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  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    patent summary: "compositions useful as animal litters". The present invention relates to a composition suitable for use as an animal litter comprising a first component having a density lower than that of liquid and a second component having a density of at least 5 lb / ft3. (80.1 kg / cm3) larger than the first component. The invention is based on the disclosure that adding liquid such as urine to a composition having two components with significant differences in density, one of which is less than the density of the liquid, will result in the lowest density component floating in the composition. towards the top of the liquid while the component with the highest density will separate below the component with the lowest density.
    公开号:BR112014017350B1
    申请号:R112014017350-8
    申请日:2012-06-08
    公开日:2019-02-26
    发明作者:Yimin Zhang
    申请人:Nestec S.A.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Invention Patent Descriptive Report for USEFUL COMPOSITIONS AS ANIMAL BEDS, METHOD FOR WASTE ADMINISTRATION, AS WELL AS ANIMAL BED BOX.
    Cross Reference to Related Orders [001] This order claims priority to U.S. Provisional Order no. 61/586896 filed on January 16, 2012, the disclosure of which is incorporated here by reference.
    Background of the Invention
    Field of the invention [002] The present invention relates in general to compositions suitable for use as animal beds and particularly to animal beds having increased organoleptic properties after use.
    Description of the Related Art [003] Natural animal beds made of plant materials and plants are known in the art. For example, US6635344 discloses corn cob cob beds having a content of less than 1% by weight of fines and a moisture content below 10%. US 6053125 discloses cat beds made from heavy density corn cob cobs and straw and corn cob cob cobs with a coating of mineral oil and guar gum. US 4296709 discloses an animal bed based on corn cob cob grains. Similarly, US4619862 discloses paper products useful as an animal bed. US5352780 discloses an animal bed made from milled cellulose. US 3980050 discloses a poultry litter for cutting made from cellulosic fibrous material or low density bark adhered to and made by the bark. US 3941090 revealed cedar-based beds made using cedar particles, an alfalfa binder, and water. US5927049 discloses animal beds
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    2/21 of yellow pine wood useful for animal residue control. US 5542374 discloses an animal bed made using clay and western red cedar. US5044324 discloses wood fiber crumbs made of cedar and used as an animal bed. In addition, US 5884584 discloses an animal bed made of pine, alfalfa and poplar wood, especially alpine poplar. US6837181 discloses a bed made of wood particles and wood shavings and baking soda, where wood particles and wood shavings come from pine and alpine poplar, where the bed is useful for small domestic pets, for example , rabbits, guinea pigs and monkeys and large animals. US 6622658 and his family disclose animal beds made from grain. US 6220206 discloses controlled density cat beds made from grain milling by-products such as wheat and corn processing by-products.
    [004] In contrast to traditional clay-based beds, natural beds are biodegradable, lightweight, and create relatively little dust when used. However, natural beds typically have poor agglomeration resistance and poor odor control. Wood-based beds have desirable organoleptic properties after use but often have poor agglomeration resistance when wetted with urine or other animal waste. Grain-based beds often form strong agglomerations but do not have desirable organoleptic properties after use, for example, they have less than desirable aroma and appearance.
    [005] In general, all of these beds work for their intended functionality, for example, administering the animal's urine and feces. In addition, beds may in some circumstances be used for other purposes, for example, absorbing environmental contaminants and treating wastewater. However,
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    3/21 as stated, these beds often do not have desirable organoleptic properties after use, for example, a visual appearance and attractive aroma. Therefore, there is a need for new compositions useful for animal beds that have increased organoleptic properties after the composition has been used. Summary of the Invention [006] It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide compositions suitable for use as animal beds having increased organoleptic properties after use.
    [007] It is another object of the invention to provide compositions suitable for use as animal beds having increased agglomeration properties.
    [008] It is another object of the invention to provide compositions suitable for use as animal beds having a more desirable appearance after use.
    [009] It is another objective of the invention to provide compositions suitable for use as animal beds having a more desirable aroma after use.
