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    • 专利摘要:
    method performed by a zone controller for a zone of a building to improve energy efficiency in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning system, zone controller for a zone of a building, and non-transient computer-readable medium coded with instructions executables. The present invention relates to a method performed by a zone controller (410) for a zone of a building to improve energy efficiency in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (hvac) system (412d). the method includes operating in one on one ventilation mode. a zone temperature and outside air conditions to the building are monitored. a determination is made as to whether to switch from ventilation mode to economy mode based on outside air conditions. the first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint for temperature that is different from the first setpoint. a determination is made as to whether to activate the hvac system (412d) based on the second setpoint.
    公开号:BR112014007767B1
    申请号:R112014007767-3
    申请日:2012-09-27
    公开日:2021-08-31
    发明作者:Colin Bester；Robert Bartmess
    申请人:Siemens Industry, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [0001] The present invention relates, in general, to building systems and, more particularly, to a method and system to improve energy efficiency in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. BACKGROUND OF THE DESCRIPTION
    [0002] Building automation systems encompass a wide variety of systems that assist in monitoring and controlling various aspects of a building's operation. Building automation systems include security systems, fire safety systems, lighting systems and HVAC systems. The elements of a building automation system are widely dispersed throughout a facility. For example, an HVAC system can include temperature sensors and ventilation damper controls, as well as other elements, which are located in virtually every area of a facility. These building automation systems typically have one or more centralized control stations from which system data can be monitored and various aspects of system operation can be controlled and/or monitored.
    [0003] To allow monitoring and control of dispersed control system elements, building automation systems often employ multilevel communication networks to communicate operational and/or alarm information between operational elements, such as sensors and actuators, and from the centralized control station. An example of a building automation system is the Site Controls Controller, available from Siemens Industry, Inc. Building Technologies Division of Buffalo Grove, I11. ("Siemens"). In this system, multiple control stations connected via an Ethernet or other type of network can be distributed across one or more building locations, each having the ability to monitor and control the operation of the system.
    [0004] Maintaining indoor air quality in commercial buildings requires that outdoor (fresh) air be provided in accordance with building codes and industry standards. Most retail locations have HVAC systems statically configured to meet maximum occupancy levels. Because buildings are rarely fully occupied, the HVAC system expends energy heating, cooling, and dehumidifying this excess amount of outside air. In many applications, the HVAC fan is programmed to run 24/7 regardless of heating or cooling requirements or occupancy levels, wasting more energy. SUMMARY OF DESCRIPTION
    [0005] This description describes a method and system for improving energy efficiency in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system.
    [0006] According to an embodiment of the description, a method is performed by a zone controller for a zone of a building to improve energy efficiency in an HVAC system. The method includes operating in a ventilation mode. A zone temperature and outdoor air conditions for the building are monitored. A determination is made regarding switching from ventilation mode to economizer mode based on a first zone temperature setpoint and based on outside air conditions. The first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint for the temperature that is different from the first setpoint. A determination is made regarding activating the HVAC system based on the second setpoint.
    [0007] According to another embodiment of the description, a zone controller for a zone of a building includes a memory and a processor. Memory is configured to store a subsystem application. The processor is coupled to memory. Based on the subsystem application, the processor is configured to operate in one of a ventilation mode and an economy mode. The processor is also configured to monitor a zone temperature and outside air conditions for the building. The processor is also configured to switch from fan mode to economizer mode based on a first setpoint for the zone temperature and based on outside air conditions. The first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint for the temperature that is different from the first setpoint. The processor is also configured to activate an HVAC system based on the second setpoint.
    [0008] According to yet another embodiment of the description, a non-transient computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium is encoded with executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more data processing systems in a zone controller for a zone of a building to operate in one of a ventilation mode and an economy mode, to monitor a zone temperature and outside air conditions for the building, to determine whether to switch from ventilation mode to economizer mode based on a first setpoint for the zone temperature and based on outside air conditions , and to activate an HVAC system based on a second setpoint for temperature. The first setpoint is determined based on the second setpoint and is different from the second setpoint.
    [0009] Other technical features may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following figures and descriptions.
    [00010] Before beginning the detailed description below, it may be advantageous to set out definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document: the terms "include" and "comprise", as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation ; the term "or" is inclusive, meaning and/or; the phrases "associated with" and "associated with it", as well as their derivatives, may mean include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple with or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, intersperse, juxtapose, be close to, be linked to or with, have, have an ownership of, or the like; and the term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation, whether such device is implemented in hardware, firmware, software or some combination of at least two thereof. It should be noted that functionality associated with any particular controller can be centralized or distributed, either locally or remotely. Definitions for certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document, and those skilled in the art will understand that such definitions are applicable in many, if not most, cases to prior uses as well as future uses of such defined words or phrases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [00011] For a more complete understanding of the present description, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like numbers designate similar objects, and in which:
    [00012] Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a building automation system in which the energy efficiency of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system can be improved in accordance with the present description; Figure 2 illustrates details of one of the field panels of Figure 1 in accordance with the present description; Figure 3 illustrates details of one of the field controllers of Figure 1 in accordance with the present description; Figure 4 illustrates a part of a building automation system, such as the system of Figure 1, which is capable of improving the energy efficiency of an HVAC system in accordance with the present description; and Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving energy efficiency in an HVAC system in accordance with the present description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [00013] Figures 1 to 5, described below, and the various modalities used to describe the principles of the present description in this patent document are for illustration only and should not be interpreted in any way to limit the scope of the description. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present description can be implemented in any suitably arranged device or system.
