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    • 专利摘要:
    WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE. The present invention relates to a waterproofing membrane that comprises a carrier sheet (layer A); a waterproofing adhesive (layer B); a protective coating (layer C), wherein the protective coating is substantially surfactant-free and comprises an acrylic or methacrylic polymer or copolymer, an inorganic filler and a white pigment; and a releasable material (layer D), wherein the releasable material comprises nanoscale amorphous silica and a polymeric binder. The waterproofing membrane does not require a release liner, bonds strongly to the concrete cast against it (even after exposure to UV radiation), tolerates foot traffic, and resists immersion in water for an extended period.
    公开号:BR112014009948B1
    申请号:R112014009948-0
    申请日:2012-10-25
    公开日:2020-12-01
    发明作者:Robert A. Wiercinski；Anandakumar Ranganathan；Xia Cao；Robert Paul
    申请人:Gcp Applied Technologies Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [001] The present invention relates to a waterproofing membrane that does not have a removable release sheet to prevent the adhesive portion of the membrane from adhering to the carrier sheet or the other portion of the membrane when the membrane is rolled up. Fundamentals of the Invention
    [0002] [002] Sheet-type waterproofing laminates are well known for application on concrete and other substrates. These laminates typically comprise a carrier sheet and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer. In many applications, the waterproofing sheet material is applied to a concrete substrate that has already been formed, such as a building foundation. In such a case, the adhesive layer of the membrane is applied against the cured concrete surface. In another technique, the waterproofing membrane is affixed to the concrete form or coating with the transport sheet against the coating and the adhesive part facing the cavity in which the concrete is poured. The adhesive portion of the membrane will adhere to the newly poured concrete, thus providing a waterproofing membrane completely adhered to the cured concrete surface after the coating is removed. This technique is sometimes referred to as “blind side” (or pre-applied) waterproofing. A similar process can be used on horizontal surfaces, where the membrane is applied to compacted soil or gravel or to a concrete slab, with the adhesive portion facing up, then pouring concrete against the membrane.
    [0003] [003] In addition to the carrier sheet and pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, typical commercial waterproofing membranes include a removable release sheet, which is used to prevent the adhesive portion of the membrane from sticking to the carrier sheet or the other portion of the membrane when the membrane is rolled up. This release sheet must be removed from the membrane before or during installation and deposited in the trash, thus creating environmental waste.
    [0004] [004] US 3,900,102 (Hurst) discloses such a membrane comprising a polyethylene backing sheet, a bitumen adhesive and a peelable silicone paper to protect the adhesive. The release paper is removed as the membrane is unrolled and adheres to a construction substrate (see Hurst. Fig. 4). US 4,751,122 (May) discloses a membrane laminate that includes a sheet-like paper substrate with a release coating (eg, silicone) on one side and a pressure sensitive adhesive waterproofing on the other side. This membrane also includes a removable strip along the edge which, when removed, allows overlapping joints to adhere. US 4,172,830 (Rosenberg) and US 4,215,160 (Rosenberg) disclose paperless membrane laminates that include a silicone release coating on the outer surface of the carrier sheet to prevent the adhesive layer from adhering to the carrier sheet when the membrane is rolled up. US 5,254,661 (Wilson) discloses a similar type of paperless membrane laminate in which the release liner is a water-based silicone emulsion. During installation, the edge portions of the release liner can be removed by wet abrasion to allow the adhesion of adjacent membrane overlap joints.
    [0005] [005] US 4,994,328 (Cogliano) discloses a waterproofing membrane capable of adhering to newly poured concrete (ie, waterproofing on the blind or pre-applied side). The membrane has a bituminous adhesive layer that is coated with a non-stick, water-insoluble polymeric coating, such as, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol, silica, and a glycerin mixture in a 1: 10: 0 weight ratio, 5. The coating supposedly protects the adhesive layer while allowing a strong adhesive bond to the newly poured concrete. However, the coating can be slippery when wet and is therefore not suitable for pedestrian traffic. US 5,316,848 (Bartlett) describes a similarly blinded waterproofing membrane, which includes a transport layer, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, and a protective coating on the adhesive layer, where the coating can be selected from from various types of polymers, preferably an elastomer based on acrylic, such as butyl acrylate and styrene. US 5,496,615 (Bartlett) discloses a similar membrane laminate, where the protective coating has a finely divided particulate material, such as sand, calcium carbonate, cement, titanium dioxide, etc., sprinkled on it. Bartlett's patents suggest that it is preferable for the protective coating to be elastomeric (meaning that it will extend at least twice its original length and return to its approximately original length), have a penetration rate greater than 30 dmm, and include carbon black. The exemplified Bartlett membranes have a weak connection to concrete after exposure to UV radiation.
    [0006] [006] US 6,500,500 (Wiercinski) discloses a membrane laminate having a carrier support sheet, an adhesive layer, and incorporated in the adhesive layer, a layer of granulated inorganic particles capable of reacting with cement, such as aluminum oxide trihydrate, silica dioxide, fly ash, blast furnace slag, alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, etc. The particles can be attached to the adhesive layer using a water-soluble material such as ethylene vinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol.
    [0007] [007] Typical commercial waterproofing membranes used for blind side (or pre-applied) applications include a release sheet and unroll on the wrong side with the adhesive side facing out. This forces the installer to unroll first and then turn a large, heavy membrane before installing it. Alternatively, two installers are required to lift the heavy roll, so that it can be rolled out from the top. The need to remove and dispose of a release liner requires additional work and creates a considerable amount of waste, these disposals have significant monetary and environmental costs.
    [0008] [008] WO 2010/0488198 (Wiercinski) discloses a waterproofing membrane that does not require a release coating. The membrane comprises four laminated layers, which can be arranged in various forms, including a modality (modality C-D-A-B), where the layers are arranged in the following sequence: carrier sheet, waterproofing adhesive, protective coating and release material. The releasable bonding material may comprise a water-soluble polymer, an alkaline soluble polymer, or a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer or copolymer. The protective coating comprises a particulate inorganic material and an air-conditioned elastomer or pressure sensitive adhesive. It has been found that some of these four layer membranes can potentially slide off when subjected to an unusually extreme condition of immersion in water for an extended period.