    [0010] These and other objectives are achieved using compositions suitable for use as animal beds comprising a first component having a density less than that of a liquid and a second component having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component. When a liquid is added to the composition, the two components separate. The first less dense component floats towards the top of the liquid's surface and the second denser component absorbs the liquid at a higher rate than the first component and remains below the liquid surface under the second component. This results in a composition with a more desirable aroma and appearance due to the first component and a group
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    4/21 firm and strong due to the second component. The first component is selected based on its density and its desirable aroma and appearance; the second component is selected based on its density and its absorption and agglomeration properties.
    [0011] Other objectives and additional objectives, characteristics and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
    Detailed Description of the Invention
    Definitions [0012] The term liquid means water or water with dissolved solids or compounds comprising less than 5% by weight of the liquid. Examples of a liquid with dissolved solids or compounds are urine and wastewater such as wastewater from treated sewage. In general, the density of a liquid ranges from about 1 g / cm 3 (62.5 lb / ft 3 ) to about 1.035 g / cm 3 (64.6 lb / ft 3 ). Any material with a lower density than the liquid, and does not absorb the liquid quickly, will float in the liquid.
    The invention [0013] In one aspect, the invention provides a composition suitable for use as an animal bed. The composition comprises a first component having a density less than that of a liquid and a second component having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the density of the first component. The invention is based on the disclosure that adding a liquid such as urine to a composition having two (or more) components with significant differences in density, one of which is less than the density of the liquid, will result in the component having the density lower that floats towards the top of the liquid while the component with the highest density separates below the component with the highest density
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    5/21 low. When the component with the lowest density is chosen from materials that have one or more desirable properties (for example, a pleasant aroma or a pleasant appearance), said component separates towards the top of the composition when liquid is added to the composition, for example, when an animal urinates in the composition. The component with the highest density, preferably the one that absorbs the liquid at a higher rate and in a greater amount than the component with the lowest density, absorbs most of the liquid and separates towards the bottom of the composition. As a result, all or most of the liquid is partially covered by the component with the lowest density. This means that the liquid with the unpleasant organoleptic properties is concentrated in the component with the highest density and is covered by the component with the lowest density, that is, the component with the pleasant organoleptic properties. Consider, for example, a bed with cedar wood as the least dense component and corn cob cob as the most dense component. When urine is added to the composition, the cedar will float towards the top of the composition and the corn cob will absorb most of the urine and separate towards the bottom of the composition under the cedar. Individuals who deal with the bed experience the pleasant appearance and aroma of cedar while avoiding most of the malodor and urine appearance.
    [0014] The first component is any suitable material having a density lower than that of the liquid added to the composition. In some embodiments, the first component is wood such as cedar, pine, oak, wild oak, eucalyptus, alpine poplar, yucca, or combinations thereof. In preferred embodiments, the first component is cedar or pine, more preferably cedar. In several embodiments, the pine is
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    New Zealand Pine or Southern Yellow Pine and the cedar is Western red cedar. In preferred embodiments, the wood contains oils and / or resins that exhibit antimicrobial properties when used, for example, cedar and pine.
    [0015] In other embodiments, the first component is a grain such as alfalfa, corn stalk, corn flour, oat husk, oat stalk, oat flour, barley husk, barley flour, barley stem, flour barley, wheat husk, wheat straw, wheat flour, soy husk, soy flour, soy flour, rye husk, coarse rye flour, rye straw, rye flour, rice straw, rice husk rice, sorghum straw, sorghum husk, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the first component is a plant such as bamboo, lemongrass, switchgrass, catnip, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, thyme, valerian root, alyssum, chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, hops, lavender, apples, sage, orange peels, orange pulp, sunflower peels, coffee, tea, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the first component is sawdust, paper, cellulose, or combinations thereof. In general, the first component has properties that make it desirable to have the first component in a position where it interacts with an animal using the composition. For example, the first component can be visually pleasing or have a pleasant aroma. In preferred embodiments, the first component has a pleasant visual appearance and / or releases a natural aroma when it comes in contact with one or more liquids.
