ABSORBENT ARTICLE INCLUDING SUPERABSORBENT WIRE

专利摘要:
absorbent article including super absorbent yarn. The present invention describes and claims an absorbent article that utilizes an absorbent portion that includes strands of superabsorbent material as part of the absorbent portion, such that liquid is absorbed in the perimeter or selected regions of the absorbent portion, or the perimeter of the absorbent article. itself, taking full advantage of either the depth, width, length or combination of dimensions of the absorbent portion, or absorbent article. the strand of superabsorbent material may be of one or more of several types, including encapsulated strands, multi-layer encapsulated strands, coated strands and strip-shaped strands, provided such strands include at least two components, these being a superabsorbent polymer. and a second material that promotes the distribution of liquid along the length of the wire. in alternative forms of the invention, such an absorbent article, utilizing the superabsorbent yarn, provides passive visual signals to the consumer of saturation levels of the article prior to casting.
公开号:BR112014014875B1
申请号:R112014014875-9
申请日:2012-12-18
公开日:2021-06-22
发明作者:YeinSze Ong；Franz Aschenbrenner；DooHong Kim；Meijia Ng
申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

PRIORITY
[001] This non-provisional application claims priority from Provisional Patent Application No. 61/577403, filed December 19, 2011. The entirety of Application No. 61/577403 is incorporated herein by reference. AREA OF INVENTION
[002] The present invention is generally directed to absorbent personal care articles. In particular, the present invention is directed to absorbent portions of personal care articles which aid in absorbing fluid across various dimensions of the articles. HISTORY OF THE INVENTION
[003] The present invention is directed to absorbent articles and, in particular, absorbent personal care articles used to collect and retain bodily fluids, liquids or exudates, including, but not limited to, urine, feces, menstrual flow, and discharged fluids by wounds such as blood or pus. In the context of such products, comfort and absorption are two main attributes and areas of interest to the user. This is particularly true with child care, adult care and feminine hygiene products such as diapers, incontinence items, feminine pads, linings and tampons. Less with wound care items, paper towels and handkerchiefs, but similar needs exist for bandage materials.
[004] In the personal care area, much of the absorbent capacity of absorbent articles has often been free of dirt at the time of product disposal, thus depriving consumers of the full value of these products. Such inefficient use of a product is often visually apparent to a user when the fluid smear occurs in only a limited area on the product. Such inefficient use of a product can lead to consumer frustration, as a consumer may deduce that the product failed to capture much of the waste, led to a leak, or at the very least, did not provide sufficient benefit to justify the expense. Therefore, in the personal care area, numerous absorbent structures have been developed to efficiently utilize larger areas of the absorbent portion of articles. For example, absorbent multilayer structures have been employed in articles (one layer stacked on another) to aid liquid transfer or liquid distribution to larger areas of absorbent layers placed beneath a liquid inlet layer. However, in such layers, if structures with inadequately matched capillary characteristics or incorrectly placed superabsorbents are used, the liquid may have a tendency to be blocked from movement in one or more directions, such as by blocking the gel (in superabsorbent sheets ) or misaligned capillary action, within the density gradient, in layered structures. If such absorbent materials are not used efficiently, large areas of the absorbent article are devoid of waste in the article's disposal time, thus failing to take advantage of the article's full potential absorbent capacity.
[005] Despite several models in the absorption technique, there is still a need for an absorbent article/product that when used, takes full advantage of an absorbent structure to reduce leakage, and that is relatively thin and flexible for ease of use in clothing consumer intimates. Such a thin and flexible product also provides relative discretion, an attribute that is also desired by consumers.
[006] Even when the absorbent cores of the article are functioning, these cores have a propensity to leak at certain places on a product (depending on the type of product and the habits of the user). This leak can cause frustrating and embarrassing stains on a wearer's underwear or even outerwear. Although several systems have been developed to signal a user of an impending leak or saturation of an absorbent article, these signals are generally transmitted through physical or chemical communications, such as temperature change, odor change, print change after saturation product or alternatively embossed marker features. In such “signal” products, additional expensive chemicals are needed to convey the message to the user, or alternatively the user may have to remove the product, or pull the product out to see the signal. Therefore, it is desirable that “signaling” products are designed in such a way that a user can casually observe without the use of additional chemistry (such as traditional “moisture indicator” technology), or removal of the product or special movements , to see a sign of impending leakage. There is also a need for feminine hygiene items, which allow a consumer the ability to see if such products are working throughout their life cycle, so as to provide a sense of security and emotional comfort to the consumer.
[007] Braided yarn materials have been used in personal care articles, and are known to include superabsorbent polymers. However, the use of such braided materials has been limited to specific projection structures to capture moisture from crevices associated with a wearer's body. Such braided structures can, for example, be seen in Patent Application US20090312729 to Roche del Ayala and are positioned outside the main body of an absorbent personal care article.
[008] Absorbent yarn materials have been described for use in personal care articles, in conjunction with traditional absorbent layers for fluid retention. Such materials can, for example, be found in patent US20030088229 to Baker. However, that reference does not describe the use of superabsorbent yarns as the sole basis of absorbent cores/portions of the absorbent cores. Furthermore, this reference relies on spatial channels between the strands to move the liquid to the periphery of the absorbent core structure.
[009] Superabsorbent material containing spun filaments (as opposed to strands), in which the superabsorbent material is encapsulated by a fluid permeable material, has been taught and suggested for use in personal care products. An example was disclosed in patent US20050130540 to Crane. Although such filaments have been suggested for use in absorbent cores of personal care products, the use of such filaments has been described in sheet-like layers, which utilize large amounts of material in a non-objective/inefficient way. Transporting such absorbent sheets is often complicated. Absorbent sheets can also be stiff and therefore add stiffness to the absorbent product. Such use can be wasteful and expensive, and can impact a product's volume, flexibility, and breathability, physical attributes that are of particular sensitivity to women using feminine hygiene products. In this regard, see also the US Patent. No. 6,458,456 to Zainiev and US20090054860 to Young et al.
[010] It would be desirable to develop an absorbent article or an absorbent portion of an absorbent article that is flexible in use, that makes efficient use of the peripheral area of the absorbent zone and that provides a signal or communication to the consumer about usage or saturation level . In some absorbent articles it would be desirable to control the flow of absorbed fluids to certain areas of the absorbent article, such as away from the transverse direction of an article, but in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article. It is also desirable to have an absorbent article that can block or slow the flow of fluid in areas of high risk of leakage, such as in the side or flap regions of child care and feminine care products absorbent/sanitary napkins. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[011] Objectives and advantages of the invention are presented below, in the following description, or can be learned by practicing the invention. In one embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article has a longitudinal and transverse direction, and includes a fluid-permeable topsheet, a fluid-impermeable backsheet, an absorbent portion positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet, characterized in that the portion absorbent include at least superabsorbent strands and fluid permeable components. Fluid permeable components are for any distribution of fluid along the length of the wire, alternatively to retain the fluid, or to perform both functions.
[012] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article comprises an absorbent portion that includes exclusively superabsorbent strands. In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article comprises an absorbent portion that includes exclusively superabsorbent strands and a carrier layer. In yet another embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article includes an absorbent portion having the absorbent yarn that is selected from superabsorbent encapsulated yarns, multi-layer encapsulated superabsorbent yarns, coated superabsorbent yarns, superabsorbent yarns made from fiber-containing superabsorbent yarns or filaments, and the superabsorbent strands formed by strip. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article comprises an absorbent portion having a superabsorbent yarn which is a multi-layer encapsulated superabsorbent yarn. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, an absorbent article comprises an absorbent portion having a multi-layer encapsulated superabsorbent yarn which includes a topsheet and at least two other layers. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, the absorbent article includes an absorbent portion with superabsorbent strands and an additional absorbent layer. In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, the absorbent article with superabsorbent yarns includes a shaping layer. In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, the absorbent article having superabsorbent yarns in the absorbent portion includes an additional layer between the topsheet and an absorbent portion.
[013] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, an additional layer between the absorbent portion containing superabsorbent threads and the topsheet defines one or more openings through which the superabsorbent threads are visible through the topsheet. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, the topsheet is transparent to allow visualization of the superabsorbent yarn through the topsheet. In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, the absorbent article containing the superabsorbent yarn is either a feminine hygiene article, an adult incontinence article, an article for babies or children, a bandage or a cleaning towel. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent yarn, the superabsorbent yarn is disposed in a superabsorbent portion such as strands of superabsorbent yarns. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent yarn, the superabsorbent yarn is disposed in a portion. superabsorbent like a matrix. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent strands, the superabsorbent strand is disposed along the peripheral edges of the article. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent strands, the strand of superabsorbent material is disposed adjacent to the other strands of strands. In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, the superabsorbent yarn is arranged such that an absorbent portion includes different densities of superabsorbent filament yarns per unit area across the absorbent portion. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent yarn, the superabsorbent yarn is disposed over the article at a location separate from said absorbent portion. In another alternative embodiment of the invention, in the absorbent article containing superabsorbent yarn, the superabsorbent yarn is cut into several pieces along at least one direction of said article.