    [0009] [009] WO 2011/041263 (Wiercinski) discloses a three-layer waterproofing membrane comprising a carrier sheet, a waterproofing adhesive, and a protective coating layer comprising a polyvinyl acetate ho-mopolymer. The waterproofing membrane may or may not include a release liner.
    [0010] [010] It would be advantageous to provide a waterproofing membrane that strongly bonds to the concrete mold against its surface, even after exposure to UV radiation. In addition, it would be advantageous to provide a waterproofing membrane that has an external surface that will withstand foot traffic. It would also be advantageous to provide a waterproofing membrane that does not require a release sheet that has to be removed and discarded in the workplace. In addition, it would be advantageous to provide a waterproofing membrane that will go directly to the top side (i.e., downward facing carrier sheet and upward facing adhesive / protective coating) when it is unrolled at the job site. Most importantly, it would be advantageous to provide a waterproofing membrane that will withstand extraordinary environmental conditions, such as immersion in water for an extended period. Summary of the Invention
    [0011] [011] The present invention encompasses a waterproofing membrane comprising the following laminated layers: layer A comprising a carrier sheet; layer B comprising a waterproofing adhesive; layer C comprising a protective coating; and layer D comprising a release material.
    [0012] [012] The membrane preferably does not include a removable release sheet, which is normally used to prevent adhesion of the adhesive to the carrier sheet or to the other portion of the membrane when the membrane is rolled up.
    [0013] [013] In a preferred embodiment, the releasable material (layer D) comprises nanoscale amorphous silica and a polymeric binder. Preferably, the binder comprises a water-soluble polymer, an alkaline soluble polymer, or a homopolymer or copolymer of polyvinyl acetate. In a preferred embodiment, the protective coating (layer C) comprises an acrylic or methacrylic polymer or copolymer, an inorganic filler, and a white pigment, and will also be substantially surfactant free.
    [0014] [014] The present invention also encompasses a method of waterproofing a concrete structure which comprises the application of a waterproofing membrane, as described herein to a construction substrate or concrete form with the releasable material (layer D) of said membrane facing the area where the concrete will be molded, and shape the concrete in such a way that it comes in contact with the release material of the membrane. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0015] [015] Fig. 1 represents a cross section of an embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description of the Invention
    [0016] [016] One embodiment of the waterproofing membrane of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, showing a cross section of the membrane taken along the width of the membrane. Typical commercial membranes will have a width in the range of 30 to 185 cm, more usually 60 to 140 cm, preferably 80 to 130 cm. They will typically be 5 to 60 m long, more typically 15 to 36 m long, and are rolled into a roll.
    [0017] [017] As shown in fig. 1, the waterproofing membrane comprises four laminated layers arranged in the ABCD sequential order in which layer A comprises a carrier sheet 2; layer B comprises a waterproofing adhesive 4; layer C comprises a protective coating 6; and layer D comprises a release material 8.
    [0018] [018] Layer A comprises a carrier sheet 2. The carrier sheet provides mechanical strength and waterproofing integrity for the membrane. The carrier sheet will typically have a thickness of about 0.05 to 2.0 mm, preferably about 0.3 to 1.0 mm. Generally, it is preferred that the inner face of the carrier sheet (that is, the face contacting release material 8 (layer D)) has a surface tension of 40 dynes / cm or less, preferably 35 dynes / cm or any less. The carrier sheet must comprise a generally smooth surface to provide easy release of the bonding material. Smooth surfaces include extruded coated braided and nonwoven films, sheets and fabrics. Suitable materials for extrusion films and coatings include polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-olefin copolymers, vinyl acetate - ethylene copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyethyl acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluoride polyvinylidene (PVDF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and their combinations. Polyethylene and polypropylene are preferred. A preferred carrier sheet comprises a high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic film.
    [0019] [019] In general, the carrier sheet is not surface treated to increase surface tension. However, in some cases, it may be desirable to treat the surface of the carrier sheet on which the adhesive is to be applied, in order to improve the adhesion of the adhesive to the carrier sheet. One such surface treatment option is crown treatment. Preferably, the carrier sheet will not be corona treated, particularly the surface of the carrier sheet which comes in contact with the release material 8.
    [0020] [020] Additives can be incorporated into the carrier material to reduce surface tension. These can be incorporated into the mass of the material in a separate composition step. Additives can also be incorporated into the mass of the material during the melt extrusion process to produce an extrusion-coated sheet, film, or fabric.
    [0021] [021] Layer B comprises a waterproofing adhesive 4, which provides waterproofing integrity for the waterproofing membrane. It also attaches the protective coating to the carrier sheet. The waterproofing adhesive may comprise a synthetic pressure sensitive adhesive (non-bituminous) or a rubber-modified bituminous pressure sensitive adhesive. The adhesive layer will typically have a thickness of about 0.05 to 2.5 mm, preferably about 0.07 to 2.0 mm, more preferably about 0.1 to 1.0 mm, more preferably about from 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
    [0022] [022] Suitable non-bituminous, or synthetic, pressure sensitive adhesives include butyl rubber based adhesives, polyisobutylene adhesives, butyl based adhesives, acrylic based adhesives, ether vinyl based adhesives, adhesives styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene adhesives (SEBS), styrene-butadiene-styrene adhesives (SBS), styrene-butadiene rubber-based adhesives (SBR) ), and their combinations. Preferably, the synthetic adhesive is a SIS, SBS or SEBS pressure sensitive, hot melt, block copolymer, more preferably SIS block copolymer. For a more detailed description of pressure sensitive adhesives, see Satas, Handbook Of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology, by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, Inc. (1982), incorporated herein by reference. Other rubbers include polyisoprene, polybutadiene, natural rubbers, polychloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, nitrile rubbers, ethylene, alpha olefin, and acrylic rubber.
    [0023] [023] The non-bituminous or synthetic pressure sensitive adhesive can optionally contain normal additives, such as light absorbers (eg carbon black, benzotriazoles, etc.), light stabilizers (eg, hindered amines, benzophenones), antioxidants (for example, hindered phenols), fillers (for example, calcium carbonate, silica, titanium dioxide, etc.), plasticizers, rheological additives, and mixtures thereof. Preferred synthetic adhesives contain light absorbers, light stabilizers and antioxidants.