    [0016] The composition comprises the first component in any quantity necessary to make the composition useful for its intended purpose. In general, the first component comprises from about 2.5 to about 40% of the composition, preferably from about 5 to about 30%, more preferably from about 7.5 to about
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    20%.
    [0017] The second component comprises one or more materials having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component. In preferred embodiments, the second component has a density of at least 10 lb / ft 3 (160.2 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component. In other embodiments, the second component has a density of at least 15 lb / ft 3 (240.3 mg / cm 3 ) or more than the first component.
    [0018] In preferred embodiments, the second component absorbs all or most of the liquid added to the composition. In more preferred embodiments, the second component absorbs more liquid than the first component. In other embodiments, the second component absorbs liquid at a higher rate than the first component. In preferred embodiments, the second component absorbs more liquid than the first component and absorbs liquid at a higher rate than the first component. Preferably, the second component forms lumps comprising the second component and the liquid (and possibly part of the first component) when liquid is added to the composition.
    [0019] Any suitable material having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component can be used as the second component. In some embodiments, the second component is a grain or a grain-derived material such as corn cob, corn seed, dry distiller grain (DDG), corn pellet, oat pellet, barley pellet, bran wheat, soy pellet, rye pellet, rice grain, rice pellet, sorghum grain, sorghum pellet, or combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the second component is corncob cob. In another, the second component is DDG or bran
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    8/21 of wheat. In some embodiments, other materials can be used as the second component, such as sunflower seed, almond, pistachio, walnut, pecan, hazelnut, peanut, oak nut, eggshells, silica gel, clay, sodium bentonite, or combinations thereof.
    [0020] The composition comprises the second component in any amount necessary to make the composition useful for its intended purpose. In general, the second component comprises from about 60 to about 97.5% of the composition, preferably from about 70 to about 95%, more preferably from about 80 to about 92.5%.
    [0021] The particle size of the first and second components is any particle useful to form the composition based on its intended use. In preferred embodiments, the first component and the second component have a particle size of about 0.75 to about 3 mm, preferably from about 1 to about 2 mm, more preferably from about 1.25 to about 1.75 mm. In a preferred embodiment, at least 80% of the particles are within about 0.6 to about 2 mm, preferably 85%, more preferably 90%.
    [0022] In certain embodiments, the first component is one or more woods, preferably cedar or a mixture of cedar and pine, and the second component is a grain or a derived grain, preferably corncob cob. The wood has an attractive appearance and naturally releases an aroma when a liquid is added. The grain has excellent liquid-absorbing properties and will absorb most of the added liquid. In general, the less dense wood will separate towards the top of the mixture when liquid is added and the grain will absorb most of the liquid and form a lump that separates below the wood. The wood on top of the mix
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    9/21 will present a more desirable appearance and release a desirable aroma due to the oils and resin from the wood. Wood also covers lump and urine to decrease user interaction with urine and its malodor.
    [0023] In a preferred embodiment, the composition is used and an animal bed. The first component is cedar and the second component is corn cob. When an animal urinates in bed, the cedar separates towards the top of the composition because of its lower density, it tends to float the urine. Similarly, the cob cob separates towards the bottom of the composition because of its higher density, and furthermore, since the cob cob absorbs a relatively large portion of urine when compared to cedar . Cedar has a user interface and, since cedar has an attractive aroma and appearance, it makes the bed more attractive to the user than most beds. The corn cob cob, having absorbed most of the urine, is at least partially hidden from the user because it is at least partially covered by the cedar. This setting reduces the malodor or perception of the urine malodor in relation to the user. In preferred embodiments, the composition comprises a binder that promotes lump formation in which the corncob cob and wood particles form lumps that can be easily removed from the bed. In another embodiment, the binder is guar gum.
    [0024] In general, the liquid is added to the composition in any amount that does not interfere with the separation of the first component and the second component. In preferred embodiments, the liquid is added to the composition in amounts of about 1 to about 30% by weight of the composition.
