states, among which is the predefined range of operational states. If the operational state, identified in step b) falls within said limits of operational states, the operational state, identified in step b), is within the predefined range of operational states. The predefined range of operating states is preferably linked by limit values on both sides, and is not open on one side.
    [015] In a simple embodiment of the process, the operational state is a temperature measured in the exhaust gas treatment device, and the range of operational states is a predefined range of temperatures. For example, the range of operational states can start at 100 ° C and end at 180 ° C. The operating state is then within the predefined range of operating states, if the measured temperature falls within the specific temperature range.
    [016] The frequency of the cycle is preferably calculated, according to a predefined calculation formula, of the operational parameters that characterize the range of operational states. In one embodiment of the process according to the invention, in which the operating state is merely a temperature measured in the exhaust gas treatment device, the frequency of the cycle can be defined, for example, as a function of temperature.
    [017] In step d), the comparison of the (present / imminent) operational state, identified in step b), with the predefined range of operational states is done, preferably, as in step c). In the case of a heater operated with an electric current, the activation and deactivation of the heater is done by activating and deactivating the current flowing through the heater. The cycle frequency, defined in step c), is preferably at a repetition rate (specified, for example, in hertz). The repetition rate can be, for example, between 1 kilohertz (1,000 repetitions per second) and 0.001 hertz (one repetition every 1,000 seconds). A repetition rate between 4 hertz (every 0.25 second) and 0.5 hertz (every 2 seconds) is particularly preferred. A repetition rate between 0.05 hertz (every 20 seconds) and 0.005 hertz (every 200 seconds) is also preferable. The repetition rates specified in this specification apply in particular when the internal combustion engine is being operated in the low load range. The frequency of the cycle is preferably adjusted in step c) based on a deposit model of an ammonia deposit of the exhaust gas treatment device. The ammonia deposit is preferably in the form of a storage coating, which can be formed, for example, on an SCR catalyst. The deposit model can be stored in a data processing device and allows an estimate of the amount of ammonia stored in the ammonia deposit. With the deposit model, it is possible, for example, that the temperature of the ammonia deposit and the quantities fed into the liquid additive are used as parameters to determine the amount of ammonia stored. It is also possible that other parameters are taken into account to determine the amount of ammonia stored.
    [018] The predefined range of operational states is preferably a range of operational states in which increased amounts of deposits are formed in the heater. The range of operational states is, for example, a range of operational states in which a desired conversion reaction of the additive occurs or begins to occur, but does not occur completely, and thus residues can be formed in the heater. It has now been found to be advantageous to operate the heater in cyclic mode, so that additive deposits or residues in the heater are converted and / or burned. This can be done with particularly low energy consumption by cyclical operation of the heater.
    [019] It is particularly advantageous if the surface, on which deposits are formed, is directly heated by the heater, because then deposits on said surface can be converted and / or burned in a particularly effective way.
    [020] The process is particularly advantageous if the heater comprises an electrically heated honeycomb body. A honeycomb body of said type has, for example, several ducts, through which the exhaust gas can flow. A honeycomb heating body of said type is, in particular, mechanically stable, and is, above all, more stable than a heater, which is formed of heating wires stretched by the exhaust gas treatment device. Furthermore, a honeycomb body of said type has a particularly large surface area, by which heat can be released from the honeycomb body to the exhaust gas. It can be a problem that an alveolar body of said type has very small ducts, which can easily be relatively blocked. Said ducts can then be cleaned (or removed from deposits) using the described process. The heatable honeycomb body can be at least partially coated with an active coating. An active coating can convert and / or store the constituents of the exhaust gas or additive.
    [021] The process is, moreover, advantageous if the additive is a reducing agent, and at least one SCR catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas treatment device, downstream of the supply point, as seen in a direction of discharge gas flow.
    [022] The exhaust gas treatment device, which can be operated according to the process, according to the invention, comprises not only the heater, but preferably an SCR catalyst, a storage catalyst, a catalyst oxidation and / or an adsorbent.
    [023] The selective catalytic reduction process is carried out on the SCR catalyst. The reducing agent, preferably an aqueous solution of urea, is then fed as an additive. A typical additive, used as a reducing agent for selective catalytic reduction, is a 32.5% aqueous urea solution, which is available under the trade name AdBlue®. This solution forms particularly firmly adherent deposits, if the temperature is only sufficient to partially convert the solution to ammonia, and, in particular, is not sufficient to completely evaporate the solution. Part of the solution's urea then remains as deposits on the surfaces touched by the non-evaporated liquid reducing agent in the exhaust gas treatment device. Ammonia for selective catalytic reduction can be stored temporarily in a storage catalyst. A storage catalyst and an SCR catalyst can be obtained together in a honeycomb body, in which the honeycomb body has a coating, which has both ammonia storage components and also the components to promote selective catalytic reduction.