    [00014] Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) systems vary the amount of outside air supplied to a commercial building based on occupancy. Older heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems require a costly damper upgrade, or replacement of total units, in order to support conventional DCV. Recently, intelligent DCV (IDCV) was developed to allow both new and legacy HVAC systems to adjust in real-time the amount of outside air based on actual occupancy levels, to improve air quality in wet climates, and to eliminate the wasted fan energies. This IDCV provides significant annual HVAC energy savings. In addition, IDCV can be installed at a much lower cost than upgrading or replacing a unit.
    [00015] ANSI/ASHRAE 62.1-2004 provides source requirements for CVD widely adopted by government agencies. Without an actual occupancy measure, compliance with regulations is only ensured when the outdoor air mix is preset to 100% occupancy. In the case of unoccupied retail space, such as after hours, the requirement for outside air is 0%. Energy management systems therefore put all RTU fans in AUTO mode during non-occupied hours so that the fans only work if calling for heating or cooling. During busy hours, however, existing DCV solutions can provide a measure of occupancy by measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) or other contaminant levels in each roof unit (RTU). This allows RTUs equipped with an economizer (or a complementary motorized damper) to close their outdoor damper when outside air is not needed due to low levels of contaminants, generating significant annual energy savings compared to 100-based operating systems. % occupancy.
    [00016] However, there are several operational limitations with conventional DCV systems, such as applicability only to newer RTUs equipped with added motorized economizers or dampers, failed dampers that can go unnoticed for months, inefficiencies related to fans running non-stop for hours occupied and higher RTU maintenance costs. While still implementing DCV based on entry-level contaminants, the IDCV option addresses these limitations, while capturing additional cost savings and reducing operational risks. With IDCV, contamination levels are monitored globally and a sophisticated control algorithm is applied to the RTUs in a building, including older units built without a motorized outdoor air economizer or damper. For RTUs without an economizer, the fans are switched between AUTO and ON modes to control the level of contaminants in accordance with ASHRAE standards. The RTU fans are controlled in a coordinated manner to reduce peak loads, while still circulating in-store air to ensure the comfort of employees and customers. Therefore, IDCV offers numerous improvements over conventional CVD. However, for installations that implement both IDCV and conventional DCV, no further improvement in energy efficiency can result in significant cost savings.
    [00017] Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a building automation system 100 in which the energy efficiency of an HVAC system can be improved in accordance with the present description. Building automation system 100 is an environmental control system configured to control at least one of a plurality of environmental parameters within a building, such as temperature, humidity, light and/or the like. For example, for a particular embodiment, the building automation system 100 may comprise the Site Control Controller building automation system which allows adjustment and/or alteration of various system controls. While a brief description of building automation system 100 is provided below, it should be understood that building automation system 100 described herein is only an example of a particular form or configuration for a building automation system and that system 100 can be implemented. in any other suitable form, without departing from the scope of this description.
    [00018] For the illustrated embodiment, the building automation system 100 comprises a site controller 102, a reporting server 104, a plurality of client stations 106a-c, a plurality of field panels 108a-b, a plurality of field controllers 110a-e and a plurality of field devices 112a-d. Although illustrated with three client stations 106, two field panels 108, five field controllers 110 and four field devices 112, it will be appreciated that system 100 may comprise any appropriate number of any of these components 106, 108, 110 and 112 based on the specific configuration for a given building.
    [00019] Site controller 102, which may comprise a general purpose computer or processor, is configured to provide full control and monitoring of building automation system 100. Site controller 102 may operate as a data server that is capable of exchanging data with the various elements of system 100. As such, site controller 102 can allow access to system data by various applications that can run on site controller 102 or other supervisory computers (not shown in figure 1).
    [00020] For example, site controller 102 may be able to communicate with other supervisory computers, Internet ports, or other ports to other external devices, as well as to additional network managers (which in turn may be connect to more subsystems via additional low-level data networks) via a management level network (MLN) 120. The site controller 102 can use the MLN 120 to exchange system data with other elements in the MLN 120 , such as reporting server 104 and one or more client stations 106. Reporting server 104 may be configured to generate reports relating to various aspects of system 100. Each client station 106 may be configured to communicate with the system 100 to receive information from and/or provide modifications to system 100 in any suitable manner. The MLN 120 may comprise an Ethernet or similar wired network and may employ TCP/IP, BACnet and/or other protocols that support high speed data communications.