    [0025] In one embodiment, the second component has a
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    10/21 density greater than 5lb / ft 3 (80 mg / cm 3 ) that of the density of the first component after the components are wetted by a liquid. During the wetting process the first and second components will separate vertically, that is, the less dense component will separate on top of the more dense component.
    [0026] In another embodiment, the second component has a density greater than 10lb / ft 3 (160 mg / cm 3 ) the density of the first component when the components are dry. Then, during and after the wetting process when a liquid is added to the composition, the components will separate vertically.
    [0027] In other embodiments, the composition of the invention additionally comprises one or more binders that promote lump formation, particularly by the second component. Any binder that promotes lump formation can be used. Binders useful in the invention include gums, starches, pectins, agar agar, gelatin, alginates, carrageenans, or proteins. Specific examples include locust bean gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, cassia gum, gelatin, wheat gluten, blood plasma, soy protein, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), or dairy proteins. In a preferred embodiment, the binder is guar gum. When added, the binders comprise from about 0.5 to about 10% of the composition, preferably from about 1 to about 6%.
    [0028] In some embodiments, the composition additionally comprises materials that enhance the function and properties of the composition. Examples of such agents include antimicrobials, malodor-reducing materials, fragrances, health-indicating materials, color-changing agents, dust-reducing agents, superabsorbent materials, cyclodextrins, zeolites, activated carbon, sodium bicarbonate, altering agents pH, salt-forming materials, ricinoleates, or combinations thereof. When
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    11/21 added, the agent is added in any useful amount. In general, the agent comprises from about 0.01 to about 2% of the composition, preferably from about 0.05 to about 1%, depending on the agent and its use.
    [0029] The compositions of the invention are useful for a variety of purposes. For example, the compositions can be used to treat water, waste water, spills, and the like. Preferably, the compositions are used as an animal bed. [0030] In another aspect, the invention provides methods for the administration of waste, particularly animal waste such as urine. The methods comprise contacting the animal waste with a composition comprising a first component having a density lower than that of liquid and a second component having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component. In general, the composition, that is, litter, is placed in a bed-type box or other suitable container and the animal is allowed to deposit its residue (urine or faeces, but preferably urine) so that it comes into contact with the composition . If desired, the composition can be placed in contact with the waste after the waste is deposited, for example, on a lawn.
    [0031] In another aspect, the invention provides an animal bed box comprising a device suitable for containing animal bed and suitable for use by an animal when excreting animal waste and one or more compositions of the invention. The device is any device suitable for use by an animal and compatible with an animal bed of the invention. Many such devices are known in the art and commercially available, for example, bed type boxes disclosed in US 20090250014A1, US 20090272327A1, US 20090000560A1, US 20070277740A1, US 7628118, and the like.
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    [0032] In another aspect, the invention provides kits suitable for containing compositions useful for the administration of animal waste. The kits comprise in separate containers in a single package or in separate containers in a virtual package, where appropriate for the kit component, a composition of the invention and one or more of (1) a device suitable for containing the composition and suitable for the use by an animal when excreting animal waste, for example, a litter box; (2) a device suitable for handling animal waste that has been deposited with the composition, for example, a spoon for removing animal feces from a bed (for example, US 7523973) or a rake suitable for arranging an animal bed in a bed-type box or other container; (3) a different animal bed, for example, a different animal bed suitable for creating a mixture of the inventive bed and such a different animal bed; (4) instruction on how to use the bed to manage animal waste; and (5) instructions on how to dispose of the composition, for example, how to dispose of the bed in an environmentally friendly manner, particularly after it has been used.
    [0033] When the kit comprises virtual packaging, the kit is limited to instructions in a virtual environment in combination with one or more components of physical kits. Kits can contain kit components in any of several combinations and / or mixtures. In another embodiment, the kit contains a package containing the composition of the present invention and a suitable spoon for removing animal waste from the composition.