    [0024] [024] A rubber-modified bituminous pressure sensitive adhesive can also be used. All of the rubbers mentioned above (for example, SIS, SBS, SEBS, SBR, etc.) can be mixed with bitumen to produce a pressure sensitive adhesive. Rubber-modified bitumen can also typically include a processing oil, such as an aromatic, naphthenic or paraffinic oil. For unfilled adhesives, the rubber weight% is about 10% to 22%; the weight% of bitumen is about 43% to 90%; and the weight% of processing oil is about 0% to 35%. The pressure sensitive adhesive can also include an inorganic filler material, such as silica, calcium carbonate, talc, or clay. If present, the fill weight% may be about 0% to 50% of the total.
    [0025] [025] In general, for an improved adhesion to leave cast concrete, it is preferred that the pressure sensitive adhesive has a penetration greater than about 30 decimilimeters (dmm) (150 g, 5 s, 21.11 ° C (70 ° F)), measured according to ASTM D 5-73, incorporated herein by reference.
    [0026] [026] The protective coating (layer C) has several functions. It bonds well with both the waterproofing adhesive (layer B) and the release material (layer D). It is also highly reflective and protects the waterproofing adhesive (layer B) against exposure to weather conditions and the resulting degradation. It is also operable to bond to concrete, in case the concrete diffuses into and / or absorbs the release layer during the concrete curing process.
    [0027] [027] In order to provide a good bond under conditions of immersion in water and thus to prevent any delamination under such conditions, the protective coating must be substantially free, and preferably completely free, of surfactant. By substantially free is meant that the amount of surfactant must comprise, by weight of polymer in layer C, from 0 to 1.0%, preferably from 0 to 0.5%, more preferably from 0 to 0.1%.
    [0028] [028] A surfactant should not be confused with a dispersant. As used herein, a surfactant comprises a hydrophobic group (for example, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, and polyalkoxy (C3 and above) groups) and a hydrophilic moiety and is normally used to stabilize an emulsion (for example, an emulsion polymer during emulsion polymerization). A dispersant, on the other hand, does not comprise a hydrophobic portion and can be included in the protective coating to aid in the dispersion of inorganic particles, such as fillers and pigments.
    [0029] [029] It is theorized that the presence of surfactant in the protective coating (layer C) is detrimental to the adhesion of the layers under conditions of immersion in water and can lead to delamination. The surfactant may be inadvertently introduced into layer C, depending on the source of the polymer used in making layer C. For example, if a polymer made by emulsion polymerization is included, such polymer will necessarily include high levels of surfactant, which will become later included in layer C. For this reason, it is important that the protective coating comprises a polymer that is substantially surfactant-free. Such a polymer must be prepared by a process that uses little or no surfactant, such as mass polymerization, solvent polymerization, or suspension polymerization.
    [0030] [030] The protective coating is produced from an acrylic or methacrylic polymer (or copolymer), a filler and a white pigment, where the volume pigment concentration of the filler material plus white pigment is 30% to 80%, preferably 40% to 70%, more preferably 50% to 65%, by volume of total solids (dry). Preferably, the protective coating layer has a penetration ≤ 20 dmm (ASTM D5, 150 g, 5 s, 21.11 ° C (70 ° F)) and a reflectivity ≥ 55%, measured by a reflectometer perpendicular to a surface illuminated at an angle of 45 °. Preferably, the acrylic or methacrylic polymer (or copolymer) has at least 50% by weight of acrylic or methacrylic monomer units and has a Tg of -40 ° C to 0 ° C.
    [0031] [031] Preferably, the polymer comprises, as polymerized units, at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight, of the acrylic or methacrylic monomer. Preferably, the polymer emulsion is prepared by polymerizing one or more alkyl acrylates and / or alkyl methacrylates containing 1-18 carbon atoms per alkyl group. Suitable monomers include, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, pentyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate, lauryl, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, pentyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate, nonyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, methacrylate, la similar. "Alkyl" as used herein includes straight chain, branched and cyclic alkyl groups.
    [0032] [032] In one embodiment of the invention, the (meth) acrylic monomer is copolymerized with at least one different monomer. By (meth) acrylic here means an acrylic monomer or methacrylic monomer, or a combination of these. Suitable co-monomers include, for example, alpha olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids containing 3-5 carbon atoms, and their esters containing 4-20 carbon atoms; monounsaturated dicarboxylic acids containing 4-8 carbon atoms; nitriles selected from olefinically unsaturated alpha nitriles containing 35 carbon atoms; polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids containing 3-8 carbon atoms, and their esters containing 4-20 carbon atoms; vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing 4-22 carbon atoms; olefins containing 2-12 carbon atoms; styrene and styrene derivatives; and other polyfunctional monomers. Preferred co-monomers include styrene, acrylonitrile and acrylic acid.
    [0033] [033] The polymer (or copolymer) in the protective coating layer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from -40 ° C to 0 ° C, calculated using Fox's equation (TG Fox, Bull. Am. Physics Soc., Volume 1, Issue No. 3, page 123 (1956)). That is, to calculate the Tg of a copolymer of monomers M1 and M2, 1 / Tg (calc.) = W (M1) / Tg (M1) + w (M2) / Tg (M2) on what Tg (calc) is the glass transition temperature calculated for the copolymer; w (M1) is the weight fraction of monomer M1 in the copolymer; w (M2) is the fraction by weight of monomer M2 in the copolymer; Tg (M1) is the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer of M1; and Tg (M2) is the glass transition temperature of the M2 homopolymer; with all temperatures being measured in ° K.
    [0034] [034] Examples of suitable polymers include acrylic elastomers, such as HyTemp ® polyacrylate elastomers sold by Zeon Chemicals, for example HyTemp® 4051.
    [0035] [035] The protective coating (layer C) provides a good bond to the concrete after exposure to UV radiation, as it is a highly reflective layer that provides a cooler membrane and, thus, minimizes the degradation rate of the pressure sensitive adhesive. In the absence of a highly reflective protective coating layer, degradation of the pressure sensitive adhesive will occur after exposure to sunlight, thereby reducing the bond to the concrete.
