• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    integrally formed rigid razor or shaver blade, integrally formed razor or epilator head, method of rigidly formed razor or epilator blade strip integral mode and method of manufacturing an integral curved blade for a shaver or mechanical epilator. it is an integrally formed rigid razor or shaving blade (24) that has a body with: a cutting edge portion (39) that extends around a cutting edge portion plane and having a cutting portion (26) at one end, a base portion (35) extending along a base portion plane, a curved portion (53) intermediate the cutting edge portion and the cutting portion base, and in which the body is produced from martensitic stainless steel which mainly comprises iron and between 0.62% and 0.75% carbon by weight.
    公开号:BR112014007708B1
    申请号:R112014007708-8
    申请日:2012-10-08
    公开日:2020-09-15
    发明作者:Vasileios Davos；Anastasios Papageorgiou；Dimitrios Efthimiadis；Ioannis Komianos；Michalis Karoussis；Nikolaos Skounakis；Panagiotis Zafiropoulos；Vassilis Papachristos
    申请人:Bic-Violex Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present inventions refer to rigid shaving or shaving blades integrally formed, shaving or shaving heads that have such blades and the methods of manufacturing them. BACKGROUND TO THE FIRST INVENTION
    [002] In particular, a first invention relates to integrally formed rigid shaving or shaving members.
    [003] In the field of mechanical wet shavers or epilators, they have long been equipped with a shaver or epilator that has a head that receives one or more cutting members.
    [004] Recently, the trend has been to provide cutting members that have a clearly L-shaped cross-section, with a cutting edge portion and a base portion that are angular to them in cross-section to the direction of length of the cutting members.
    [005] An example of such a commercially successful product can be found in WO2007 / 147.420. Such cutting members are so-called "sustained blades", because the so-called cutting part ", which has the cutting edge, is mounted to a flat portion of a different part, called" support part "that has the L-shaped cross-section WO WO 2011/008851 also describes such a sustained blade.
    [006] However, the assembly of these two parts raises the following problems: It is logistically difficult to handle these two different parts; it is difficult to technically handle these very small parts in a manufacturing device that operates at adequate speeds to meet demand; it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of this assembly at these operating speeds, and these assemblies can corrode at the location of the fixture, thereby reducing the overall product life expectancy.
    [007] Therefore, efforts have been made to replace these so-called “sustained blades” with integral curved blades. An example of such efforts can be seen in document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577. However, the development of such an integral curved blade is very difficult. In fact, on sustained blades, it is possible to adapt the support part to its specific function, that is, precisely providing the L-shape, and to adapt the cutting part separately to its specific function, that is, shaving performance or optimized hair removal. However, for integral curved blades, there is a need to provide a product with both malleability and excellent cutting performance, while the manufacturing process and cost issues are still considered.
    [008] Document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577 proposed to use a material that has a composition comprised of 0.35 to approximately 0.43 percent carbon, approximately 0.90 to approximately 1.35 percent molybdenum, approximately 0.40 to approximately 0.90 per percent manganese, approximately 13 to approximately 14 percent chromium, no more than approximately 0.030 percent phosphorus, approximately 0.20 to approximately 0.55 percent silicon and no more than 0.025 percent sulfur. However, this only defines no more than 18% of the material's composition. According to an example, document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577 recommends the use of a stainless steel that has a carbon content of approximately 0.4 weight percent, and other constituents. However, document n2U.S. 2007 / 234.577 need to apply a local heat treatment to increase the ductility of the portion of the blade to be curved. However, this additional step is complex to deploy on an industrial scale.
    [009] Another example of such efforts can be seen in document n2U.S. 2007 / 124,939. However, this document defines a very general class of steels for razor blades or shaving, namely with a very wide range of carbon content, between 0.50% -1.25%. The properties of these materials will extend over a very wide range.
    [010] The present invention aims to remarkably mitigate these disadvantages. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST INVENTION
    [011] For this purpose, it has been surprisingly found that a razor blade or razor made from martensitic stainless steel with a higher carbon content can provide an optimal response to competing requirements for curved portion malleability and blade edge strength , while it is still workable with all the other requirements listed.
    [012] In particular, an integrally formed rigid razor or shaving blade is provided that has a body with: - a cutting edge portion that extends around a cutting edge portion plane and that has a cutting edge at one end, - a base portion extending along a plane of the base portion, - a curved portion intermediate the cutting edge portion and the base portion, and where the body is produced from martensitic stainless steel which mainly comprises iron and between 0.62% and 0.75% carbon by weight.
    [013] In some embodiments, an individual may also use one or more of the resources defined in the dependent claims. BACKGROUND OF THE SECOND INVENTION
    [014] A second invention concerns shaving or shaving heads with rigid shaving or shaving blades made from integrally movable.
    [015] In the field of mechanical wet shavers or epilators, they have long been equipped with a shaver or epilator that has a head that receives one or more cutting members. The cutting members are mounted to move (mainly translate) inside the head when shaving or shaving.
    [016] Recently, the trend has been to provide cutting members that have a clearly L-shaped cross-section, with a cutting edge portion and a base portion that are angular to them in cross-section to the length direction. of the cutting members.