    [0034] In another aspect, the invention provides packaging comprising material suitable for containing a composition of the invention and a label affixed to the packaging containing a word or words, figure, design, acronym, slogan, phrase, or other device,
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    13/21 or combination thereof, which indicates that the contents of the package contain a composition of the invention, for example, information about the increased agglomeration properties of the composition, more desirable appearance, and effective malodor control or other physical, functional or related. Typically, such a device comprises the words all natural bed or natural ingredients or environmentally friendly bed or animal bed having increased agglomeration properties or strong agglomeration or animal bed having effective odor control or effective odor control or animal bed having an aroma nice or an equivalent press expression on the packaging. Any packaging or packaging material suitable for containing animal beds is useful in the invention, for example, a bag, box, bottle, can, pouch, and the like made from paper, plastic, sheet, metal, and the like. In another embodiment, the package additionally comprises a composition of the invention. [0035] In another aspect, the invention provides a means for communicating information about or instructions for the use of a composition of the invention for one or more of (1) waste management, for example, animal waste such as urine and animal feces; (2) improving the organoleptic properties of the bed, particularly after use; and (3) disposition of the composition used. The medium comprises a document, digital storage medium, optical storage medium, audio presentation, visual display containing the information or instructions. In certain embodiments, the medium of communication is a displayed website, a visual display kiosk, a brochure, a product label, a packaging insert, an advertisement, a leaflet, a public advertisement, an audiotape, a videotape, a DVD , a CD-ROM, a readable computer chip, a readable computer card, a readable computer disk, a
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    14/21 USB device, FireWire device, computer memory, and any combination thereof. Useful information includes one or more of (1) methods and techniques for training or adapting an animal to use the bed; (2) functional or other properties of an animal bed of the invention, particularly those that relate to the increased agglomeration properties and effective malodor control; and (3) contact information for use by a consumer or others if there was a question about the bed and its use. Useful instructions include methods for cleaning and arranging the bed. The means of communication is useful for the instruction or benefits of using the present invention and communicating approved methods for the use of the invention to an animal.
    [0036] In another aspect, the invention provides methods for improving the organoleptic properties of animal waste. The methods comprise contacting the animal waste with a composition comprising a first component having a density less than that of a liquid and a second component having a density of at least 5 lb / ft 3 (80.1 mg / cm 3 ) greater than the first component. In general, the bed is placed in a bed-type box or other suitable container and the animal is allowed to deposit its waste so that it comes in contact with the bed. On contact, the first component, which has properties pleasing to the senses as described here, separates towards the top of the bed. The animal waste is absorbed by the second component and separates towards the bottom of the bed. As a result, the unpleasant organoleptic properties of the animal waste are overwhelmed and over all organoleptic properties of the animal waste are improved or increased. In another embodiment, the animal waste is urine. Enhanced or enhanced properties include sight, odor, and touch, preferably sight and odor,
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    15/21 more preferably odor. In a preferred embodiment, the bed comprises cedar and corn cob. When urine came into contact with the bed, the cedar separates towards the top of the bed and the corn cob cob absorbs most of the urine and separates towards the bottom of the bed. Cedar has pleasant organoleptic properties, for example, it has a pleasant appearance and aroma. The user of the bed, for example, an animal caregiver, interacts more with the first more pleasant component and less with the second less pleasant component.
    EXAMPLES [0037] The invention may be further illustrated by the following examples, although it is understood that they are included for the purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless otherwise specifically indicated.
    Example 1 [0038] A bed load comprising the composition shown in table 1 (Formulai) was made as follows. 10 parts of cedar wood and 85.5 parts of corncob cobs were poured into a pot agglomerator (DP-14 Agglo-miser by Mars Mineral, Pennsylvania). While the mixture was combined at a rate of about 60 rpm, 1 part of water was sprayed as a mist over the mixture, followed by the addition of 3.5 parts of guar gum with continued mixing for five minutes ensuring a homogeneous combination.
