• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    wind turbine blade and method for assembling the blade. described herein is a blade (6) for a wind turbine (1) for the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy, comprising: - a blade structure (7) extending longitudinally along a blade axis (xl) and comprising a blade tip (11), an opposing blade base (12), a longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) and a longitudinal trail edge portion (14), which extend between the blade base. (12) and the blade tip (11); and - an outer aerodynamic concave blade (20), which defines an airfoil (25), including an airfoil thrust edge (26), an airfoil trailing edge (27) and an airfoil suction side and an airfoil side. airfoil pressure (28, 29) between said airfoil thrust and drag edges (26 27). the outer aerodynamic concave blade (20) comprises a suction side panel (31) and a pressure side panel (33) which are made of a transparent material and are fixed to the blade structure (7) so as to define the airfoil suction side and airfoil pressure side (28, 29), respectively, wherein said blade (6) comprises a transparent region (40) between said transparent panels (31, 33) and in which , said transparent panels (31, 33) are arranged facing each other, so that it is possible to see through the blade (6), looking through said transparent panels (31, 33) and said transparent region (40) . a method for assembling the blade (6) is also described.
    公开号:BR112014007591B1
    申请号:R112014007591-3
    申请日:2012-09-28
    公开日:2021-06-01
    发明作者:Luigi La Pegna；Renzo Piano
    申请人:Enel Green Power S.P.A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    [001] The present description refers to the technical field of electrical energy production and, in particular, with regard to a blade for a wind turbine generator and a method for assembling said blade.
    [002] Renewable energy sources are increasingly used for the production of electricity. In the field of renewable energy, there is currently particular interest in converting wind energy into electrical energy. This conversion is done by means of suitable electromechanical machines, called wind turbine generators, capable of transforming the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy, ready to be inserted into an electrical network. It is possible to distinguish wind turbine generators of two different types, in particular vertical axis wind turbine generators and horizontal axis wind turbine generators.
    [003] Wind turbine generators with horizontal axis, currently more common than those with vertical axis, in general, comprise a vertical support structure, a pivotally orientable nacelle, articulated at the top of the vertical support structure, a rotor wind turbine, comprising a group of blades fixed to a hub, a rotating shaft connected to the hub and an electrical alternator housed inside the nacelle and suitable for converting mechanical energy of shaft rotation into electrical energy. The wind rotor, through the effect of the wind intercepted by the group of blades, rotates around a generally horizontal or slightly inclined axis, in relation to an exactly horizontal axis, to put the rotation axis in rotation.
    [004] The technology of wind turbine generators undoubtedly has several advantageous aspects, particularly in terms of reducing environmental pollution, at least at the local level. However, wind energy has the disadvantage of being an intermittent energy source and of providing, from the start, relatively low concentrations of energy, compared, for example, with those supplied by fossil fuels. For this reason, wind turbine generators are usually equipped with blades, even many meters long, and are often grouped together in so-called wind farms, which are defined in properly selected locations, for example, based on annual average values of wind force of each location. In practice, each wind farm usually comprises multiple wind turbine generators, which are typically installed in natural environments such as hills, mountains or the open sea. Very often, due to the number of wind turbine generators installed within a wind farm and the relatively large dimensions of the individual wind turbine generators, they are then said to disrupt the countryside or, in other cases, to have a negative visual impact on the environment. This currently represents one of the main obstacles to the spread of this technology.
    [005] In order to solve, at least partially, the problems mentioned above, some technical solutions are known.
    [006] For example, the United States patent application, published with number US 2011/0215585, describes a wind turbine tower system, which is provided with completely transparent rotor blades. Particularly, such rotor blades are each made by coupling two halves of concave rotor blade blades, made of a transparent material, with a blade support structure. Each rotor blade concave blade half is continuously extended from an airfoil thrust edge to the airfoil trailing edge in such a way that the two rotor blade blade concave halves completely define , respectively, the pressure side and the suction side of a rotor blade airfoil.
    [007] The German patent application, published under the number DE 4442628, describes a blade for a wind turbine generator made of a transparent plastic, which can be reinforced by means of glass fibers or by means of a metal grid.
    [008] A general objective of the present description is to provide an alternative blade, for a wind turbine generator, which at least partially avoids the disadvantages described above with reference to the prior art.
    [009] This and other objectives are achieved by means of a blade, for a wind turbine generator, as defined in claim 1, in its most general form, and in the dependent claims, in some particular embodiments.
    [0010] Another objective of the present description is to provide a wind turbine generator as defined in claim 10.
    [0011] Yet another objective of the present description is to provide a method for assembling a blade for a wind turbine generator, as defined in claim 11, in its general embodiment, and in the dependent claims, in some forms of particular achievement.