    [00021] Site controller 102 can also be configured to accept modifications and/or other input from a user. This can be accomplished through a site controller 102 user interface or any other user interface that can be configured to communicate with site controller 102 over any suitable network or connection. The user interface can include a keyboard, touch screen, mouse, or other interface components. Site controller 102 is configured to, among other things, affect or change the operational data of field panels 108, as well as other components of system 100. Site controller 102 can use a building level network (BLN) 122 to exchanging system data with other elements in BLN 122, such as field panels 108.
    [00022] Each field panel 108 may include a general purpose processor and is configured to use the data and/or instructions of the site controller 102 to provide control of its one or more corresponding field controllers 110. location 102 is generally used to make modifications to one or more of the various components of building automation system 100, a field panel 108 may also be capable of providing certain modifications to one or more parameters of system 100. Each field panel 108 may using a field level network (FLN) 124 to exchange system data with other elements over the FLN 124, such as a subset of the field controllers 110 coupled to the field panel 108.
    [00023] Each field controller 110 may comprise a general purpose processor and may correspond to one of a plurality of localized standard building automation subsystems, such as building space temperature control subsystems, lighting control subsystems, or similar. For a particular modality, field controllers 110 may comprise the TCE (Terminal Equipment Controller) model available from Siemens. However, it will be understood that field controllers 110 may comprise any other suitable type of controllers without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    [00024] To perform control of its corresponding subsystem, each field controller 110 can be coupled to one or more field devices 112. Each field controller 110 is configured to use the data and/or instructions of its corresponding field panel 108 to provide control of their one or more corresponding field devices 112. For some embodiments, some of the field controllers 110 may control their subsystems based on sensed conditions and desired setpoint conditions. For these embodiments, these field controllers 110 can be configured to control the operation of one or more field devices 112 to attempt to bring the detected condition to the desired setpoint condition. It is noted that, in system 100, information from field devices 112 may be shared between field controllers 110, field panels 108, site controller 102 and/or any other elements or connected to system 100 .
    [00025] In order to facilitate the sharing of information between subsystems, groups of subsystems can be organized in an FLN 124. For example, the subsystems corresponding to field controllers 110a and 110b can be coupled to field panel 108a to form the FLN 124a. Each of the FLNs 124 can comprise a low-level data network that can employ any suitable open or proprietary protocol.
    [00026] Each 112 field device can be configured to measure, monitor and/or control various parameters of the building automation system 100. Examples of 112 field devices include lights, thermostats, temperature sensors, fans, damper actuators, heaters , chillers, alarms, HVAC devices, and many other types of field devices. Field devices 112 may be capable of receiving control signals from and/or sending signals to field controllers 110, field panels 108 and/or site controller 102 of building automation system 100. , building automation system 100 is capable of controlling various aspects of building operation by controlling and monitoring field devices 112.
    [00027] As illustrated in figure 1, any one of the field panels 108, such as the field panel 108a, can be directly coupled to one or more field devices 12, such as the field devices 112c and 112d. For this type of modality, field panel 108a can be configured to provide direct control of field devices 112c and 112d rather than control through one of field controllers 110a or 110b. Therefore, for this embodiment, the functions of a field controller 110 for one or more particular subsystems can be provided by a field panel 108, without the need for a field controller 110.
    [00028] Figure 2 illustrates details of one of the field panels 108, according to the present description. For this particular embodiment, field panel 108 includes a processor 202, a memory 204, an input/output (I/O) module 206, a communication module 208, a user interface 210, and a power module 212. Memory 204 comprises any suitable data store capable of storing data, such as instructions 220 and a database 222. It should be understood that field panel 108 may be implemented in any other suitable form without departing from the scope of the present description.
    [00029] Processor 202 is configured to operate field panel 108. Thus, processor 202 can be coupled to other components 204, 206, 208, 210 and 212 of field panel 108. Processor 202 can be configured to execute program instructions or program software or firmware stored in instructions 220 of memory 204, such as building automation system (BAS) application software 230. In addition to storing instructions 220, memory 204 may also store other data for use by the system 100 in database 222, such as various configuration records and files, graphical views and/or other information.
    [00030] The execution of the BAS 230 application by the processor 202 may result in control signals being sent to any field devices 112 that can be coupled to the field panel 108 through the I/O module 206 of the field panel 108. The execution of BAS application 230 may also result in processor 202 receiving status signals and/or other data signals from field devices 112 coupled to field panel 108 and storing associated data in memory 204. In one embodiment, the BAS application 230 may be provided by the Site Controls Controller software itself commercially available from Siemens Industry, Inc. However, it will be understood that the BAS 230 application may comprise any other suitable BAS control software.
    [00031] The I/O module 206 may include one or more input/output circuits that are configured to communicate directly with field devices 112. Thus, for some embodiments, the I/O module 206 comprises analog input circuits for receiving analog signals and an analog output circuit for providing the analog signals.