[014] In another embodiment of the present invention, an absorbent article having a longitudinal and transverse direction, and comprising an absorbent portion consisting essentially of superabsorbent yarn, including superabsorbent and fluid permeable components, with such fluid permeable components for distribution of fluid within the length of the wire or alternatively for retaining fluid. In yet another alternative configuration, such absorbent article includes encapsulated superabsorbent strands. In yet another alternative configuration, such superabsorbent yarn includes multi-layer encapsulated superabsorbent yarns having a layer that functions as a top layer. In yet another alternative configuration, the absorbent article essentially comprises the strand of superabsorbent material and any strand fastening components. Those skilled in the art will better recognize the characteristics and aspects of such configurations, among others, upon review of the specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[015] The full and enabling disclosure of the present invention is defined more particularly in the remainder of the specification, including reference to the accompanying figures in which:
[016] Figure 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention of Figure 1 taken along line X-X of Figure 1.
[018] Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view of a superabsorbent yarn that can be used in the present invention.
[019] Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of a different superabsorbent yarn, which can be used in the present invention.
[020] Figure 3C is a cross-sectional view of another different superabsorbent yarn, which can be used in the present invention.
[021] Figure 3D is a cross-sectional view of another different superabsorbent yarn, which can be used in the present invention.
[022] Figure 4 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[023] Figure 5 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[024] Figure 6 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[025] Figure 7 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[026] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of Figure 7 taken along the lines Y'-Y'.
[027] Figure 9 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[028] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of Figure 9 taken along the lines Z-Z.
[029] Figure 11 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent.
[030] Figure 11A is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of Figure 11 taken along lines X'-X'.
[031] Figure 11B is a top view of an alternative configuration of the absorbent of Figure 1.
[032] Figure 11C is a top view of an alternative configuration of the absorbent of Figure 1.
[033] Figure 11D is a top view of an alternative configuration of the absorber of Figure 1.
[034] Figure 11E is a top view of an alternative configuration of the absorbent of Figure 1.
[035] Figure 11F is a top view of an alternative configuration of the absorbent of Figure 1.
[036] Figure 12 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention in the form of a sanitary napkin without flaps or liner.
[037] Figure 13A is an alternate cross-sectional view of Figure 12 taken along the line Y''-Y''.
[038] Figure 13B is an alternative configuration of the cross-sectional view of Figure 13A, without a backsheet 146.
[039] Figure 14 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention in the form of a feminine hygiene absorbent, with signal windows.
[040] Figure 15 is a side perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a plug.
[041] Figure 15A is a side perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a plug.
[042] Figure 15B is a side perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a plug.
[043] Figure 15C is a perspective view of an absorbent bandage band to be used in a tampon of the present invention, which is rolled, prior to compression.
[044] Figure 16 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[045] Figure 17 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[046] Figure 18 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[047] Figure 19 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[048] Figure 20 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[049] Figure 21 is a side perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[050] Figure 22 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a diaper.
[051] Figure 23 is a top perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the form of a bandage.
[052] Figure 24 is an alternative configuration of the placement of yarns in the absorbent articles of the invention.
[053] Figure 25 is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 24.
[054] Figure 26 is a top view of an absorbent cloth, according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED SETTINGS
[055] Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the invention, one or more examples that are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided for purposes of explaining the invention, and not as a limitation of the invention. Indeed, it will be apparent that modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one configuration can be used in another configuration to achieve yet another form. Thus, the present invention is intended to cover such modifications and variations as are within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
[056] For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms "superabsorbent polymer", "superabsorbent" or "SAP" will be used interchangeably and shall mean polymers that can absorb and retain large amounts of a liquid relative to its own mass. Water-absorbent polymers, which are classified as hydrogels when cross-linked, absorb aqueous solutions through hydrogen bonds with water molecules. The ability of an SAP to absorb water is a factor of the ionic concentration of the aqueous solution. SAPs are typically made by polymerizing acrylic acid mixed with sodium hydroxide in the presence of an initiator to form a sodium salt of polyacrylic acid (sometimes called polyacrylate sodium). Other materials are also used to make a superabsorbent polymer, such as a polyacrylamide copolymer, ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer, crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, crosslinked polyethylene oxide, and polyacrylonitrile starch graft copolymer. SAPs can be present in absorbent articles in particulate form or in fibrous form.
[057] For the purposes of the present disclosure, the term "strand formed yarn" means yarn formed from a continuous strand of loosely bonded filaments or fibers without a twist. The yarn itself has a twist, but the fiber doesn't. Filaments or strip fibers are delivered by carding, combing or spinning. The production of fiber from the yarn is the first step that takes fiber into a shape that can be spun and eventually spun into a spun yarn. These yarns can include at least strip filaments containing SAP materials and fiber filaments that do not contain SAP materials, but including fluid permeable materials or components that can aid in the distribution of liquid along the length of the yarn.
[058] For the purposes of this description, the term "coated superabsorbent yarn" means a fibrous or filamentous yarn that has been coated (by any process) along at least a portion of its externally facing surface with a superabsorbent polymer . The coating can be homogeneous, heterogeneous or partial. The uncoated portion of the wire includes fluid-permeable materials or components that can aid in fluid distribution along the length of the wire.
[059] For the purposes of the present disclosure, the term "yarn" means a continuous length of interwoven fibers or filaments (as opposed to individual filaments that are extruded in a continuous manner) suitable for use in the production of textiles or non-woven structures (intertwined or not), such as sewing, crochet, knitting, weaving, embroidery, rope, adhesive bonding, thermal or ultrasonic bonding. The term "yarn" includes spun-based yarns that can be made by twisting or binding fibers together to make a cohesive thread. The term strand may, for the purposes of this definition, include materials such as ribbon, and filament materials with various transverse shapes, such as round, oval, elliptical, square, rectangular and defined irregular shapes. The term thread does not describe a material in the form of a flat blade.
[060] Desirably, in one configuration, these yarns include fibers of about 0.05 and 6 inches. In another configuration, these yarns include between about 5 to 50 twists per inch. Desirably, in another configuration, such yarn has a decitex of about 200 and 12000. Matrices made of such yarn can be created by non-woven processes (thermal, adhesive or ultrasonic bonding), weaving, knitting, cables, carding, strip, or scrim-making methods.
[061] For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "superabsorbent yarn" means a yarn, as opposed to fiber or filament, that includes superabsorbent material directly associated with its structure, such that the superabsorbent material is applied or contained within the strand structure and strand, including at least other materials or components which are permeable to fluid and which aid in the retention, absorption or distribution of fluid along the length of the strand. The term "superabsorbent yarn" includes coated superabsorbent yarn, which is a yarn that has been coated with a homogeneous, heterogeneous or partial coating with a superabsorbent polymer, such as the yarns described in US Patent No. 5,264,251 to Geursen, 6,500,541 to Schoeck, Jr., and international references EP0784116 to Geursen and WO97/43480 to Phillips, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety; yarn formed from strands with superabsorbent particles, fibers or filaments contained therein, such as those described in EP 1198628 (US 6,576,338) to Meijer, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety; wires encapsulated with superabsorbent materials contained therein (either in a core made entirely of SAP, or in a core made of a combination of SAP and non-SAP materials) surrounded by a fluid permeable material, (such as Dref spun yarn) described in US20080096017 to Patrick and US20090176422 to Patrick, and which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety; multi-layer encapsulated yarns with at least three layers, which is the yarn having distinct components in multiple homogeneous layers in the Z direction of the yarn cross section, with each layer provided with different absorption capacities or liquid transfer/distribution functionality ; and yarns produced from spunbond filaments with internal SAP components, such as those described in US20050130540 to Crane, and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The superabsorbent strands contemplated in the present invention include superabsorbent particles or filaments such as superabsorbent components and non-SAP fibers or filaments, which are composed of structures/compositions that are permeable to fluid, and can retain the fluid within their structures ( as well as within the SAP particle and filament materials), or assist in the transfer or distribution of fluid along the strand length of other fibers or filaments, or SAP materials. These non-SAP yarn components can also help prevent the release of SAP materials to areas outside of absorbent articles that contain the superabsorbent yarn. The yarn may include other components to provide additional functionality to the absorbent article, such as stain masking pigments, scents for odor control, and chemical color changes for signal functionality.
[062] Superabsorbent materials that can be used in the superabsorbent yarn include, but are not limited to hydrophilic modified polyacrylate, grafted starch copolymers, or crosslinked methylcellulose. Mixing SAP materials either in a core of an encapsulated superabsorbent yarn or as part of a strip-shaped yarn can be achieved by mixing SAP with conventional fibers such as cotton, rayon, linen, jute, knaf, ramie, polyester, polyolefin (eg bicomponent materials), polyamide, acrylic, polyethylene, polylactic acid (PLA) and poly-trimethylene terephthalate (PTT) fibers and mixtures thereof. The encapsulating component of an encapsulated superabsorbent yarn can be manufactured, for example, from fibers/filaments of cotton, synthetic silk, linen, jute, knaf, ramie, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, acrylics, polyethylene, PLA, PTT and its mixtures.
[063] For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "strands of free superabsorbent strands" shall mean a strand of superabsorbent strands that is attached to another wireless surface or freely positioned on another wireless surface, without the strands being attached to another superabsorbent strand or contacted by another strand of superabsorbent strand that is oriented in the same or different direction.