    [0012] The invention will become clearer, by the detailed description, below, of its embodiments, given by way of example and in no way limiting, in relation to the attached drawings, in which: - Figure 1 shows a a standing side plan view of a wind turbine generator in accordance with a generally preferred embodiment; figure 2 shows a front plan view of a blade of the wind turbine generator of figure 1, according to a generally preferred embodiment; figure 3 shows an aerodynamic profile of the blade of figure 2, corresponding to a section of the blade, along line AA of figure 2; figure 4 shows a sectional view of the blade of figure 2, taken along line BB of figure 2; figure 5 shows a perspective view of the blade of figure 2; figure 6 shows an exploded perspective view of the blade of figure 2; figure 7 shows a perspective view of the blade of figure 2, in which some components of the blade have been removed; figure 8 shows a perspective view of two components of the blade of figure 2 disassociated from each other; figure 9 shows a perspective view of the components of figure 8, coupled together; figure 10 shows a partial perspective view of two more components of the blade of figure 2, disassociated from each other; and figure 11 shows a flow diagram of a method for assembling a blade for a wind turbine generator, according to a generally preferred embodiment.
    [0013] In the attached figures, elements that are identical or similar will be indicated with the same reference numbers.
    [0014] With reference to Figure 1, a non-limiting embodiment of a wind turbine generator for converting wind energy into electrical energy is represented and globally indicated with the number 1. In the example, the wind turbine generator 1 is in particular a horizontal axis wind turbine generator.
    [0015] According to one embodiment, without the introduction of any limitation for this reason, the wind turbine generator 1 is a generator called a mini wind turbine, since it is capable of producing less than electricity. 200 kW, for example, equals approximately 50 -60 kW.
    [0016] The wind turbine generator 1 comprises a support tower 200 which, in the example shown, is fixed to a steel structure support base 201 and which is fixed thereto by means of a plurality of cables 202, by example, made of steel. The support base 201 is, for example, suitable for being buried so that its upper face is level with the ground.
    [0017] The wind turbine generator 1 also comprises a nacelle 2, comprising an upper part 2A and a lower part 2B. The nacelle 2 is fixed to the upper part of the support tower 200 and is, for example, pivotally articulated thereto so as to be oriented in a controllable manner, for example, by means of a servomotor (not shown in the figures).
    [0018] According to a preferred embodiment, in nacelle 2, a housing space is defined, suitable for housing some of the mechanical, electrical and electromechanical components of the wind turbine generator 1.
    [0019] The wind turbine generator 1 comprises a primary wind rotor 3, pivotable with respect to the nacelle 2, around a primary rotation axis Al. The primary wind rotor 3 includes a fixing hub 4 or warhead 4, projecting it from the upper part 2A of nacelle 2, and a pair of blades 5, 6, pivotally mounted, with respect to the attachment hub, each around its respective axis of rotation A2, A3. In the example, the axes of rotation A2, A3 extend in a radial or essentially radial direction with respect to the primary axis of rotation Al.
    [0020] In a manner known per se, the wind turbine generator 1 also includes a primary shaft (not shown in the figures), which is suitable to be set in rotation by the primary wind rotor 3 and which is supported, in rotation, around the primary axis of rotation Al. This primary axis is also connected or functionally connected, in a manner known per se, with at least one electrical generator (not shown in the figures), which is preferably housed in the nacelle 2 and which is capable of converting the wind energy intercepted by the blades 5, 6 into electrical energy.
    [0021] With reference to Figure 2, one of the blades 5, 6 is illustrated, according to a generally preferred embodiment. Specifically, Figure 2 illustrates only the paddle 6; however, it should be noted that blades 5, 6 are structurally identical and therefore the characteristics, which will be described below, in relation to blade 6, will be valid, mutatis mutandis, also for blade 5.
    [0022] As can be seen in Figure 2, the blade 6 extends longitudinally along a blade axis XI. According to a preferred embodiment, when the blade 6 is mounted on the fixing hub 4, the blade axis XI preferably coincides with the rotation axis A2. The paddle 6 has a suction side or a suction side face, which can be seen, for example, in Figure 2, and an opposite pressure side or pressure side face.
    [0023] Referring to Figure 7, according to a preferred embodiment, the blade 6 comprises a blade structure globally indicated with the numeral 7, which extends longitudinally along the blade axis XI. The blade structure 7 comprises a blade tip 11, or a blade portion 11, and an opposing blade base 12, or a base portion 12. In the example, the blade base 12 comprises an attachment portion 12A, or blade hub 12A, for securing blade 6 to attachment hub 4. Furthermore, blade structure 7 comprises a longitudinal thrust edge portion 13 which is associated with or connected to the longitudinal thrust edge of blade 6, and a longitudinal trailing edge portion 14 which is associated with or connected to the longitudinal trailing edge of the blade 6. The longitudinal thrust and trailing edge portions 13, 14 extend longitudinally between the blade tip 11 and the base of the blade 12. Preferably, the blade structure 7 also comprises a plurality of reinforcing ribs 15, which are spaced apart in the direction of the blade axis XI and extend transversely to the axis XI, between the edge portion. of longitudinal thrust 13 and the longitudinally trailing edge portion 14. In the example, the blade 6 with it comprises, in a non-limiting manner, twelve reinforcing ribs 15. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the blade 6, along line BB, in one of the reinforcing ribs 15. Preferably, and not for limiting purposes , the paddle structure is made entirely or almost entirely of a carbon fiber composite material.