    [017] An example of such a commercially successful product can be found in WO2007 / 147.420. Such blades are so-called "sustained blades", because the so-called "cutting part", which has the cutting edge, is mounted to a flat portion of a different part, called "support part" which has the L-shaped cross-section
    [018] In particular, the base portion is oriented along a geometric axis of the base portion that defines the direction of movement of the cutting members on the head.
    [019] However, the assembly of these two parts raises the following problems: It is logistically difficult to handle these two different parts; it is difficult to technically handle these very small parts in a manufacturing device that operates at adequate speeds to meet demand; it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of this assembly at these operating speeds, and these assemblies can corrode at the location of the fixture, thereby reducing the overall product life expectancy.
    [020] Therefore, efforts have been made to replace these so-called “sustained blades” with integral curved blades. Although some patent documents show some designs of razor or shaving heads with integral movable curved blades, it is believed that no commercial product is yet available with such features. It is believed to be due to the difficulty of designing such a product. In fact, such drawings can be seen, for example, in document n2U.S. 4,621,424, deposited since 1984.
    [021] A problem with a product that can be designed according to the above drawing is that, during shaving or shaving, the blade may not remain straight enough, and may be subjected to flexion, thereby deteriorating shaving or waxing performance , and / or may witness the appearance of microcracks, consequently favoring corrosion. In 1990, document n2U.S. 5,010,646 proposed to solve these problems by providing corrugations in the slide.
    [022] However, this product was probably difficult to manufacture, and the effect on shaving or hair removal performance seems doubtful, so further research on such products was then abandoned.
    [023] The purpose of the present invention is to remarkably provide a head with integral curved blades. DESCRIPTION OF THE SECOND INVENTION
    [024] For this purpose, the razor or shaving head that is provided comprises: - a housing that has a top face that defines a shaving or shaving window, and an opposite stop face, the housing comprising additionally at least one guide, - at least one blade for shaving or shaving rigid integrally formed, each one being freely mounted in the housing and has:. a cutting edge portion that extends along a cutting edge portion axis and that has a cutting edge accessible through the shaving or shaving window,. a guided portion extending along a guided portion geometric axis, e.g. a curved portion intermediate to the cutting edge portion and the guided portion, where the cantilever dimension, measured as the distance between the cutting edge and the guided portion geometric axis, is between 1.1 millimeter and 1.8 millimeter , in which the guided portion cooperates with the guide so that each blade is translatable independently in relation to the housing along a sliding direction parallel to the geometric axis of the guided portion, under eproduced from shaving and shaving forces applied to the razor during shaving or waxing.
    [025] The parameter defined above was found to be a key factor in the shaving or shaving performance of such a shaver or shaving head. Keeping this parameter within the defined limits makes it possible to optimize the shaving or waxing performance. In fact, for shaving or shaving heads with shaving or shaving blades that are larger than 1.8, there is a risk of having a larger head in order to have sufficient rinsing capacity.
    [026] In addition, blade deviation can be difficult to control.
    [027] For blades that have a dimension of less than 1.1, handling and assembly becomes arduous. In addition, the probability of damage to the blade cutting edge during manufacturing has increased dramatically.
    [028] Furthermore, the control of the spring force applied by lateral spring arms to the heads with movable blades proved more difficult.
    [029] In some embodiments, an individual may also use one or more of the resources defined in the dependent claims. BACKGROUND OF THE THIRD INVENTION
    [030] In particular, a third invention concerns integrally formed rigid razor or shaving blades.
    [031] In the field of mechanical wet shavers or epilators, they have long been equipped with a shaver or epilator that has a head that receives one or more cutting members.
    [032] Recently, a trend has been to provide cutting members that have a clearly L-shaped cross-section, with a cutting edge portion and a base portion that are angular to them in cross-section to the length direction. of the cutting member.
    [033] An example of such a commercially successful product can be found in WO 2007 / 147.420. Such cutting members are so-called "sustained blades", because the so-called cutting part ", which has the cutting edge, is mounted to a flat portion of a different part, called" support part "that has the L-shaped cross section. However, the assembly of these two parts raises the following problems: It is logistically difficult to handle these two different parts; it is difficult to technically handle these very small parts in a manufacturing device that operates at adequate speeds to meet demand; it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of this assembly at these operating speeds, and these assemblies can corrode at the location of the fixture, thereby reducing the overall product life expectancy.
    [034] Therefore, efforts have been made to replace these so-called “sustained blades” with integral curved blades. An example of such efforts can be seen in U.S. Patent No. 2007 / 234,577.
    [035] However, the development of such an integral curved blade is very difficult. In fact, in sustained blades, it is possible to adapt the support part to its specific function, that is, precisely providing the L-shape, and to adapt the cutting part separately to its specific function, that is, to cut the hair . However, for integral curved blades, there is a need to provide a product with both malleability and excellent cutting performance, while still considering the manufacturing process and cost issues.
    [036] Document No. 2007 / 234,577 proposed a very short curved portion. In particular, the radius of curvature R of the inner face of the curved portion must be set at 0.45 millimeter or less.