[064] For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms "matrix" or "matrices" refer to more than one strand of superabsorbent strands that have been attached or bonded to another strand or that cross/contact another strand in one or more directions , as a grid-like structure, in which a series of strands in the transverse direction are defined by a series of strands in the longitudinal direction. Bonding can be accomplished using any number of bonding techniques, such as adhesive bonding, thermal bonding, ultrasonic bonding, needle bonding or stitch bonding.
[065] The strands of superabsorbent yarns freely placed side by side may include similar yarns (in size, denier or composition) or different yarns. Likewise, matrices made of superabsorbent yarns can be made of multi-denier fibers/filaments, multi-denier yarns, yarns of different dimensions or yarns of different compositions. In addition, the placement of wires in the dies can be controlled to incorporate wires in groups located in specific parts, fluid reservoirs at the wire ends, non-uniform wire crossings to control the lateral propagation of the fluid, a higher concentration of wires in the direction lengthwise of the article, rather than the transverse direction to use the most distant areas of absorbent portions, and not straight in the strands of yarn (such as sine (wave) or other zigzag configurations) to increase the SAP surface area of the wire in any area. The fibers or filaments of such yarns can be continuous or mono- or multi-filament. The yarns can be designed to achieve different attributes or functionalities, such as different attributes of dryness, inflow, distribution and retention, or incorporate other functionalities, such as, for example, stain masking, smoothness and odor control. The strand of superabsorbent yarns or yarn arrays can further be placed only in selected areas of one plane or absorbent portion, or within multiple planes within a product.
[066] The present invention relates generally to an absorbent article that includes an absorbent portion for the absorption and retention of bodily fluids or exudates. In many cases, the absorbent article will include multiple layers with a superabsorbent yarn in or between the layers and positioned substantially along one or more directions of the absorbent portion of the article, or substantially along one or more directions of the absorbent article itself. The superabsorbent yarn can be present in free strands or any fabric or within a matrix before being placed in an absorbent article, or alternatively it can be glued or otherwise bonded as a matrix or strands of free superabsorbent yarns in the article. The resulting open area of the absorbent portion of the article can be varied by changing the density of the superabsorbent strands per area of the absorbent portion unit. In addition, the superabsorbent yarn types themselves may vary in an absorbent article, depending on the area requirements of the product. In some embodiments, the absorbent portion of the article will be composed only of the superabsorbent yarn itself, for example, in strands or in sticky strands that have been cut and molded/adhered to themselves in the form of a traditional absorbent article. By using a yarn construction by itself as the portion of an absorbent article, without additional liquid-retaining components or layers, the level of breathability and flexibility of the absorbent article can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to direct exudates to specific regions of an article for efficient utilization of the entire absorbent portion of the article, with the use of the superabsorbent yarn.
[067] The attached Figure 1 illustrates a top plan view of an absorbent article 10 of the present invention, as a feminine absorbent having a conventional elongated shape with generally rounded ends; however, the absorbent article 10 can also be a sanitary napkin, tampon, diaper, training/transition diaper, adult incontinence garment, handkerchief, bandage, or any other disposable absorbent article known in the art, many of which are illustrated in the figures that appear later. In addition, the illustrated absorbent article 10 may have other shapes such as hourglass, bone, elliptical, triangular or rectangular shapes and varying thicknesses and dimensions depending on the desired application. The absorbent article 10 generally includes two end edges 12 and 14, two longitudinal side edges 16 and 18, and two optional side or flap extensions 20 that extend from longitudinal side edges 16 and 18. The flaps may be an integral part of the structure of the absorbent, i.e. extensions of the layers in the structure of the absorbent, or complementary elements. The article 10 includes a topsheet or cover layer 30, which faces the wearer's skin during use and which first receives exudates from the wearer's body, and a backsheet or baffle layer 32, which is normally positioned away from the wearer. the wearer's skin and often faces and contacts the wearer's underwear or outerwear. An absorbent portion/layer 35 is positioned between the topsheet 30 and the backsheet 32 and includes at least strands of superabsorbent strands 36, as seen through the partially cut-away hole in the figure. In the figure, the free strands 36 are illustrated in parallel lines along the longitudinal direction A of the article. It should be recognized that the strands may, in an alternative configuration, also run in the transverse direction B of the article or in a combination of the longitudinal and transverse directions. In addition, the strands of yarn 36 may be inserted in a non-straight manner, such as a wave, zigzag, or any other configuration in a uniform, non-uniform, or random direction (crossing or not crossing), or a combination of any of the above patterns. . Such wavy or zigzag patterns can provide a more absorbent surface than strands of straight-line yarn. The strands of superabsorbent yarns 36 can be glued directly to the inner surface of the backsheet 32 facing the topsheet 30, the inner surface of the topsheet 30 facing the backsheet 32, or as shown in Figure 2, which shows a view of an alternative configuration of the article of Figure 1 at line XX, the strands of superabsorbent strands 36 may be adhesively or otherwise bonded to a carrier sheet 37 which is itself bonded to an inner surface of the topsheet 30 or of the backsheet 32. In Figure 1, no carrier sheet is shown, and the strands are between the topsheet 30 and the backsheet 32. The carrier sheet 37 can be positioned on only one side of the strands of superabsorbent yarns (as illustrated in Figure 2), or it can either partially or fully surround the strands of yarn, so that the strands of yarn are placed between the layers of the carrier sheet. In addition, more than one carrier layer can be positioned along one side of the yarn strands. These carrier sheets can serve as a protective layer to insulate the superabsorbent yarn strands or the superabsorbent components themselves, especially to prevent SAP from migrating to other areas of the product, but still allow fluid to come in contact with the yarn strands . Additional bonding techniques may include needling or thermal bonding, as well as for securing the yarns to adjacent carrier sheets or layers. The carrier sheet can be made from traditional materials such as a fabric or non-woven material as is known in the art. In an alternative configuration, additional intermediate layers may be positioned between the carrier sheets and yarns and the topsheet or backsheet. In addition, such superabsorbent yarn can be wrapped around these layers or through these layers to direct fluid in various directions within an article.
[068] As can further be seen in Figure 2, the garment adhesive strips 38 or other fastening means can be positioned along the longitudinal direction of the central region and/or flaps 20 of the product for adhering the article to the undergarment of a user. These adhesive strips 38 can be covered with adhesive release sheets 39 to cover the adhesive strips before use, and then removed at the time of use. Adhesive strips along the center of the product backsheet would function to adhere the product to the inner crotch area of the wearer's underwear or outerwear, while adhesive strips in the backsheet areas of the flap would provide temporary attachment to the opposite side of the crotch area of the underwear as the flaps have been folded over the side edges of the garment during use.
[069] The topsheet 30 provides the absorbent article 10 with a surface permeable to the liquid/fluid that comes in contact with the user's skin. The topsheet 30 should provide a comfortable and conforming interface to the user's skin while being flexible, compliant and non-irritating to the skin. The topsheet 30 desirably also transfers liquids/fluids quickly to the underlying layers and remains dry and clean during use, effectively reducing or eliminating the wet feeling again during use. In addition to being permeable to liquids, the topsheet 30 can also include openings (not shown) to freely pass exudates with minimal absorption. The topsheet 30 can be coated with a surfactant to further improve the permeability of the absorbent portion 35 and reduce fluid retention by the topsheet 30, or it can be coated or impregnated with other skin health treatments. The topsheet 30 may also include embossing (not shown) such as embossed channels, and arcuate embossing, to create an aesthetically pleasing surface, a particular curvature profile of the product, or to help further disperse exudates passing through the sheet. top 30, or, alternatively, to slow its propagation to the lateral edges of the product. In addition, if desired, these embossments may extend to one or more other layers of the product to improve the fluid handling properties of the product and may further serve to secure the topsheet 30 to the underlying layers of the article.
[070] The topsheet 30 can be made of any woven or non-woven material that passes bodily fluids but still remains comfortable for the wearer. Suitable non-woven materials include, but are not limited to, spunlace hydroentangled materials, bonded carded fabrics (BCW) made from fibers and spunbond fabrics. Apertured films are also suitable topsheet materials. Examples of suitable topsheet materials include rayon (synthetic silk), welded carded fabrics of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon or other thermally bondable fibers, polyolefins, copolymers of polypropylene and polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, and aliphatic esters such as polylactic acid.
[071] Other suitable materials for the topsheet include air-bonded carded fabrics (TABCW) made from standard length fibers such as 25 grams per square meter (gsm) of fabric made with 1.5 denier (d) ), polyethylene liner, bicomponent polypropylene core, 35 to 40 millimeters (mm) standard length fibers available from FiberVisions Corporation, based in Duluth, Georgia, USA, which are available under the trade designation ESC215. The topsheet materials can also include laminates of the aforementioned materials, and are desirably bonded to the inner surface of the backsheet 32. The topsheet 30 can also be made from two or more different non-woven or film materials. For example, the topsheet may be a multi-component material with a center section (not shown) running along and spanning the longitudinal centerline of the product with the side sections (not shown) flanking and joined to either side of the longitudinal center section. The central part can be made, for example, from the aforementioned TABCW materials or it can be made from a perforated film. The side sections can be made of a different non-woven fibrous material that is joined to the center section. Such dual material configuration is described for example in U.S. Patent No. 5,961,505 to Coe, 5,415,640 to Kirby and 6,117,523 to Sugahara, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. This top layer of dual or bicomponent material could provide a dry feel in the center longitudinal region and a smooth feel along the lateral longitudinal regions. It is also contemplated that dual material top layers may include elastic components along their side edges to lift the secondary material portions during use, thereby forming physical barriers or a product snapping element to fit flush with the body. .
[072] Topsheet materials with larger open areas are desirable in a configuration in order to provide visibility to the superabsorbent yarns below the layer. As shown in the figures, it is desirable that at least part of the topsheet be translucent in order to allow a user of the product to observe the functionality of the superabsorbent strands (via a change in yarn color from dry to dirty). This can further be achieved through large openings in the topsheet, which also allow exudates to quickly flow into the superabsorbent layers contained under the topsheet layer.