    [0024] With reference to figure 5, blade 6 comprises an external aerodynamic concave blade 20 that defines an airfoil globally indicated with 25 in figure 3. With reference to figure 3, which shows a cross-sectional view of blade 6, along from line AA of Figure 2, it can be seen that the airfoil 25 comprises an airfoil 26 thrust edge and an airfoil 27 trailing edge. In addition, the airfoil 25 comprises an airfoil 28 suction side and a thrust side of airfoil 29 between the thrust and drag edges of airfoil 26, 27, mentioned above. It should be noted that Figure 3 represents only one airfoil of blade 6. However, it is clear that the concave outer aerodynamic blade 20 defines a plurality of airfoils along the longitudinal extent of blade 6. In this regard, it should be noted that , for the purpose of this description, the terms "longitudinal thrust edge" and "longitudinal trailing edge", referring to the blade 6, indicate, respectively, the set of airfoil thrust edges and the set of trailing edges of airfoil of the plurality of airfoils of the blade 6. Furthermore, it should be noted that, since, according to a generally preferred embodiment, the blade 6 is a twisted blade and the airfoils are variably rotated relative to one another. the other, around the blade axis XI.
    [0025] With reference to Figures 5 and 6, according to a preferred embodiment, the paddle 6 comprises a pair of suction side panels 31, 32 and a pair of pressure side panels 33, 34, which are attached to the blade structure 7 so as to at least partially define the concave aerodynamic blade 20. According to a preferred embodiment, the suction side panels 31, 32, and similarly the pressure side panels 33, 34 they are adjacent in the direction of blade axis XI and extend for a significant portion of the longitudinal extent of the blade. For example, according to a preferred embodiment, the panels extend to at least half the length of the blade 6, and preferably up to about two thirds of the length of the blade 6. In the preferred embodiment, the thickness of the suction side panels and the pressure side panels is variable towards the longitudinal extent of the blade 6. Preferably, the thickness decreases, for example, from the base of the blade 12 towards the tip. of vane 11. Each of the suction side panels and pressure side panels comprises an inner face 31A, 32A, 33A, 34A and an opposite outer face 31B, 32B, 33B, 34B. The suction side panels and the pressure side panels are mutually disposed adjacent to define, at least partially, the suction side and the pressure side, respectively, of the airfoils of the blade 6. For example, with reference to Figure 3, it can be seen that the suction side panel 31 and the pressure side panel 33 are arranged facing each other and respectively partially define the suction side 28 and the pressure side 29 of the airfoil 25. Still particularly , with reference to Figure 3, it can be seen that the suction side panel 31 and the pressure side panel 33 are disposed facing each other and, respectively, only partially define the suction side 28 and the pressure side 29 of the airfoil 25.
    [0026] With reference to Figure 7, in which paddle 6 is shown with all suction and pressure side panels 31-34 removed from paddle structure 7, it can be seen that, according to a preferred embodiment, the blade structure 7 defines a plurality of transparent regions 40, which are disposed adjacent to each other towards the blade axis XI. More specifically, in the example, the structure of the blade 7, not for the purpose of limitation, defines eleven transparent regions 40, each of which is delimited, preferably, between a pair of adjacent reinforcing ribs 15 and between the aforementioned edge portions. of longitudinal thrust and drag 13, 14. In other words, in the example, the blade structure 7 delimits a plurality of spans 40, or through openings 40, each of which is preferably generally square in shape.
    [0027] Returning to figure 6, advantageously the suction side panels 31, 32 and the pressure side panels 33, 34 are made of a transparent material. By transparent material is meant a material that is essentially transparent to sunlight and essentially colorless. In other words, by a transparent material is meant a material that is capable of providing a visual effect similar to that provided by a common glass window, normally used in homes. According to a preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the suction side panels 31, 32 and the pressure side panels 33, 34 are made of polycarbonate sheets, which have preferably been hot molded. In the example, a plurality of transparent regions 40 are disposed between each pair of transparent panels 31, 33 and 32, 34, mutually facing each other, mentioned above. More specifically, in the example, six transparent regions 40 are disposed between the pair of transparent panels 31, 33, whereas five transparent regions 40 are disposed between the pair of transparent panels 32, 34. Thus, for example, looking through the pair of transparent panels 31, 33 and through the transparent regions 40, arranged between the panels 31, 33, it is possible to see through the blade 6. Likewise, looking, for example, through the pair of transparent panels 32, 34 and through of the transparent regions 40, arranged between the panels 32, 34, it is possible to see through the blade 6.