    [024] In another embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment device comprises an oxidation catalyst and / or an adsorbent. If an oxidation catalyst and / or an adsorbent is or is used in the exhaust gas treatment device, it is preferable that hydrocarbons, in particular fuel (or the fuel used for the connected internal combustion engine), are fed as an additive. By means of hydrocarbons, the temperature in the exhaust gas treatment device is increased. To that end, hydrocarbons are burned in a catalyst (for example, a platinum catalyst) provided for that purpose. As a result of the elevated temperature, certain conversion reactions in the oxidation catalyst can be activated and / or made possible so that the adsorbent is released from the constituents of the stored exhaust gas. An adsorbent has the task, in particular, during a cold start of an internal combustion engine, to at least temporarily store the pollutants, which are generated by the internal combustion engine. This is advantageous, in particular when the temperature of the exhaust gas treatment device is still low, during cold starting, and certain conversion reactions cannot therefore take place in the exhaust gas treatment device. Thereafter, when the temperature in the exhaust gas treatment device has risen above certain threshold temperatures, the pollutants stored in the adsorbent can be released / converted.
    [025] The coating for an adsorbent, an oxidation catalyst, an SCR catalyst and / or a storage catalyst can also be at least partially provided in the electrically heated honeycomb body.
    [026] The process is still advantageous if, in step b), at least one of the following state variables is used to identify the operational state:
    [027] - at least one temperature;
    [028] - a mass flow from the additive through the feed point to the exhaust gas treatment device; and
    [029] - a mass flow of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device.
    [030] The temperature can be, for example, an exhaust gas temperature measured in the exhaust gas treatment device and / or a temperature of a wall of the exhaust gas treatment device. Temperature is particularly relevant for the formation of deposits, because the conversion reaction, by which the additive is converted, is significantly dependent on temperature, and the formation of deposits is therefore also dependent on temperature. The mass flow of the additive substantially determines the rate at which deposits form in the heater and the amount of said deposits. For example, it may be advantageous to increase the frequency of the cycle if the mass flow of the additive is increased. Mass flow has an erosive effect on deposits. It is, therefore, also advantageous that the mass flow of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device is considered for the process. It is particularly preferable that all three parameters mentioned are used for the method.
    [031] The method process is also advantageous if, in step c), not only the frequency of the cycle, but also a heating period, by which the heater is operated, during each cycle period of the cycle frequency, is established. The heating period is preferably characterized by a heating duration. The warm-up period can be, for example, between 1 millisecond and 20 seconds in duration. If the cycle frequency or heater operation is in the preferred range between 4 hertz and 0.5 hertz, or between 0.05 hertz and 0.005 hertz (and the cycle period is, therefore, between 0.25 seconds and 2 seconds, or between 20 seconds and 200 seconds, respectively), the warm-up period is, however, preferably between 1 second and 20 seconds in duration.
    [032] This warm-up period is sufficient to eliminate (or burn) deposits in the heater in an effective manner. At the same time, the entry of thermal energy into the exhaust gas treatment device remains relatively low. In particular, no significant increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas occurs. By adapting the heating period, it is possible to obtain that precisely the amount of thermal energy, effectively necessary for burning the existing deposits, is introduced into the discharge gas treatment device. The duration of the cycle indicates the time interval, from the beginning of a warm-up period to the beginning of the next warm-up period, and is determined, for example, as the reciprocal of the cycle frequency.
    [033] The method is still advantageous if the frequency of the cycle is selected so that the heater is activated by means of 20 percent of that operating time of the exhaust gas treatment device, during which the operating state of the treatment device exhaust gas is in the predefined range of operational states. The heater is preferably still activated by less than 10%, and particularly by less than 5%. It is also especially preferable that the heater is activated for less than 2% of the operating time of the exhaust gas treatment device. In this case, the higher limits can be used in particular for operating the motor vehicle in urban traffic. By means of the process according to the invention, it is preferably obtained that, on average during the operating time, a heating power of less than 500 watts, particularly less than 100 watts, and especially less than 50 watts, is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device. In this way, it is possible to promote a particular energy-saving operation of the process, and the deposits in the heater are nevertheless removed in an effective manner.