    [00032] The communication module 208 is configured to provide communication with the site controller 102, other field panels 108 and the other components on the BLN 122. The communication module 208 is also configured to provide communication to the controllers. field 10, as well as other components in the FLN 124 that is associated with the field panel 108. Thus, the communication module 208 may comprise a first port that can be coupled to the BLN 122 and a second port that can be coupled to the FLN 124 Each of the ports may include a standard RS-485 port circuit or other suitable port circuit.
    [00033] The field panel 108 may be able to be accessed locally through the interactive user interface 210. A user can control data collection from field devices 112 through the user interface 210. The user interface 210 field panel 108 may include devices that display data and receive input data. These devices can be permanently affixed to field panel 108 or portable and mobile. For some embodiments, the user interface 210 may comprise a screen of the LCD type or the like, and a keyboard. User interface 210 may be configured to both change and display information about field panel 108, such as status information and/or other data relating to function operation of and/or modifications to field panel 108.
    [00034] The 212 power module can be configured to supply power to the 108 field panel components. The 212 power module can operate on standard 120 volt AC electricity, other AC voltages, or DC power supplied by a battery or batteries.
    [00035] Figure 3 illustrates details of one of the field controllers 10 according to the present description. For this particular embodiment, field controller 110 comprises a processor 302, a memory 304, an input/output (I/O) module 306, a communication module 308, and a power module 312. field 110 may also comprise a user interface (not shown in figure 3) that is configured to change and/or display information about field controller 110. Memory 304 comprises any suitable data store capable of storing data such as instructions 320 and a database 322. It will be understood that the field controller 110 may be implemented in any other suitable form without departing from the scope of the present description. For some embodiments, field controller 110 can be positioned in, or in close proximity to, a building space where the temperature or other environmental parameter associated with the subsystem can be controlled with field controller 110.
    [00036] The 302 processor is configured to operate the 110 field controller. Thus, the 302 processor can be coupled to the other components 304, 306, 308 and 312 of the 110 field controller. programming program or software or firmware stored in instructions 320 of memory 304, such as application subsystem software 330. For a particular example, application subsystem 330 may comprise a temperature control application that is configured to control and process the data from all components of a temperature control subsystem, such as a temperature sensor, a damper actuator, fans, and various other field devices. In addition to storing instructions 320, memory 304 may also store other data for use by the subsystem in database 322, such as various configuration files and/or other information.
    [00037] The execution of application subsystem 330 by processor 302 can result in control signals being sent to all field devices 12 that can be coupled to field controller 110 through I/O module 306 of field controller 110 Execution of application subsystem 330 may also result in processor 302 receiving status signals and/or other data signals from field devices 112 coupled to field controller 110 and associated data storage in memory 304.
    [00038] The I/O module 306 may include one or more input/output circuits that are configured to communicate directly with field devices 112. Thus, for some embodiments, the I/O module 306 comprises analog input circuits for receiving analog signals and an analog output circuit for providing the analog signals.
    [00039] The communication module 308 is configured to provide communication with the field panel 108 that corresponds to the field controller 110 and other components on the FLN 124, like other field controllers 110. Thus, the communication module 308 may comprise a port that can be coupled to FLN 124. The port may include a standard RS-485 port circuit or other suitable port circuitry.
    [00040] The 312 power module can be configured to supply power to the 110 field controller components. The 312 power module can operate on an electrical power standard of 120 volts AC, other voltages AC, or DC power supplied by a battery or batteries.
    [00041] Figure 4 illustrates at least a portion of a building automation system 400 that is capable of improving the energy efficiency of an HVAC system in accordance with the present description. For the particular embodiment shown in Figure 4, system 400 comprises a field panel 408, three zone controllers 410a-c and five field devices 412a-e. However, it will be understood that system 400 may comprise any suitable number of these components without departing from the scope of the present description.
    [00042] The illustrated system 400 may correspond to the system 100 of figure 1, however, it will be understood that the system 400 can be implemented in any suitable shape and/or configuration, without departing from the scope of this description. Thus, for example, field panel 408 may correspond to field panel 108, each of zone controllers 410 may correspond to a field controller 110, and each of components 412a-e may correspond to a field device 112 , as described above in connection with figures 1-3. In addition, these components can communicate via a field-level network (FLN) 424, which can correspond to FLN 124 of system 100 in Figure 1.
    [00043] For some embodiments, a building or other area in which an HVAC system is implemented may comprise a single zone. For these embodiments, system 400 may comprise a single zone controller 410, such as zone controller 410a. However, for other arrangements, such as a relatively large building, the building may comprise two or more zones. For example, in a retail store, the public area may comprise one zone, whereas one storage area may comprise another zone. For the illustrated example, system 400 comprises three such zones, each of which has a corresponding zone controller 410a-c.
    [00044] The embodiment of figure 4 comprises five field devices 412a-e. As described below, such field devices 412 comprise an outdoor air condition (OAC) sensor 412a, a temperature sensor 412b, an indoor air quality (IAQ) sensor 412c, an HVAC system 412d, and a device controller. 412e ventilation. Although the illustrated embodiment only shows the zone controller 410a coupled to a temperature sensor 412b, an IAQ sensor 412c, an HVAC system 412d and a ventilation device controller 412e, it will be understood that each of the zone controllers 410b and 410c it can also be coupled to similar field devices 412b-e for its associated zone.