    [0036] [036] The reflectivity is measured with a reflectometer (NOVO-SHADE 45/0 reflectometer), with the test surface illuminated from an angle of 45 ° and the intensity of the scattered light measured perpendicularly (ie 0 °) . The data is recorded in a gray scale, where black is 0% and white is 100%. Only shade is measured, regardless of color, and is referred to as whiteness. Reflective coatings of the present invention have a value that is greater than or equal to 55%. Preferred coatings have a value that is greater than or equal to 65%, for example, 65% to 85%.
    [0037] [037] The protective coating layer comprises inorganic filler material and white pigment. The volume fraction, in the protective coating layer, of filler material plus white pigment as a% by volume of total solids is referred to as the pigment volume concentration (PVC, from the English “Pigment Volume Concentration”) and is 30% to 80%. The preferred PVC is 40% to 70%. A more preferred PVC is 50% to 65%.
    [0038] [038] Suitable inorganic fillers include calcium carbonate, silica, diatomaceous earth, barites, magnesium silicates, talc, clay, and alumina trihydrate, and mixtures of two or more of these materials. White fillers are preferred. Calcium carbonate is a preferred inorganic filler. The average particle size of the charge material is 1 µm to 50 µm, preferably 3 µm to 25 µm.
    [0039] [039] White pigments are included to increase the reflectivity of the protective coating. A pigment that efficiently disperses visible light, thus conferring whiteness, brightness and opacity, when incorporated into a coating is preferred. Preferred pigments include titanium dioxide, antimony oxide, zinc sulfide, and zinc oxide. A hollow sphere organic pigment, Ropaque, produced by Rohm and Haas, can also be used. Titanium dioxide is most preferred. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and other white pigments opacify paint films mainly reflecting light diffusely. This reflection occurs because the white pigment spreads or bends light strongly. If there is enough white pigment in a paint film, almost all of the visible light bouncing off it (except for a small amount absorbed by the vehicle or pigment) will be reflected, and the film will appear opaque, white and shiny. The% by volume of white pigment, as a% by volume of filler material plus white pigment is 5% to 30%.
    [0040] [040] In general, the dry coating weight of the protective coating (layer C) will be about 20 g / m2 to 90 g / m2 on a dry solids basis, preferably about 40 g / m2 to 70 g / m2. m2 on a dry solids basis. Typically, layer C will have a (dry) thickness of about 0.005 to 0.10 mm, preferably about 0.008 to 0.08 mm, more preferably about 0.01 to 0.05 mm.
    [0041] [041] The protective coating can optionally contain normal additives, such as light absorbers (for example, carbon black, benzo-triazoles, etc.), light stabilizers (ie, hindered amines, benzophenones) , additives for concrete (for example, adjustment accelerators, adjustment retarders, superplasticizers, water reducers, wrinkle reducers, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, etc.), dispersants, defoamers, antioxidants (for example, hindered phenols), and their mixtures. Preferred protective coatings will contain light stabilizers and light absorbers.
    [0042] [042] Layer D comprises a releasable material 8. The releasable material can be any suitable material that will adhere strongly to the protective coating 6, but that will releasably adhere (for example, minimally adhere or not adhere) to the carrier sheet 2. In other words, the releasable material 8 (layer D) must be able to be easily removed from the carrier sheet 2 (layer A), when the membrane is unrolled. This means that the adhesion of layer D to layer A must be substantially less than the adhesion of layer D to layer C (and also less than the adhesion of layer C to layer B) when the membrane is unrolled. Typically, layer D will have a (dry) thickness of about 0.1 to 20 µm, preferably about 0.5 to 15 µm, more preferably 1 to 10 µm.
    [0043] [043] In a preferred embodiment, the release material (layer D) comprises nanoscale amorphous silica and a polymeric binder. Nanoscale silica typically has a particle size of 0.1 to 100 nm, preferably 1 to 50 nm, more preferably 5 to 30 nm. It has been found that amorphous silica at the nanoscale provides for the maintenance of a good bond between the membrane and cast concrete against it after immersion in water. To test this advantageous property, the concrete is molded against a membrane strip and allowed to cure for seven days. The whole is then immersed in water for 30 days. Bonding to concrete after a period of water immersion is measured and compared with that of a joint that has not been immersed in water. Without being limited by theory, nanoscale amorphous silica particles are believed to form hydration products in an alkaline medium, such as concrete comprising Portland cement. The formation of hydration products during the curing process probably increases the bond of the membrane to the concrete cast against it. The use of nanoscale amorphous silica in the releasable material (layer D) also provides greater blocking resistance (ie, lower adhesion to the carrier sheet (layer A)), as well as greater skid resistance (that is, slip resistance for applicators walking on the wet membrane). Preferably, the weight of the coating (on the membrane surface) of the layer of release material, comprising nanoscale silica plus gloss, is 1 g / m2 to 15 g / m2, preferably 2 g / m2 to 10 g / m2 , more preferably 3 g / m2 to 6 g / m2.
    [0044] [044] The bonding agent for use in the releasable material layer may include a water-soluble polymer, an alkaline soluble polymer, or a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer or copolymer. The polymer binder must be soluble or dispersible in water, because the aqueous mixture of the silica dispersion and a binder is required to produce the layer of release material. Preferred binders include polyvinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion such as that produced by Celanese under the trade name Dur-O-Set and polyvinyl alcohol. The volume percentage of silica, as a percentage of silica plus polymer binder, is 30% to 90%, preferably 60% to 90%.
    [0045] [045] Nanoscale amorphous aqueous silica dispersions are sold by W.R. Grace & Co. under the brand Ludox®. The nanoscale silica particles in Ludox colloidal silica are discrete uniform silica spheres with no detectable porosity or crystallinity. Most are dispersed in an alkaline medium, which reacts with the silica surface to produce a negative charge. Due to the negative charge, the particles repel, resulting in stable products at pH 8 - 11. Some grades contain silica with surfaces specially modified to give broader stability (pH 4-11). During drying, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the particles condense, dividing water to form siloxa-no (Si-O-Si) bonds, resulting in coalescence and interconnection. The particle size ranges from 5 nm (nanometers) to 30 nm.
    [0046] [046] As mentioned above, the binder can include a water-soluble polymer, an alkaline soluble polymer, or a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer or copolymer.