    [034] The method is, moreover, advantageous if a temperature of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device is increased by less than 50 ° C, preferably even less than 25 ° C, as a result cyclic operation of the heater. The process is also advantageous if a temperature of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device is increased by less than 15 ° C, preferably less than 5 ° C, and particularly less than 2 ° C, in consequence of the cyclic operation of the heater. Through this operation of the heater, for only a small fraction of the operating time and with a small increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas stream, it is possible to promote, in particular, an energy-saving operation of the process, with which the deposits in the heater are nevertheless effectively removed.
    [035] The operating method described above is particularly advantageous if the heater is in a state, and / or is of a design, in which the thermal transfer to the exhaust gas is reduced. In that case, the heater may have, for example, a small heated surface area, so that a small amount of heat is released from the heater into the exhaust gas stream. It is also possible that a heated surface of the heater or a heated region is at least partially shielded from the exhaust gas stream, so that only a fraction of the exhaust gas stream is in heat conducting contact with the heater. The heater can, for example, be arranged close to the flow of another component in the exhaust gas treatment device. It is also possible that the heater is composed of a material, the surface of which has a low thermal transfer coefficient for the exhaust gas.
    [036] In this particular aspect, it is preferable that a feeding device for the liquid additive is arranged so that the liquid additive collides as completely as possible in the heater. In this way, an intense increase in temperature of the heater can be achieved, locally and / or in the direct vicinity of the heater or in the heater, and a conversion of the liquid additive occurs. It is thus possible for the deposits of the liquid additive in the heater to be evaporated, burned and / or even prevented in a particularly effective way. At the same time, only a small amount of thermal energy is needed, because the exhaust gas stream is only heated to a small degree.
    [037] The method is still advantageous if the feed point is arranged upstream of the heater, as seen in a direction of discharge of the exhaust gas by the device of treatment of exhaust gas, and the additive is dosed in the direction of flow of the discharge. discharge gas. The additive then collides with the heater, where the additive preferably collides with the heater, while still in liquid form (still in the non-evaporated state). The liquid additive preferably collides with the heater while in the form of droplets. If the liquid additive is a reducing agent (and, in particular, an aqueous solution of urea), it can be at least partially converted into the heater. The conversion product is preferably ammonia. If the chemical conversion does not occur completely (for example, due to the low temperatures of the exhaust gas), deposits may be formed in the heater. Said deposits are composed, for example, of crystalline urea. The deposits can, for example, be eroded and / or decomposed using the method described.
    [038] The reducing agent converted to ammonia is, preferably, temporarily stored in a deposit, so that it can be used later for the reduction of pollutants in the exhaust gas. The deposit can, for example, be provided on an SCR catalyst, such as a coating. The coating temporarily binds to ammonia. When the tank is full (or fully charged), the ammonia additionally present in the exhaust gas treatment device (or, in addition, the fed reducing agent) can also form deposits. These deposits can also be eroded and / or decomposed using the method described.
    [039] The method is also advantageous if the feed point is arranged downstream of the heater, as seen in a direction of discharge gas flow through the exhaust gas treatment device, and the additive is dosed in a direction contrary to discharge gas flow direction. The liquid additive is preferably fed at a pressure that is sufficient to accelerate the liquid additive at the feed point, so that said liquid additive passes through the discharge gas treatment device to the heater in a direction opposite to the direction discharge gas flow. Also in this variant, deposits can be formed, which will be eroded and / or decomposed using the method described.
    [040] The method is still advantageous if the feeding of the additive, in step a), occurs in at least one predefined injection time, in which said at least predefined injection time is adapted at least to the frequency of the activation cycle of the heater. The said at least predefined injection time is, in particular, also adapted to the duration of the heater activation cycle.
    [041] It is preferable not only that an injection time, but also at least that an injection duration is adapted to the cycle frequency, and, if appropriate, also to the duration of the heater activation cycle. It is possible, for example, that the injection time (and the duration of the injection) is adjusted so that the feed of the additive occurs directly before the activation of the heater. If appropriate, the duration of the injection may also overlap with the activation of the heater. The liquid additive can then be fed with a cycle frequency that corresponds to the frequency of the heater activation cycle, in which the individual operating cycles of the supply means are shifted in relation to the operating cycles of the heater. In this case, on the one hand, it can be provided that, for each activation of the heater, an additive feed occurs at a predetermined injection time. On the other hand, it can also be provided that, for a multiplicity of heater activations, a common continuous feed of additive occurs in this case in a multiplicity of heater operating cycles with a cycle frequency. In another embodiment, the injection time can be adjusted so that a pre-established series of heater activations takes place after a liquid additive feed.