    [00045] For some embodiments, the 408 field panel can be coupled to the 412a OAC sensor. The 412a OAC sensor is configured to detect parameters, such as temperature, humidity and/or the like, associated with the building's outside air. The 412a OAC sensor is also configured to generate an OAC signal based on outdoor air conditions and send the OAC signal to the 408 field panel. For other modalities, the 412a OAC sensor can be coupled to one of the controllers of zone 410 or another component of system 400, such as a site controller, and can be configured to send the OAC signal to that other component. For some modalities, such as those providing conventional demand control ventilation, the 412a OAC sensor can be coupled to the 410a zone controller and the 400 system can be provided without the 424 FLN. 410 may be independent of, and unable to communicate with, other 410 zone controllers.
    [00046] The 412b temperature sensor is configured to detect the zone temperature associated with the 410a zone controller and to report the detected temperature to the 410a zone controller. The 412c IAQ sensor is configured to detect the level of CO2 and/or other contaminants in the zone and to communicate the detected contaminant level to the 410a zone controller. For some embodiments, the IAQ 412c sensor can be configured to detect the level of contaminants throughout the building. For these embodiments, system 400 may comprise a single IAQ sensor 412c coupled to a single zone controller 410a, a field panel 408, or other suitable component, rather than an IAC sensor 412c coupled to each zone controller 410a- ç. The 412d HVAC system may comprise a roof HVAC unit, an air handling unit, or any other suitable type of unit capable of providing heating, ventilation and cooling to the building. Furthermore, it will be understood that system 400 can comprise any combination of various types of HVAC systems. For example, HVAC system 412d may comprise a roof HVAC unit, while zone controller 410b may be coupled to an air handling unit and zone controller 410C may be coupled to another type of HVAC system.
    [00047] The ventilation device controller 412e is coupled to a ventilation device or devices 414 and is configured to control the operation of the ventilation device 414. For some modalities that provide conventional demand control ventilation, the ventilation device 414 may comprise a damper in HVAC system 412d, and ventilation device controller 412e may comprise a damper actuator that is configured to open and close the damper. For these modalities, the damper actuator can open or close the damper based on a vent signal from the 410a zone controller, as described in more detail below.
    [00048] For the other modalities that provide intelligent demand control ventilation, the ventilation device 414 may comprise a plurality of fans capable of moving air through the building zone associated with the zone controller 410a, and the device controller fan 412e may comprise a fan controller that is configured to turn the fans on and off. For these modalities, the fan controller can turn one or more of the fans on or off based on a fan signal from zone controller 410a, as described in more detail below. For other embodiments, zone controller 410a may be directly coupled to ventilation device 414, and ventilation device controller 412e may be omitted. For these modes, the zone controller 410a can be configured to provide the ventilation signal directly to the fans to turn the fans on or off. For still other modalities that provide intelligent demand control ventilation, as described in more detail below, the ventilation device 414 may comprise both a damper over the HVAC system 412d and a plurality of fans.
    [00049] The 410a zone controller can be installed in or near a space in which the 412d HVAC system is located, in an office, or any other suitable location in the building. The 412a OAC sensor can be installed outside the building. Temperature sensor 412b can be installed in the zone associated with zone controller 410a. The IAQ sensor 412c can be installed in the zone associated with the zone controller 410a or, for embodiments in which only a single IAQ sensor is implemented in the building, at a central location in the building. The 412d HVAC system can be installed on the building roof, adjacent to the building, or in any other suitable location. Ventilation device controller 412e may be installed in the zone associated with zone controller 410a and/or near ventilation device 414. It will be understood that each of the components of system 400 may be located in any suitable location, without departing. the scope of this description.
    [00050] The 410a zone controller is configured to monitor its zone's temperature based on a temperature signal from the 412B temperature sensor and to monitor the zone's contaminant level based on an IAQ signal from the IAQ 412c sensor. The 410a zone controller is also configured to enable or disable the 412d HVAC system to provide heating or cooling based on the temperature signal. The 410a zone controller is also configured to switch the zone between a ventilation mode and an economizer mode based on the temperature signal provided by the 412b temperature sensor and the OAC signal provided by the 412a OAC sensor, which can be provided through field panel 408 for some modalities.
    [00051] During ventilation mode operation, zone controller 410a is configured to control ventilation device 414, either directly or indirectly through ventilation device controller 412e, to allow outside air to enter the building or prevent that outside air enters the building based on the IAQ signal. In addition, in ventilation mode, the 410a zone controller is configured to monitor temperature to determine whether or not to enable or disable the 412d HVAC system and to monitor temperature and outside air conditions to determine whether or not to switch. to economizer mode.