    [0028] Returning to Figure 7, according to a preferred embodiment, the paddle structure 7 comprises a suction side fixing seat 50 located on the suction side of the paddle 6, for securing the suction side panels 31, 32 to the blade structure 7. The attachment seat 50 preferably comprises an attachment surface 51, 52, 53, which is set back into the blade 6, relative to the outer aerodynamic concave blade 20. The attachment surface 51- 53 faces the inner faces 31A, 32A of the suction side panels and is attached to the inner faces 31A, 32A. As can be seen in Figure 7, the attachment surface 51-53 comprises two longitudinal surface portions 51, 52, which extend between the blade tip 11 and the blade base 12 and which are associated with or connected to the blade portion. longitudinal thrust edge 13 and the longitudinal trailing edge portion 14, respectively. Preferably, the attachment surface 51-53 also comprises a plurality of transverse surfaces 53 extending transversely to the blade axis XI between the longitudinal surface portions 51, 52. On the pressing side of the blade 6 , the paddle structure 7 also comprises a pressure side fixing seat (not shown in the figures) for securing the pressure side panels 33, 34 to the paddle structure 7. The pressure side fixing seat is analogous to the seat. the suction side fasteners 50. Furthermore, the pressure side panels 33, 34 are secured to the pressure side fastening seat in a manner analogous to the attachment of the suction side panels 31, 32 to the suction side fastening seat 50. For this reason, the pressure side locking seat and the attachment of the pressure side panels 33, 34 to the pressure side locking seat are not described in detail below.
    [0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the paddle 6 comprises a first and a second type of fastening elements, which are different from each other, to fix the transparent panels 31, 32 and 33, 34 to the respective seats of lateral pressure and suction fixation. More specifically, the fastening elements of the first type comprise a glue or an adhesive substance, whereas the fastening elements of the second type preferably consist of screws or other equivalent fastening elements. In the example, where the blade structure 7 is made of carbon fiber, the fastening elements of the first type preferably comprise an epoxy resin, whereas the fastening elements of the second type preferably comprise a plurality of of screws 55 (figures 2-4), preferably screwed into a corresponding plurality of female threads (not shown in the figures), which are incorporated in the blade structure 7. In any case, it should be noted that, in general, it is not It is strictly necessary to use fastening elements of a first and a second type, which are different from each other, to fasten the above-mentioned transparent panels 31-34 to the blade structure 7. For example, according to alternative embodiments, the transparent panels can be fixed to the blade structure either exclusively by means of an adhesive substance or exclusively by means of screws or other equivalent fastening elements. However, it should be noted that the fact that a first type of fasteners, comprising an adhesive substance, and a second type of fasteners, different from the first type of fasteners, used simultaneously makes it possible, advantageously, to ensure a particularly secure and reliable fixation of the transparent panels and, at the same time, reduce the amount of adhesive substance to be used, so as to prevent it from dirtying the transparent panels and/or using an adhesive substance that has characteristics relatively worse adhesion, which is more cost effective. Furthermore, it should be noted that the fact of using an adhesive substance to fix the transparent panels, advantageously ensures a relative sealing, adequate to prevent or reduce the infiltration of moisture between the transparent panels and the paddle structure 7.
    [0030] Referring to Figure 6, according to a preferred embodiment, the blade structure 7 comprises four generally comb-shaped structures 61, 62, 63, 64. Each of the comb-shaped structures 61-64 comprises a comb holder 61A, 62A, 63A, 64A and a plurality of comb teeth 61B, 62B, 63B, 64B, which are preferably formed in one piece with comb holder and projecting transversely from the comb holder. that column. The comb-shaped structures 61-64 are coupled together, in pairs, so as to form two segments or parts of the blade structure 7, which are both intended to be connected to each other and to the edge portion of longitudinal thrust 13. In this respect, figure 8 represents the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 disassociated from each other. In Figure 9, the same comb-shaped structures 62, 64 are shown coupled together to form a segment or frame piece 65 of the blade structure 7, which, in the example, is attached to the blade tip. 11. As can be seen in Figure 9, the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 are coupled together so that the comb string 62A, 64A defines a portion of the longitudinal trailing edge portion 14 (Figure 7), while the comb teeth, 62B, 64B define a plurality of the aforementioned reinforcing ribs 15. In other words, the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 are preferably coupled, facing each other, so that the comb column 62A faces the comb column 64A and each comb tooth 62B faces the 64B matching comb tooth. The comb-shaped structures 61, 63 (figure 6) are coupled in a manner analogous to the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 so as to form another segment or structure part (not shown in the figures) of the structure. blade 7, which is analogous to frame segment 65. It should be noted that the fact that comb-shaped structures, in which the comb teeth are made in one piece with the comb columns, advantageously makes it possible to obtain a particularly resistant blade structure, which makes it possible to compensate for the structural fragility of the blade, due to the fact that the aforementioned transparent panels, made, for example, of polycarbonate, are used. Furthermore, it should be noted that such comb-shaped structures allow to assemble the shovel in a particularly easy manner.