    [042] The injection time and / or the injection duration can be adapted not only to the frequency of the heater activation cycle. It is, alternatively or additionally, also possible that the injection time and / or the injection duration are adapted to the duration of the heater activation cycle or to a heating period of the heater operation, during a single operational cycle. In this case, the heating period refers, in particular, to a duration of the heater operation, during a single cycle of the cycle frequency.
    [043] The injection time corresponds, for example, to the opening time of an injector at the supply point, so that, through this injector, the liquid additive supply to the exhaust gas treatment device can be controlled . The injection duration then corresponds, in particular, to the period of time following the injection time, and during which the injector is open. The injection duration is followed by a closing time, in which the injector is closed again.
    [044] It is also proposed, within the context of the invention, a motor vehicle, having an internal combustion engine, and an exhaust gas treatment device for purifying the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, and a control, which is designed and adjusted to operate the exhaust gas treatment device according to the method described.
    [045] The invention and the technical field will be explained in more detail below based on the figures. The figures show particularly preferred exemplary embodiments, to which the invention is not, however, limited. In particular, it should be noted that the figures and, in particular, the illustrated proportions are merely schematic. In the figures:
    [046] Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment device;
    [047] Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment device;
    [048] Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment device;
    [049] Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment device;
    [050] Figure 5 shows a block diagram illustrating the sequence of the described process;
    [051] Figure 6 shows a diagram illustrating the operation of an exhaust gas treatment device; and
    [052] Figure 7 shows a heatable honeycomb body.
    [053] Figures 1 to 4 show different embodiments of an exhaust gas treatment device, which can be operated according to the described process, and whose common characteristics will first be explained together in this case. All figures show the exhaust gas treatment device 1 in a motor vehicle 14, which has an internal combustion engine 15. The exhaust gas treatment device 1 is implanted and provided to purify the exhaust gases produced by the engine internal combustion 15. The exhaust gases flow through the exhaust gas treatment device 1 in a direction of the exhaust gas flow 9. In the exhaust gas treatment device 1, in each case, a point is provided feed 3, by means of which an additive can be fed. The feed point 3 is supplied with additive by an additive source 24 and can comprise a nozzle, a valve, an injector or the like. In each case, a heater 2, in the form of a heated catalyst substrate 8, is provided in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, for the purpose of heating the exhaust gases in the exhaust gas treatment device 1. The heater 2 is controlled by a control unit 16, which can activate (by supplying electric current) and deactivate heater 2.
    [054] In both embodiments according to Figures 1 and 2, an SCR catalyst 10 is provided in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, downstream of the supply point 3 (and, in particular, also downstream of the heater 2), as seen in the direction of the discharge gas flow 9, in whose SCR catalyst the selective catalytic reduction process can be conducted. In both embodiments according to Figures 1 and 2, the reducing agent, and, in particular, the aqueous urea solution, is fed as an additive. In the embodiment according to Figure 1, the supply point 3 is arranged upstream of the heater 2, as seen in the direction of the discharge gas flow 9. In the embodiment according to Figure 2, the supply point 3 is arranged downstream of heater 2, as seen in the direction of the exhaust gas flow 9.
    [055] In the embodiment according to Figure 3, an adsorbent 19 (in particular, an adsorbent catalyst) is provided in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, downstream of the feed point 3 (and, preferably, also the downstream of heater 2), as seen in the direction of the discharge gas flow 9, in whose adsorbent certain polluting constituents, present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 15, can be temporarily stored. In that embodiment, the hydrocarbons (or, in particular, fuel) are preferably fed as an additive by the feed point 3.
    [056] In the embodiment according to Figure 4, an oxidation catalyst 20 is provided in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, downstream of the feed point 3 (and preferably also downstream of the heater 2), as seen in the direction of the discharge gas flow 9, into whose oxidation catalyst certain polluting constituents, present in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 15, can be converted. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the hydrocarbons (and, in particular, fuel) are fed as an additive at the feed point 3, the hydrocarbons of which can be burned in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, to increase the temperature in the oxidation catalyst 20 , and, thus, activate certain conversion reactions in the oxidation catalyst 20.