    Table 1
    Bed formulas
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    Materials Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3 Cedar wood 1 10 20 40 Corn cob cob 2 85.5 75.5 55.5 Water 3 1 1 1 Guar gum 4 3.5 3.5 3.5 Total 100 100 100 [0039] Scepter wood particles have a size in the middle of
    1.5 mm particle and a density of 0.13 g / cc. They are sieved from wood particles of western red cedar. At least 90% by weight of the wood particles are within the 10 to 30 US mesh size.
    [0040] Corn cob cob particles have an average particle size of 1.5 mm and a density of 0.47 g / cc. They are sieved from corn cob cob granules. At least 90% by weight of the corn cob cob particles are within US 10 and 40 mesh size.
    [0041] Deionized water was used in this experiment. Another water with neutral pH is adjusted for your application.
    [0042] Guar gum is a white powder with an average particle size of about 50 microns.
    Example 2 [0043] A second bed load of the composition shown in Table 1 (Formula 2) was made as described in Example 1.
    Example 3 [0044] A third bed load of the composition shown in Table 1 (Formula 3) was made as described in Example 1.
    Example 4 [0045] The density of each bed load of Examples 1, 2, and 3 was then determined. A funnel-shaped hopper was set at a fixed height of 6 inches (15.24 cm) above a 500 cm 3 cylinder. The hopper was then loaded with the bed of Example 1
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    17/21 while its spout was closed. The hopper spout was opened and the bed flowed into the cylinder until it overflowed. Using a flat edge ruler, excess bedding over the cylinder rim was removed. The weight of the bed was taken as the difference between the weight of the cylinder plus bed and that of the cylinder in grams (g). This weight was divided by 500 (cylinder volume) and the density expressed as g / cm 3 . Density determinations were repeated for bed 2 and 3. Results for the three beds are shown in the table
    2. It is seen that when the level of cedar wood increased, the density decreased.
    Table 2
    Bed formula density
    Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Density (g / cm 3 ) 0.41 0.35 0.25
    Example 5 [0046] The consistency of the lumps formed when the beds were wetted was determined by the following procedure. For this experiment, 2% saline at room temperature was used to ensure consistency in physical and chemical properties. The bed was poured into a 12 x 18 inch (30.48 cm x 45.72 cm) rectangular bed pan. After shaking and leveling the beds, granules of various sizes are distributed in the pan in a random manner. The depth was at least 3 inches to ensure lumps do not contact the bottom of the container. To test the impact of the liquid addition method, the bed was wetted with a stream of liquid to encourage cats to urinate and disturb the bed particles (A); and was separately sprayed with liquid droplets to avoid disturbing the particles (B).
    [0047] For lumps that incorporate natural separation of
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    18/21 light (wood) and heavy (corn cob cob) particles, a self-leveling 10 ml burette on a support stand was mounted at a height of 5 cm above the surface of the animal bed. The liquid (2% saline) was distributed over the bed material. 5 more lumps were made in the same way. This was done with bedding for each of examples 1, 2, and 3.
    [0048] To prepare lumps that have no natural separation of light (wood) and heavy particles (corn cob), we gradually spray 10 ml of liquid 5 cm above the surface of the bed to produce lumps of similar shape and size . No combination of water was observed. This ensured wood granules and corn cob cobs did not separate due to their difference in density.
    [0049] After 24 hours, the lumps were tested by a Texture analyzer (Model XT-Plus by Texture Technologies, New York). The flat surface of the lump was rested on two horizontal bars (TA-92A: self-supporting three-point folding / breaking frame) with a 50 mm gap in the middle. A third bar was moved up and down at 1 mm / s to bend and break the clot. The force / distance data was recorded by the computer. For clarity, we only use the maximum strength before breaking to describe the consistency of each lump. The average values of 5 lumps are compared between formulas. The maximum breaking force values for each formula were averaged and tabulated and shown in Table 3.