    [0047] [047] In one embodiment, the binder can comprise a water-soluble polymer. Suitable water-soluble polymers can include polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyethylene oxide (PEO), water-soluble cellulosic polymers (e.g. hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose), hydrolyzed maleic anhydride polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, , polysulfoethyl acrylate, poly (2-hydroxyethylacrylate), polyacrylamide, poly (acrylic acid) and their alkali metal salts, natural or synthetically modified polysaccharides, proteins, alginates, xanthan gums, and guar gums. The preferred water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
    [0048] [048] In another embodiment, the binder may comprise an alkaline soluble polymer. An alkaline soluble polymer is defined as a polymer that is insoluble at pH below 5 and soluble, or at least partially soluble or swellable, above pH 8. An alkaline soluble polymer is a preferred material for the binder because it improves the adhesion to concrete. Without being bound by any theory, it is postulated that when concrete is molded against the soluble alkaline polymer, it can dissolve, partially dissolve, swell, or partially swell by reacting the hydrophilic monomers with alkaline species such as calcium hydroxide inside of the concrete. The polymer layer can diffuse or partially diffuse in the concrete and bond to the concrete when it fits.
    [0049] [049] The alkaline soluble polymer can comprise one or more hydrophobic monomers and one or more hydrophobic monomers. Hydrophilic monomers are selected from a list including maleic anhydride, a combination of maleic anhydride and a mono-ester / monocarboxylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and vinyl phenol. Hydrophobic monomers are selected from a list including acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, alkenes, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, vinyl chloride, and octadecene.
    [0050] [050] A preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer includes copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride, such as those manufactured by Sartomer. The ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride ranges from 1: 1 to 8: 1. The average molecular weight in number ranges from 2000 to 12,000. Most preferred is SMA 3000 with a 3: 1 styrene: maleic anhydride ratio.
    [0051] [051] Another type of preferred alkaline soluble polymer includes copolymers of styrene, maleic anhydride and mono-ester / monocarboxylic acid (eg maleic anhydride semi-ester) such as those manufactured by Sartomer. The acid value in milligrams of KOH per gram of polymer ranges from 90 to 300. The average molecular weight in number ranges from 2000 to 6000. Most preferred are SMA 2625 and SMA 3840.
    [0052] [052] Another preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer includes acrylic acid and styrene and / or alpha-methyl styrene-type polymers manufactured by BASF under the trade name Joncryl. The most preferred are Joncryl 680 and Joncryl 682.
    [0053] [053] An additional preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer includes hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose reaction products, such as those manufactured by Shin-Etsu under the trade name AQOAT. The most preferred is AQOAT ASHG. This is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose succinate acetate.
    [0054] [054] Another preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer includes copolymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, such as those manufactured by Evonik under the trade name EUDRAGIT®. The most preferred is EUDRAGIT ® S 100.
    [0055] [055] Another preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer includes acrylic acid copolymer - ethyl acrylate - methyl methacrylate, such as those manufactured by Lubri-zol under the trade name Avalure. The most preferred is Avalure 315. Another preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid. This is commercially available from Lubri-zol as Carboset 526. An additional preferred type of alkaline soluble polymer is a copolymer of ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid. This is commercially available from Lubrizol as Carboset 525.
    [0056] [056] Another example of an alkaline soluble polymer is a rosin acid. Yet another example of an alkaline soluble polymer is a phenolic resin, such as a condensation product of phenol and formaldehyde. Suitable phenolic resins include phenolic novolac resins such as those manufactured by Georgia-Pacific. Most preferred is Georgia-Pacific CK-2400 resin.
    [0057] [057] Therefore, a preferred alkaline soluble polymer can be selected from the group consisting of copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride, copolymers of styrene, maleic anhydride and maleic anhydride semi-ester, copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene and / or alpha-methyl styrene, hydro-droxypropyl methylcellulose succinate, copolymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, copolymers of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate copolymers, methacrylate and acrylate a rosin acid, phenolic resins, and combinations of one or more of these.
    [0058] [058] The releasable coating material comprising nanoscale (colloidal) silica and an alkaline soluble polymer is preferably applied as a mixture of an alkaline solution of the polymer and colloidal silica. The preferred base for producing an alkaline soluble polymer solution is aqueous ammonia.
    [0059] [059] In another (and most preferred) embodiment, the binder can comprise a homopolymer or a copolymer of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). Polyvinylacetate homopolymer emulsions are produced by Celanese under the trade name Dur-O-Set ®.
    [0060] [060] The proposed mechanism by which polyvinyl acetate homopolymer binds to concrete cast against it is slightly different from the above proposed mechanism for bonding copolymers comprising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, phenol vinyl, or maleic anhydride. Although not linked to any theory, it is believed that polyvinyl acetate hydrolyzes to form polyvinyl alcohol, while in contact with highly alkaline concrete. The water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol dissolves in the concrete and becomes closely bound to the concrete, once the concrete has been fixed. Since polyvinyl acetate is not easily hydrolyzed at a lower pH, for example pH 7, it cannot be washed by rain. The polyvinyl acetate binder is also non-sticky and will not bond well to the carrier sheet (layer A), thus allowing easy unwinding of the membrane and eliminating the need for a release liner.
    [0061] [061] The binder can also comprise a vinyl acetate copolymer (i.e., polyvinyl acetate copolymer). Such copolymers preferably have a glass transition temperature of 5 ° C or more, more preferably 10 ° C or more. These copolymers preferably comprise at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, of vinyl acetate.
    [0062] [062] Vinyl acetate copolymers include vinyl acetate copolymers with ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymers with acrylic esters, including methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and ethylhexyl acrylate, copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl laurate.
    [0063] [063] Copolymers of vinyl acetate and acrylic ester are available from several commercial sources, including, for example, UCAR 162 and UCAR 357 (Dow Chemical) and Flexbond ® 325 and FLEXBOND ® 381 (Air Products). Copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene with high vinyl acetate content are available from Air Products under the trade name Airflex ®. Copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate are available from Celanese under the trade names Celvolit 2456 and Mowilith LDM 2110.