    [037] As later recognized in WO 2011/06760 by the same applicant, the strict material requirements for the blade edges limit the amount that the blades can be curved consistently and precisely. WO 2011/06760 teaches how to reduce the bending angle with, as seen in the drawings, a radius of curvature close to 0.
    [038] However, it is preferably believed that reducing the radius of curvature can favor the unwanted appearance of cracks during manufacture. These cracks must be avoided, as they can cause permanent deformation to occur on shaving or waxing, thereby reducing shaving or waxing performance, or the onset of corrosion.
    [039] The present invention aims to considerably mitigate these disadvantages. DESCRIPTION OF THE THIRD INVENTION
    [040] For this purpose, an integrally formed rigid razor or shaving blade produced from martensitic stainless steel is provided and which has in cross section: - a portion of the cutting edge that extends over a cutting edge portion axis and having a cutting edge at one end, - a base portion extending along a base portion geometric axis, - a curved portion intermediate to the cutting edge portion, and to the base portion, with said blade having a concave face and an opposite convex face, and in which the average radius of curvature of the curved portion on the concave face of the same is between 0.5 and 1 millimeter.
    [041] By increasing the radius of curvature of the inner face of the curved portion, the product can be manufactured through a very moderate manufacturing process, which can respect the constitutive material, and the occurrence of cracks during this manufacture can be reduced.
    [042] In some embodiments, an individual may also use one or more of the resources defined in the dependent claims. BACKGROUND OF THE FOURTH INVENTION
    [043] In particular, a fourth invention relates to methods of making rigid razor or epilator blades formed integrally.
    [044] In the field of mechanical wet shavers or epilators, they have long been equipped with a shaver or epilator that has a head that receives one or more cutting members.
    [045] Recently, the trend has been to provide cutting members that have a clearly L-shaped cross-section, with a cutting edge portion and a base portion that are angular to them in cross-section to the length direction. of the blade.
    [046] An example of such a commercially successful product can be found in WO 2007 / 147.420. Such cutting members are so-called "sustained blades", because the so-called cutting part ", which has the cutting edge, is mounted to a flat portion of a different part, called" support part "which has the L-shaped cross section.
    [047] However, the assembly of these two parts raises the following problems: It is logistically difficult to handle these two different parts; it is difficult to technically handle these very small parts in a manufacturing device that operates at adequate speeds to meet demand; it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of this assembly at these operating speeds, and these assemblies can corrode at the location of the fixture, thereby reducing the overall product life expectancy.
    [048] Therefore, efforts have been made to replace these so-called “sustained blades” with integral curved blades. An example of such efforts can be seen in document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577.
    [049] However, the development of such an integral curved blade is very difficult. In fact, on sustained blades, it is possible to adapt the support part to its specific function, that is, precisely providing the L-shape, and to adapt the cutting part separately to its specific function, that is, shaving performance or optimized hair removal. However, for integral curved blades, there is a need to provide a product with both malleability and excellent cutting performance, while still considering the manufacturing process and cost issues.
    [050] In particular, it is necessary to limit as much as possible the degree of deformation applied to the blades during their manufacture, so as not to introduce permanent deformations that may affect the shaving or shaving performance.
    [051] Document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577 proposed cracks between the cutting members to be adjacent. However, it is still difficult to handle such small strips, or separate parts of them, at high speed.
    [052] The aim of the present invention is to significantly improve the efficiency of the manufacturing process, while not negatively affecting the characteristics of the final product. DESCRIPTION OF THE FOURTH INVENTION
    [053] For this purpose, a method of manufacturing a fully formed razor or shaving blade is provided that comprises: - providing a strip that has, in cross-section to a long geometric axis, a portion of the blade and a removable portion, in which the weakening holes are provided along the long geometric axis between the blade portion and the removable portion, - separate the blade portion from the removable portion by breaking the strip in the weakening holes, - endow the razor blade or shaving profile that has:. a cutting edge portion that extends along a cutting edge portion axis and that has a cutting edge at one end, a base portion that extends along a base portion portion axis and which has a meeting edge at one end, a curved portion intermediate the cutting edge portion and the guided portion, where the meeting edge is corrugated along the long geometric axis, with corrugations with a height of no more than 0.3 mm.
    [054] In this way, the handled strip can be made larger, and easier to handle. In addition, using a pre-perforated strip, the strip is separated from the strip by giving minimal deformation to the strip, thereby improving the overall consistency of the manufactured product. BACKGROUND OF THE FIFTH INVENTION
    [055] In particular, a fifth invention relates to the methods of making rigid razor or epilator blades formed integrally.
    [056] In the field of mechanical wet shavers or epilators, they have long been equipped with a shaver or epilator that has a head that receives one or more cutting members.
    [057] Recently, the trend has been to provide cutting members that have a clearly L-shaped cross-section, with a cutting edge portion and a base portion that are angular to them in cross-section to the length direction. of the cutting members.