[073] In the configurations illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the strands of free superabsorbent yarns 36 exclusively form the absorbent part of the article. That is, there are no other liquid-retaining layers in the article. In such a configuration, the strands of superabsorbent yarns provide flexibility to the article that an absorbent sheet material would not provide. Furthermore, such a configuration provides greater thickness and breathability for the article. Alternatively, the strands of superabsorbent strands 36 may be a component of the absorbent portion, which could also include filler layers of cellulosic or synthetic fibers, a multilayer structure, such as one including an overlay or transfer layer, a distribution layer or a combination of them. These other layers, although not illustrated, are well known in the art. Such supplemental layers may be used in the absorbent article in the same plane as the superabsorbent yarns, or alternatively in a plane above or below the superabsorbent yarns. An overlay or transfer layer provides an optional layer between the topsheet layer and the absorbent core (portion). When present, the transfer layer absorbs fluid passing through the topsheet layer and disperses fluid to the underlying layers, including the absorbent core. The transfer layer can comprise any of the aforementioned polymer, fiber and film structures with respect to the topsheet material, as well as any overlay materials as they are readily available and well known to those skilled in the art. No matter what material for the overlay layer is being used, the overlay or transfer layer can be along the entire length of the product or it can be short and strategically located in a specific area of the product. Furthermore, it can be a full-width layer that extends to the longitudinal sides of the product, or it can have a smaller width in which case it will generally be centered on the longitudinal centerline of the product.
[074] Furthermore, as will be explained later, the superabsorbent strands may also be part of one or more dies, as opposed to being present in a free-strand configuration. For the purposes of the present invention, in some configurations, it is desirable to minimize the contact of the strands of individual yarns (with each other) within an absorbent article, so as to prevent interference from SAP that can swell in a strand with the fluid movement in the other cord. In this regard, in one embodiment, it is desirable that the percentage of contact/overlap of one strand with another separate strand is between 0% and 100%, in at least one dimension of the strand. When at 0% (no contact between individual strands), the separate strand strands allow the liquid to be transferred within each individual strand so that the performance of each strand does not impact the performance of the others. The space between the strands helps to drain fluid into the strands. In some overlapping of the strands (up to 100%), the strands can overlap each other in separate layers. In such a configuration, the type of yarn in each layer can serve different functions that do not affect the performance of each other. For example, an upper layer may have an inflow and distribution functionality while a back layer may have a containment/storage functionality.
[075] The backsheet 32 can be peripherally joined to the topsheet 30 directly or indirectly, through intermediate layers, generally near the periphery of the article. It provides the absorbent article 10 with a liquid-impermeable and optionally vapor-permeable surface that prevents exudates from completely penetrating the absorbent article 10 and soiling the wearer's undergarments or outerwear. Ideally, backsheet 32 is soft, flexible, immobile, breathable, and can, in one configuration, include an absorbent capacity on the side facing the absorbent portion 35.
[076] The back layer 32 can be of any suitable material known in the art, such as embossed and unembossed thermoplastic films, non-woven fabrics, laminated fabric, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the backsheet 32 includes a non-woven material laminated to a microporous film with the non-woven material forming a soft, comfortable outer surface for the absorbent article 10. Desirably, such backsheet film materials can have a thickness of about 0.03 to 0.07 mm and have a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of around 500 to 2500g/m2/24hr. The back layer can be transparent, translucent or opaque, depending on the product's needs. To enhance the signaling effect of the superabsorbent yarns, and perception of product fineness and breathability, transparent and translucent backsheet materials may be preferred. For aesthetic appeal, patterned elements can also be included in the back layer.
[077] The construction glues to be used in the products of the invention can be those that are common in the area of personal care products. However, in product configurations with perforated top layers, non-sticky glues may be more desirable.
[078] The absorbent portion 35 provides the operational material for the collection and retention of bodily fluids or exudate while remaining light and dry feeling during use. The absorbent portion 35 should, in a configuration, be soft, not rigid, and should retain its shape even when wet. The absorbent portion 35 resides between the topsheet 30 and the backsheet 32 and can be bonded to one or both layers or intermediate layers, such as the optional overlay layer or carrier sheet to hold the absorbent portion 35 in place and protect the absorbent portion 35 of the abrasion.
[079] The absorbent part of the absorbent article can be of any structure or combination of components with superabsorbent threads 36 which are generally compressible, conformable, non-irritating to the wearer's skin, and capable of absorbing and retaining bodily fluids. For example, the absorbent portion with superabsorbent yarns can include an absorbent fabric of cellulose fibers such as wood pulp fibers, other natural fibers, synthetic fibers, sheets of woven or non-woven material, scrim mesh or other stabilizing structures, additional superabsorbent materials separated from superabsorbent yarns, binder materials, surfactants, selected hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials, pigments, lotions, and odor control agents, as well as combinations thereof. The absorbent portion can be formed using various methods and techniques known in the art, such as drying, dry forming, air forming, wet forming and foaming, as well as combinations thereof.
[080] As stated above, superabsorbent materials are well known in the art and can be selected from natural materials, synthetic and modified natural polymers. The absorbent portion 35 with superabsorbent strands 36 generally includes superabsorbent material, with the superabsorbent material ranging from about 1% to 90% of the weight of the absorbent portion 35, depending on the application and desired absorption. For example, the total absorption capacity can be about 200 to 900 grams of 0.9% by weight saline solution for child care products; whereas, the total absorption capacity for adult care products can be around 400 to 2000 grams of 0.9% by weight saline solution. For feminine hygiene products, the total absorption capacity can be within the range of about 7 to 50 grams of menstrual fluid. In one configuration, the superabsorbent material is present in an amount of about 10% to 50% by weight of the yarn. Optionally, the absorbent portion 35 may include what is called a core wrap (not shown) made from fabric or a non-woven sheet, such as a non-woven fabric by the spunbond or meltblown process or a laminate of layers produced by the process. of spunbond and meltblown, the purpose of which is to help retain the superabsorbent yarn and yarn components perfectly within the absorbent area and increase both wet and dry mechanical strength and integrity of the absorbent portion 35. The core wrap would enclose the entirety or a portion of the absorbent portion 35. Such a core wrap may be useful for wrapping superabsorbent yarns which contain superabsorbent fibers or particles onto the outer surface of the yarn.
[081] Referring again to Figure 1, the absorbent article 10 may optionally include what is called a pair of flaps 20 extending laterally from the central portion (or end portions for floss or nightwear-type products , but not illustrated) of the product. Such flaps 20 are well known in the art and can be formed integrally from other components of the article such as the topsheet 30 and backsheet 32 or from separate materials and then bonded to the longitudinal sides 16 and 18 of the article. 10.
[082] The various layers of the absorbent article can be joined or not joined together, depending on the design criteria of the specific product. In this regard, all conventional joining techniques can be used including, but not limited to, adhesive, bonding and stamping techniques using heat and/or pressure, ultrasonic bonding, needling, stitching, hydroentangling, etc. In most cases, it is desirable to seal one or more layers together near the periphery of the product so as to reduce leakage of absorbed bodily fluids.
[083] The superabsorbent strands 36 are shown in Figure 1 by means of a cut portion of the topsheet 30, but also through the surface of the topsheet 30 itself. In one configuration, the topsheet is at least partially translucent to allow for a user see the soiling of the absorbent portion along the length of the superabsorbent strands 36 during use. For the purposes of this patent application, the term "translucent" shall mean the ability of a user with a legally defined view, to visualize the changes in the color of the superabsorbent thread through the top layer, when the user's visualization, facing the surface of the article, is unobstructed from a distance of between one and sixty inches. Visualization of fluid propagation along the length of the strands is accomplished by the natural color change of the absorbent materials in the superabsorbent strand as body exudates are absorbed by the strand. In this way, a product user can clearly see the level of product usage in the hope of avoiding a potential leak, without additional chemical markings. Alternatively, the topsheet can be opaque or contain masking elements (such as pigments in the fibers or film) in order to avoid providing such information to users who prefer not to see.
[084] As noted above, several types of superabsorbent yarns can be used in the absorbent portions of the absorbent articles of the invention. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 3A, a strand 50 of fibres/filaments along its longitudinal body 51 may be coated along its surface with superabsorbent particles 52 or fibers. The yarn is shown in a stylized format, but it should be understood that the yarn body 51 itself can be twisted, such as in a traditional "S" or "Z" configuration, or folded to give more volume or texture, or interstitial space. additional to the fluid flow. In such a configuration, the core strand body can be made of fibers, such as from fluid permeable materials, and the superabsorbent fibers or particles can be adhered to the strand by mixing, chemical bonding, charge attraction or other traditional bonding method. Fibers/filaments of material other than SAP are desirably fluid permeable so that they retain the fluid or distribute the fluid along the length of the yarn.