    [0031] With reference to Figures 2-4, according to a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal thrust edge portion 13 comprises a longitudinal tubular member 13. As can be seen in Figure 3, according to an embodiment Advantageously, the tubular member 13 has a cross-sectional profile in the form of a closed loop, comprising a pair of steps 71, 72 situated on two opposite sides of the member 13, to define the aforementioned suction side 50 and the seats. of lateral pressure fixings. More specifically, the steps 71, 72 are used to define, at least partially, respectively, the longitudinal surface portion 51 and an opposite longitudinal surface portion of the pressure lateral clamping seat, respectively. With reference to Figures 3-4, it can be seen that, according to one embodiment, the longitudinal trailing edge portion 14 has a cross-sectional profile in the form essentially of an arrow. In other words, as can be seen in figures 3-4, also the longitudinal trailing edge portion 14 has a cross-section, which comprises a pair of steps situated on two opposite sides of the longitudinal trailing edge portion 14. One more instead, with reference to figures 3-4, it should be noted that the fact of providing a longitudinal tubular member, having a cross-sectional profile in the form of a closed circuit, comprising a pair of steps, arranged on the two opposite sides of the longitudinal tubular member, and a longitudinal trailing edge portion, which has a cross-sectional profile, which is essentially arrow-shaped, allows the realization of a paddle with transparent inserts (i.e., the suction side panel and pressure side panel), which partially define the suction side of the airfoil and the pressure side of the airfoil, respectively, instead of a blade, having two concave transparent half blades, which define complete the airfoil pressure side and the airfoil suction side respectively. In addition, it should be noted that the fact of providing a longitudinal tubular member, having a cross-sectional profile in the form of a closed circuit, allows for the compensation of the fragility of the support structure, due to the use of the transparent elements mentioned above, instead of continuous transparent concave half blades.
    [0032] With reference to figures 6 and 10, according to a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal tubular member 13 comprises a plurality of fastening recesses 75, for securing the two parts of the aforementioned structures to the tubular member 13. In particular , in the attachment recesses 75, corresponding attachment fins 76 (Figures 8 and 9) of the comb teeth 61B-64B are received and secured, so that the attachment fins 76 at least partially define two of the surface portions above-mentioned longitudinal clamps, belonging respectively to the suction lateral clamping seat 50 (figure 7) and the pressure lateral clamping seat. Preferably, each of the comb teeth 61B, 62B, 63B, 64B is equipped with a respective securing tab 76 on a respective distal end portion of the comb post 61A, 62A, 63A, 64A.
    [0033] Again with reference to figures 6 and 10, according to a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal tubular member 13 comprises a first and a second tubular segment 13A, 13B, which are connected together to form the member 13. As can be seen in Figure 10, the tube segment 13A comprises a respective connecting end portion 78, which is suitable to fit into the mating end portion 79 of the tube segment 13B. Portion 79 is mated with portion 78 to couple the tube segments 13. In the example, where the blade tip 11 is also a through member, the tube segment 13B preferably comprises another connecting end portion. , similar to the end portion 78, for coupling the tubular segment 13B with the tip of the blade 11. According to one embodiment, the aforementioned two segments or frame parts can be fixed together at the ends facing one towards the other. the other of coupled comb columns 62A, 64A and 61A, 63A. These ends of the coupled comb columns can, for example, be glued together at the end and/or can be equipped with coupled portions, analogous to portions 78 and 79.
    [0034] It should be noted that, based on the blade structure 6 described above, an assembly method 100 (figure 11) for mounting a blade for a wind turbine generator 1 is described in practical terms here. According to a preferred embodiment, the assembly method 100 comprises a step 110 of providing a blade structure 7, extending longitudinally along a blade axis XI and delimiting at least one transparent region 40 The blade structure comprises a blade tip 11, an opposing blade column 12, a longitudinal thrust edge portion 13 and a longitudinal trail edge portion 14, which extend between the blade column 12 and the blade tip. shovel 11.
    [0035] The assembly method 100 also comprises a step 120 of providing a suction side panel 31 and a pressure side panel 33, made of a transparent material and a step 130 of attaching such transparent panels 31, 33 to the structure of shovel 7, arranged facing each other. The transparent region 40 is arranged between the transparent panels 31, 33 so that it is possible to see through the blade 6 by looking through the transparent panels 31, 33 and the transparent region 40.
    [0036] The transparent panels 31, 33 are such as to define, together with the blade structure 7, an external aerodynamic concave blade 20. The aerodynamic concave blade 20 defines an airfoil 25, including an airfoil thrust edge 26, an airfoil drag edge 27 and an airfoil suction side and an airfoil thrust side 28, 29, between said airfoil thrust and drag edges 26, 27. The transparent panels 31, 33 are fixed to the structure of the blade 7 so as to define, at least partially, the airfoil suction side 28 and the airfoil pressure side 29, respectively.
    [0037] According to a preferred embodiment, step 110 of providing the blade structure 7 comprises an operation of providing a pair of structures, generally comb-shaped 62, 64, each comprising a comb column 62A, 64A and a plurality of comb teeth 62B, 64B, which are formed in one piece with the comb columns, 62A, 64A and projecting transversely from the column 62A, 64A. Furthermore, the step 110 of providing the blade structure 7 comprises an operation of coupling said comb-shaped structures 62, 64 so that the comb columns 62A, 64A at least partially define the edge portion. of longitudinal drag 14, whereas the comb teeth 62B, 64B define a plurality of the aforementioned reinforcing ribs 15. According to a preferred embodiment, prior to the operation of coupling the comb-shaped structures 62, 64, step 110 comprises an operation of arranging the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 facing each other so that the comb column 62A faces the comb column 64A and each comb tooth 62B faces a corresponding tooth of 64B comb.