    [057] Figure 5 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the described process. The illustration shows the steps in process a), b), c) and d), which are carried out successively. Process steps a), b), c) and d) can also be repeated together in the manner of a closed loop. Additive dosing is carried out initially in step a). The dosage of additive in step a) is a prerequisite for the start of the subsequent process steps b), c) and d). The described process is preferably carried out when an additive feed into the exhaust gas treatment device occurs. Process steps b), c) and d) do not need to be carried out each time process step a) is carried out. It is, for example, appropriate that the steps of the process are conducted with such regularity that deposits in the heater can be identified at an appropriate time and eliminated through the process. In process step b), an operational state 4 is determined or calculated from several state variables 5 of the exhaust gas treatment device. Said operational state 4 is provided by process step b) for process steps c) and d). In process step c), if operating state 4 falls within a range of operating states, a frequency of cycle 6 and a warm-up period 11 (or a warm-up period duration) are determined. The frequency of cycle 6 and the heating period 11 are also provided for step d). In process step d), a heater, in a discharge gas treatment device, is operated with the frequency of cycle 6 and the heating period 11, if operational state 4 is in a certain range of operational states.
    [058] Figure 6 shows a diagram illustrating the operation of an exhaust gas treatment device 1, according to one of the processes described in this specification. An operating time 13 of an exhaust gas treatment device 1, or of an internal combustion engine 15 connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 1, is plotted on the horizontal axis. The operating state 4 of the exhaust gas treatment device 1 is plotted on the vertical axis. A range of operational states 7 is also marked. Operating state 4 is in the range of operating states 7 for time interval 17. The exhaust gas treatment device 1 is therefore operated according to the process described in time interval 17. In this case, a heater 2 is cyclically operated with a cycle frequency 6 and a resulting cycle duration 12, in which a heating period 11 is provided for each duration of cycle 12. To illustrate the effect of the heater, a temperature of the heater 18 is also plotted in the Figure 6. The temperature of heater 18 records deflections when heater 2 is activated. The temperature deflections of the heater 18 are selected to be specifically of such an intensity that the deposits in the heater 2 are effectively burned or eroded.
    [059] Figure 7 shows a heater 2 in the form of a heatable honeycomb 8. The honeycomb 8 is S-shaped and has ducts 21 through which the exhaust gas can flow. The honeycomb body 8 is produced from a set of corrugated and smooth metal layers (preferably sheets) wrapped in an S shape. In order to be mechanically stable, a honeycomb body 8 of said type is preferably supported by means of electrically insulated support in an alveolar support body (not shown in this specification). Terminals 23 are provided in the honeycomb body 8, for the introduction of an electric heating current in the honeycomb body 8. Honeycomb body 8 has an insulator 22, formed as a free span or with insulating material, whose insulator predefines a current path through the honeycomb body 8, and through this insulator the terminals 23 are connected to each other. The construction of a heatable honeycomb body 8 of said type is described, for example, in European patent application EP 0 541 585 B1, the full content of which is referred to in this specification. If the ducts 21 of the catalyst substrate 8 become blocked by deposits, less exhaust gas flows through them. This results in a greater back pressure of the discharge gas treatment device 1, and the effective heating of the discharge gas stream by the honeycomb body 8 is prevented. The heatable honeycomb 8 has a surface 25, which is heated when the heatable honeycomb 8 is operated.
    [060] Figure 8 shows a modification of the diagram in Figure 6. The reference signals, already explained in relation to Figure 6, are also used again in the diagram in Figure 8, and therefore do not need to be explained again. The supply of a liquid additive is further illustrated in Figure 8. The supply of liquid additive always occurs at an injection time 26 and with an injection duration 27. The injection time 26 and the injection duration 27 can be adapted to the operation of the heater, and in particular the frequency of cycle 6 of the heater operation, the duration of cycle 12 and / or the heating period 11 of the heater.