[085] Alternatively, as can be seen in Figure 3B, the superabsorbent yarn 60 may include an outer fluid permeable layer 61, which encapsulates a central core containing superabsorbent material 62. In such an encapsulated superabsorbent yarn or yarn made of encapsulated superabsorbent fibers , the superabsorbent material is less likely to migrate out of the strand to other parts of the article, or to the individual's skin surface. In such a configuration, the need for a separate carrier layer 37 is reduced, especially one that completely surrounds the yarn on both sides. In addition, the outer fluid-permeable layers of the yarn can act as an influx or distribution layer before large amounts of fluid are retained within the superabsorbent core material of the yarn or filaments. Non-woven outer layers can also be adapted to achieve special fluid treatment properties, by selecting porosity, fiber type, fiber size, varying the fiber twists between the outer layer(s) ( es) and the core, etc. For example, fibers can be varied depending on the ultimate goal of absorbing urine residue, stool secretions, menstrual secretions, or wound secretions. The attraction of fibers to various fluids can vary depending on the components of the fluid to be absorbed, such as affinities with protein fluids or fluids containing ions/salt. In addition, the amount of cotton in any yarn that is selected to be part of a matrix (such as an interlocking pattern) will also impact yarn flexibility. Therefore, if superabsorbent yarn matrices are used in a product, one or more types of matrices can be used with variations in size, open area, core composition, outer layer composition and layers to provide different levels of fluid handling and fit on the body at different locations on an absorbent article. Such variable dies can be placed either on the same plane/layer or on different planes/layers within the absorbent article. For example, in a given plane of a portion of an absorbent article, a central region may comprise a fast-absorbing yarn, while the edges of the plane may be composed of yarns with better fluid-holding capacity, which is the ability to retain the absorbed moisture, rather than focusing on the initial mass absorption characteristics. Depending on the desired fluid handling characteristics of the article, it is envisioned that absorbent matrices may also include absorbent yarns without SAP, such as polyester yarns, rayon and nylon materials, but in combination with the SAP yarns. In addition, traditional absorbent materials can be used in conjunction with superabsorbent yarns such as airflow materials through airflow bonded carded fabrics, SAP flat sheets, hydroentangling materials and chemically bonded carded fabrics. As with the yarns of the previous figure, the yarn of Figure 3B can include variable twists, either in its entirety or between layers, or additional pleating.
[086] Alternatively, as seen in Figure 3C, the superabsorbent yarn 70 may include several layers in the transverse Z direction (depth direction). Such outer layers would be fluid permeable, with each layer functioning as a traditional layer in an absorbent article. For example, the outermost layer 71 can be made of fibers that typically make up either an upper layer or initial overlay layer or transfer layer of an absorbent article. This outermost layer may be made of traditional topsheet layer fibrous materials if the absorbent article containing the yarn does not include a separate topsheet layer (as described further in Figures 13A and 13B). The outermost layer 71 may alternatively be made of fibers that normally form an overlay layer or transfer layer, if the yarn-containing article includes a separate topsheet layer. In this way, as fluid is drawn into the wire, it would pass through a traditional transfer or overhead layer along the entire length of the wire. Below the overlay layer 71 (or the topsheet layer as the case may be), at least one inner absorbent layer can be positioned along the length of the yarn 72. Such absorbent layer can be positioned continuously along the length of the yarn or discontinuous along the length of the wire. Finally, within the center of the yarn, a superabsorbent material containing a secondary core may be positioned along the entire length of the yarn, or alternatively discontinuously along the length of the yarn. In this way, a self-contained absorbent system can be configured into a single strand of yarn that can be cut to a desired length and strategically placed on an absorbent article of the present invention. Such absorbent outer layers 72 can be comprised of traditionally used absorbent fibrous materials. These multi-layer wires can be manufactured using DREF wiring systems like those mentioned above. It should be recognized that various absorbent and other functional layers can be used in such yarns to achieve the desired level of absorbency and distribution along the entire length of the yarn strand. Such layers would, of course, depend on the type of secretion being absorbed and the type of absorbent article desired. For example, an absorbent system designed to absorb menstruation may use different materials than one designed to absorb urine and feces. As with the previous figures, such yarn can also include a variety of twists, depending on the layer as well as the pleat.
[087] As can be seen in Figure 3D, these strands of superabsorbent yarns 80 may include surface treatments along the Y-Y axis, depending on the placement of the yarns in an absorbent article. For example, the upper surface facing a wearer may include a hydrophilic finish 81, while the lower surface 82 away from the wearer facing the garment may employ a hydrophobic surface treatment. Such surface treatment materials are known in the absorbent art and will not be detailed.
[088] While the strands of superabsorbent strands 36 are shown in a parallel linear configuration along the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article of Figure 1, it should be recognized that such a configuration is just an example. Other configurations may be more desirable depending on product usage. For example, as seen in the top view shown in Figure 4, an alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article (absorbent) includes such strands of free and visible superabsorbent yarn 90 positioned between a top sheet and a back sheet, but in a star pattern such that liquid is absorbed in all areas of the perimeter of the article from a centrally located fluid deposition area 92. Some of the strands 90 could be cut to a greater length to accommodate the longer distances for the outer periphery of the product. As can be seen in the top plan view of a feminine hygiene article in Figure 5, which shows another alternative configuration, as another possibility, such visible superabsorbent strands can be configured in a grid-like matrix along the product between the layer. upper layer and the back layer, so as to absorb the exudates through the longitudinal 95 and transverse 100 directions of the product threads. As can be seen from another alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article of Figure 6, the visible superabsorbent strands can be positioned along the periphery of the product 110 between the top layer and the back layer so that they serve as an outer barrier. or limit to prevent leakage of body exudates before the fluid reaches the edges of the product. Such a configuration may also employ superabsorbent yarn 112 around a traditional absorbent pad layer 113, with both the traditional absorbent layer and the superabsorbent yarns being positioned in the same plane between the sheet layer(s) ) top(s) and the back sheet(s) layer(s). As noted above, in some configurations, the absorbent article may employ elastic characteristics to lift portions of the article. As can be seen in Figures 7 and 8 (Figure 8, which shows a cross-sectional view of Figure 7 taken along line Y'-Y'), the feminine hygiene article employs a traditional filler absorbent core 119. Such filler may be in the form of cellulosic materials, air-produced materials, TABCWs, SAP sheets, or a combination of these. The topsheet includes two strands of visible superabsorbent yarns 120 and 122 to serve as fluid barriers, and also elastic strands 124 to serve as lifting means for raising the barriers along the side edges of the article during use. Traditional pre-tensioned elastic cords or contractile elastic cords for liquids can be used for this purpose, as are known in the art for personal care articles. Such strands would be bonded on the underside or topside of the raised surface top layer using traditional bonding methods, or, alternatively, may be bonded between multiple top layers in these areas.
[089] With reference to Figures 9 and 10 (to 10 which is a cross-sectional view of Figure 9 along line ZZ), in an alternative configuration, a feminine hygiene article shown in a top view contains a stabilizing element 129 to control the contour and agglomeration of the product during use, thus providing greater product stability. The stabilizing element or shaping layer, as it is sometimes called, is desirably positioned between the superabsorbent threads 125 of the absorbent portion and the backsheet layer (with the superabsorbent threads positioned below the topsheet) as illustrated, or, alternatively, with the superabsorbent threads below the stabilizing layer, which is closest to the topsheet (not shown). In the case of Figure 9, the modeling layer is shaped like a butterfly. A common problem with absorbent articles such as feminine absorbents is their tendency to bunch and rise to the contours of the body, including the buttocks and vaginal area during use. Agglomeration reduces the surface area that is efficient in capturing liquids, increasing the likelihood of fluid leakage and staining of underwear/outdoors. As the mesh-like matrices of the absorbent yarns of the present invention are highly flexible, the tampon can become more susceptible to body pressure and movement, which results in this type of agglomeration. In order to overcome this possibility, the addition of a stabilizing element provides additional support. The modeling layer may comprise one or more layers of materials that are positioned towards the longitudinal and transverse centerlines. Such a modeling layer can be rigid and fluid impermeable, but it can also be fluid permeable. This stabilizing layer can be manufactured from a variety of materials, such as airflow materials, cast materials, SAP sheets, cotton layers, foams, films, carded and welded interwoven bulky materials, or other material or combination of materials, which provide sufficient integrity to alleviate agglomeration. Although the placement of such a layer can be anywhere on the product, it must be positioned so as not to negatively affect the fluid handling attributes. Such shaping layer can be of any size or shape, although it is preferably shaped so as to preserve the opening of the absorbent portion. She is in a configuration, cut by the matrix. A desirable shaping layer is an air flow cut material of about 60 gsm to 200 gsm which is narrower at its center so as to maintain an opening for the absorbent portion as shown in the figure. Such modeling layer can be absorbent or not.
[090] In another alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article, as shown in Figures 11 and 11A, an open area in the center of the product is created by an orifice-like structure 133 defined by either an upper absorbent layer or a transfer layer. fluid/overload 132, which is situated below an upper layer 131 and above the strands of superabsorbent strands 134. As can be seen in Figure 11A, which is a cross-sectional view of Figure 11 taken along line X'- X', this wire is also situated over a carrier layer 136, which is positioned between the topsheet 131 and the backsheet 135. In such a configuration, the hole 133 contained within an overhead or transfer topsheet helps direct exudates down to the absorbent portion, made of free superabsorbent yarn strands 134. It also helps to focus the user's attention on the strands, as the top absorbent layer or transfer layer. 132 fluid surge/overload is opaque in one setting, preventing wire viewing in areas outside the orifice. It should be recognized that the top absorbent layer or fluid transfer layer/overlay layer 132 may be formed from absorbent or overlay materials known in the art.
[091] In yet another alternative configuration, as shown in Figure 11B, a feminine hygiene article is illustrated in top plan view having an additional absorbent layer 137 centrally placed with an oval configuration, positioned below the top layer and above the strands of free and parallel superabsorbent threads. In this configuration, a bulge is created by the supplemental absorbent layer 137 along the central longitudinal and transverse axis to allow for closer contact of the product with the vaginal vestibule during use. It should be recognized that the bulge or relief portion can be of any shape and material known in the art for absorbent layers.
[092] In yet another alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article, as illustrated in Figure 11C, a traditional absorbent layer 138 is positioned between a topsheet and a backsheet. However, a strand or multiple strands of superabsorbent strands 139 are positioned in the same plane as the traditional absorbent layer, but around the perimeter of the traditional absorbent layer 138. In this way, an outer protective absorbent wall is provided together with a layer traditional absorbent 138.
[093] In yet another alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article, as illustrated in Figure 11D, different types of superabsorbent yarns can be positioned in the same plane or in different planes within an absorbent article. For example, superabsorbent fast absorbing yarns can be placed centrally along the longitudinal axis of a product 140, while superabsorbent yarns with higher holding capacity 141 can be placed closer to the longitudinal side edges of an article, for example between the layer. top and back layer of the article.