    [0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the assembly method 100, the teeth of the comb 62B, 64B comprise securing fins 76. In addition, the longitudinal thrust edge portion 13 preferably comprises a plurality of recesses attachment 75 and the blade structure 7 comprises a suction side attachment seat 50 and a pressure side attachment seat, respectively located on the suction side and pressure side of the blade 6, for attaching the transparent panels 31 33 to the blade structure 7. The step 110 of providing the blade structure 7 preferably comprises an operation of inserting the attachment fins 76 into the attachment recesses 75 to couple the comb-shaped structures 62, 64 to the longitudinal thrust edge portion 13. In particular, the fastening fins 76 are preferably received in the fastening recesses 75, so as to define, at least partially, two portions of longitudinal surfaces (of which only the portion of the super longitudinal surface 51 is visible in figure 7), which belong to the suction side fixing seat 50 and the pressure side fixing seat, respectively.
    [0039] According to a preferred embodiment, step 110 of providing the blade structure 7 comprises an operation of providing a first tubular segment 13A, which has a connecting end portion 78, and an operation of providing a second tubular segment 13B, which has a mating end portion 79, which is mated with respect to the connecting portion 78. In addition, the step 110 of providing the blade structure 7 preferably comprises an operation of engaging the end portion. connection 78 at the mating end portion 79, for coupling the first and second tubular segments 13A, 13B to form a longitudinal tubular member 13, which is suitable for defining the longitudinal thrust edge portion 13. According to in a preferred embodiment, prior to the above-mentioned operation of fitting the connecting portion 78 to the mating portion 79, step 110 comprises an operation of placing an adhesive substance, such as a epoxy resin, on the connecting portion 78.
    [0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the step 130 of fastening the transparent panels 31, 33 comprises an operation of using a first type of fastening elements and an operation of using a second type of fastening elements 55 , different from the first type of fastening elements, for securing each of the transparent panels 31, 33 to the paddle structure 7. In particular, the fastening elements of the first type preferably comprise an adhesive substance, such as, for example, epoxy resin.
    [0041] It should be noted that numerous modifications and/or variations can be made to a blade for a wind turbine generator and/or an assembly method in accordance with the present description.
    [0042] For example, to make the blade structure 7 of a sufficiently strong material, the blade may be provided with a single transparent region 40, rather than comprising a plurality of transparent regions 40 as described above. Said transparent region, for example, can be obtained by removing a plurality of reinforcing ribs 15, so that the transparent region is delimited, for example, by the blade tip 11, the blade base 12 and the edge portions of longitudinal thrust and drag 13, 14. It should also be noted that, according to a less advantageous embodiment, the transparent region 40 may also comprise a transparent material, rather than being formed of a cavity or a through opening.
    [0043] According to other variants of embodiments, depending on the dimensions of the blade, the number of transparent panels and/or the number of comb-shaped structures and/or the number of tubular segments, which form the longitudinal tubular member , may be different, and more specifically, less or more than those indicated above.
    [0044] For example, in general, it is necessary for the paddle 6 to comprise at least one suction side panel and at least one pressure side panel, made of a transparent material.
    [0045] According to a variant of embodiment, the blade 6 may comprise a longitudinal tubular member 13, which is constituted by a single tubular segment, connected to the blade base and blade tip, respectively, in this way, without the need to provide for a plurality of tube segments connected to each other.
    [0046] According to a variant embodiment, the blade structure may comprise a single pair of comb-shaped structures, suitable to be coupled, to form a single piece suitable to be coupled and to form a single piece of connected structure to the longitudinal thrust edge portion and to the blade tip, respectively.
    [0047] Based on what has been described above, it is therefore possible to understand how a blade for a wind turbine generator and a method for assembling the blade, according to the present description, allows the above mentioned objectives to be reached.
    [0048] The fact that a blade for a wind turbine generator is at least partially transparent certainly advantageously makes it possible to see the environment beyond the blades and through the blades themselves, thus reducing the impact wind turbine generator visual and thus allowing it to live better with the surrounding environment when compared to state of the art wind turbine generators.
    [0049] Without changing the principle of the invention, the embodiments and details can be widely varied, in relation to what has been described and illustrated only as a non-limiting example, without therefore departing from the scope of the invention, such as defined in the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. BLADE (6) FOR A WIND TURBINE GENERATOR (1), for the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy, comprising: - a blade structure (7), which extends longitudinally along a blade axis ( X1) and comprising a blade tip (11), an opposing blade base (12), a longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) and a longitudinal drag edge portion (14), which extend between the blade base. paddle (12) and the paddle tip (11); and - an outer aerodynamic concave blade (20), defining an airfoil (25), including an airfoil thrust edge (26), an airfoil trailing edge (27) and an airfoil suction side and a pressure side airfoil (28, 29) between said airfoil thrust and drag edges (26 27); wherein said outer aerodynamic concave blade (20) comprises a suction side panel (31) and a pressure side panel (33) which are made of a transparent material and are fixed to the blade structure (7) of so as to define the airfoil suction side and the airfoil pressure side (28, 29), respectively; wherein the blade (6) comprises a suction side attachment seat (50) and a pressure side attachment seat, arranged on the suction side and pressure side of the blade (6), respectively, for attaching said panels transparent (31, 33) to the blade structure (7); wherein said blade (6) comprises a transparent region (40) between said transparent panels (31, 33) and wherein said transparent panels (31, 33) are arranged facing each other so that it is possible to see through the blade (6), looking through said transparent panels (31, 33) and said transparent region (40); said blade (6) being characterized in that: - the suction side panel (31) and the pressure side panel (33) partially define the airfoil suction side and the airfoil pressure side (28, 29), respectively ; - the longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) comprises a longitudinal tubular member (13), said longitudinal tubular member (13) having a cross-sectional profile in the form of a closed circuit, comprising a pair of steps (71, 72) arranged on two opposite sides of the longitudinal tubular member (13) to define said suction and pressure lateral attachment seats (50); and - the longitudinal trailing edge portion (14) has a cross-sectional profile that is shaped essentially like an arrow.