    [058] An example of such a commercially successful product can be found in WO 2007 / 147.420. Such cutting members are so-called “sustained blades”, due to the fact that the so-called “cutting part”, which has the cutting edge, is mounted to a flat portion of a different part, called “support part” that it has a L-shaped cross-section. However, the assembly of these two parts raises the following problems: It is logistically difficult to handle these two different parts; it is difficult to technically handle these very small parts in a manufacturing device that operates at adequate speeds to meet demand; it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of this assembly at these operating speeds, and these assemblies can corrode at the location of the fixture, thereby reducing the overall product life expectancy.
    [059] Therefore, efforts have been made to replace these so-called “sustained blades” with integral curved blades. An example of such efforts can be seen in document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577.
    [060] However, development of such an integral curved blade is very difficult. In fact, in sustained blades, it is possible to adapt the support part to its specific function, that is, precisely providing the L-shape, and to adapt the cutting part separately to its specific function, that is, to cut the hair . However, for integral curved blades, there is a need to provide a product with both malleability and excellent cutting performance, while still considering the manufacturing process and cost issues.
    [061] An attempt to manufacture curved blades can be seen in document n2U.S. 2007 / 234,577. In this document, the blades are formed by coinage. However, it is believed that this process still provides a wide dispersion of resulting geometries.
    [062] The purpose of the present invention is to remarkably improve the consistency of the products that exist in the manufacturing process, that is, to reduce the dispersion in geometry of the manufactured products. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIFTH INVENTION
    [063] A method of fabricating an integral curved blade for a shaver or mechanical epilator, comprises: providing a flat strip of metal that extends from a first edge to an opposite edge, curving the flat strip along a geometric axis of folding parallel to the first edge to result in an integrally curved product that has opposite inner and outer faces, and which comprises: a cutting edge portion that extends along a cutting edge portion geometric axis and that has the first edge at one end, a base portion that extends along a geometry axis of the base portion and that has the opposite edge at one end, a curved portion intermediate the cutting edge portion and the base portion, after bending, apply a mechanical tension to the inner face of the curved portion.
    [064] It was discovered that the application of this mechanical tension after bending straightens the curved blade, and consequently reduced the amount of products that did not meet the requested geometric specifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [065] Other features and advantages of the invention will readily appear from the following description of some of its realizations, provided as non-limiting examples, and the accompanying drawings.
    [066] In the drawings: - Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a razor or shaving head according to an embodiment; Figures 2a and 2b are two opposite perspective views of an embodiment of an integral curved blade; - Figure 3a is a rear view of the blade of Figures 2a and 2b, - Figure 3b is a side view of the blade of Figure 3a; Figures 4a and 4b are views that correspond to Figures 3a and 3b respectively for a second realization of a curved blade; Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 3a for a third embodiment of a curved blade; Figures 6a and 6b are views that correspond to Figures 3a and 3b respectively for a fourth realization of a curved blade; Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line VII-VII in Figure 1; Figures 8a and 8b are schematic views of products intermediate in the manufacture of a razor or shaving blade; Figure 9 is a side view of an embodiment of a forming tool used to manufacture a curved blade; Figure 10 is a graph of a manufacturing process for a curved blade; and - Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of a holding tool for a curved blade.
    [067] In the different Figures, the same reference symbols designate similar or similar elements. DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE INVENTIONS
    [068] Figure 1 shows a head 5 of a safety razor or epilator (also called a wet shaver or epilator), a shaver or epilator whose blades are not driven by an engine in relation to the blade unit.
    [069] The shaving or shaving head 5 must be supported by a handle that extends in a longitudinal direction between a proximal portion and a distal portion that support the blade unit 5 or the shaving or shaving head. The longitudinal direction can be curved or can include one or more straight portions.
    [070] The blade unit 5 includes an upper face 6 that defines a shaving or shaving window and equipped with one or more cutting members and a lower face 7 that must be connected to the distal portion of the handle through a connection mechanism . The connection mechanism may make it possible, for example, for the blade unit 5 to rotate with respect to a geometric axis of pivot X which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Said connection mechanism may additionally enable the selective release of the blade unit for the purpose of changing blade units. A particular example of a connection mechanism usable in the present invention is described in WO-A-2006/027018, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety by reference for all purposes.
    [071] The blade unit 5 includes a frame 10 that is made exclusively of synthetic materials, that is, thermoplastic materials (polystyrene or ABS, for example) and elastomeric materials.
    [072] More precisely, frame 10 includes a plastic platform member 11 connected to the handle by the connection mechanism and which has: - a protection bar 12 that extends in parallel to the geometric axis of pivot X, - a section of receiving blade 13 located at the rear portion of guard 12 in the direction of shaving or waxing, - a rear portion 14 extending parallel to the pivot geometry axis X and located at the rear portion of the receiving blade 13 in the direction of shaving or waxing, - and two side portions 15 joining the longitudinal ends of the protection bar 12 and the rear portion 14 together.
    [073] In the example shown in the Figures, the protection bar 12 is covered by an elastomeric layer 16 that forms a plurality of fins 17 that extend parallel to the geometric axis of pivot X.