[094] In yet another alternative configuration of a feminine hygiene article, as illustrated in Figures 11E and 11F, different densities of superabsorbent yarns can be positioned in different regions of a product to direct fluid to desired locations. For example, as seen in Figure 11E, the highest densities per unit area of superabsorbent yarn 142 can be positioned along the edges of a product (between the top layer and the back layer) in order to move the liquid. away from the sides to the ends 143 of a product, which would have the highest strand density in the product per unit area. Alternatively, as seen in Figure 11F, the high density superabsorbent yarn can be positioned at the center of a 144 product, between the top layer and the back layer, to move the fluid away from the center to the end 145 of the product. .
[095] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, as seen in Figure 12, which illustrates a top plan view of a feminine care liner that has a carrier layer or back layer 146 and strands of superabsorbent yarns 147 parallels adhered in the entire transverse direction of the lining. As can be seen in Figure 13A, which illustrates an alternative configuration of the liner of Figure 12 and in particular an enlarged cross-sectional view of the alternative configuration of Figure 12 taken along the line Y''-Y'', the strands of superabsorbent yarns can be stacked in layers 147 on the backing layer 146. In this way, they can be adhesively bonded together and the backing layer/carrier sheet, without the presence of the separate backing layer. If an encapsulated yarn is used as a superabsorbent yarn component, the encapsulated yarn may include an outer ring of material (as described above) which functions as a topsheet, thus eliminating the need to have a separate and distinct topsheet. In yet another alternative configuration of the liner of Figure 12, as seen in Figure 13B, the carrier sheet/back layer 146 can be eliminated, and the liner itself can be formed only with strands of stacked superabsorbent yarns 147 attached to each other. another 148 as a compound. The strands of yarn can be cut to a desired length to approximate the length of a liner, before or after being adhesively bonded, for example, to one another. The strands of yarn can be adhesively bonded using an adhesive that maintains its flexibility after drying, or alternatively, using intermittent applications of adhesive so as not to restrict the swollen yarns.
[096] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, a top plan view of a feminine hygiene article in the form of an absorbent is shown in Figure 14. In such figure, a transfer or overlay layer 150 is positioned between a translucent topsheet and an absorbent portion. Such overlay layer 150 is opaque in configuration, blocking or masking the stain of the underlayers, which can become discolored with bodily secretions absorbed from the wearer's body. Numerous perimeter openings or windows 151, 152, 153, and 154 are defined by overlay layer 150. An array of superabsorbent strands 160 is situated below the overlay layer and between the overlay layer and the back layer. The matrix of superabsorbent strands 160 is only visible to the consumer through the translucent top layer and the overlay layer 150 through the openings, so that the consumer can easily observe the propagation of secretions absorbed on the article that were originally deposited in the central region. of the absorbent and recognize when the absorbed and spread secretion is approaching or has already approached the longitudinal and lateral transversal edges of the article, thus taking steps to change the product prior to the potential leakage, and subsequent staining of the user's underwear. In such a configuration, the simple color change of the superabsorbent thread, whether it is actual color change or hue change as a result of the discharge, will provide a passive visual notification or signal of an impending leak. It should be understood that these openings can be present in any amount, and in a variety of selected perimeter locations. For example, these openings may be present only to the side of the flaps 152 and 153, in the transverse direction of the product, or only at the ends 151 and 154.
[097] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, a side view of a feminine hygiene article in the form of an absorbent pad is shown in Figures 15, 15A and 15B. In Figure 15, the tampon consists primarily of a compressed absorbent pad 170 around which the superabsorbent yarn 171 is wound. Alternatively, the superabsorbent yarn may be part of the tampon withdrawal tape 172. The tampon may or may not include a cover sheet along the superabsorbent yarn to help hold the superabsorbent material in place of the superabsorbent yarn (depending on yarn type). In Figure 15A, the tampon may include discrete channels of superabsorbent threads on the tampon, such as on the upper insert end 173 or lower withdrawal end 174 of the tampon. In this way, the strand of superabsorbent material can serve as a final fluid barrier to prevent the leakage of menstrual fluids from the tampon when in use or upon withdrawal. As can be seen in Figure 15B, the superabsorbent yarn can be formed as tow, rather than as part of a secondary absorbent material, such that the tampon itself is composed of several superabsorbent yarns 175 which are covered or not covered by a separate cover sheet 176 and which are held in place at the plug withdrawal end by a retaining member 177, such as a band or compressed region. While the superabsorbent yarn is illustrated on the outer surface of the tampon in Figures 15 and 15A, it can be easily placed along the interior of the tampon. For example, as seen in Figure 15C, which shows a roll of an absorbent tampon swab tape which has the superabsorbent yarn 178 wound with the absorbent pad sheet to form a roll 179 prior to compression, and which subsequently would be included inside the absorbent pad after compression and formation of the pads.
[098] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, a top view of a diaper 180 is illustrated in Figure 16. The diaper includes two waist areas 181 and 182 connected via a crotch region 184 and having fasteners 183 along the way. of the side edges of a waist area 181. The diaper includes a topsheet and a backsheet which surround an absorbent core 185. As with the feminine hygiene articles described above, the topsheet and backsheets may be manufactured from materials known in the art and the topsheet can, in some configurations, be translucent if desired. The core can also be manufactured from absorbent materials known in the art. Positioned on or within the absorbent core are superabsorbent strands 186 strategically placed along the peripheral edges of the absorbent core to serve as a final barrier against exudate leakage. As with the above configurations, the superabsorbent yarns can be affixed to a separate core layer, comprise only the core, or affixed to a carrier sheet. As can be seen in Figure 17, which illustrates an alternative diaper configuration to that shown in Figure 16, the absorbent core may include different functional superabsorbent yarns placed adjacent to each other, 186 and 187. For example, some of the superabsorbent yarns may be designed to absorb and retain relatively large amounts of exudates, while the others can be designed to quickly absorb exudates but not retain much. As can be seen in Figure 18, which illustrates yet another alternative diaper configuration to that shown in Figure 16, regions of relatively high density superabsorbent yarns may be placed in the waist areas 189 to prevent leakage of exudate from the waist areas, although the central crotch regions between the waist areas may have parallel superabsorbent strands 188 for transporting exudates to the outer regions of the absorbent core in the waist areas. As can be seen in Figure 19, which illustrates yet another alternative diaper configuration to that shown in Figure 16, such diaper may include side flaps (or barriers in the crotch area) 190, which traditionally include elastic components (not shown ) to contain body secretions in a defined area. Superabsorbent strands 191 can be placed over or within the side flaps to serve as a final absorbent barrier to prevent leakage of exudate. Similarly, as seen in the alternate diaper configuration in Figure 20, the diaper may include elastic waist regions 192 that aid in the fit and comfort of the diaper. Within the waist areas, the superabsorbent yarn 193 can be placed to serve as a barrier against leakage of exudate. In a similar manner, as seen in the alternative configuration of a diaper in Figure 21, shown in side view, the diaper may include detachable elastic side portions 194 and 195 which also aid in the fit and comfort of the diaper. Within the side portions, superabsorbent yarn 196 can be placed to serve as a barrier against exudate leakage. Finally, in a similar way, as seen in the alternative configuration of a diaper in Figure 22, the diaper may include supplemental absorbent barriers at other peripheral locations, such as on or within the fastening systems 197 or in the waist areas adjacent the fasteners. 198.
[099] In yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, as seen in the perspective view in Figure 23, the strand of superabsorbent material can be placed on a bandage substrate 200 along the central region, in the form of a matrix 210 This matrix can be bonded to the substrate using known bonding methods. Desirably, substrate 200 is of a liquid impervious material such as a single or multiple layers of film, non-woven laminate or, as are also known. The bandage may or may not include a fluid permeable cover layer 211. Such bandage may be capable of being wrapped around a body part, or secured by sticking to a body part or by means of a separately bonded adhesive tape or adhesive applied topically 212 on the surface of the substrate.
[100] In other alternative configurations, as illustrated in Figures 24 and 25, the superabsorbent yarn 250 can be placed in an absorbent article in cut pieces as illustrated in the figure. Such pieces of yarn can provide additional surface area for absorption and to allow exudates to be absorbed, also from the numerous ends of the yarn, as desired.
[101] In one configuration illustrated in Figure 26, the superabsorbent material yarn can be placed as a matrix on or within an absorbent towel substrate 260 to provide resilience and wet strength to the towel substrate. By providing the yarn in a matrix 261 directed transversely and longitudinally, the absorbed fluids can be directed to many areas of the towel, for more efficient use of the entire towel. As previously described, the superabsorbent yarn can be designed to absorb and retain different fluids depending on the ultimate absorbent goals of the towel.
[102] Not being bound by theory, it is assumed that the helical and twisting nature of superabsorbent strands, and in particular encapsulated strands, influences the absorption capacity and absorption properties of the strands to obtain the desired absorption characteristics in the strands. products described here. In addition to the choices of materials in the yarn, such as the choices of inner and outer layer filaments, variations in twist density and twist directions between the layers that make up the macrostructure of the yarns (as opposed to the structure of individual fibers that make up the yarn ) will influence the wire's ability to displace fluid along the wire's length and in core regions (if distinct cores are present). The helical structure of the yarn has been found to generate local helical movement of fluid along the dimensions of the absorbent article. Although the linear fluid channels used above provide a limited volume of fluid movement, helical channels can provide a balance between linear velocity and an increase in fluid flow volume, especially when combined with the trapping properties of the superabsorbent components. The fluid travels either radially in the SAP components of the yarn, helically along the channels created around the twisted filament or fibers. As the fluid hits the SAP components, the SAP expands, causing changes in the fluid pathways, altering the void volumes in affected areas.
[103] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is susceptible to many modifications and variations without departing from its scope. Therefore, the detailed description is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit in any way the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