    [0064] [064] Releasable material comprising nanoscale (colloidal) silica and an aqueous emulsion of homopolymer or polyvinyl acetate copolymer can be applied to a mesh in a continuous process.
    [0065] [065] A suitable process for the manufacture of a waterproofing membrane of the present invention comprises the steps of: (S1) coat the release material (layer D) on a plastic film and dry; (S2) coat the protective coating (layer C) on the release material (layer D), dry and roll it up; (S3) coat the waterproofing adhesive (layer B) on the carrier sheet (layer A); (S4) unrolling the three-layer roll comprising layer C, layer D, and the plastic film and laminating layer C to layer B; and (S5) remove the plastic film from layer D and roll up the four-layer construction comprising layer D, layer C, layer B, and layer A in a roll (layer A is outside the roll) .
    [0066] [066] Releasable material 8 (layer D) (for example, as a mixture of colloidal silica and an aqueous emulsion or an aqueous solution of the binder, depending on the type of binder) can be applied to the plastic film by any of a variety of applicators, including helical dispenser, roller coating machine, sectional coating machine, rotogravure, or slot die coating machine. If the plastic film is not very smooth, a coating machine slot die is preferred in order to apply a coating of uniform thickness. The coated release material is typically dried in a forced hot air oven.
    [0067] [067] Protective coating 6 (layer C) can be applied to release material 8 (layer D) by any of a variety of applicators, including helical doser, roller coating machine, sectional coating machine, gravure, or slot die coating machine. If the carrier sheet is not very smooth, such as an extrusion-coated fabric, a slot die coating machine is preferred, in order to apply a protective coating of uniform thickness. The coated protective coating is typically dried in a forced hot air oven. The protective coating can be applied as a solution comprising an organic solvent, polymer, pigment and filler material (ie particulate inorganic material), or as a 100% solids composition, comprising polymer, pigment and filler An organic solvent composition is preferred.
    [0068] [068] Waterproofing adhesive 4 (layer B) can be applied as a hot melt, an organic solvent-based coating, or an aqueous coating. Hot melt coating is preferred. A hot melt coating can be applied by a notch mold, sectional coating machine or hot melt coating machine. Coatings based on solvent or water can be applied by the same methods, as well as the helical dispenser.
    [0069] [069] When the waterproofing membrane roll is unwound, the release material (layer D) is released from the carrier sheet (layer A) and remains attached to the protective coating (layer C), which is now adhered to the adhesive ( layer B). Thus, after unwinding, the membrane has its layers arranged in the order D-C-B-A (with layer A on the bottom layer and D facing upwards). This is a particularly unique feature of the present invention. Unwinding is affected without the need for a silicone-treated surface and or a separate silicone-coated release liner. The first and the last to unfold from the roll may need to be discarded. Examples
    [0070] [070] The invention can be further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In these examples, the following materials are used: HyTemp ® 4051 acrylic rubber (Tg -18 ° C) Ludox ® AS 40 amorphous colloidal silica dispersion (40% solids, average particle size 22 nm) Dur-O-Set C-310 ® is a 55% solid polyvinyl acetate emulsion (Celanese). Celvol ® 203-24 is a 24% solution of polyvinyl alcohol solids and water Tinuvin ® 292 is a hindered amine light stabilizer (Ciba-Geigy). Dispers-AYD ® 15 is a dispersant Calcium carbonate with an average particle size of 5 µm Titanium dioxide Ethyl acetate Heptane UCAR ® 123 is an acrylic emulsion Rhoplex ® 1791 is an acrylic emulsion Acronal ® S400 is a styrene acrylic emulsion Acronal ® 567 is a styrene acrylic emulsion ADVA 190 is a dispersant Tamol 165 is a dispersant RM 825 is a thickening agent KTPP is potassium pyrophosphate Tinuvin ® 400 DW is a UV absorber
    [0071] [071] In addition, the following test procedures are used:
    [0072] [072] Bonding to Concrete: Since waterproofing membranes are normally exposed to sunlight before concrete is cast, it is highly desirable that such membranes maintain their ability to adhere to concrete after exposure. Adhesion of the membranes to the concrete is tested by molding the concrete against the outer face (ie the layer of releasable material) of 2 in x 6 in (5 cm x 15 cm) of membrane samples, allowing the concrete to cure for seven days, then measuring peel adhesion with an Instron mechanical tester at a 90 ° peel angle and a peel rate of 2 in (5 cm) / min. Bonding to concrete is measured for samples not exposed to UV radiation (initial) and in samples exposed to UV radiation before molding concrete, where exposure to UV radiation uses the accelerated EMMAQUA test in which the exposure corresponds to the equivalent of one month of UV exposure (28mj) or two months of UV exposure (56mj).
    [0073] [073] The blocking resistance: Since the waterproofing membranes are normally wound on a roll, it is highly desirable to ensure that one surface of the membrane (ie the layer of release material) does not adhere strongly to the other surface of the membrane ( that is, the carrier sheet). Otherwise, it will be difficult to unwind the roll. To test the blocking resistance, a 16 mil (0.4 mm) layer of HDPE is placed on the outer surface (that is, the layer of release material) of a 1.25 in x 7 in (3.175 membrane sample) cm x 17.78 cm), 5 psi (70 g / cm2) of load is placed on top, then this set is placed in an oven at 150 ° F (66 ° C) for 10 days. After cooling to room temperature, each sample is tested with a T-shell test using an Instron mechanical tester using a crosshead speed of 2 in (5 cm) / min. Blockage is measured as pounds per linear inch (pli).
    [0074] [074] Water Immersion: Since waterproofing membranes can be immersed in water after they have been launched against concrete, it is highly desirable that such membranes maintain their ability to adhere to concrete after exposure. An extremely severe test was designed to illustrate the exceptional performance of membranes of the present invention. Adhesion of membranes to concrete is tested by molding concrete on the outer face (the layer of releasable material) of 0.5 in x 6 in (1.3 cm x 15 cm) of membrane samples, allowing the concrete to cure for seven days, immersing the set in water for 30 days, followed by peel adhesion measurement with an Instron mechanical tester at a 90 ° peel angle and a peel rate of 2 in (5 cm) / min. Water can seep between any of the interfaces in the assembly, including concrete interface / release material layer, release material interface / protective coating, or pressure sensitive adhesive / protective coating interface. This test is considered severe because, under normal conditions of use of the membrane, these interfaces would not be exposed to water infiltration.