    [074] Furthermore, in this particular example, the lower part of the platform member 11 includes two shell bearings 18 which belong to the connection mechanism 8 and which can be, for example, as described in the document mentioned above No. WO-A-2006 / 027018.
    [075] Table 10 additionally includes a plastic cover 19 that has a top face and an opposite bottom face, which faces the top face of the platform 11 components. Cover 19 displays a general U shape, with a lid portion 20 partially covering the rear portion 14 of the platform and two side members 21 covering the two side members 15 of the platform. In this embodiment, the cover 19 does not cover the protection bar 12 of the platform.
    [076] The cap portion 20 of the cover 19 may include a lubricating strip 23 which is oriented upwards and comes into contact with the user's skin during shaving or waxing. This lubrication strip can be formed, for example, by co-injection with the rest of the cover. The cover 19 is mounted to the platform 11 by any suitable means, such as, for example, by ultrasonic welding, as explained in document No. WO 2010 / 06.654, incorporated by the present integrally for all purposes.
    [077] The present description of an accommodation is exemplary only.
    [078] At least one cutting member 24 is movably mounted on the blade receiving section 13 of the platform. The blade receiving section 13 may include several cutting members 24, for example, four cutting members as in the example shown in the drawings.
    [079] Each cutting member 24 is produced from a blade that is integrally formed from a flat steel strip.
    [080] In particular, an individual can use a martensitic stainless steel with the following composition (by weight): Carbon: between 0.62% and 0.75%, Chromium: between 12.7% and 13.7%, Manganese : between 0.45% and 0.75%, Silicon: between 0.20% and 0.50%, Iron: Balance
    [081] Such an alloy has no more than traces of other components, and notably no more than traces of Molybdenum.
    [082] The razor or shaver blade has a cutting edge 26 oriented forward in the direction of shaving or epilation and an opposite rear edge 54. Cutting edge 26 is accessible through the shaving or shaving window of the shaving section. receiving blade 13, to cut the hair.
    [083] Each blade 25 has an outer face 27 oriented towards the skin to be shaved or shaved and an opposite inner face 28. The outer and inner faces 27, 28 of the blade include two parallel main surfaces 29, 30 and two facets respectively tapered 31, 32 tapering towards the cutting edge 26.
    [084] Each blade 25 extends longitudinally, parallel to the geometric axis of pivot X, between two lateral sides 33, 33 '. For example, the side sides are straight.
    [085] Each blade 25 has a curved profile that includes: - a substantially flat base portion 35 (for example, substantially perpendicular to the shaving and shaving plane) that has a periodically serrated edge 54, - a substantially cutting edge portion plane 39 comprising the cutting edge 26, - a curved portion 53 extending between the base portion and the cutting edge portion. The curved portion has a concave face 28 and an opposite convex face 27. The face of the blade that has the concave face is called the inner face and the other the outer face.
    [086] When the blade is mounted to slide on the head, the base portion is also sometimes called the "guided portion".
    [087] As shown in Figure 1, each cutting member 24 is supported by two elastic fingers 44 that are molded as a single piece with the platform 11 and that extend towards each other and upwards from both members of side 15 of the platform. For example, all fingers 44 extending from a given side member are identical.
    [088] In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the base portions 35 of the blades are slidably guided in the slots 45 provided on the inner face of each side member 15 of the platform. The slits are, for example, substantially perpendicular to the shaving and waxing plane.
    [089] Blades 24 are tilted elastically by elastic arms 44 towards a nominal position. In this nominal position, the outer faces 27 of the blades, at each side end of the blades, hold against corresponding upper stop portions 52 that are provided on the bottom stop face of each side member 21 on the roof, said side member 21 covers slits 45.
    [090] Therefore, the nominal position of the blades 24 is well defined, thus enabling high shaving or shaving accuracy.
    [091] In this nominal position, the inner faces 28 of the blades, at each lateral end of the blades, are supported by corresponding top portions 55 of the elastic arms. The distance between the two top portions is, for example, 22 to 30 mm, preferably between 25 and 27 mm.
    [092] The guide slots 45 define a Y direction for the shaver or shaver head. The Z direction is normal for the X-Y plane. The base portion 35 extends in a base portion plane. The geometry axis of the base portion is the main geometry axis of the base portion different from the geometrical profile axis of the same, that is, different from the geometric axis X. In the present embodiment, the same is the geometric axis Y. In other words, the main geometric axis along which the base portion extends is the same as the geometric axis defined by the slits 45 in the shaver or shaver head.
    [093] The cutting edge portion 39 extends on a cutting edge portion plane. The geometry axis of the cutting edge portion is the main geometric axis of the cutting edge portion different from the profile geometric axis of the same, that is, different from the geometric axis X. In the present embodiment, it is a U geometric axis. In other words, the cutting edge portion geometry axis extends in an XU plane. A geometric axis V is defined as normal to the X-U plane.
    [094] A first realization of a curved blade is shown in Figures 3a and 3b. Below, some geometric characteristics of the blade are given. The geometric characteristics of the blade are here nominal characteristics, which do not take into account the actual geometry of the blade due to the manufacturing or dispersion process. In particular, due to the manufacturing process, variations in thickness and / or arc, sweeping, cambering of some portion of blades are possible, and are even intrinsic to the product.