权利要求:
Claims (13)
[0001]
1. Absorbent article (10) having a longitudinal and transverse direction, and comprising a fluid-permeable topsheet (30) having an inner surface, a fluid-impervious backsheet (32) having an inner surface, an absorbent portion (35 ) positioned between said top layer (30) and said back layer (32), characterized in that said absorbent portion (35) is comprised of at least a strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) affixed to a carrier layer (37 ), whose carrier layer (37) is adjacent to said fluid-impervious back layer (32) and attaches to said inner surface of the top layer (30) or to said inner surface of the back layer (32), said strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) including superabsorbent and fluid-permeable components for distributing fluid within the length of strands or, alternatively, for retaining fluid, wherein said strand-free superabsorbent strand is a m encapsulated superabsorbent yarn.
[0002]
2. Absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said strand-free superabsorbent strand is a multi-layer encapsulated superabsorbent strand.
[0003]
3. An absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said absorbent portion (35) further comprises an additional absorbent layer.
[0004]
4. Absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said article (10) further includes a shaping layer.
[0005]
An absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said article (10) includes an additional layer between said topsheet (30) and said absorbent portion (35).
[0006]
6. An absorbent article (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that said additional layer defines one or more openings through which said strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) is visible through said topsheet (30 ).
[0007]
7. Absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said topsheet (30) is translucent to allow visualization of said strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) through said topsheet (30) .
[0008]
8. Absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said absorbent article (10) is selected from the group consisting of a feminine hygiene article, an adult incontinence article, an article for baby or child care, a bandage, and a cleaning towel.
[0009]
9. An absorbent article (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that said superabsorbent yarn is disposed in said article at a location separate from said absorbent portion (35).
[0010]
10. An absorbent article (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that said superabsorbent yarn is cut into several parts along at least one direction of said article (10).
[0011]
An absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said article includes peripheral edges and additionally wherein said strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) is disposed along the peripheral edges of the article.
[0012]
12. Absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the strand of free superabsorbent yarn (36) is disposed adjacent to the other strands of yarn.
[0013]
13. An absorbent article (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said strand free superabsorbent strand is arranged so that said absorbent portion (35) includes different densities of strand strands of free superabsorbent strand ( 36) per unit area, along the absorbent portion (35).