    [0002]
    Blade (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that said wind turbine generator (1) is a mini wind turbine generator.
    [0003]
    A blade (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blade structure (7) comprises a plurality of reinforcing ribs (15) which are spaced apart in the direction of the blade axis (X1 ) and extend transversely to said blade axis (X1), between the longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) and the longitudinal trailing edge portion (14), said blade (6) comprising a plurality of regions transparent panels (40), which are arranged adjacent to each other towards the blade axis (X1) and interposed between said transparent panels (31, 32, 33, 34), each of said transparent regions (40) being delimited by a pair of adjacent reinforcing ribs (15) and by said longitudinal thrust and drag edge portions (13, 14).
    [0004]
    Blade (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that each of said transparent panels (31, 33) comprises an inner face (31A, 33A) and an opposite outer face (31B, 33B), and, in that each of said attachment seats (50) comprises an attachment surface (51, 52, 53) set back towards the interior of the blade (6), relative to the outer aerodynamic concave blade (20) and facing the inner face (31A) of the respective transparent panel (31), the attachment surface (51, 52, 53) being fixed to this inner face (31A) and comprising: - two longitudinal surface portions (51, 52) extending between the blade tip (11) and blade base (12) and which are associated or connected to the longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) and the longitudinal trail edge portion (14), respectively, and - a plurality of surfaces transverses (53) extending transversely to the blade axis (X1) between the longitudinal surface portions (51, 52).
    [0005]
    A blade (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that the blade structure (7) comprises a pair of generally comb-shaped structures (62, 64), each comprising a comb column (62A, 64A ) and a plurality of comb teeth (62B, 64B), which are formed in one piece with the comb base (62A, 64A) and which project transversely from said column (62A, 64A), said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) coupled together, facing each other, so that the comb column (62A) of one of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) faces the comb column. comb (64A) of the other of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), and each comb tooth (62B) of one of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), faces a corresponding comb tooth. (64B) of the other of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), the comb-shaped structures of said pair (62, 64) being mutually coupled, such that said comb base (62A, 64A) at least partially defines the longitudinal trailing edge portion (14), while said comb teeth (62B, 64B) define a plurality of said reinforcing ribs (15).
    [0006]
    Blade (6) according to claim 5, when dependent on claim 4, characterized in that the comb teeth of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) comprise fastening fins (76) and, wherein the said longitudinal tubular member (13) comprises a plurality of fastening recesses (75), where the fastening fins (76) are received and secured, in such a way that the fastening fins (76) at least partially define two of the said longitudinal surface portions (51), respectively, belonging to the suction lateral fixation seat (50) and the pressure lateral fixation seat.
    [0007]
    A blade (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the longitudinal tubular member comprises a first tubular segment (13A) having a connecting end portion (78) and a second tubular segment (13B) having a mating end portion (79) with respect to said connecting end portion (78), the connecting end portion being adapted to fit with the mating end portion (79) for mating mutually said first and second tubular segments (13A, 13B).
    [0008]
    Blade (6), according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a first and a second type of fastening element (55), different from each other, for fastening each of said transparent panels (31, 33) to the blade structure (7), the fastening elements of the first type comprising an adhesive substance.
    [0009]
    A blade (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the blade structure (7) is entirely or almost entirely made of carbon fiber.