    [095] The following parameters are defined: t: blade thickness; L: length of the blade from one side 33 to the other side 33 '; H: blade height, measured along the Y direction, from the rear edge 54 to the cutting edge 26; D: cantilever dimension, measured along the Z direction, from the cutting edge 26 to the plane of the base portion (X-Y); a: included angle, measured between the base portion plane and the cutting edge portion plane; Hb: height of the blade base portion, measured along the Y direction, from the rear edge 54 to the curved portion 53; R: radius of curvature of the inner face of the curved portion; Hc: Extension of the cutting edge portion, measured along the U direction, from the cutting edge 26 to the curved portion 53; T: period of the serrated edge; TI: extension of the serrated protrusion; h: height of the serrated end.
    [096] According to the first embodiment, a suitable razor or shaver blade shows the following geometric properties:

    [097] This value indicated for Hc is actually an average between the value measured for He on both side sides of the blade. Due to blade deformation, these two values were different, totaling an average of 0.81 mm and 0.85 mm, respectively. The Hc can extend between 0.28 and 1.14 mm, preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm.
    [098] Other achievements have been successfully made, which have proved satisfactory. According to a second embodiment, shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the other parameters are similar, in addition to a = 112 °, H = 2.4 mm, Hc = 0.96 mm.
    [099] Yet another realization is shown in Figure 5. This realization differs from the second realization mainly by different values for T and Ti.
    [0100] According to yet another embodiment, as shown in Figures 6a and 6b, the rear edge is not serrated. The geometric data for this realization are:

    [0101] As shown in Figure 7 below, a cutting plane (P) is defined for the head from the tangents to the protection bar before the window receives the blades and the cover behind it. Therefore, by shaving or waxing, a force will be applied to the blade by the user, along a direction F that is substantially normal to the plane (P). The blades 24 are oriented in the head 5 so that the cutting edge portion forms an angle with the cutting plane (P). In other words, the force F is applied roughly in the Y direction by approximately ± 5o.
    [0102] According to the first invention, tests showed that, surprisingly, the material above provided a curved blade that provides the best compromise between malleability and cutting edge performance. In particular, the above material can be formed as a successful cutting edge of a razor or shaver blade, equipped with current cutting edge processing which includes grinding, coating with a strengthening material and coating with a telomer layer .
    [0103] In addition, the above material can be formed as a successful curved region with improved consistency, high reproducibility, and without producing many corrosion prone corrosion during manufacture.
    [0104] These tests were carried out both for a head with a blade according to the first realization above, and for another blade with an α angle of 112 °. It is hoped that this material can provide improved behavior even when modifying other blade parameters. In particular, it is believed to be verified for α obtained between 95 ° and 140 °; preferably between 108 ° and 112 °, R greater than 0.4 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, t between 0.07 mm and 0.12 mm, preferably between 0.095 mm and 0.105 mm, Hc between 0 , 28 mm and 1.14 mm, preferably between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm. The blade thus obtained can also be used attached to a razor or shaving head, if necessary.
    [0105] According to the second invention, with the blade edge portion 39 which is supported only by the two springs 44, the shaving or shaving force that is applied along the direction F between them, and the restricted base portion to move parallel to the XY plane, dimension D proved to be a critical dimension of the blade.
    [0106] Tests have shown that an ideal can be achieved when dimension D is selected between 1.1 mm and 1.8 mm. If D has exceeded 1.8 mm, the blade may undergo a large deviation during shaving or shaving, thereby reducing shaving or shaving performance. The head rinse capacity can also be reduced. In addition, there may be a risk of macrocracking on the blade, notably on the inside of the curved region, and / or permanent deformation of the blade. Macracks should be avoided, as they are a preferred site for blade corrosion. Permanent deformation must be avoided, as it can negatively affect shaving or hair removal performance. When D becomes less than 1.1 mm, handling and the possibility of manufacture are impaired dramatically. There is a risk of damage to the cutting edge during head handling and fabrication.
    [0107] Furthermore, the application of an adequate spring force to the blade becomes difficult.
    [0108] These tests were performed for a head with a blade according to the first embodiment above, but it is expected that the heads provided with movable blades guided along the geometric axis of their base portion, and with the dimension D selected can provide improved performance, even when modifying other blade parameters, such as blade material, or other geometric parameters. In particular, it is believed to be verified when the distance between the two contact points of the blade to the springs is between 22 and 30 mm, preferably between 25 and 27 mm, when α is obtained between 95 ° and 140 °, preferably between 108 ° and 112 °, R greater than 0.4 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, t between 0.07 mm and 0.12 mm, preferably between 0.095 and 0.105 mm, Hc between 0.4 mm and 1 , 0 mm, preferably between 0.81 mm and 0.85 mm. Such preferential behavior is also expected to be fulfilled for curved blades with a lower carbon band, for example, 0.5% carbon by weight.