    [0075] [075] Coatings: coatings used to prepare the membranes are described below. The substantially surfactant-free protective coating (layer C) used for all membranes of the invention comprises 7% acrylic rubber (HyTemp ® 4051), 34.7% calcium carbonate, 5% titanium dioxide, 2% Tinuvin ® 292, 0.3% Dispers-AYD ® 15, and 51% organic solvent (3/1 ethyl acetate / heptane). The dry (solvent-free) coating has a pigment volume (PVC) concentration of 61.4. This is referred to as the coating number P1 in the results of the tables below.
    [0076] [076] For the purposes of comparison, a number of protective coatings comprising surfactant are formulated with the aqueous polymer emulsions, as shown in Table 1 below, and identified as P2c to P6c.
    [0077] [077] Comparative protective coatings P2c to P6c are prepared first by preparing a pigment mill comprising water dispersant, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate at 2500 rpm with a Cowles' dissolver, with a 3 inch blade. The KTPP solution is then added and mixed for 5 minutes at low speed. The remaining ingredients are added and mixed at low speed for 5 minutes.
    [0078] [078] Three different coatings are used for the release material (layer D). The first consists of 25% Dur-O-Set ® C-310 and 75% water. The dry (water-free) coating has a zero pigment volume concentration. This is referred to in the tables below as PVAc. The second comprises 30.8% Ludox ® AS 40, 7.7% Dur-O-Set ® C-310, and 61.5% water. It has a volume pigment concentration of 62 and is referred to in the tables below as PV Ac-silica. The third comprises 46.7% of Ludox AS ® 40, 6.7% of the 24% polyvinyl alcohol solution (Celvol 203 ®), and 46.7% of water. This has a volume pigment concentration of 87 and is referred to in the following tables as PVOH-silica.
    [0079] [079] Membrane preparation: To prepare a membrane, the release material (layer D) is coated with a 4 mil (0.1 mm) HDPE film not treated with a helical doser. The rod is selected to achieve the desired coating weight. The coated sheet is dried for 5 minutes in an oven at 150 ° F (66 ° C). The protective coating (layer C) is coated over the layer of dry release material with a lifting bar. The interval for the lift bar is selected to achieve the desired coating weight. The coated sheet is dried for 5 minutes in a 150 ° F (66 ° C) oven to produce a three-layer laminate comprising a protective coating layer, a release material layer, and HDPE film.
    [0080] [080] A 16 mil (0.4 mm) sheet of HDPE is coated with 15 mil (0.38 mm) of pressure sensitive adhesive based on SIS (formulation shown below).
    [0081] [081] The adhesive face of this coating sheet is applied to the protective coating layer in the three-layer laminate described above, to produce a five-layer construction comprising HDPE carrier sheet, pressure sensitive waterproofing adhesive, protective coating layer, layer of release material, and HDPE film. The HDPE film is unrolled from the five-layer construction, so that the highly releasable material is easily released from the HDPE film, leaving a four-layer structure comprising HDPE carrier sheet, waterproofing adhesive, protective coating, and released material.
    [0082] [082] The results of initial bonding to concrete, bonding to concrete after one month of immersion in water, including failure mode, and blocking resistance are listed in Table 3 below.
    [0083] [083] Formulations 1 to 6 comprise a protective coating (layer C) that is substantially free of surfactant and comprise a release material (layer D) that includes nanoscale silica. These formulations have an excellent initial bond to concrete and very good blocking resistance (no less than 0.1 µl is acceptable). Formulations 4, 5 and 6 also exhibit exceptional retention of binding to concrete after one month of immersion in water. Even though the layer of release material comprises a water-soluble polymer (polyvinyl alcohol), a high level of nanoscale silica provides a good bond to the concrete and the protective coating layer. Although not tested, it is expected that formulations 1, 2 and 3 likewise exhibit a good bond to concrete after immersion in water. Formulations that comprise polyvinyl alcohol alone in the release material layer have not been tested because the membrane surface is slippery when wet, which makes the membrane in some way undesirable from a commercial point of view. This disadvantage is remedied by the addition of nanoscale silica to the released material layer.
    [0084] [084] In contrast to the above, comparative examples C9 to C14 include a surfactant in the protective coating layer (since they were all formulated with aqueous polymer emulsions) and exhibit poor retention of binding to concrete after immersion in water. The failure occurs at the interface (C / B) between the protective coating (layer C) and the adhesive (layer B). Presumably, water diffuses to this interface due to the hydrophilic nature of the protective coating resulting from the presence of the surfactant. Comparative Examples C1 to C8 comprise a relatively surfactant-free polymer in the protective coating. However, these examples do not comprise nanoscale silica in the release layer. The failure occurs at the interface (D / cc) between the release material (layer D) and concrete (cc). Presumably, water diffuses to this interface because of the hydrophilic nature of the layer of release material.
    [0085] [085] Modalities of the invention also exhibit a good bond to concrete after exposure to UV rays. For example, formulation 6 exhibited a 10.5 pli, 12.1 pli and 8.0 pli bond to concrete after exposure to 0, 28 and 56 mj, respectively, of UV radiation before molding concrete against the membrane.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    Waterproofing membrane CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the following laminated layers: layer A comprising a carrier sheet; layer B comprising a waterproofing adhesive; layer C comprising a protective coating, wherein the protective coating is substantially surfactant-free and comprises an acrylic or methacrylic polymer or copolymer, an inorganic filler and a white pigment; the protective coating having a penetration ≦ 20 dmm and a reflectivity greater than or equal to 55% as measured by a reflectometer perpendicular to a surface illuminated at an angle of 45 °, and where the protective coating has a pigment concentration in volume in load terms plus white pigment in the range of 30% to 80%; and layer D comprising a releasable material, wherein the releasable material comprises nanoscale amorphous silica and a polymeric binder; wherein the laminated layers are arranged in the ABCD sequential order.