    [0010]
    10. WIND TURBINE GENERATOR (1) characterized in that it comprises at least one blade as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
    [0011]
    11. METHOD (100) FOR ASSEMBLING A WINDOW (6) FOR A WIND TURBINE GENERATOR (1), for converting wind energy into electrical energy, comprising: - a step (110) of providing a blade structure (7) extending longitudinally along a blade axis (X1) and delimiting at least one transparent region (40), the blade structure comprising a blade tip (11), an opposing blade base (12) a longitudinally pulling edge portion (13) and a longitudinally trailing edge portion (14), which extend between the base of the blade (12) and the tip of the blade (11); - a step (120) of providing a suction side panel (31) and a pressure side panel (33) made of a transparent material, and - a step (130) of fastening said transparent panels (31, 33 ), facing each other, to the blade structure (7), said transparent region (40) being interposed between said transparent panels (31, 33), in such a way that it is possible to see through the blade (6) looking through the transparent panels (31, 33) and the transparent region (40); wherein the blade (6) comprises a suction side attachment seat (50) and a pressure side attachment seat, arranged on the suction side and pressure side of the blade (6), respectively, for attaching said panels transparent (31, 33) to the blade structure (7); said panels being transparent such as to define, together with the blade structure (7), an external aerodynamic concave blade (20), said aerodynamic concave blade (20) defining an airfoil (25), including an edge of airfoil thrust (26), an airfoil drag edge (27) and an airfoil suction side and an airfoil pressure side (28, 29) between said airfoil suction and pressure edges (26, 27 ), said transparent panels being attached to the blade structure (7), so as to define the airfoil suction side and the airfoil pressure side (28, 29), respectively; said assembly method (100) characterized in that: - the suction side panel (31) and the pressure side panel (33) partially define the airfoil suction side and the airfoil pressure side (28, 29), respectively; - the longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) comprises a longitudinal tubular member (13), said longitudinal tubular member (13) having a cross-sectional profile in the form of a closed circuit, comprising a pair of steps (71, 72) arranged on two opposite sides of the longitudinal tubular member (13) to define the lateral pressure and suction attachment seats (50); and - the longitudinal trailing edge portion (14) has a cross-sectional profile that is shaped essentially like an arrow.
    [0012]
    12. METHOD (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that said step (110) of providing the blade structure (7) comprises: - an operation of providing a pair of generally comb-shaped structures (62, 64), each comprising a comb column (62A, 64A) and a plurality of comb teeth (62B, 64B) which are formed in one piece with the comb column (62A, 64A) and which protrude transversely from said column (62A, 64A); and - an operation of mutually coupling said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), such that said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) are coupled together, facing each other, so whereby the comb column (62A) of one of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) faces the comb column (64A) of the other of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), and each one of the comb teeth (62B) of one of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) faces a corresponding comb tooth (64B) of the other of said comb-shaped structures (62, 64), said mutual coupling operation comprising coupling said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) such that said comb column (62A, 64A) at least partially defines the longitudinal trailing edge portion (14) , while said comb teeth (62B, 64B) define a plurality of reinforcing ribs (15).
    [0013]
    13. METHOD (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that said comb teeth (62B, 64B) comprise fastening fins (76) and said longitudinal thrust edge portion (13) comprises a plurality of recesses of fastening (75), said step of providing the blade structure (7) comprising an operation of inserting the fastening fins (76) into the fastening recesses, to couple said comb-shaped structures (62, 64) to the portion. of longitudinal thrust edge (13), the fastening fins (76) being received in the fastening recesses (75), in such a way as to define, at least partially, two longitudinal surface portions (51) belonging to said seat of suction side attachment (50) and to said pressure side attachment seat, respectively.
    [0014]
    14. METHOD (100) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that said step (110) of providing the blade structure (7) comprises: - an operation of providing a first tubular segment (13A) having a connecting end portion (78); - an operation of providing a second tubular segment (13B) having a conjugated end portion (79) with respect to said connecting end portion (78); and - an operation of fitting the connecting end portion (78) to the mating end portion (79) to mutually couple said first and second tubular segments (13A, 13B) to form said longitudinal tubular member ( 13), which is suitable for defining said longitudinal thrust edge portion (13).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2012314345B2|2016-12-22|
    TN2014000123A1|2015-07-01|
    EP2761169B1|2016-03-16|
    ZA201403162B|2015-11-25|
    CO6970572A2|2014-06-13|
    PT2761169E|2016-06-20|
    CN103958887B|2016-10-05|
    SMT201600180B|2016-08-31|
    RU2593859C2|2016-08-10|
    CN103958887A|2014-07-30|
    HRP20160645T1|2016-08-26|
    IL231693D0|2014-05-28|
    CY1117703T1|2017-05-17|
    MX2014003810A|2014-10-17|
    SI2761169T1|2016-07-29|
    MX342372B|2016-09-27|
    CA2850255A1|2013-04-04|
    DK2761169T3|2016-06-27|
    NZ623566A|2016-08-26|
    EP2761169A1|2014-08-06|
    RU2014117535A|2015-11-10|
    PE20141967A1|2015-01-07|
    US20140234119A1|2014-08-21|
    HUE029500T2|2017-02-28|
    AU2012314345A1|2014-04-24|
    RS54866B1|2016-10-31|
    BR112014007591A2|2017-04-11|
    CL2014000781A1|2014-09-26|
    ES2577404T3|2016-07-14|
    ITRM20110517A1|2013-03-31|
    US9638165B2|2017-05-02|
    PL2761169T3|2016-09-30|
    WO2013045622A1|2013-04-04|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-28| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-01| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: RETIFICACAO DO PARECER DE DEFERIMENTO PUBLICADO NA RPI2616. |
    2021-06-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IT000517A|ITRM20110517A1|2011-09-30|2011-09-30|SHOVEL FOR WIND GENERATOR AND ASSEMBLY METHOD OF THAT SHAFT|
    ITRM2011A000517|2011-09-30|
    US201161548078P| true| 2011-10-17|2011-10-17|
    US61/548,078|2011-10-17|
    PCT/EP2012/069200|WO2013045622A1|2011-09-30|2012-09-28|Blade for wind turbine and method of assembly of the blade|
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