    [061] The described method makes it possible for a heater, in an exhaust gas treatment device 1, to be operated in such a way that deposits in heater 2 are prevented or removed effectively, without the need to use an amount of electrical energy excessively large. List of reference numbers 1 - exhaust gas treatment device 2 - heater 3 - supply point 4 - operational status 5 - state variable 6 - cycle frequency 7 - range of operating states 8 - honeycomb body 9 - direction of exhaust gas flow 10 - SCR catalyst 11 - heating period 12 - cycle duration 13 - operating time 14 - motor vehicle 15 - internal combustion engine 16 - control unit 17 - time interval 18 - heater temperature 19 - adsorbent 20 - oxidation catalyst 21 - duct 22 - insulator 23 - terminal 24 - source of additive 25 - surface 26 - injection time 27 - injection duration
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    1. Method for operating a flue gas treatment device (1), having an electric heater (2) to heat at least one flush gas stream or a surface (25) in the flush gas treatment device (1 ), and having a feed point (3) to feed an additive into the exhaust gas treatment device (1), so that the additive impacts on the electric heater (2), characterized by the fact that it has the following steps, a) feed additive to the feed point (3); b) identify, based on at least one state variable (5), an operational state (4) of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), in which deposits can be formed in the electric heater (2); c) adjust a cycle frequency (6) according to the operational state, if the operational state, identified in step b) is within a predefined range of operational states (7); and d) cyclically activating and deactivating the electric heater (2) at the set cycle frequency (6), if the operational state (4), identified in step b) is within a predefined range of operational states (7).
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the heater (2) comprises an electrically heatable honeycomb body (8).
    [0003]
    3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the additive is a reducing agent, and at least one SCR catalyst (10) is disposed in the exhaust gas treatment device (1), downstream from the supply point (3), as seen in the direction of the discharge gas flow (9).
    [0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that, in step b), at least one of the following state variables (5) is used to identify the operational state (4): - at least one temperature; - a mass flow from the additive through the feed point (3) to the exhaust gas treatment device (1); and - a mass flow of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device (1).
    [0005]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that, in step c), not only the frequency of the cycle (6), but also a heating period (11), by which the heater (2 ) is operated, during each cycle duration (12) the cycle frequency (6) is established.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the cycle frequency (6) is selected so that the heater (2) is activated for less than 20 percent of that operating time (13) of the discharge gas treatment device (1), during which the operational state (4) of the discharge gas treatment device (1) is within the predefined range of operational states (7).
    [0007]
    Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that a temperature of the exhaust gas stream in the exhaust gas treatment device (1) is increased by less than 50 ° C, as a result of the operation heater cycle (2).
    [0008]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supply point (3) is arranged upstream of the heater (2), as seen in a direction of the discharge gas flow ( 9) by the discharge gas treatment device (1), and the additive is dosed in the direction of the discharge gas flow (9).
    [0009]
    9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the supply point (3) is arranged downstream of the heater (2), as seen in a direction of the discharge gas flow ( 9) by the discharge gas treatment device (1), and the additive is dosed in the direction of the discharge gas flow (9).
    [0010]
    10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the additive feed in step a) occurs at least one predefined injection time (26), said at least one predefined injection time (26) is adapted to the cycle frequency (6) of the heater activation (2).
    [0011]
    11. Motor vehicle (14) with an internal combustion engine (15), characterized by the fact that it has an exhaust gas treatment device (1) for purifying the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine (15), and a control unit (16), which is designed and adjusted to operate the exhaust gas treatment device (1), according to a process according to any one of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2820263A1|2015-01-07|
    CN104145096B|2016-08-17|
    US20140366509A1|2014-12-18|
    JP2015508864A|2015-03-23|
    IN2014DN06944A|2015-04-10|
    JP6100802B2|2017-03-22|
    RU2600196C2|2016-10-20|
    PH12014501938B1|2014-11-24|
    MX343307B|2016-11-01|
    MY164098A|2017-11-30|
    KR101640701B1|2016-07-18|
    MX2014010484A|2014-11-26|
    PH12014501938A1|2014-11-24|
    CN104145096A|2014-11-12|
    EP2820263B1|2016-04-20|
    KR20140130484A|2014-11-10|
    RU2014139675A|2016-04-27|
    WO2013127936A1|2013-09-06|
    US9371760B2|2016-06-21|
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    法律状态:
    2018-06-19| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH (DE) |
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-08-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-19| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/02/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201210004267|DE102012004267A1|2012-03-02|2012-03-02|Method for operating exhaust treatment device of motor vehicle for cleaning exhaust gases, involves supplying of additive to supply point of exhaust treatment device, where operating state of exhaust treatment device is set|
    DE102012004267.1|2012-03-02|
    DE201210107207|DE102012107207A1|2012-08-07|2012-08-07|Method for operating exhaust gas treatment device of motor vehicle, involves supplying of additives to supply point, where operational state of exhaust gas treatment device is determined using one state variable|
    DE102012107207.8|2012-08-07|
    PCT/EP2013/054065|WO2013127936A1|2012-03-02|2013-02-28|Method for operating a heating catalyst|
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