    [0109] According to the third invention, tests have shown that an ideal can be achieved when the dimension R is selected greater than 0.5 mm, preferably greater than 0.55 mm. The dimension R is preferably less than 1 mm. In other words, the radius of curvature of the outer face in the curved portion is at least 0.57 mm. The median radius of curvature in the curved portion is at least 0.535 mm. In fact, when the radius of curvature is less than this, it is difficult to manufacture the blade without generating high stresses that can cause the appearance of macrocracks in the curved region.
    [0110] These tests were carried out for a blade according to the first realization above, but it is expected that the aforementioned can remain true even when modifying other blade parameters. In particular, it is believed to be verified for α obtained between 95 ° and 140 °, preferably between 108 ° and 112 °, t between 0.07 mm and 0.12 mm, preferably between 0.095 and 0.105 mm. The blade thus obtained can also be used attached to a razor or shaving head, if necessary.
    [0111] Figure 10 now shows schematically an example of a process for manufacturing the curved blades above.
    [0112] In step 101, an individual provides a strip of suitable material. The material is, for example, stainless steel in ferritic form with secondary carbides and which has the above composition. A strip is any type of product suitable to be manufactured on a curved blade as above. For example, strip 56 is shown in Figure 8a. It is substantially straight. It has the thickness of the razor for future shaving or shaving. It has the length L of the razor for future shaving or shaving. Along the transverse height direction, it comprises, from top to bottom in Figure 8a, a cutting edge portion 57, a curved portion 58, a base portion 59 and a removable portion 60. The edge portion cutter 57, the portion to be curved 58 and the base portion 59 together define a blade portion of the strip. The notches 61 are provided, extending oblongly along the width direction, between the base portion 59 and the removable portion 60.
    [0113] In particular, the notches 61 are shaped to receive the transport fingers of the manufacturing apparatus, in order to transport the strip from one station to another, along the manufacturing line, and to retain the strip at the respective stations, as explained below in relation to Figure 11.
    [0114] In step 102, a metallurgical hardening process 102 is carried out on the strip. This process starts the martensitic transformation of the steel.
    [0115] In step 103, the top edge of the strip, which should become the cutting edge, that is, the edge of the strip that belongs to the cutting edge portion 57, is shaped like the cutting edge of a blade for shaving or shaving. This conformation is a sharpening process carried out by grinding the edge to the required acute geometry. The cutting edge is defined by converging faces that taper towards a tip that has an angle of approximately 10 ° to 30 °.
    [0116] In step 104, a strengthening coating is applied to the milled cutting edge. For example, the ground blades are stacked in a pile, with the cutting edges of them all oriented in the same direction, and a strengthening coating is applied to them. The strengthening coating will comprise one or more layers with different characteristics. The layers may comprise one or more of metal (s) (notably chromium or platinum) and carbon (possibly in the form of DLC). This coating is deposited, for example, by crackling. Crackling can also be used to precisely shape the cutting edge geometry before or after coating. The overall geometry of the cutting edge is maintained there.
    [0117] In step 105, a telomere coating is applied to the blade edge. A suitable telomer is, for example, a PTFE. A suitable deposition method is spraying.
    [0118] What is referred to as the blade body is the part of the blade that is produced from steel, exclusive to coatings.
    [0119] In step 106, a bending step is applied to the straight strip so far. In flexion step 106, one part of the strip is retained, and a force is applied to the other part, so as to provide the strip with a curved portion 63, as shown in Figure 8b. After this step, the cutting edge portion 57 is angled with respect to the base portion substantially by the angle above a.
    [0120] Permanent deformation is impaired in the curved portion. Bending can be performed, for example, by stamping. Alternatively, flexion can be done by several other suitable methods. A method that reduces the generation of macrocracks in the strip, notably for the curved portion of the strip, is preferred.
    [0121] Due to the natural characteristics of the material, the curved strip that leaves this stage will not have the nominal geometry described above. In particular, it will exhibit some degree of camber, arc or sweep. In addition, due to the mechanical properties of the material, the geometry dispersion of the products can be large. This is particularly the case when the process used to apply the flexion is only moderately severe to the strip (in order to avoid cracking). In such a case, the amount of material oscillation after deformation is high and difficult to predict.
    [0122] According to the fifth invention, in step 107, a straightening step is performed. In this step, a forming process is used in order to reduce the dispersion in the product geometry. In particular, permanent deformation is applied to the inner face of the curved portion of the strip.
    [0123] This permanent deformation straightens the global blade and reduces the dispersion in the blade geometry between products.
    [0124] As an example, as shown in Figure 9, a straightening station 70 comprises a support 71 for receiving the curved strip 72. For example, support 71 has a V-shaped groove 73 that has an included angle corresponding to the nominal angle for the curved blade.
    [0125] The curved strip is placed in groove 73 with its outer surface resting on the arms of the V-shaped groove. It can be maintained there by any suitable means, such as vacuum suction or the like. A deformation tool 74 is placed above the groove 73. The deformation tool 74 has a base 75 that receives a transport 76 movably mounted in relation to the base 75 along the length direction of the strip (across the plane of Figure 9 ). The transport 76 supports a pressure application tip 77. The position of the pressure application tip 77 in relation to the transport 76 is adjustable, in order to bring the pressure application tip at a controlled distance to the base 71. The distance between the tip edge 77 and groove 73 will determine the level of pressure applied by the tip to the strip.