    Table 3
    Lump consistency
    Maximum breaking force (kg) Example 1 Separate 0.268 not separated 0.107
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    Example 2 Separate 0.211 not separated 0.094 Example 3 Separate 0.256 not separated 0.079 [0050] From the results in Table 3 is seen that the lumps that
    have heavy particles (corn cob) and light (wood) separated are more resistant to breakage.
    Example 6 [0051] Experimental procedure for lump appearance: For visual appearance (appeal due to the predominance of wood particles), the 6 lumps were prepared in the same way as those for the lump consistency test (example 5). 6 lumps were made for each formula. Saline solution (2%) was used to evaluate lump appearance. Similarly, for lumps without separation, liquid was sprayed. Sensory tests were conducted at 1 hour and 24 hours after the lumps were prepared. 6 panelists were asked to rate the appearance of the lump between a rating of 1 to 5 (1 being the best) and results shown in table 4. Clearly, appearance due to the concentration of the wood particles that floated towards the top had best ratings after 1 and 24 hours.
    Table 4
    Lump appearance
    Example 1 Example 2 Example 3Separate Not separate Separate Not separate Separate Not separate After 24 hours appearance 2.0 3.2 1.8 3.2 1.8 3.0 After 1 hour appearance 2.4 3.4 2.0 3.0 2.4 3.0
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    Example 7 [0052] For aroma evaluation, cat urine was used. Cat urine was collected from the cattery, frozen, and then thawed to room temperature before the experiment. The bed was introduced into a cylindrical container of 8 cm in diameter and 10 cm in height to a height of about 7 cm. One group was made by distributing cat urine from 5 cm above the bed surface as with liquid in example 5. For lump without natural separation, cat urine was sprayed on the bed surface as with liquid in example 5. Sensory tests were conducted at 1 hour and 24 hours after the lumps were prepared. 6 panelists were asked to rate the lump aroma between a rating of 1 to 5 (1 being the best) and results shown in table 5. Clearly, aroma ratings were better after 1 and 24 hours when wood particles floated towards the top.
    Table 5
    Lump aroma
    Example 1 Example 2 Example 3Separate Not separate Separate Not separate Separate Not separate After 24 hours - aroma 2.0 3.0 1.6 2.4 1.0 2.2 After 1 hour - aroma 1.6 3.2 1.4 3.0 1.4 3.0 [0053] No re preferred embodiments were disclosed the typical
    of the invention and, although specific terms are used, they are used only in a genetic and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes. Obviously, many modifications and variations of the invention are possible taking into account the above teachings. It should therefore be understood that the invention can be practiced
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    21/21 otherwise than as specifically described.
    [0054] As used here and in the appended claims, the singular forms one, one, the a include plural reference unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms understand, understand, and understand must be interpreted inclusive rather than exclusively.
    [0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms and any acronyms used here have the same meanings as commonly understood by one commonly versed in the art in the field of this invention. Although any compositions, methods, and means for communicating information similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used to practice this invention, the preferred compositions, methods, and means for communicating information are described here.
    [0056] All references cited above are incorporated by reference to the extent permitted by law. It is intended that the discussion of those references merely summarizes the statements made by their authors. No admission is made that any reference (or a portion of any reference) is relevant to the prior art. Applicants reserve the right to challenge the prescription and pertinence of any reference cited.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    1. Animal bedding composition, characterized by the fact that it comprises a first component having a density less than 1 g / cm 3 (62.5 lb / ft 3 ), in which the first component is cedar, pine, or a combination thereof, and a second component having a density of at least 80 mg / cm 3 (5 lb / ft 3 ) greater than the density of the first component, wherein the second component is a corn cob cob and is capable of to absorb liquid.
    [2]
    2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first component comprises of
    2.5 to 40% of the composition, preferably 5 to 30% of the composition, more preferably where the first component comprises
    7.5 to 20% of the composition.
    [3]
    Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the second component has a density of at least 160 mg / cm 3 (10 lb / ft 3 ) greater than the first component, preferably in which the second component has a density of at least 240 mg / cm 3 (15 lb / ft 3 ) greater than the first component.