    [0002]
    Waterproofing membrane CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the following laminated layers: layer A comprising a carrier sheet; layer B comprising a waterproofing adhesive; layer C comprising a protective coating, wherein the protective coating is substantially surfactant-free so that the amount of surfactant is, by weight of polymer in layer C, from 0 to 1.0%, and comprises an acrylic polymer or copolymer or methacrylic, an inorganic filler and a white pigment; and layer D comprising a releasable material, wherein the releasable material comprises nanoscale amorphous silica, where the nanoscale silica has a particle size of 0.1 nm to 150 nm, and a polymeric binder; wherein the laminated layers are arranged in the ABCD sequential order.
    [0003]
    Waterproofing membrane according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the nanoscale silica is present in an amount of 30% to 90% by volume of the silica plus the polymeric binder.
    [0004]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the nanoscale silica has a particle size of 0.1 nm to 150 nm.
    [0005]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the protective coating has a reflectivity of 65% to 85%, and in which the pigment concentration in volume is 40% to 70%, with based on the total solids of the protective coating.
    [0006]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the polymeric binder in the release material comprises a water-soluble polymer, an alkali-soluble polymer or a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer or copolymer.
    [0007]
    Waterproofing membrane according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the polymeric binder comprises a water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyethylene oxide (PEO), cellulosic polymers soluble in water, including hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydrolyzed maleic anhydride polymers and copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sulfonated polystyrene, polysulfoethyl acrylate, poly (2-hydroxyethylacrylate), polyacrylamide, poly (acrylic acid) and its (acrylic acid) metals alkaline, natural or synthetically modified polysaccharides, proteins, alginates, xanthan gums and guar gums.
    [0008]
    Waterproofing membrane, according to claim 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the polymeric binder comprises polyvinyl alcohol.
    [0009]
    Waterproofing membrane according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the polymeric binder comprises an alkali-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride, copolymers of styrene, maleic anhydride and semi -ester of maleic anhydride, copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene and / or alpha-methyl styrene, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose succinate, copolymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, copolymers of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid, a rosin acid, a phenolic resin, and combinations of one or more of these.
    [0010]
    Waterproofing membrane according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the polymeric binder comprises a homopolymer or copolymer of polyvinyl acetate.
    [0011]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the transport sheet (layer A) has a thickness of 0.05 to 2.0 mm, the waterproofing adhesive (layer B) has a thickness of 0.07 to 2.0 mm, the protective coating (layer C) has a thickness of 0.008 to 0.08 mm, and the release material (layer D) has a thickness of 0.5 to 15 μm.
    [0012]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 11, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the protective coating (layer C) has a dry coating weight of 20 g / m2 to 90 g / m2, on a dry solids basis ; and wherein the release material (layer D) has a dry coating weight of 1 g / m2 to 15 g / m2.
    [0013]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 12, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the load on the protective coating is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, silica, diatomaceous earth, barites, magnesium silicates, talc, clay and alumina trihydrate, and mixtures of two or more of these materials.
    [0014]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 13, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the white pigment in the protective coating comprises titanium dioxide, and in which the percentage by volume of white pigment comprises 5% to 30% by volume of charge more white pigment.
    [0015]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the carrier sheet comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-olefin copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, acetate polyvinyl, polyethyl acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride or a combination of two or more of these materials.
    [0016]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the waterproofing adhesive comprises a synthetic pressure sensitive adhesive or a rubber-modified bitumen pressure sensitive adhesive.
    [0017]
    Waterproofing membrane according to claim 16, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the waterproofing adhesive comprises a synthetic pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a butyl rubber-based adhesive, a polyisobutylene-based adhesive, a base-based adhesive butyl, an acrylic-based adhesive, a vinyl ether-based adhesive, a styrene-isoprene-styrene-based adhesive (SIS), a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene-based adhesive (SEBS), a styrene-butadiene-styrene adhesive (SBS), a styrene-butadiene rubber-based adhesive (SBR), or a combination of two or more of these materials.
    [0018]
    Waterproofing membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 17, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the membrane is free of a removable release sheet.
    [0019]
    Method for waterproofing a concrete structure CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the application of a waterproofing membrane, as defined in any of claims 1 to 18, to a construction substrate or concrete form, with the release material (layer D) of said membrane facing the area where the concrete will be cast, and casting the concrete in such a way that it comes in contact with the release material of the membrane.
    [0020]
    Method of manufacturing a waterproofing membrane, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 18, said membrane comprising a carrier sheet (layer A), waterproofing adhesive (layer B), a protective coating (layer C) and a releasable material (layer D), the method CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the following steps: (S1) coat the release material (layer D) on a plastic film and dry; (S2) coat the protective coating (layer C) on the release material (layer D), dry and roll it up; (S3) coat the waterproofing adhesive (layer B) on the carrier sheet (layer A); (S4) unwinding the three-layer roll comprising layer C, layer D and the plastic film, and laminating layer C to layer B; and (S5) remove the plastic film from layer D and wrap the four-layer construction comprising layer D, layer C, layer B and layer A in a roll, where layer A is located outside the roll.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    TW201331029A|2013-08-01|
    US20150052847A1|2015-02-26|
    WO2013063197A1|2013-05-02|
    HK1204799A1|2015-12-04|
    MX352527B|2017-11-29|
    TR201903821T4|2019-04-22|
    TWI581965B|2017-05-11|
    CN104204378A|2014-12-10|
    EP2771522B1|2019-03-06|
    AU2012328830B2|2017-05-25|
    US9476196B2|2016-10-25|
    MX2014004841A|2014-05-27|
    BR112014009948A2|2018-09-04|
    CA2852540C|2019-05-28|
    CA2852540A1|2013-05-02|
    CN104204378B|2017-02-22|
    AU2012328830A1|2014-06-05|
    PL2771522T3|2019-07-31|
    EP2771522A1|2014-09-03|
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-27| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Ipc: E04B 1/66 (2006.01), B32B 5/02 (2006.01), B32B 11/ |
    2018-10-02| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: GCP APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES INC. (US) |
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-12| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-02| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/10/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161551092P| true| 2011-10-25|2011-10-25|
    US61/551,092|2011-10-25|
    PCT/US2012/061802|WO2013063197A1|2011-10-25|2012-10-25|Waterproofing membrane|
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