    [0126] The pressure application tip may comprise a support 78 that receives a spring loaded ball 79 at the edge thereof. The sphere has dimensions of the order of the curved portion of the strip. The support 78 allows the rotation of the ball 79 therein.
    [0127] Upon use, tip 77 is held in a higher position until a strip is placed in groove 73. Tip 77 is moved downward until ball 79 makes contact with the curved portion of the strip with adequate pressure. Ball 79 does not make contact with the straight portions of the strip. Contact is made on one side of the strip. Then, the conveyor 76 is moved relative to the base 75 along the length of the strip to the other side side, to form the curved portion of the strip. The ball rolls during this movement.
    [0128] Possibly, this movement is carried out back and forth. Tip 77 is then moved back to its upward position to remove the straightened strip from straightening station 70.
    [0129] The formed strip is controlled. For example, its geometry is measured with a suitable measuring device. These measurements make it possible to adjust the level of pressure applied by the tip for the straightening steps in future products.
    [0130] Back to Figure 10, a cutting step 108 is performed. In this step, the removable portion 60 is removed, to result in the final curved blade.
    [0131] According to a fourth invention, use is made of the notches 61 that are provided between the base portion and the removable portion of the blade, to remove the removable portion. They make it possible to remove the removable portion by giving minimal tension to the curved blade, thereby minimizing the level of permanent deformation applied to the curved blade, and potentially affecting its geometry. In addition, as the cut part surface is minimized, corrosion initiation is also reduced for the small cut area.
    [0132] The cut can be performed at a cutting station 80 shown partially in Figure 11. Station 80 has a base 81 from which two side pins 82 extend. The pins 82 are shaped to enter the corresponding notches 61 of the strip, and to locate the strip precisely in the station. The vacuum can be used additionally to retain the strip at the station by suction. The strip, at various stages of its manufacture, can be retained at manufacturing stations, and / or can be moved from one station to the next, using similar principles.
    [0133] In several realizations, the order in which some of the steps above are implemented can be changed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [0001]
    1. RIGID SHAVING OR SHAVING BLADE FORMED INTEGRALLY having a body with: - a cutting edge portion (39) that extends around a cutting edge portion plane and has a cutting edge (26) at one end, - a base portion (35) extending along a base portion plane, - a curved portion (53) intermediate the cutting edge portion (39) and the base portion (35), and in which the body is produced from martensitic stainless steel that mainly comprises iron, characterized by the martensitic steel comprising, by weight: - between 0.62% and 0.75% of carbon, - between 12.7 % and 13.7% of Chromium, - between 0.45% and 0.75% of Manganese, - between 0.20% and 0.50% of silicon, and - traces of Molybdenum.
    [0002]
    2. SHAVING OR DEPILLING DEVICE BLADE, according to claim 1, characterized by additionally having at least one of the following geometric parameters: an included angle (a) measured between the cutting edge portion plane and the cutting edge plane base portion is between 95 ° and 140 °, preferably between 108 ° and 112 °; the blade has an inner face (27) and an opposite outer face (28) that are not corrugated; the blade has an inner face (27) and an opposite outer face (28), and extends between a first lateral side (33) and a second lateral side (33 ') along a long geometric axis, and the curved portion (53) has, in cross section of the long geometric axis, a radius of curvature greater than 0.4 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm; the blade has an inner face (27) and an opposite outer face (28), and a thickness, measured between the faces, between 0.07 mm and 0.12 mm, preferably between 0.095 mm and 0.105 mm.
    [0003]
    3. SHAVING OR DEPILLING DEVICE BLADE, according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the cutting edge (26) additionally has converging faces that taper towards a tip that has an included angle between 10 ° and 30 °.
    [0004]
    4. SHAVING OR DEPILLING DEVICE BLADE, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the cutting edge (26) of the body additionally supporting a hardening coating and a lubricating coating.
    [0005]
    5. SHAVING OR STRAINING HEAD characterized by: a housing that has a top face that defines a shaving or shaving window, and an opposite stop face, with the housing additionally comprising two equipped side sides, each , of at least one slot and at least one tilt support, at least one razor or shaver blade, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, each of which is freely assembled in the housing, wherein the portion base (35) cooperates with the slit so that each blade is translatable independently from the housing along a sliding direction, under the effect of shaving and shaving forces applied to the blade during shaving or waxing, where the tilt device cooperates with the blade to tilt the blade until the cutting edge portion (39) is contiguous on the stop face of the housing, and in opposition to the shaving or shaving forces The.
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    EP2763823A1|2014-08-13|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-29| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/10/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EPPCT/EP2011/067451|2011-10-06|
    EP2011067451|2011-10-06|
    PCT/EP2012/069883|WO2013050606A1|2011-10-06|2012-10-08|Razor blade, razor head, and method of manufacture|
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