    [00052] For some arrangements in which conventional demand control ventilation is provided, zone controller 410a is configured to control outside air entering the building by sending a ventilation signal to ventilation device controller 412e , which comprises a damper actuator, in order to cause the ventilation device controller 412e to open or close the ventilation device 414, which comprises a damper in the HVAC system 412d.
    [00053] For some modalities in which intelligent demand control ventilation is provided, the zone controller 410a can be configured to control outside air entering the building by sending a ventilation signal to the ventilation device controller 412e, which comprises a fan controller, so as to cause the fan device controller 412e to turn on and off at least a subset of the fan devices 414, which comprises the fans. For other embodiments, zone controller 410a can be configured to control outside air entering the building by sending a ventilation signal directly to ventilation devices 414, which comprise fans, to turn on or off at least a subset of the fans. . When in ventilation mode, the 410a zone controller can be configured to determine a number of fans to turn on or off based on the slope of the increase in contaminant level. Furthermore, when less than all fans are to be turned on, the zone or zones in which the fans will be turned on can be selected based on a cycling algorithm in order to minimize stale air in any zone of the building.
    [00054] For the other modalities in which intelligent demand control ventilation is provided, the ventilation device 414 comprises both a damper and a plurality of fans, and the zone controller 410a can be configured to control the incoming outside air in the building by sending a ventilation signal that opens or closes the damper and/or turns on or off at least a subset of the fans. Thus, for these arrangements, the zone controller 410a is configured to control both the damper and the fans in order to control the amount of outside air entering the building. Zone controller 410a for these embodiments may open or close the damper, by turning on or off any suitable number of fans at the same time, based on the criteria described above.
    [00055] During eco-mode operation, zone controller 410a is configured to control ventilation device 414, either directly or indirectly through ventilation device controller 412e, to allow outside air to enter the building based on temperature and outside air conditions. Thus, eco-mode allows system 400 to take advantage of "free cooling" available through outdoor air that is cooler than indoor air or "free heat" available through outdoor air that is warmer than indoor air . As described above, zone controller 410a can allow outside air to enter the building by sending a ventilation signal that causes a damper to open and/or turn on the fans. For some modes providing intelligent demand control ventilation, all fans can be turned on in economizer mode. Also, in eco-mode, the 410a zone controller is configured to monitor temperature to determine whether or not to switch to ventilation mode.
    [00056] To determine when to switch from ventilation mode to economizer mode, the 410a zone controller is configured to monitor temperature based on a first setpoint that is different from a second setpoint used to determine when to activate the heating or cooling by the 412d HVAC system. When outdoor air conditions are favorable and the temperature reaches the first setpoint, the 410a zone controller is configured to switch to economy mode. When outdoor air conditions are not favorable and the temperature reaches the first setpoint, the 410a zone controller is configured to remain in ventilation mode and monitor the temperature based on the second setpoint. When the temperature reaches the second setpoint, the 410a zone controller is configured to activate the 412d HVAC system.
    [00057] For the following description, it is assumed that system 400 is configured for cooling; however, it will be appreciated that system 400 may operate in a similar manner for heating. The first setpoint can be a dynamically configurable setpoint that can be determined based on the value of the second setpoint. For some modalities, the first setpoint may be a predetermined value smaller than the second setpoint. For example, the first setpoint can be 0.2° smaller than the second setpoint. For a particular example, for a second setpoint (cooling) of 72°, the first setpoint (economy) might be 71.8°.
    [00058] For other embodiments, the first setpoint can be determined based on any suitable system parameters 400. For example, for a particular embodiment in which the HVAC system 412d comprises a fixed-roof damper HVAC unit, the first setpoint can be determined based on a percentage of outside air allowed to enter the building by the 412d HVAC system. Some HVAC units with fixed damper on the roof may allow 10% outside air, 20% outside air, 30% outside air, or any other suitable percentage to enter. Thus, for these types of 400 systems where the 412d HVAC system allows 30% outside air, the first setpoint may be closer to the second setpoint than 400 systems where the 412d HVAC system allows 10% outside air. outside air. It should be understood that the first setpoint may be determined based on other suitable parameters or in any other suitable way, without departing from the scope of this description.
    [00059] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method 500 for improving energy efficiency in an HVAC system in accordance with the present description that can be performed by one or more data processing systems as described herein. The particular embodiment described below refers to system 400 of Figure 4. However, it will be understood that method 500 can be performed by any suitable building system capable of providing demand control ventilation, without departing from the scope of the present description.
    [00060] Method 500 starts with zone controller 410a operating in ventilation mode (step 502). In ventilation mode, the 410A zone controller monitors the contaminant level based on a signal received from the IAQ sensor 412c, and if the contaminant level rises too high, the 410a zone controller allows outside air to enter the building to reduce the level of contaminant. As described above, zone controller 410a sends a ventilation signal either directly to ventilation device 414 or indirectly to ventilation device 414 via ventilation device controller 412e to allow outside air to enter the building. For conventional demand control ventilation, the 410e zone controller sends a ventilation signal to a damper actuator, which opens a damper to allow outside air to enter the building. For intelligent demand control ventilation, the 410a zone controller sends a ventilation signal to one or more fans (or fan controllers, which control the fans) to turn on the fans, bringing outside air into the building. For intelligent demand control ventilation, the 410a zone controller can also send the ventilation signal to a damper actuator to open a damper to allow more outside air into the building. Once the contaminant level decreases to an acceptable level, the 410a zone controller sends a ventilation signal that closes the damper and/or turns off the fans to prevent outside air from entering the building.