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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MX2014007078A|2014-08-27|

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GB2558428A|2018-07-11|

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AU2012356187A1|2014-05-29|

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WO2013093778A3|2013-08-22|

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AU2012356187B2|2017-06-22|

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GB201801345D0|2018-03-14|

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GB2510782B|2018-03-14|

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KR101784052B1|2017-10-10|

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GB2510782A|2014-08-13|

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US9675501B2|2017-06-13|

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MX349060B|2017-07-06|

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WO2013093778A2|2013-06-27|

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GB2558428B|2018-09-26|

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US20130158494A1|2013-06-20|

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KR20140103954A|2014-08-27|

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GB201410309D0|2014-07-23|

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US20170239108A1|2017-08-24|

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BR112014014875A2|2017-06-13|

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法律状态:
2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2019-11-19| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-01-05| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-05-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-06-01| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

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2021-06-22| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 18/12/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201161577403P| true| 2011-12-19|2011-12-19|

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US61/577,403|2011-12-19|

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US13/716,912|2012-12-17|

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US13/716,912|US9675501B2|2011-12-19|2012-12-17|Absorbent article including superabsorbent yarn|

---

PCT/IB2012/057434|WO2013093778A2|2011-12-19|2012-12-18|Absorbent article including superabsorbent yarn|

---