    [4]
    4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the second component absorbs more liquid than the first component, or that the second component absorbs liquid at a higher rate than the first component, or that the second component component absorbs more liquid than the first component and absorbs liquid at a higher rate than the first component.
    [5]
    5. Composition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second component forms lumps when liquid is added to the composition.
    Petition 870180160799, of 12/10/2018, p. 31/38
    2/3
    [6]
    Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the second component comprises from 60 to 97.5% of the composition, preferably in which the second component comprises from 70 to 95% of the composition, more preferably in which the second component comprises 80 to 92.5% of the composition.
    [7]
    Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the first component and the second component have a particle size of 0.75 to 3 mm, preferably wherein the first component and the second component have a particle size from 1 to 2 mm, and more preferably, where the first component and the second component have a particle size of 1.25 to 1.75 mm.
    [8]
    8. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 80% of the first and second components have a particle size of 0.6 to 2 mm, preferably at least 85% of the first and second components have a size particle size of 0.6 to 2 mm, and more preferably where at least 80% of the first and second components have a particle size of 0.6 to 2 mm.
    [9]
    Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition comprises at least one binder, preferably in which the binders are gums, starches, pectins, agar, gelatin, alginates, carrageenans, proteins, or a combination thereof , or where the binders are locust bean gum, xanthan gum, arabic gum, cassia gum, gelatin, wheat gluten, blood plasma, soy protein, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), dairy proteins, or a combination thereof, preferably where the binder is guar gum.
    [10]
    10. Composition according to claim 9,
    Petition 870180160799, of 12/10/2018, p. 32/38
    3/3 characterized by the fact that the first component is cedar, the second component is corn cob, and the binder is guar gum.
    [11]
    11. Composition according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the composition also comprises at least one material that increases the function and properties of the composition, in which this material is selected from antimicrobials, malodor reduction materials, fragrances, materials health indication, color-changing agents, dust-reducing agents, superabsorbent materials, cyclodextrins, zeolites, activated carbon, sodium bicarbonate, pH-changing agents, salt-forming materials, ricinoleates, or combinations thereof.
    [12]
    12. Method for administering waste, characterized by the fact that it comprises contacting the waste with a composition, as defined in claim 1, in which the waste is preferably an animal waste, or in which the waste is urine.
    [13]
    13. Animal litter box, characterized by the fact that it comprises (1) a device suitable for containing animal litter and suitable for use by an animal when excreting animal waste and (2) at least one composition as defined in any of claims 1 to 11.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US8881681B2|2014-11-11|
    RU2014133522A|2016-03-10|
    EP2804472A4|2015-03-04|
    BR112014017350A8|2017-07-04|
    EP2804472A1|2014-11-26|
    MX2014008646A|2015-02-12|
    CA2861334A1|2013-07-25|
    JP2015507480A|2015-03-12|
    MX356264B|2018-05-21|
    ES2664647T3|2018-04-20|
    AU2012366230A1|2014-07-31|
    IN2014DN05872A|2015-05-22|
    JP6151715B2|2017-06-21|
    CN104168763B|2018-04-03|
    AU2012366230B2|2016-12-01|
    US20140224181A1|2014-08-14|
    CN104168763A|2014-11-26|
    US20130180459A1|2013-07-18|
    EP2804472B1|2018-02-21|
    US8739735B2|2014-06-03|
    CA2861334C|2020-02-25|
    ZA201406026B|2016-05-25|
    BR112014017350A2|2017-06-13|
    WO2013109303A1|2013-07-25|
    RU2603904C2|2016-12-10|
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-03| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2018-09-11| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion)|
    2019-01-29| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2019-02-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/06/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2019-10-15| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: SOCIETE DES PRODUITS NESTLE S.A. (CH) |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261586896P| true| 2012-01-16|2012-01-16|
    US61/586,896|2012-01-16|
    PCT/US2012/041461|WO2013109303A1|2012-01-16|2012-06-08|Compositions useful as animal litters|
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