    [00061] During ventilation mode operation, zone controller 410a monitors the temperature provided by temperature sensor 412b based on a first setpoint (step 504). The first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint used to activate the HVAC 412d system, as described in more detail above in connection with figure 4. It will be understood that system 400 reacts to each of the setpoints with base on a small temperature range. For example, if the setpoint for enabling cooling for the HVAC 412d system is 72°, system 400 activates cooling to a temperature slightly higher than 72°, such as 73°, and continues cooling until the temperature reaches a slightly lower temperature, such as 71.7°. In addition, the 400 system can react to temperatures slightly higher and lower than the economic setpoint.
    [00062] Thus, if the temperature fails to reach a first threshold for the first setpoint (step 506), the zone controller 410a continues to operate in ventilation mode (step 502) and monitor the temperature (step 504) . For some modalities, the first threshold may correspond to the same temperature as the first setpoint. If the temperature reaches the first threshold for the first setpoint (step 506), the 410a zone controller determines whether the outdoor air conditions provided by the 412a OAC sensor in an OAC signal are favorable for free cooling (step 508 ).
    [00063] If outdoor air conditions are not favorable for free cooling (step 508), zone controller 410a monitors the temperature provided by temperature sensor 412b based on the second setpoint (step 510). If the temperature fails to reach a first threshold for the second setpoint (step 512), zone controller 410a can determine if outside air conditions have become favorable (step 508) while continuing to monitor the temperature based on the second setpoint, as long as outside air conditions remain unfavorable (step 510). If the temperature reaches the first threshold for the second setpoint (step 512), the 410a zone controller activates temperature regulation by the 412d HVAC system by sending an enable signal to the 412d HVAC system (step 514).
    [00064] The 410a zone controller then continues to monitor the temperature based on the second setpoint (step 516). While the temperature failed to reach a second threshold for the second setpoint (step 518), the 412d HVAC system continues to provide temperature regulation, such as cooling, and the 410a zone controller continues to monitor the temperature (step 516 ). When the temperature reaches the second threshold for the second setpoint (step 518), the 410a zone controller deactivates temperature regulation by the 412d HVAC system by sending a deactivation signal to the 412d HVAC system (step 520), after which zone controller 410a continues to operate in ventilation mode (step 502) and returns to monitor temperature based on the first setpoint (step 504).
    [00065] If the outdoor air conditions are favorable for free cooling when the temperature reaches the first threshold for the first setpoint (step 508), the 410a zone controller switches to run in economy mode (step 522). In eco-mode, zone controller 410a sends a ventilation signal either directly to ventilation device 414 or indirectly to ventilation device 414 via ventilation device controller 412e to allow outside air to enter the building. For conventional demand control ventilation, the 410a zone controller sends a ventilation signal to a damper actuator, which opens a damper to allow outside air to enter the building. For intelligent demand control ventilation, the 410a zone controller sends a ventilation signal to one or more fans (or fan controllers, which control the fans) to turn on the fans, bringing outside air into the building. For intelligent demand control ventilation, the 410a zone controller can also send the ventilation signal to a damper actuator to open a damper to allow outside air to enter the building.
    [00066] The 410a zone controller monitors the temperature provided by the 412b temperature sensor based on the first setpoint (step 524). If the temperature fails to reach a second threshold for the first setpoint (step 526), the 410a zone controller continues to monitor outside air conditions to ensure they remain favorable (step 528). If outdoor air conditions remain favorable (step 528), zone controller 410a continues to monitor the temperature (step 524).
    [00067] If the temperature reaches the second threshold for the first setpoint (step 526) or if outdoor air conditions become unfavorable (step 528), the zone controller 410a switches back to operating in ventilation mode and sends a ventilation signal that closes the damper and/or turns off the fans to prevent outside air from entering the building until contaminant levels rise too high (step 502).
    [00068] In this way, a configurable setpoint can be provided by an economizer mode that is different from a selected setpoint for cooling or heating. This allows economizer mode, when outdoor air conditions are favorable, to anticipate ventilation mode before the 412d HVAC system is activated. Implementing a different setpoint to determine when to switch to economizer mode can significantly delay the time until the 412d HVAC system is activated. In some circumstances, implementing a different setpoint may result in the 412d HVAC system not being activated at all. This can result in a substantial improvement in energy efficiency for the HVAC portion of system 400.
    [00069] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, unless specifically indicated or required by the sequence of operations, certain steps in the processes described above may be omitted, combined, performed simultaneously or sequentially, or performed in a different order. Processes and elements of different exemplary modalities above may be combined within the scope of this description.
    [00070] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, for simplicity and clarity, the entire structure and operation of all data processing systems suitable for use with the present description are not being represented or described here. Rather, only as much of a data processing system as is unique to the present description or necessary for an understanding of the present description is represented and described. The remainder of the construction and operation of data processing system 100 can conform to any of several current implementations and practices known in the art.
    [00071] It is important to note that while the description includes a description in the context of a fully functional system, those skilled in the art will appreciate that at least portions of the mechanism of the present description are capable of being delivered in the form of instructions contained within a computer-readable, computer-usable, or machine-usable medium in any of a variety of ways, and that the present description applies equally regardless of the particular type of instruction or signal bearing medium or storage medium used to actually perform the distribution. Examples of computer-readable/machine-readable or machine-readable/usable media include: non-volatile media of the hard-coded type, such as read-only memories (ROMs) or programmable, electrically erasable read-only memories (EEPROMs), media of the type user-writable memory such as floppy disks, hard disk drives, and read-only compact disk memory (CD-ROMs) or digital versatile disks (DVDs).
    [00072] Although the present description has described certain generally associated modalities and methods, alterations and permutations of these modalities and methods will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the examples of various embodiments described above do not define or limit this description.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Method performed by a zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) for a zone of a building to improve energy efficiency in an HVAC (412d) heating, ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized by comprising the steps, operate (step 502) in a ventilation mode; monitor (step 504) a zone temperature; monitor (508) air conditions outside the building; determine (506, 508) whether to switch (522) from ventilation mode to economizer mode based on a first setpoint for the zone temperature and based on outside air conditions, where the first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint for the temperature different from the first setpoint; and determining (512) whether to activate (514) the HVAC system (412d) based on the second setpoint.
    [0002]
    The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of determining the first setpoint by modifying the second setpoint by a predetermined amount.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the HVAC system (412d) comprises a fixed damper HVAC system, the method further comprising determining the first set point based on a percentage of the outside air allowed by the system Fixed damper HVAC.
    [0004]
    The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of, monitoring a contaminant level for at least part of the building while operating in ventilation mode; and allow outside air into the building while operating in economizer mode or when the contaminant level rises to a predetermined threshold while operating in ventilation mode.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that allowing outside air into the building comprises sending a ventilation signal to a damper actuator which causes the damper actuator to open a damper in the HVAC system (412d) .
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that allowing outside air into the building comprises sending a ventilation signal that turns on at least one fan.
    [0007]
    7. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) for a zone of a building, characterized by comprising, a memory (304) configured to store an application subsystem (330); and a processor (302) coupled to memory (304), wherein the processor (302) is configured, based on the application subsystem (330), (i) to operate in one of the ventilation or economy modes, (ii) to monitor a zone temperature, (iii) to monitor the outside air conditions for the building, (iv) to switch from ventilation mode to economizer mode based on a first setpoint for the zone temperature and based on in outdoor air conditions, where the first setpoint is determined based on a second setpoint for the temperature different from the first setpoint, and (v) to activate an HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning unit (412d) based on the second setpoint.
    [0008]
    8. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 7, characterized in that the processor (302) is further configured to determine the first setpoint by modifying the second setpoint by a predetermined quantity.
    [0009]
    9. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 7, characterized in that the HVAC system (412d) comprises a fixed damping HVAC system, and wherein the processor (302) is further configured to determine the first setpoint based on a percentage of outside air allowed by the fixed-bumper HVAC system.
    [0010]
    10. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 7, characterized in that the processor (302) is further configured (i) to monitor a contaminant level for at least part of the building while operating in ventilation mode and (ii) to allow outside air into the building while operating in economizer mode or when the contaminant level rises to a predetermined threshold while operating in ventilation mode.
    [0011]
    11. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 10, characterized in that the zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) is coupled to the ventilation device controller (412e) , wherein the ventilation device controller (412e) is coupled to a ventilation device (414), wherein the processor (302) is configured to allow outside air into the building by sending a ventilation signal to the device controller. vent (412e), and wherein based on the vent signal, the vent device controller (412e) is configured to cause the vent device (414) to bring outside air into the building.
    [0012]
    12. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 11, characterized in that the ventilation device controller (412e) comprises a damper actuator and the ventilation device (414) comprises a damper in the HVAC system (412d), and where the vent signal causes the damper actuator to open the damper.
    [0013]
    13. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 10, characterized in that the zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) is coupled to a ventilation device (414), wherein the processor (302) is configured to allow outside air into the building by sending a ventilation signal to the ventilation device (414), and wherein based on the ventilation signal, the ventilation device (414) is configured to bring outside air into the building.
    [0014]
    14. Zone controller (110a-e, 410, 410a) according to claim 13, characterized in that the ventilation device (414) comprises a plurality of fans, and wherein the ventilation signal turns on at least one subset of the fans.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-28| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-02| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-22| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-31| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/249,291|2011-09-30|
    US13/249,291|US8930030B2|2011-09-30|2011-09-30|Method and system for improving energy efficiency in an HVAC system|
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